Professional Documents
Culture Documents
PREPARED BY:
Kevin Chow
4th Year Architectural Engineering
Anticipated Graduation: May 2008
kchow@ksu.edu
Present Address
Permanent Address
1737 Laramie St.
2725 Cogan Drive
Manhattan, KS 66502 Indep., MO 64055
(816) 686-9028
(816) 373-2107
Jeremy Fowler
4th Year Architectural Engineering
Anticipated Graduation: May 2008
jrf8886@ksu.edu
Present Address
Permanent Address
1832 Claflin Apt. 10
1832 Claflin Apt. 10
Manhattan, KS 66502 Manhattan, KS 66502
(970) 389-7238
(970) 389-7238
Brendan Gleason
5th Year Architectural Engineering
Anticipated Graduation: May 2007
bjg5555@ksu.edu
Present Address
Permanent Address
815 N 10th St.
1 Cedar Drive
Manhattan, KS 66502 Halstead, KS 67056
(316) 259-7453
(316) 835-3294
Brandon Damas
5th Year Architectural Engineering
Anticipated Graduation: May 2007
bpdamas@ksu.edu
Present Address
Permanent Address
2039 College View Rd.
14395 W. 142nd St.
Manhattan, KS 66502
Olathe, KS 66062
(913) 481-2913
(913) 481-2913
Brandon Frey
4th Year Architectural Engineering
Anticipated Graduation: May 2008
bfrey@ksu.edu
Present Address
Permanent Address
1114 Vattier St. Apt. 8
218 N. Racehorse
Manhattan, KS 66502
Wichita, KS 67235
(316) 371-6127
(316) 371-6127
Ben Willey
5th Year Architectural Engineering
Anticipated Graduation: December 2007
baw8888@ksu.edu
Present Address
Permanent Address
801 Osage
8713 W. 19th St.
Manhattan, KS 66502
Wichita, KS 67212
(316) 393-8299
(316) 721-0354
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air to be supplied directly to the space. Duct heaters are utilized throughout the spaces to reach the ARI/ISO
certified conditions of 68F entering air conditions for a two-stage heat pump in heating mode. Based on our
calculations, some of the zones are governed by air changes per hour, while many of the zones are not. The zones not
governed by air changes can have two-stage heat pumps. The low setting can be sized to cover the air changes and
the upper setting to cover the maximum load based on internal loads and envelope loads. Refer to Appendix C page
35 for a sample load calculation of a lab space where internal loads govern.
The office spaces do not have near the ventilation load/requirements that the lab spaces do. To obtain the required
amount of supply air, return air from the space mixes with ventilation air from the DOAS at the heat pumps. The
heat pumps utilize a 20% filter to protect the coils and compensate for any contaminants in the plenum and occupied
space.
In regards to hydronics, some jurisdictions may consider the water re-injected into the river to be a pollutant to the
natural environment because of the slight temperature change. The design addresses this issue. After sizing the
hydronic loop, a temperature change of 8F, for the open loop, was calculated. It is assumed that this would be small
enough to avoid impacting the river temperature, especially, since it is flowing into the ocean and the volume is nearly
insignificant in comparison. However, in case New York City has some issues with the design, a supplemental
alternative is incorporated to minimize the change in temperature re-injected into the river. The use of an exterior
fountain to work in a manner similar to a cooling tower is a viable and innovative option. It will spray river return
water directly into a stainless steel diffusion shield that disperses the flow. The droplets then trickle down multiple
layers of stainless steel, with an integral fan blowing over the baffles, cooling the water as it trickles down to the
holding tank where it is eventually returned back to the river. A control sequence is utilized to bypass the river
entirely when the fountain heat transfer is sufficient to handle the load (part load conditions). Temperature sensors
will be utilized to control the bypass valve so an optimal temperature change is acquired. This fountain could be
integrated with the surrounding areas and used to potentially be incorporated into a park facility for the community.
An assumption is being made that the proposed land real estate can be purchased. The design team believes that this
is an excellent way for ImClone to give back to the community. Refer to Geothermal Heat Pump Hydronic one-line
on page 15 for visual explanation of the fountain heat rejection process.
System Components
Airside System
- (4) High Velocity Upblast Exhaust Fans
- Variable Volume by use of an OA Louver
- (2) Heat Pipe Heat Exchangers
- (6) DOAS Units (4 Labs, 2 Offices)
- DX Cooling Coils
- Electric Reheat Coils
- VFDs on Fans
- 25% pre-filter and 95% final filter (labs)
- 25% pre-filter and 85% final filter (offices)
- Horizontal Heat Pumps at Zone Level
- Two-Stage Units
- Duct Heaters (if necessary)
- 20% throw away filter
- Venturi Air Flow Control Valves
- Other Components
- Ductwork
- Dampers
Hydronic System
- (2) 100% Load Open-Loop (Primary)
Pumps
- (2) 100% Load System Loop (Secondary)
Pumps
- (6) 100% Air Cooled Condensing Units
- Other Components
- Black Steel Pipe (Open River Loop)
- Plate-and-Frame Heat Exchanger
- Steel Pipe (Interior System Loop)
- Possible Cooling Tower like Fountain
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Hydronic System
- (2) 100% Load Frame-Mounted, End
Suction Pumps
- (6) 100% Air Cooled Condensing Units
- (2) 66% Water-Tube Gas Fired Boilers
- (2) 100% Closed-Loop Evaporative Coolers
- Other Components
- Steel Pipe (Interior System Loop)
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The cooling coils are served by two centrifugal chillers sized at full capacity and/or by thermal ice storage units when
ice capacity is available. The centrifugal chillers are connected to two closed-loop evaporative coolers, described in
Section 4.2, to reject heat. Overnight, the chillers are set to produce sub-freezing temperature water (hydronic lines
have a glycol/water mixture to reach sub-freezing temperatures) used to create ice in thermal ice storage units and an
ice sculpture. The sub-freezing glycol/water mixture can by-pass (by use of a three-way valve) all the cooling coils,
when conditions are favorable, and can be routed through a thermal storage unit full of water and back to the chillers.
The water is frozen overnight so that it may be used during the day during peak electric rates. This allows the chillers
and closed-loop evaporative coolers to be potentially shut down during peak rate times and save on operating costs.
In New York City, the electric energy rates are an average of 4/kwh greater (rates are from Con Edison, Inc.) during
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Ice Sculpture
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Hydronic System
- (2) 66% Water-Tube, Gas Fired Boilers
- (2) 100% Load Hot Water Circulating Pumps
- (2) Closed-loop evaporative coolers
- (2) 100% Load Closed-loop evaporative cooler Pumps
- (2) 100% Load Centrifugal Chillers
- Thermal Ice Storage Units and Ice Sculpture
- (2) 100% Load Chilled Water Circulating Pumps
- Other Components
- Black Steel Pipe (over 2)
- Copper Pipe (2 and under)
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Office Airside
- (2) AHUs
- Supply & Exhaust Fans
- Hydronic Heating Coils
- Hydronic Cooling Coils
- VAV Boxes
- Hydronic Reheat Coils
- Other Components
- Ductwork
- Dampers
Hydronic System
- (2) 66% Water-Tube, Gas Fired Boilers
- (2) 100% Load Hot Water Circulating Pumps
- (2) Closed-loop evaporative coolers
- (2) 100% Load Closed-loop evaporative cooler Pumps
- (2) 100% Load Centrifugal Chillers
- Other Components
- Black Steel Pipe (over 2)
- Copper Pipe (2 and under)
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Performance
Requirements
Capacity
Requirements
Spatial
Requirements
First Cost
Operating Cost
Reliability
Flexibility
Maintainability
Sustainability
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Geothermal Heat Pump Water Source Heat Pump AHU with Terminal Reheat
Design Criteria
Initial
Weighted
Initial
Weighted
Initial
Weighted
(weighted percentage)
Rating
Rating
Rating
Rating
Rating
Rating
First Cost (30%)
5
1.50
7
2.10
6
1.80
Operating Cost (20%)
9
1.80
6
1.20
6
1.20
Reliability (15%)
8
1.20
7
1.05
7
1.05
Flexibility (15%)
5
0.75
5
0.75
6
0.90
Maintainability (10%)
5
0.50
3
0.30
6
0.60
Sustainability (10%)
10
1.00
8
0.80
5
0.50
Total
6.75
6.20
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6.05
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CONDUCTION (TRANSMISSIO
7-33
7V,17
EXPOSURE
ITEM
W all
Page:
1
of
76 Inside db
72 RH %
72 Re: Tbl 4-7A-B
5-15-17
AREA
N
S
E
W
Glass
UXA
44.25
0.041
1.81
45
0.43
19.35
HTG T
GLASS
GLASS
GLASS
GLASS
ITEM
unshaded
shaded
windows
doors
shaded
unshaded
shaded
windows
doors
AREA
W /Fixt
or W /SF
Total
W atts
EXPOSURE
BTUh
COOLING
LOAD
7-35
T or
CLTD
107
17
17
17
17
329
1142
CONDUCTION SUBTOTALS
365
1249
7-4-10
7-3
SC
SHGF
N
S
45
0.63
216
6124
ELECT
1.5
5
PEOPLE
6124
CLG SENS
LOAD
7-15
225
750
EQUIP
INTERNAL LOADS
150
150
BTUh
HEATING
LOAD
36
SOLAR SUBTOTAL
LIGHTS /
POW ER
Date: 3/26/2007
Grains
19.7
0.068
ROOF/CEILING
FLOOR
TIME
3
55
59
59
59 5pm
59
59
59
59
59
59
59
59
59
Doors
21
SOLAR
EXTERNAL LOADS
768
2560
3328
7-14
5-9
# of PEOPLE
1
EQUIP
LATENT
BTUh/ea
200
LATENT
CLG LAT
LOAD
SENS
BTUh/ea
250
SENS
200
Hooded
ITEM
CFM
Space CLG
INFILT Space HTG
Door CLG
Door HTG
250
EQUIPMENT SUBTOTALS
CLG
HTG T CLG T
G
5-1, 13A/B
CLG SENS
LOAD
200
CLG LAT
LOAD
250
CLG SENS HEATING
LOAD
LOAD
Q L = CFM x .69 x G
Q S = CFM x 1.08 x T
INFILTRATION SUBTOTALS
Cooling & Heating Space Load Subtotals = Conduction + Solar + Internal + Infiltration
200
10066
CLG CFM
1249
HTG CFM
466
33
Required Supply Air CFM = Sensible Space Load Subtotals / 1.08 (SA - RA T)
CLG
CLG LAT CLG SENS HEATING
HTG T CLG T
G
CFM/SF
LOAD
LOAD
CFM
LOAD
5-9
VENT
15
Q L = CFM x .69 x G
59
13
211
956
211
956
10277
2204
Q S = CFM x 1.08 x T
VENTILATION SUBTOTALS
Cooling & Heating Equipment Loads = Space Load Subtotals + Ventilation Loads
Cooling Tons = (Clg Lat + Clg Sens) / 12,000 =
0.87
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200
8*1725/60
1.1*170*17
SUPPORTING INFORMATION
(ALL TABLES AND VALUES ARE FROM PRINCIPLES OF HVAC)
Wall R-Value
Wall U-Value
Wall Type
WALLS
24.4 (1/U)
0.041 Given
15 Table 7-37C Mass outside insulation
(C2-Lightweight Concrete Block)
Window U-Value
WINDOWS
0.43
PEOPLE
TABLE 7-14 RATES OF HEAT GAIN FROM OCCUPANTS
SENSIBLE
250 BTU/h
LATENT
200 BTU/h
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