1.

INTRODUCTION
In Bangladesh the leather industry is well established and ranked fourth in terms of
earning foreign exchange. In consideration of being a value added sector the
(Government of Bangladesh (GoB), Ministry of Industry (MoI) has declared it as a
priority sector. The leather products sector have huge opportunities in generating
employment , entrepreneurship and investment by increasing export of higher value
added products rather than finished leather and by utilizing locally made raw material
(finished leather) to convert into more value added leather products (including
footwear and other leather goods).

Statistics prepared by Export Promotion Bureau of Bangladesh for the Financial Year
2011-12, the leather sector grew by 17.5 percent and earned $765 million in revenue.
Of this $434.8 million was attributed from leather products, accounting for
approximately 57 percent of the total revenue. The leather sector includes 220
tanneries, 3,500 MSMEs and 110 large firms2 of leather products controlling more
than 90% of the export market. Most of the enterprises are located in Dhaka, followed
by two big clusters at Bhairab and Chittagong.

The sector generates direct and indirect employment for about 850,000. People,
including a significant number of women, particularly in the leather products
industries Leather is the basis of one of the oldest industries in Bangladesh and plays
a significant role in the national economy with a good reputation worldwide.
This is an agro-based by-product industry with locally available indigenous raw
materials having a potential for export development and sustained growth over the
coming years. Bangladesh leather is widely known around the world for its high
qualities of fine grain, uniform fiber structure, smooth feel and natural texture.

The problems and prospects of leather industry in Bangladesh

1.1 Origin of the report:

We are being instructed by our course instructor MD. Kaium Hossain to do this report
for a partial fulfillment of our course. We hope this report will help us to know about
our assigned topic and also to increase the communication skill with the group
members.We are asked to submit this report on april 30, 2005.

1.2 Purpose of the report:

The main purpose of this report is to implement our theoretical knowledge what we
have learned in this course. The report will be covered with the information of leather
industry, leather goods, production process, problems of the leather industry and
prospect of the leather industry

1.3 Objectives of the study

To know about the problems of leather Industry
To know about the prospects of leather Industry
To make some recommendations about the problems of leather industry

The problems and prospects of leather industry in Bangladesh

1.4 Methodology of Data Collection

This report has made from secondary level data. We collect all data from internet the
annual report of Leather industry.

1.5 Limitations of the study

We cannot cover all the information which was needed to prepare this report. But, we
tried to cover as much as possible. We cannot have much time in our hand so we
cannot visit any of the leather company and we cannot collect the primary level data.
We tried our best to make this report more accurate. Our main limitation was time
constrain and another limitation was unavailability of data.

1.6 History of leather industry in Bangladesh:

Bangladesh Leather industry developed in Bangladesh on a large scale basis from the
1970s.The leather industry is now reasonably well established in Bangladesh, with
about 200 Government-recognized leather plants processing raw hides and skins into
wet-blue, crust or finished leather, and over 2,000 leather footwear and leather-goods
units (over 90% employing less than 9)producing various kinds of leather footwear
and other leather products such as garments, ladies bags, suitcases, wallets and some
fancy items. It is, however, the processing of raw hides and skins into some form of
crust, finished or semi-processed (wet-blue) leather which has dominated the industry
in Bangladesh, as high as 85 per cent of the total output being exported from this subsector.
The manufacture of crust/finished leather and that of wet-blue, both for exports, is the
dominant activity of the industry. The value of exports from leather goods is

The problems and prospects of leather industry in Bangladesh

negligible, although this Sub sector is dominant in the domestic market especially in
leather footwear, as almost the entire demand in this regard is satisfied through local
production.
Another Important item of output of the leather sector is vegetable tanned leather,
made of buffalo hides. The entire output is locally used for shoe soles and indus trial
lead.

The problems and prospects of leather industry in Bangladesh

1.7 Leather Product we produced:

There is wide variety of leather goods produced in the Bangladesh .The main groups
are below:
i.
ii.
iii.

Small leather goods/Fancy leather goods

Medium leather goods
Heavy leather goods

1.7.1 Small Leather goods:

Small leather goods or sometimes called personal leather goods which are usually
carried in pocket or hand bags, includes purses, wallets, key case,passport case,
note case, card case, cigarette case and cigar case, match box case and so others.
Most of those products are made without any internal stiffening of reinforcement.
These leather goods require leather having thickness of about 0.5 mm to 1.00 mm.
different types of hides and skins which are usually used in making small leather
goods are, cow softy, goat glaze, sheep napa, calf skin etc.

The problems and prospects of leather industry in Bangladesh

1.7.2 Medium Leather Goods

It includes hand bags, shopping bags, shoulder bags, document cases,attach cases and
so on. These bags are made from calf, goat, sheep and exotic skins and hides finished
with range of colors which generates a good appearance and look sophistication and
modernity. Leather, which has a thickness of 0.8 mm to 1.2 mm, is used in making of
medium leather goods. Cow softy, dry milled, cow napa, sheep napa, goat and buff
softy leather are widely used in making of medium leather goods.

1.7.3 Heavy Leather Goods:

These are made generally from cow and buff Alo hides, which are strong and durable.
The hides have distinct surface grain patterns and size ranges from 20 to 30 sq. ft is
full hide. Cow and buff hides of thickness 1 to 1.5 mm are used for making
heavy leather goods. The type to leather goods for making heavy leather goods
are, box sides, Katti Leather, Split Leather, Cow Upper, Upholstery, Buff Softy,
etc.

The problems and prospects of leather industry in Bangladesh

2 Analysis & Findings:

2.1 The Problems and Factor in Leather Industry in
Bangladesh:
a. There are 3 subsectors i) Leather Tanning, ii) Leather Footwear, iii) Leather
Goods. No other sub sector emerged yet.
b. 90% of basic raw materials i.e. hide locally available. About 220m sq feet of
leather of high grain produced locally.
c. The sector is very much akin to the RMG sector, but there is far greater scope of
value addition ~90% as oppose to RMG where value addition scope is ~40% as basic
raw materials for leather sector are locally available. RMG is the single largest
contributor to export about USD over 20b; however, basic raw materials are
imported.
d.50% of leather is being exported in the form of semi-finished and finished leather
losing the value addition opportunity. Rest 50% is being converted into footwear and
leather products for low-end market.
e. there are unskilled competitive labor forces, there is shortage of skilled workforces,
managers and entrepreneurs.
f. Limited access to market - Bangladesh has a limited or small share (~0.56%) in the
global business, so there is a tremendous opportunity to grow to capture more market
share around the world. Vietnam can be a benchmark for Bangladesh who imports
70% of raw materials and exports Shoes and footwear products: USD 6.549b, Bags &
leather handbags: USD 1.289b .
g. Limited access to market information: A deeper, more widely held understanding
of market trend in terms of quality, fashion, leather product prices, competitors,

The problems and prospects of leather industry in Bangladesh

importers and consumers preferences, and anticipated regulations and restrictions

needs to be developed in Bangladesh.
h. Poor cooperation between firms/ stakeholders: strong connections between value
chain members for a strong sector position, the stakeholders should hold their hands
together for mutual benefits. Unfortunately this is still not the case.

i. Low product quality and productivity: Product quality and overall productivity is
always a concern for this sector. The product quality means the reliability and
aesthetics of the finished products. It stems from the quality of basic raw materials
including flayed hide/skin and chemicals, the overall workmanship and the
machines/process used in the industry, so the sector still today target mostly the low
end product market. The main reasons of poor quality are
Lack of formal education of stakeholders / owners particularly of tannery.
Lack of awareness of stakeholders involved in skin/hide flaying and
preservation business.
Limited awareness and knowledge of proper butchery and hide preservation
among amateurs flaying during the (sacrificial) festival.
Poor quality of finished leather.
Higher prices of imported processing chemicals for hides/skins.
Poor quality of raw materials.
j. Outdated Machineries - Traditional status quo mind set of the owners; they lack
information on appropriate machineries, sources, prices etc. They also lack awareness
on incentives for product / productivity improvements, are using traditional tanning
and manufacturing methods and process.

The problems and prospects of leather industry in Bangladesh

k. Limited access to finance: Lack of awareness of FIs on potentiality and risks of this
business. Collateral and complicated formalities to have finance.
l. Lack of support and promotion for SMEs.
m. Absence of integrated policy; no long term policy regarding Common Facility
Center (CFC).
n. Lack of Accessories Manufacturers as backward linkage.
o. Lack of skill development institutes.
p. Poor infrastructure (power), interrupted power supply.
q. Waste management is in shambles.

2.2 Opportunities:
Huge untapped international market, <1% as well as domestic market
Increasing global demand for value added, diversified products
Scope of developing backward linkage business
High value addition potential
High tax on competitors by major leather products importers
Labor intensive; employment opportunities
Low wage workers convertible to skilled ones
No duty on shoes, leather products made and exported from Bangladesh.
Establishing by-product industry with solid and liquid waste through proper R& D

The problems and prospects of leather industry in Bangladesh

 Local and Foreign Direct Investment opportunity in value added leather products
sector
China is losing competitiveness
Future Leather estate to raise brand image
backward linkage development
Investment in the value added leather goods and footwear sector
Government policies toward leather exporters; GSP, Cash Incentive; etc.
Already big players like Young-one, Blue Ocean, Venturini, Tata invested in BD
signaling many more to follow.
Increasing International and Local demands for value added leather products.
International Fashion and sourcing houses in BD for RMGs showing interest in
leather products.

2.3 Challenges:
Selective and limited Access to Finance
Lack of Skilled Workforces
Lack of access to latest technology and machinery facilities
Insufficient services and supports from BIOs.
Lack of education, training
Absence of entrepreneurial skill, rent seeking mentality.
Poor linkage and coordination between/among SMEs and lead firms

The problems and prospects of leather industry in Bangladesh

 Absence of market information and promotion, inadequate marketing knowledge

of local leather entrepreneurs
Inefficient/unskilled hide collection systems
Poor/or no R&D, laboratory facilities
Inadequate training facilities and centers
Vulnerable SMEs; poor enterprise level cooperation
No international brand image
Poor compliance practice
Poor infrastructure, power
Weak accessories/chemical industry
Dependence on chemical/accessories import
Skilled designers and facilities for product design and development are
unavailable

2.4 prospects of leather

factory
Although jute industry is striving for its existence with a huge accumulated
financial burden on it and losses being incurred every year, yet the rays of hopes
are not totally disappeared. As renewable, biodegradable, easily disposable and
environment friendly natural commodity, there is a good prospect of Jute and Jute
products which is described in brief below:
Governments declared Thrust sector; highest priority is Footwear & Leather
Goods.
Renewable natural resources

The problems and prospects of leather industry in Bangladesh

 The growth rate of Bangladeshs livestock population have been steadily

increasing
~90% materials locally available
Unique grain pattern and fiber structure of cattle, high quality and reputation of
natural leather
Adequate competitive workforces, availability of labor and low labor cost
Comparative price advantage in international market
The sector has favorable conditions for high value addition ~90% when the
largest RMG sector has value addition scope ~40%.

The problems and prospects of leather industry in Bangladesh

2.5 Overview of Leather Industry:

Leather is the basis of one of the oldest industries in Bangladesh and plays a
significant role in the national economy with a good reputation worldwide.
This is an agro-based by-product industry with locally available indigenous raw
materials having a potential for export development and sustained growth over the
coming

Years. Bangladesh leather is widely known around the world for its high qualities of
fine grain, uniform fiber structure, smooth feel and natural texture. Real progress in
terms of product development with respect to crust and finished leather commenced
in the 1990s following the ban on export of wet-blue hides from Bangladesh.

Figure1. Bangladesh's export of leather, footwear and leather goods.6

2.5.1 Tanning in Bangladesh:

A number of tanneries took the opportunity in 1990s for the production of crust and
finished leather. There are reportedly around 220 tanneries in Bangladesh but, in fact,
only 113 tanneries are in effective operation, out of these 20 units are reported to be
fairly large (7 units very large), around 45 units are considered of medium size and
around 48 units are considered small groups as detailed in Table I.3 105 of the
tanneries are positioned arbitrarily in the Hazaribagh area in Dhaka where 84 per cent

of the total supply of hides and skins are processed in a highly congested area of only
29 hectares of land.

2.5.2 Livestock in Bangladesh:

Bangladesh has a fairly large livestock population to support a strong and growing
tanning industry. Table II shows that cow hides account for 56% of the production,
goat skins for 30% and buffalo makes up the rest.5 The current output in Bangladesh
is about 200 million sq.ft. of leather annually. Apart from bovine hides, buffalo, goat
and sheep; a good quantity of kangaroo hides (pickled condition/wet-blue) are
imported from Australia and finished in Bangladesh, shoes are made of this kangaroo
leather for export, mostly to Japan. Some ostrich leather is also imported from
Australia for production of high quality and high priced bags and wallets for re-export
to Australia.

2.5.3 Leather export performance:

The contribution of the leather industry to the Bangladesh economy was about
US$500 million, accounting for 3% of countrys exports6 in 2010-11. Recent export
trends indicate that the footwear sector (value added merchandise), is growing the
fastest. Figure 1 shows that the performance with regard to footwear is increasing
substantially. Further progress in this regard is expected in the years to come.

Currently there are about 30 mechanized footwear companies in the country, most
produce leather footwear for global export. A large number of semimechanized and
non-mechanized footwear units are also operating for the domestic market. Some 5 or
6 companies produce quality leather goods which are regularly exported in
appreciable volume. Export performance can be anticipated to increase in the next
five years with at least 12-15% growth in turnover perannum.In the next two years
the existing footwear factories are likely to export more shoes. The new capacity
[expanded and new factories] that will come on stream from late 2012 will give
increased growth. The Export Processing Zones (throughout Bangladesh) at present
have 18 shoe and leather goods factories and there are at least seven large factories
under construction. Factories under construction include the Korean company Young
ones footwear complex which will be the largest in Asia. The leather products subsector is ideal for youth, women and micro entrepreneurial start-up businesses, based
on the low costs and capital investment. It can also provide the opportunity to gain
experience to transfer to footwear or other creative sub sector

2.5.4 Professional Associations:

There are large number of associations such as Bangladesh Finished Leather, Leather
Goods and Footwear Exporters Association (BFLLFEA) which operates with over 80
members. The Bangladesh Tanners Association (BTA) with over 150 members

engages in export trade. The Institute of Leather Engineering and Technology (ILET)
is the only educational institution in Bangladesh covering human resources
development in the field and new technology Annually about 85 000 tonnes of raw
material are processed in Bangladesh. The estimated quantity of tanned and untanned
waste from the processing of one tonne of salted hides/skins according to various
authors and Bangladeshi leather industries.

2.6 Leather and Leather Goods Export of Bangladesh:

Over 250 manufacturers are producing various Leather items such as travel goods,
suitcases, briefcases and fashion accessories, along with belts,wallets, hand bags, case
holders etc. for overseas export. Bangladesh has also entered the field of Leather
fashion garments with items of distinction and prestige.The leather sector accounts
for about 4% of total exports earnings of Bangladesh. Neverthel
ess, it is a major export commodity after ready-made garments and jute products and
its development is considered by the Government a priority for export diversification
and employment generation. This status was confirmed by the Round Table on the
Integrated Framework (IF) for LDCs, held in January 2000, and by the World Bank,
which included the leather sector among the priorities of the export diversification
programme for Bangladesh.

YEAR
2003
2004
2005
2006

TOTAL EXPORT (US Dollar)

219.39
246.68
290.89
252.65

Source: Export Promotion Bureau of Bangladesh, 2007.

The leather goods producing enterprises only a few in number ( 15-20 units) with
product lines relating to travel goods, suitcases, briefcases and fashion accessories,
along with belts, wallets,hand bags, case holders etc.for overseas export. Export of

leather goods made of Ostrich bird leather, is an unique collection amongst many
other exciting products made of goatskins, cow calf, Buff-Calf etc.. Articles made of
ostrich bird leather are exported to Australia (ostrich bird leather is imported from
South Africa and Australia). Bangladesh has also entered the field of Leather fashion
garments with items of distinction. The leather goods manufacturing firms use
basicallyfinished leather and lining leather as raw materials and all are collected from
local sources.

2.6.1 A Value Chain Analysis for the Leather Sector:

This is a 4th largest export earning and highly potential sector in Bangladesh as the
90% of the basic raw materials - high quality grain leathers are locally available that
can certainly find a strong niche in the world market. This sector is very much akin to
RMG sector, the number one export earning sector in Bangladesh that earned over
USD 20b with imported basic raw materials in 2011-12, and where value addition
scope is ~40%. As oppose Leather sector (where value addition scope is ~90%) in FY
2011-12, grew by 17.5 percent and earned $765 million in revenue, of which $434.8
million was derived from footwear and leather products, accounting for
approximately 57 percent of the total revenue of the sector. export earnings in 201112 stood at USD 330.6m, 10.86% higher than that of previous year. The sector
evolved at this stage of its own without much care, due nurture and patronization.

In the last ten years (2002-2012) among the major exporting sectors leather and
leather products account for a significant growth (300%) particularly the leather
products sub-sector (900%). Export of leather products jumped from $ 50 million to $
435 million which is only 0.5% of the global market share so there is a huge room to
explore the opportunity for the leather products sector of Bangladesh to increase the
world market share1.
Export Performances of leather and leather Products (leather footwear and leather
goods) last 5 yrs in USD Millions. Source EPB statistics, 2013.
The leather products industry includes 3,500 SMEs and 100 lead firms controlling
more than 90% of the export market. Most of the enterprises are located in Dhaka,
followed by two big clusters at
Bhairab & Chittagong. The
sector generates direct and
indirect employment for about
850,000 people, including a
significant number of women,
particularly in the footwear and
leather goods industries.2
MSMEs are the heart of this
sector; the large/organized enterprises are increasingly depending on SMEs as
outsourcing business is on a rise. Apart from that, MSMEs themselves are exposing
as important market players. Despite this fact there is room for the development of
MSMEs in this sector.

With the expansion of export market and increase of per capita income with
consequent higher living standard the demand for local market is also increasing
particularly for the footwear and leather goods which are mostly dominated by
MSMEs (70%) 4. Organized factories like Bata, Apex, Jennys, etc are controlling the
rest 30% market5. Domestic market of footwear and goods in Bangladesh is ~146
millions of pairs worth ~ USD 350 million6. The ratio of sourcing from local
enterprises and import is 80:20 in terms of products quantity. Out of this USD 350
million the imported leather products comprise 40%7 meaning that high ended
products are imported. Unfortunately most of these imported products are smuggled
(80%) 8 in. The country is loosing value to the tune of USD 140 million due to the
following reasons

Absence of clustering strategy for joint production and retailing by MSMEs

Inefficiency in production & lack of skill in quality
Limited access to modern machineries,
Competition from cheap/illegal imports,
Limited access to market information and market linkages
Confidence gap in the consumers about the local products
Lack of access to formal finance.

Most SMEs failed to graduate to the value chain since its inception due to above
mentioned reasons as well so that efforts form all corners is required to make them
commendable stakeholders. The value chain of manufacturing part consists of 1)
Tannery, 2) Leather Footwear and 3) Leather Goods. Other than these 3 sub-sectors in
leather sector no new sub-sector is found emerging very soon, although a few big

companies from Taiwan and China already invested in this sector, and a few factories
started producing outsoles which is a very important and welcoming start of new
integration in the footwear sub-sector. The backward linkage industries are almost
empty, and open for investment.

Table 1: Export of leather and leather products:

Table 2: Growth of footware Export of Bangladesh:

Table 3: Development of world population and the footware

production:

Table 4: Bangladesh Exporting Sectors:

Table 5: Productions and Exports of leather:

Year

Production
World
(Avg)

Export
Share of

Banglades
h

Bangladesh

World
(Avg)

(Avg)

Banglade
sh

Banglades

(Avg)

(Avg)
2000-

126.6

2001

2001-

148.8

2002

2002-

150.5

2003

2003-

155.6

2004

2004-

Share of
h
(%)

45.26

35.74

16.83

15.55

92.39

51.37

34.52

16.47

14.11

85.67

56.85

29.27

26.03

25.19

96.77

53.30

34.25

19.17

19.05

99.37

49.86

17.04

63.26

24.47

2005
20052006

Table 6:Leather Goods Production, Internal Consumption, Export

Quantity & Export Value
Volume: in lac

MT

Value: In Cr. TK (in Mill US$)

Product

Internal

ion

Consump

Price Per MT

tion

in TK.

Year

Export

Volu

Avg. Export

Value

me
2000-

4.83

0.87

4.26

2001
2001-

5.36

0.85

4.41

5.16

0.95

4.37

5.17

0.94

4.72

2006

1485.37

39000

1448.10

30680

(245.60)
5.24

1.07

4.20

2005
2005-

31000

(256.34)

2004
2004-

1341.37
(236.07)

2003
2003-

29000

(224.50)

2002
2002-

1204.01

1543.08

35000

( 255.52)
5.69

0.79

4.40

1610.48
(238.73)

39000

Table 7: Revealed Comparative Advantage of Bangladeshi Leather

Industry with Selected Asian Economies:

Table 8: Growth of leather Exports of Bangladesh:

2.7 Solution/How to overcome the problems of Leather Industry:

We have to make more subsectors for leather industry.

The sector is very much akin to the RMG sector, but there is far greater
scope of value addition ~90% as oppose to RMG where value addition
scope is ~40% as basic raw materials for leather sector are locally
available. So we need to emphasis on that sector
We should reduce the losses of raw material of the leather goods
We need skilled competitive labour forces, managers and entrepreneurs.
We have break the limitation of the market for the better revenue from the
leather sector.
Outdated Machineries should be removing and bring modern technology.
Limited access to finance, Government should increase more facility in
that sector.
Increase support and promotion for SMEs.
Made a integrated policy; no long term policy regarding Common Facility

Center (CFC).
Bring Accessories Manufacturers as backward linkage.
Improve skill development institutes.
Build more infrastructures (power), interrupted power supply.
Make environment friendly Waste management
Improve hide collection systems
Increase R&D, laboratory facilities
Develop the training facilities and centers
Vulnerable SMEs; poor enterprise level cooperation develop
international brand image should me make

3 Conclution & Recommendations:

3.1 Conclution: here has been a continuous shift of leather, footwear and leather
goods production from developed to developing countries
mainly caused by price competitiveness. The developed

countries import low and medium end market leather footwear and leather goods
from developing countries keeping their manufacturing limited to high fashioned
costly products.
Bangladesh has not yet been able to make a significant breakthrough in its leather
sector through diversification and improvement of the quality
of leather products. Bangladesh needs to improve the quality of leather products for
better market acces
s and economic benefits from the international export market including the developed
countries.

3.2 Key Recommendation

As a sector of an emerging economy the promising leather sector has many issues to
resolve, and deserve big supports from all the possible perspective to make the sector
very successful like that of RMG. There are many issues that will hopefully subside
as the sector make progress, and as the core issues are thoughtfully addressed.
In terms of priority, sustainability, due diligence, EU guidelines for the grant, and
moving towards core objectives, the consultant recommended the aforementioned two
action plans of Common Facility Center, and strengthening the related BIOs that will
address many core issues and help augment the sector towards the ultimate goal.
Besides there are a few recommendations listed below that consultant gathered after
interviewing various stakeholders in the sector:
Leather Processing: Improper slaughtering and flaying of hides and skins cause a
big loss, and can be reduced by establishing a modern slaughtering house / abattoir,
Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) and Quality Control (QC), creating awareness
(through extension training & media) on slaughtering & flaying process, with special
focus during the Qurbani festival period.
Market development support: Promote product image through quality-designservices, establishing market trend intelligence, facilitating participation in
international trade fairs, Organize local fair, Develop website and catalogue.

 Access to Finance: Enable Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) to

qualify for finance through developing innovative financial products.
Having the basic raw materials for leather goods as well as for the production of
leather footwear, a large pool of cheap but trainable labor force together with tariff
concession facility to major importing countries under GSP coverage, Bangladesh is
set to emerge as the next potential offshore location for leather, leather footwear and
allied products manufacturing with competitive cost but high quality, a manufacturing
hub for the global leather goods industry.

References:
r0.unctad.org/trade_env/test1/meetings/bangkok5/b5Draft case
study Bangladesh.pdf
http://iosrjournals.org/iosr-jbm/papers/Vol16-issue12/Version2/G0161224451.pdf

 http://www.bkmea.com/images/media/history_of_development/pro
duct_catagory.jpg
http://lightcastlebd.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/graph21.png
http://www.dhakatribune.com/commerce/2013/oct/02/bta-seesnew-opportunity-leather-goods-export
http://www.dhakachamber.com/economic_policy/Leather_Goods_
Final.pdf
http://r0.unctad.org/trade_env/test1/meetings/bangkok5/b5Draft
%20case%20study%20Bangladesh.pdf
http://www.fao.org/docrep/006/y4343e/y4343e03.htm
http://www.slideshare.net/samrat23/bangladesh-leather-and?
related=1
Technical Report Leather Sector Includes a Value Chain Analysis
and Proposed Action Plans Intended to be used as Source Material
in the Development of Concept Notes Bangladesh INSPIRED.Pdf