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RMATSuccess Master
Number System
Introduction
In the decimal number system, numbers are expressed by means of symbols 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, called
digits. Here, 0 is called an insignificant digit whereas 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 are called significant digits. We can
express a number in two ways :
Notation Representing a number in figures is known as notation as 350.
Numeration Representing a number in words is known as numeration as Five hundred and forty five.
Indian System of Numeration
Ten Arb Arb Ten Crore Crore Ten Lac
1010
109
108
107
106
Lac
105
104
103
Hundred
Place
102
100
Categories of Numbers
Natural Numbers (N ) Numbers that are used
in counting are called natural numbers.
If N is the set of natural numbers, then we write
N = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, ......... }
The smallest natural number is 1.
Whole Numbers (W ) When zero is included in
the set of natural numbers, the numbers are known
as whole numbers.
If W is the set of whole numbers, then we write
W = { 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, .......... }
The smallest whole number is 0.
Integers (I ) Integers are whole numbers,
negative of whole numbers including zero.
If I is the set of integers, then we write I =
{ ........... 3, 2, 1, 0, 1, 2, 3, .......... }
Rational Numbers Numbers which can be
p
expressed in the form of , where p and q are both
q
integers and q 0 are called rational numbers.
3 7
,
, 5, 2, ........... .
2 9
There exists infinite number of rational numbers between any two rational numbers.
Irrational Numbers Non-recurring and non-terminating decimals are irrational numbers. These numbers
p
cannot be expressed in the form of .
q
eg,
eg,
Real Numbers
3, 5, 29, ............ .
Real number includes both rational and irrational numbers.
RMATSuccess Master
Divisibility By 8 A number is divisible by 8, if the number formed by the last 3 digits of the number is
divisible by 8. eg, If we take the number 57832, the last three digits form 832. Since, the number 832 is
divisible by 8, the number 57832 is also divisible by 8.
Divisibility By 9 A number is divisible by 9, if the sum of all the digits of a number is a multiple of 9. eg,
684 = 6 + 8 + 4 = 18. 18 is divisible by 9 so, 684 is also divisible by 9.
Divisibility By 10 A number is divisible by 10, if its last digit is 0. eg, 20, 180, 350, ............. .
Divisibility By 11 When the difference between the sum of its digits in odd places and in even places is
either 0 or a multiple of 11.
Extra Punch !
eg,
30426
l If p and q are coprimes and both are factors of a
3 + 4 + 6 = 13
number r, then their product p q will also be a
0+ 2 = 2
factor of r. eg, Factors of 24 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12
13 2 = 11
and 24 prime factors of 24 are 2 and 3, which are
As the difference is a multiple of 11 the number 30426 is
also coprime. Product of 2 3 = 6, 6 is also a factor
also divisible by 11.
of 24.
l If p divides q and r, then p also divides their
In a sum of division, we have four quantities.
sum or difference. eg, 4 divides 12 and 20.
They are (i) Dividend (ii) Divisor (iii) Quotient and (iv)
Sum of 12 and 20 is 32 which is divisible by 4.
Remainder.
Difference of 20 and 12 is 8 which is divisible by 4.
These quantities are connected by a relation.
l If a number is divisible by another number, then it
(a) Dividend = Divisor Quotient + Remainder.
must be divisible by each of the factors of that
(b) Divisor = (Dividend Remainder) Quotient.
number. 48 is divisible by 12. Factors of 12 are 1, 2,
(c) Quotient = (Dividend Remainder) Divisor.
3, 4, 6, 12. So, 48 is divisible by 2, 3, 4 and 6 also.
Illustration 1 In a sum of division the dividend is 258, the quotient is 17 and the
remainder is 3. Find the divisor.
Solution. Divisor = (Dividend Remainder) Quotient = (258 3) 17 = 15
Hence, the divisor is 15.
Illustration 2 In a sum of division, the quotient is 110, the remainder is 250, the
divisor is equal to the sum of the quotient and remainder. What is the dividend ?
Illustration 3 Find the total number of numbers upto 600 which are divisible by 14.
Solution. Divide 600 by 13, the quotient obtained is 46. Thus, there are 46 numbers less than
600 which are divisible by 14.
Extra Punch !
l
l
l
Multiple
Extra Punch !
l
l
l
l
12 52
6
26
3
13
1
13
1
1
Thus, LCM of 12 and 52 is 2 2 3 13 = 156
Thus, LCM of 12 and 52 is 2 2 3 13 = 156
To find HCF
12)52(4
48
4) 12 (3
12
15
3
3
1
1
20
4
2
2
1
30
6
3
1
1
RMATSuccess Master
HCF Let us first find HCF of any two numbers (15 and 20).
15)20(1
15
5)15(3
15
3 4 9
,
, .
5 15 8
LCM of 3, 4, 9 36 36
=
HCF of 5, 15, 8
1
HCF of 3, 4, 9
1
HCF of fractions =
=
LCM of 5, 15, 8 120
3 4 7
, , .
5 7 10
3 3 14 42 4 4 10 40 7
7 7 49
; =
;
=
=
=
=
=
5 5 14 70 7 7 10 70 10 10 7 70
4 3 7
Ascending order is , ,
.
7 5 10
Extra Punch !
l
l
l
l
l
Illustration 10 LCM of two numbers is 56 times of their HCF. Sum of LCM and HCF is
456. If one of them is 56. Find the other.
Solution. Let the HCF be x; then LCM = 56x
x + 56x = 456
Now,
x=8
Practice Exercises
A. Model Questions
1. Find the sum of the smallest four-digit number and the
largest five-digit number.
(a) 199900
(b) 100999
(c) 211000
(d) 211999
2. A positive integer which when added to 999 gives a sum
which is greater than when it is multiplied by 999. Which
of the following could be the value of the positive integer ?
(a) 3
(b) 4
(c) 1
(d) 2
3. What is the total number of prime numbers less than
100 ?
(a) 25
(b) 21
(c) 29
(d) 27
4. If 43p is divisible by 3, then what is the largest value p
can take ?
(a) 8
(b) 2
(c) 5
(d) 0
5. If the number 6pq 5 is divisible by both 3 and 5, which of
the following digits can replace p and q?
(a) 5,9
(b) 9,5
(c) 5,7
(d) 9,7
6. There are four prime numbers written in ascending
order. The product of the first three is 1001 and that of
the last three is 2431. Find the first prime number.
(a) 7
(b) 11
(c) 3
(d) 5
7. What is the remainder when 152 698 is divided by 5.
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 4
(d) 3
8. What is the remainder when 75 3 is divided by 4 ?
(a) 1
(b) 1
(c) 3
(d) 2
9. What is the remainder when 412 363 312 is divided by
15 ?
(a) 2
(b) 6
(c) 4
(d) 3
10. Find the largest four digit number exactly divisible by
55.
(a) 9900
(b) 9955
(c) 9945
(d) 9960
11. What must be added to 581173 to make it exactly
divisible by 11 ?
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 0
(d) 3
12. An even number, total of whose digits is 27, is always
divisible by
(a) 18
(b) 9
(c) 2
(d) 6
13. By what least number 250 must be multiplied to get a
multiple of 15.
(a) 3
(b) 5
(c) 2
(d) 15
14. What is the sum of all numbers between 250 and 550,
which are divisible by 19.
(a) 6635
(b) 6640
(c) 6000
(d) 6695
RMATSuccess Master
28. If both 52 and 73 are factors of the number p 43 72
135 , then what is the least possible value of p ?
(a) 175
(b) 145
(c) 190
(d) 156
29. A worker earns ` 40 the first day and spends ` 25 on the
second day. He earns ` 40 on the third day and spends
` 25 on the fourth day and so on. On which day would he
have ` 100.
(a) 10
(b) 9
(c) 8
(d) 11
30. The sum of two numbers is 85 and their difference is 9.
What is the difference of their squares ?
(a) 765
(b) 845
(c) 565
(d) 645
31. Find the least number, which is exactly divisible by 20,
36 and 128.
(a) 5766
(b) 5760
(c) 5780
(d) 5790
32. Find the greatest four digit number which when divided
by 8, 9 and 11 gives a remainder 7 in each case.
(a) 9504
(b) 9541
(c) 9511
(d) 9527
33. Find the least four digit number which when divided by
5, 6 and 7 gives a remainder 3 in each case.
(a) 1053
(b) 1063
(c) 1073
(d) 1083
34. A shepherd has 324 sheeps, 396 goats and 428 cows. He
wants to arrange them into groups of equal size without
mixing. Find the least number of groups required to
arrange them.
(a) 285
(b) 287
(c) 284
(d) 289
35. The LCM of 69, 115 and a third number is 2760. Their
HCF is 23. Find the third number.
(a) 170
(b) 186
(c) 172
(d) 184
36. A number 475 is divided into two parts in such a way
that the LCM and HCF of the two parts is 2250 and 25
respectively. Find the two numbers.
(a) 250, 225 (b) 200, 275 (c) 175, 300 (d) 240, 235
37. The LCM of two numbers 45 times their HCF one
number is 250 and the sum of their HCF and LCM is
2300. Find the other number.
(a) 400
(b) 450
(c) 460
(d) 420
38. The sum of the first 100 numbers, 1 to 100 is always
divisible by
(a) 2
(b) 2 and 4
(c) 2, 4 and 8
(d) None of these
39. Find the HCF of 36a 2b3 c2,18a3 b2c4 and 12ab4c3 .
(a) 6ab2c2
(b) 12a 2bc
(c) 6a 2bc2
(d) 12ab2c2
40. The length, breadth and height of a room are 6 m 30 cm,
5 m 85 cm and 3 m 60 cm respectively. What will be the
greatest length of a tape which can measure the
dimensions of room exact number of times ?
(a) 45 cm
(b) 50 cm
(c) 60 cm
(d) 40 cm
41. The traffic lights at three different road crossings
change after every 50 s, 75 s and 100 s respectively.If
they start changing simultaneously at 10 am, after how
much time will they change again simultaneously ?
(a) 6 min
(b) 5 min
(c) 3 min
(d) 8 min
10
(d) 48
(d) 120
(d) 10
(d) 10
(d) 82
11
RMATSuccess Master
93. Find the greatest number which will divide 321,428 and
535 exactly.
(a) 105
(b) 107
(c) 109
(d) 102
95. Find the least number of square tiles required to pave the
floor of a room of 4 m 50 cm long and 5 m 25 cm broad.
(a) 40
(b) 42
(c) 36
(d) 38
96. Find the greatest number which will divide 676, 481 and
767 exactly.
(a) 11
(b) 13
(c) 17
(d) 19
99. Find the greatest number that will divide 1196, 209 and
1449 to leave remainders 6,5 and 4 respectively.
(a) 15
(b) 17
(c) 21
(d) 14
100. Find the greatest number that will divide 228, 275 and
321 to leave remainder 3, 5, and 6 respectively.
(a) 45
(b) 36
(c) 42
(d) 39
98. Find the greatest number which divides 121, 134 and
147 leaving 4 as the remainder in each case.
(a) 11
(b) 19
(c) 15
(d) 13
[IP 2009]
(d) 18
[IP 2008]
(b) 999
(d) 998
12
15. A boy was asked to write 25 92, but he wrote 2592. The
numerical difference between the values of 25 92 and
2592 is
[IP 2008]
(a) 0
(b) 1
(c) 2
(d) 3
16. The HCF of 168, 189 and 231 reduced by 8, gives
(a) 13
(b) 14
[IP 2008]
(c) 17
(d) 21
17. Which of the following fractions is less than 7 8 and
[RMAT 2008]
greater than 1 3 ?
(a) 1 4
(b) 23 24
(d) 17 24
(c) 11 12
18. Ashok had to do a multiplication. Instead of taking 35 as
one of the multipliers, he took 53. As a result, the
product went up by 540. What is the new product ?
(a) 1050
(b) 1590
[RMAT 2008]
(c) 1440
(d) None of these
19. If a, b, c are real numbers such that a b + c < 1,
a + b + c > 1 and 9a + 3b + c < 4. What is the sign of a ?
(a) + only
(b) only [MPMET 2008]
(c) + or
(d) cannot say
20. Which of the following is a multiple of 88 ?
(a) 1392578
(b) 138204 [MPMET 2008]
(c) 1436280
(d) 143616
21. How many of the natural numbers from 1 to 1000 have
none of their digits repeated ?
[MPMET 2008]
(a) 589
(b) 585
(c) 738
(d) 739
22. PQ RS D AB
[MPMET 2008]
a3 + b3 + c3
.
abc
[MPMET 2008]
(b) 0
(d) 2
d 17
7. (a) The remainder when 152 is divided by 5 = 2
The remainder when 698 is divided by 5 = 3
Their product = 2 3 = 6
The remainder when 6 is divided by 5 = 1.
8. (c) The remainder when 75 is divided by 4 is 3.
The remainder when 3 3 3 is divided by 4 is 3.
So, the required remainder is 3.
9. (b) 41, 36 and 31 when divided by 15, leave remainders
11, 6 and 1 respectively.
412 363 312 when divided by 15, leaves remainder
112 63 12 = 26136.
As remainder cannot exceed the divisor.
Remainder is 6 ie, remainder obtained on dividing
26136 by 15.
10. (b) The largest four digit number = 9999.
55)9999(181
55
449
440
99
55
44
The required number = 9999 44 = 9955.
11. (a) Sum of digits at add places (from left side)
= 5 + 1 + 7 = 13
18)15763(875
144
136
126
103
90
13
The least number that should be added = (18 13) = 5.
14
18. (b)
36)178669(4963
144
346
324
226
216
109
108
1
The least number that should be subtracted = 1.
19. (a) Quotient when 1000 and 3050 are divided by 24 are
= 41 and 127.
Between 1000 and 3050 there are
127 41 = 86 numbers.
20. (d) Number of prime factors = 11 + 4 + 5 = 20.
21. (b) Let the number be N. N = 225Q + 32 where Q the
quotient can have the values 1, 2, 3, etc.
N = 15 15Q + (15 2) + 2
Divide N by 15, we see that the remainder is 2.
22. (b) In such questions the divisor is r1 + r2 r3 .
Divisor = 35 + 20 15 = 40
X 3
Y 4
X = 7Y + 4
N = 5 (7Y + 4) + 3
= 35Y + 23
If
Y = 1, N = 58
When 58 is divided by 35 the remainder is 23.
26. (b) The greatest five-digit number that can be formed
using the given digits = 74320
The smallest five-digit number that can be formed using
the given digits = 20342.
The required difference = 74320 20342
= 53978
27. (a) Let the number that the boy wanted to multiply be x.
He was expected to find the value of 35 x. Instead, he
found the value of 53x.
The difference between the value that he got and what
he was expected to get is 540.
ie,
53x 35x = 450
x = 30
The new product = 30 53 = 1590.
28. (a) If 52 is a factor of the given number. The number does
not have a power or multiple of 11 as its factor. Hence, P
LCM = 23 3 5 x = 345x
Now,
345x = 2760
x=8
15
RMATSuccess Master
...(i)
...(ii)
(iii)
45. (b) The unit digit in 32545 is the same as that of 545 .
Now, 51 = 5, 52 = 25, 53 = 125, 54 = 625, ........
We see that the unit digit is always 5.
The unit digit in 32545 is 5.
46. (a) The unit digits in the expansion of 31448 is the same
as that of 448.
Now,
41 = 4, 42 = 16 , 43 = 64,44 = 256.
We see that the unit digit in 41 is the same as that in 43 .
So, the unit digit is 448 is the same as is 448 = 6.
47. (b) The daily wages of the worker is the HCF of 1755 and
1365.
HCF of 1755 and 1365 is 195.
The daily wages of the worker is Rs 195.
48. (b) LCM of 16, 18, 20 and 25 = 3600.
1st number = 3600 1 + 4 = 3604 which is not divisible
by 7.
2nd number = 3600 2 + 4 = 7204 which is not divisible
by 7.
3rd number = 3600 3 + 4 = 10804 which is not divisible
by 7.
4th number = 3600 4 + 4 = 14404 which is not divisible
by 7.
5th number = 3600 5 + 4 = 18004 which is divisible
by 7.
There can be 18004 stones.
49. (d) Let the number be x.
2
x + 25 = 45. On solving x = 70
7
50. (c) Let the four numbers be p, q, r and s.
pqr = 385, qrs = 1001
qrs 1001
=
pqr 385
13
=
4
s 13
=
p 5
So,
p = 5 and s = 13.
The required number is 13.
51. (a) Let the numbers be 3x, 5x and 6x.
Now, 3x + 6x = 5x + 16
x=4
So, the smallest number is 3x = 12.
52. (b) Let the number be x and y.
x2 + y2 = 60, x2 y2 = 12
Adding
2x2 = 72
x = 6 and y = 4
Required sum is 10.
53. (c) Let the two numbers be x and x + 1
x (x + 1) = 600
On solving x = 24, so the numbers are 24 and 25.
The sum of their squares is = 242 + 252 = 1201
16
62. (c)
3, 9, 12, 15, 6
3, 9, 6, 15, 3
On solving x = 17
3, 9, 3, 15, 3
1, 3, 1, 5, 1
3x 2 = 19
55. (a)
P + Q + R = 640
...(i)
Q = 70 + P
R = 80 + (70 + P )
On solving, we get Q = Rs 210.
x
56. (b) Let the fraction be
y
x+2 2
=
y 1 3
x+1 1
=
y+2 3
x 2
On solving, we get = .
y 7
...(iii)
1, 1, 1, 1, 1
LCM = 2 2 3 3 5 = 180
63. (a) LCM of given numbers = 23 34 52 72
...(i)
...(ii)
b + 5 = 2 (a 5)
b 5 = a + 5
On solving, we get a = 25.
Then,
...(i)
...(ii)
8, 10, 24
4, 5, 12
2, 5, 6
1, 5, 3
1, 5, 1
1, 1, 1
LCM = 2 2 2 3 5 = 120
40)64(1
40
24)40(1
24
16)24(1
16
8)16(2
16
0
61. (b)
1, 1, 1, 5, 1
...(ii)
HCF = 8
66. (a) Step 1 120)150(1
120
30)120(4
120
0
Step 2 30) 180 (6
180
0
HCF of 30 and 180 is 30.
HCF of 120 and 150 is 30.
The required HCF is 30.
67. (d) 2378)3280(1
2378
902)2378(2
1804
574)902(1
574
328)574(1
328
246)328(1
246
82) 246(3
246
0
The required HCF is 82.
17
RMATSuccess Master
68. (a) HCF = 22 32 5 7 (Take the least powers of
common terms).
HCF of numerator
69. (a) HCF of fraction =
HCF of denominator
HCF of 2, 12, 1
1
=
=
LCM of 5, 11, 3 165
25 5 75
70. (a) LCM = LCM of
,
,
100 10 100
LCM of 25, 5, 75
75
=
=
= 7.5
HCF of 100, 10, 100 10
25 5 75
HCF = HCF of
,
,
100 10 100
HCF of 25, 5, 75
5
=
=
= 0.05
LCM of 100, 10, 100 100
71. (c) Product of (LCM HCF) = Product of 2 numbers
36 HCF = 3024
3024
HCF =
= 84
36
72. (b) Let the HCF = x
6, 15, 10, 27
3, 15, 5, 27
1, 5, 5, 9
1, 5, 5, 3
1, 5, 5, 1
1, 1, 1, 1
LCM = 2 2 3 3 3 5 = 540.
78. (b) Required number = (LCM of 10, 12, 14, 16) 3
2
5, 6, 7, 8
5, 3, 7, 4
5, 3, 7, 2
5, 3, 7, 1
5, 1, 7, 1
1, 1, 7, 1
LCM = 12x
x + 12x = 195
13x = 195
x = 15
HCF = 15 and LCM = (12) (15) = 180.
180 15
Other number =
= 45.
60
73. (d) The two numbers are always the multiples of the
HCF
Let the two numbers are 9x and 9y.
9x + 9 y = 135
x + y = 15
Now, the possible values of x and y are (1, 14), (2, 13),
(3, 12), (4, 11), (5, 10), (6, 9), (7, 8). Now, consider only the
coprime pairs. These are (1, 14), (2, 13), (4, 11), (7, 8).
4 pairs of numbers can be formed whose sum is 135 and
HCF is 9.
74. (b) Let the two numbers be 12x and 12 y.
12x 12 y = 3600
xy = 25
Possible values of x and y are (1, 25) (5, 5).
But (5, 5) are not coprimes.
Only 1 pair of number can be formed.
75. (a) Let HCF = x
LCM = 36x
36x x = 3600
x2 = 100 x = 10
HCF is 10.
76. (a) Let the numbers be 3x and 5x.
LCM is 15x = 600
x = 40
The two numbers are 120 and 200. Sum = 320.
1, 1, 1, 1
LCM = 2 2 2 2 3 5 7 = 168
Required number = 1680 3 = 1677.
79. (d) Required number = (LCM of 9, 12, 15, 18) + 4
2
9, 12, 15, 18
9, 6, 15, 9
9, 3, 15, 9
3, 1, 5, 3
1, 1, 5, 1
1, 1, 1, 1
LCM = 2 2 3 3 5 = 180
Required number = 180 + 4 = 184
80. (a) Required number = (LCM of 12, 15, 20, 24) + 2
2
6, 15, 10, 12
3, 15, 5, 6
1, 5, 5, 2
1, 5, 5, 1
1, 1, 1, 1
LCM = 2 2 2 3 5 = 120
Required number = 120 + 2 = 122
81. (a) Required number = (LCM of 15, 20, 30)
2
15, 20, 30
15, 10, 15
15, 5, 15
3, 1, 3
1, 1, 1
LCM = 2 2 3 5 = 60
18
3, 4, 5, 6, 8
3, 2, 5, 3, 4
3, 1, 5, 3, 2
3, 1, 5, 3, 1
1, 1, 5, 1, 1
1, 1, 1, 1, 1
LCM = 2 2 2 3 5 = 120
120 = 23 3 5
The required perfect square = (23 3 5) 2 3 5
= 3600
83. (b) LCM of 8, 12 and 28 = 168.
2
2
2
3
7
8, 12, 28
4, 6, 14
2, 3, 7
1, 3, 7
1, 1, 7
1, 1, 1
LCM = 2 2 2 3 7 = 168
168)800(4
672
128
The required number = 800 128 = 672
84. (c) LCM of 12, 15 and 20 = 60
2
2
3
5
12, 15, 20
6, 15, 10
3, 15, 5
1, 5, 5
1, 1, 1
LCM = 2 2 3 5 = 60
Now, 12 4 = 8, 15 7 = 8
and
20 12 = 8
So, required number = 60 8 = 52
85. (a) LCM of 5, 6, 7 and 8 = 840
2
2
2
3
5
7
5, 6, 7, 8
5, 3, 7, 4
5, 3, 7, 2
5, 3, 7, 1
5, 1, 7, 1
1, 1, 7, 1
1, 1, 1, 1
LCM = 2 2 2 3 5 7 = 840
Multiples of 840 = 840, 1680, ...........
Required number = 1680 + 3 = 1683
Which is exactly divisible by 9.
86. (a) LCM of 15, 20 and 24 = 120
2
2
2
3
5
15, 20, 24
15, 10, 12
15, 5, 6
15, 5, 3
5, 5, 1
1, 1, 1
LCM = 2 2 2 3 5 = 120
Multiples of 120 = 120, 240, 360, 480, .....
Required number = 360 + 4 = 364
Which is exactly divisible by 13.
87. (c) LCM of 24, 40, 64, 72 are 124 = 2880 s
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
5
LCM = 26 32 5 = 2880
2880
Required time =
= 48 min
60
88. (c) Time taken for 1 revolution
1 1 1 1
min
=
,
,
,
12 25 20 30
LCM of Numerators 1
Required time =
= min
HCF of Denominators 4
1
= 60 = 15 s
4
89. (a) Time taken to complete 1 revolution
12 12 12
h = 4, 3, 2 h
=
,
,
3 4 6
Required time = LCM of 4, 3 and 2 = 12 h.
90. (b) LCM of 48, 72 and 180 = 432 s.
2
2
2
3
3
2
3
19
RMATSuccess Master
The greatest five-digit number = 99999
24)99999(416
96
39
24
159
144
15
So, the required number = 99999 15 = 99984
93. (b) Required number is the HCF of 321, 428 and 535.
Step 1 Find HCF of 321 and 428
321)428(1
321
107)321(3
321
0
HCF of 321 and 428 = 107
Step 2 Find HCF of 107 and 535.
107)535(5
535
0
So, HCF of 321, 428 and 535 = 107.
94. (a) Required measure = HCF of 403, 434 and 465.
Step 1 Find HCF of 403 and 434.
403)434(1
403
31)403(13
31
93
93
0
HCF of 403 and 434 = 31.
450 525
= 42.
75 75
n = 31
2. (a) 8 + 12 = 20 2 + 0 = 2
7 + 14 = 21 2 + 1 = 3
10 + 18 = 28 2 + 8 = 10
7. (a) Perfect square are 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100,
121, .....
Clearly 7 cannot be at units digit.
3. (d) (10 9) = (9 8) = (8 7) = (7 6) = (6 5)
= (5 4) = (4 3) = (3 2) = 1
LCM of 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, = 2520
Required number = 2520 1 = 2519
4. (b) LCM of 8, 11, and 24 = 264
Required number = 264 5 = 259
27 n = 63 9
63 9
n=
= 21
27
20
2592 2592 = 0
16. (a) HCF of 168, 189, 231 is 21.
Then, difference between 21 8 = 13.
7
1
17. (d)
= 0. 875, = 0. 333,
8
3
1
23
= 0. 25,
= 0. 958
4
24
11
17
= 0. 916,
= 0. 708
12
24
Clearly, 0.708 lies between 0.333 and 0.875.
17
.
Required fraction is
24
18. (b) Suppose one of the multiplier is x then,
53x 35x = 540
18x = 540
x = 30
New multiplication = 30 53 = 1590 .
19. (b) Let us rearrange the equations :
a b+ c=1k
a + b + c = 1 + l
9 a + 3 b + c = 4 m
Where k, l, m are positive.
Suppose and are two numbers such that in the
expression, 9a + 3b + c + (a b + c) + (a + b + c), the
terms b and c vanish.
+ = 3
+ = 1
4
=
= 2 and = 1
2
Hence, 9a + 3b + c + 1 (a b + c) 2 (a + b + c)
= 9a + 3b + c + a b + c 2a 2b 2c
= 8 a = 4 m + 1 k + 2 2 l = 1 k m 2 l
which is less than 0, since k, m and l are all + ve.
a <0
Its sign is ve only.
20. (d) Only 143616 is a multiple of both 11 and 8 so it is a
multiple of 88.
21. (c) We have to consider all the one-digit, two-digit and
three-digit numbers and see how many of these have
distinct digits.
(i) One-digit numbers, 1 to 9 are all distinct.
(ii) Two-digit numbers, tens place cannot be filled by 0.
Hence, 9 possibilities. Having filled that, 8
possibilities for the units place and also zero.
Hence, 9 9 = 81 numbers are possible.
=3.
abc
25. (d) LCM of a x and by
Since, a and b are distinct primes there is no common
factor.
Hence,
LCM = a x by .
26. (c) The thousands place can be filled by 3 only. Then, the
hundreds place can be filled in 5 ways , the tens place in
4 ways and the units place in 3 ways.
Total number of ways is 1 5 4 3 or 60.
27. (c) Let the two numbers are 7x and 8x and LCM is 56x.
It is given that LCM = 280
ie,
56x = 280 and x = 5
ie,
Numbers are 35 and 40 .
28. (a) From the given options
Required number = 39
29. (b) LCM of 12, 15, 18 = 180
So, required number = 180 5 = 175
30. (d) LCM of 8, 10, 12 and 15 = 20
We know that 83 120 = 9960
and
84 120 = 10080
So, 9960 is the required number.
31. (c)
4a 4 = 2a 2
8a 6 = 2a 2