4140HW Alloy Steel Technical Data

4140HW meets AISI4140 standards and has improved hardenability and strength in heavier cross-sections.

Alloy Description
TimkenSteels 4140HW grade is a fine-grained, low-alloy steel that offers
optimum heat-treat response in heavier cross-sections. You find 4140HW in a
variety of bar and tubing applications in quenched and tempered conditions.
Yield strengths range from 110 ksi through 140 ksi, but we can temper it to
other strength levels. When compared with standard 4140 heat treated to
the same tensile and yield strengths, 4140HW achieves significantly higher
toughness, as measured by impact strength (see Figure 9).
4140HW combines medium carbon content with high-end chromium,
molybdenum, and manganese contents to improve hardenability. We add
trace amounts of vanadium to increase temper resistance. Other residual
elements are also added, but controlled within AISI4140 standard limits.
A grain structure enhances toughness at all strength levels.
We produce 4140HW using the electric-arc furnace method. After the
melting process, we transfer the molten steel to a ladle refiner for alloy
adjustments and vacuum de-gassing. By performing argon stirring under
a near-perfect vacuum, we remove impurities and harmful gases. This
melting and refining process path reduces levels of tramp elements such
as phosphorus and sulfur. A subsequent calcium treatment spheroidizes
remaining manganese sulfides. The melt-and-refine approach optimizes

strength and toughness properties in

both the longitudinal and transverse
directions of the final product.
After refining the steel, we teem it into
large bottom-poured ingot molds or
continuously cast into large blooms.
We can roll these ingots or blooms
into solid rounds for machining and
forging or for conversion into seamless
mechanical tubing.

Alloy Type
Hardenable, low alloy steel.

Typical Applications
Oil and gas drilling and completion
equipment such as packers, liner
hanger components, drilling jars
and fishing tools.

Procedure and Results

Chemistry
C

Mn

Si

Cr

Ni

Mo

Typical 4140HW

0.41

0.98

0.32

1.07

0.15

0.22

Typical 4140

0.42

0.97

0.27

1.04

0.13

0.18

AISI 4140
Standard Limits

0.38/
0.43

0.75/
1.00

0.15/
.35

0.80/
1.10

0.15/
0.25

Physical Properties
Value (units)
Density

0.284 lb/in3 (7.85 g/cm3)

Thermal Conductivity

296 BTU-in/hr-ft2-F (0.106 cal-cm/s-cm2-C) at 212F (100C)

Specific Heat

0.114 Btu/lb/F (0.16 cal/g/C) at 122-212F (50-100C)

Thermal Expansion
Coefficient

6.78 8.11 in/in-F (12.2 14.6 m/m-K) at 68-212F (20-100C)

Modulus of Elasticity

29.7 x 103 ksi (205 GPa)

Poissons Ratio

0.29

Mechanical Properties
Hardness

See Figure 1

Tensile

See Figure 2 and Figure 3

Charpy V-notch Impact

See Figure 5 and Figure 6

Heat Treatment
Temperatures
Normalize

1600 1700F (871 927C),

Forced air cool prior to harden/temper

Quench and Temper

Austenitize 1600 1650F (871 899C), Liquid quench,

Temper to desired strength

Hardenability
Jominy Hardenability

See Figure 10

CCT/IT phase transformations

See Figure 7 and Figure 8

Workability
Hot Forgability

Forge up to 2250F (1230C)

Other Properties
High-Temperature Properties

See Figure 4

Figure 1 (Hardness vs. Tempering)

This data generated in a laboratory shows the effect of tempering temperature
on midwall hardness for 1.25" and 2" wall tubing. Austenitized at
1625F (885C) and water quenched. Soak time of approximately
60 minutes at temper temperature.

Figure 2 (Strength vs. Tempering)

This data generated in a laboratory shows the effect of tempering on strength
for 1.25" and 2" wall tubing. Austenitized at 1625F (885C) and water quenched.
Soak time of approximately 60 minutes at temper temperature.

Figure 3 (Ductility vs. Tempering)

This data generated in a laboratory shows the effect of tempering on the
elongation and reduction of area for 1.25" and 2" wall tubing. Austenitized at
1625F (885C) and water quenched. Soak time of approximately
60 minutes at temper temperature.

Figure 4 (Hot Tensile)

This data generated in a laboratory shows high temperature strength of 4140HW
for 1.25" - 2" wall tubing. Austenitized at 1625F (885C) and water quenched.

Figure 5 (L-CVN vs. Tempering)

This data generated in a laboratory shows the effect of tempering on the
longitudinal impact energy (Charpy V-Notch) for 1.25" and 2" wall tubing
tested at -4F. Austenitized at 1625F (885C) and water quenched.
Soak time of approximately 60 minutes at temper temperature.

Figure 6 (T-CVN vs. Tempering)

This data generated in a laboratory shows the effect of tempering on the
transverse impact energy (Charpy V-Notch) for 1.25" and 2" wall tubing tested at
+32F. Austenitized at 1625F (885C) and water quenched.
Soak time of approximately 60 minutes at temper temperature.

Figure 7 (CCT Curve)

Predicted isothermal and continuous cooling transformation diagrams
for 4140HW calculated with Thermo-Calc.

Figure 8 (CCT Curve)

Predicted isothermal and continuous cooling transformation diagrams
for 4140 calculated with Thermo-Calc.

Figure 9 (Mechanical Properties for 4140 and 4140HW)

The data represents a mechanical property comparison of several
4140 and 4140HW heats.

Figure 10 (Jominy Hardenability Curve for 4140 and 4140HW)

The data represents an average of Jominy results from several
4140 and 4140HW heats.

For more information, visit www.timkensteel.com or call us

at 866.284.6536 (USA), +44 (0) 116 2325186 (Europe),
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