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American National Standards Institute

The American National Standards Institute is a private non-profit organization that oversees the
development of voluntary consensus standards for products, services, processes, systems, and
personnel in the United States. The organization also coordinates U.S. standards with
international standards so that American products can be used worldwide. ANSI accredits
standards that are developed by representatives of other standards organizations, government
agencies, consumer groups, companies, and others. These standards ensure that the
characteristics and performance of products are consistent, that people use the same definitions
and terms, and that products are tested the same way. ANSI also accredits organizations that
carry out product or personnel certification in accordance with requirements defined in
international standards. The organization's headquarters are in Washington, DC. ANSI's
operations office is located in New York City. The ANSI annual operating budget is funded by
the sale of publications, membership dues and fees, accreditation services, fee-based
programs, and international standards programs.

IEC The International Electrotechnical Commission

Logotype of the IEC.

The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC; in French: Commission lectrotechnique
internationale (CEI)) is a non-profit, non-governmental international standards organization that
prepares and publishes International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related
technologies collectively known as "electrotechnology". IEC standards cover a vast range of
technologies from power generation, transmission and distribution to home appliances and
office equipment, semiconductors, fibre optics, batteries, solar energy, nanotechnology and
marine energy as well as many others. The IEC also manages three global conformity
assessment systems that certify whether equipment, system or components conform to its
International Standards. The IEC charter embraces all electrotechnologies including energy

production and distribution, electronics, magnetics and electromagnetics, electroacoustics,

multimedia, telecommunication and medical technology, as well as associated general
disciplines such as terminology and symbols, electromagnetic compatibility (by its Advisory
Committee on Electromagnetic Compatibility, ACEC), measurement and performance,
dependability, design and development, safety and the environment.

Deutsches Institut fr Normung

Logo of the German Institute for Standardization.

Deutsches Institut fr Normung e.V. (DIN; in English, the German Institute for Standardization)
is the German national organization for standardization and is the German ISO member body.
DIN is a Registered German Association (e.V.) headquartered in Berlin. There are currently
around thirty thousand DIN Standards, covering nearly every field of technology.
Founded in 1917 as the Normenausschu der deutschen Industrie (NADI, "Standardisation
Committee of German Industry"), the NADI was renamed Deutscher Normenausschu (DNA,
"German Standardisation Committee") in 1926 to reflect that the organization now dealt with
standardization issues in many fields; viz., not just for industrial products. In 1975 it was
renamed again to Deutsches Institut fr Normung, or 'DIN' and is recognized by the German

government as the official national-standards body, representing German interests at the

international and European levels.
The acronym, 'DIN' is often incorrectly expanded as Deutsche Industrienorm ("German Industry
Standard"). This is largely due to the historic origin of the DIN as "NADI". The NADI indeed
published their standards as DI-Norm (Deutsche Industrienorm). For example, the first
published standard was 'DI-Norm 1' (about tapered pins) in 1918. Many people still mistakenly
associate DIN with the old DI-Norm naming convention.
One of the earliest, and probably the best known, is DIN 476 the standard that introduced
the A-series paper sizes in 1922 adopted in 1975 as International Standard ISO 216.
Common examples in modern technology include DIN and mini-DINconnectors for electronics.