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20.

This chart illustrates

the growth of trade
a.

b.
c.
d.

the feudal system

the chivalric code
the bourgeoisie

All merchants shall have safe and secure exit from England, and entry to England, with
the right to tarry there and to move about as well by land as by water, for buying and
selling by the ancient and right customs, quit from all evil tolls, except (in time of war)
such merchants as are of the land at war with us. And if such are found in our land at the
beginning of the war, they shall be detained, without injury to their bodies or goods, until
information be received by us or by our chief justiciar how the merchants of our land
found in the land at war with us are treated; and if our men are safe there, the others
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shall be safe in our land.
from The Magna Carta, 1215

22.
a.
b.
c.
d.

During times of war, foreign merchants were

allowed to travel freely if Englands merchants were also allowed to travel freely.
held as prisoners of war with their goods confiscated to pay for the war.
forced to leave immediately.
executed because they could be spies.

03
The Granger Collection, NYC/All rights reserved.

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27.

The implement shown in this image most likely

was used most in the winter.
a.

b.
c.
d.

was made of wood and steel.

belonged to the community.
was very lightweight.

39. No freemen shall be taken or imprisoned or disseised or exiled or in any way destroyed, nor will we
go upon him nor send upon him, except by the lawful judgment of his peers or by the law of the land.
40. To no one will we sell, to no one will we refuse or delay, right or justice. . . .
52. If anyone has been dispossessed or removed by us, without the legal judgment of his peers, from
his lands, castles, franchises, or from his right, we will immediately restore them to him...
55. All fines made with us unjustly and against the law of the land, and all amercements, imposed
unjustly and against the law of the land, shall be entirely remitted
from The Magna Carta, 1215

46.

What did item 55 of the Magna Carta guarantee to the subjects of King John?

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What did the Christian armies accomplish during the Fourth Crusade? Did the Crusade help to
advance the stated goals of the campaign? How does the information on the map reflect this information?

49.

39. No freemen shall be taken or imprisoned or disseised or exiled or in any way

destroyed, nor will we go upon him nor send upon him, except by the lawful judgment of
his peers or by the law of the land.
40. To no one will we sell, to no one will we refuse or delay, right or justice. . . .
52. If anyone has been dispossessed or removed by us, without the legal judgment of his
peers, from his lands, castles, franchises, or from his right, we will immediately restore
them to him...
55. All fines made with us unjustly and against the law of the land, and all amercements,
imposed unjustly and against the law of the land, shall be entirely remitted
from The Magna Carta, 1215

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The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against
unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but
upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the
place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.
United States Constitution, Amendment 4, 1846

Compare item 52 from the Magna Carta to this quote from United States Constitution. How are
these two similar?

50.

Answer these questions.

55. Describe the elements of the feudal contract for both vassal and lord.

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Answer Key
1. vernacular
2. The Canterbury Tales
3. Saint Thomas Aquinas
4. Gothic
5. university
6. c
7. e
8. a
9. b
10. d
11. e
12. a
13. b
14. d
15. c
16. d
17. c
18. c
19. d
20. b
21. b
22. a
23. a
24. d
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25. b
26. c
27. c
28. d
29. a
30. b
31. b
32. b
33. a
34. a
35. b
36. c
37. b
38. d
39. a
40. a
41. d
42. b
43. b
44. b
45. d
46. This item prevents people from being unfairly fined or taxed.
47. A fief was a grant of land that a lord gave to a vassal. The vassal held political authority over and was
responsible for protection of this grant of land.

48. Martin is one of the crusaders who was present at the sack of Constantinople in 1204. He sees others
stealing valuable items and wants to be able to get something too.
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49. During the Fourth Crusade, the armies got entangled in a power struggle in the Byzantine Empire and
ended by sacking the city of Constantinople. The Venetian crusaders supported the fighting because they
wanted to weaken their greatest business competitor. No gains were made in the Christians holy war.
The map shows that the Crusade departed from Venice and ended in Constantinople, without ever
reaching any Muslim-held territories.

50. Amendment 4 is almost the same as item 52. Both guarantee that the property of a person could not
be taken away without just cause.

51. The grandsons of Charlemagne divided the kingdom and power was decentralized, leaving Europe open
to Viking invasions.

52. The words on condition and as it was in our agreement show that this was a contract. This contract
was most likely between a lord and vassal.

53. Henry says that his power as king comes from God. He means that his right to appoint clergymen was
given to him by God and that his powers are not just worldly but spiritual as well.

54. He is angry because Gregory has claimed that kings have no right to appoint high-ranking church
officials. The dispute is called the Investiture Controversy.

55. A complete answer should include (1) the major obligation of a vassal to his lord was to perform

military service (2) a vassal had to appear at his lords court to give advice to the lord. (3) Vassals were
responsible for making financial payments to the lord on a number of occasions as well. (4) The major
obligation of a lord to a vassal was to grant the vassal land. (5) However, the lord was also required to
protect his vassal, either by defending him militarily or by taking his side in a dispute.

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