HINDUSTAN COLLEGE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

FARAH ,MATHURA(U.P.)
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

FINAL YEAR PROJECT(2011-12)

Project Synopsis
PROJECT NAME:- Design and Construction
of Check Dam for Irrigation and Recharge
of Ground water at Khari Nadi,
GWALIOR Road (NH-3),Agra
SUBMITTED T0:Sr.Faculty R.S.Jurel
Civil Engg Dept
Project Members:
1)Rituraj Rastogi(0806400083)
2)Ashish Mehrotra(0806400033)
3)Pankaj Yadav(0806400066)
4)Aditya Sharma(0806400006)
5)Roopesh Kumar(0806400086)

INTRODUCTION
Khari river which flows through village Kurra
Chittarpur, Block-Shamsabad, Distt.-Agra (U.P).The Khari Nadi
is also a tributary of Utangan draining the parts of Kiraoli and
Shamshabad tehsils.
Many villages are dependent on the water of Khari river
for general water requirement for cattle as well as irrigation.
Village Kurra Chittarpur is one of them. Since the climate of this
area is warm and the ground water table is falling down at fast
rate, it has been mandatory to construct some project to
recharge the ground water table and store the water to provide
water to villagers and farmers for domestic and irrigation
purposes.
For fulfilling the above requirement it has been
proposed to construct a check dam at river Khari in village
Kurra-Chittarpur. On the basis of preliminary survey this site
has been found most suitable since no cultivated land will be
required and there will be no loss to any farmer so far. On
completion this dam will ensure the availability of water for the
proposed area for irrigation throughout the year.
Hence, under above circumstances check dam project
has been selected under name project for construction of
check dam at Khari river, Village-Kurra-Chittarpur, BlockShamsabad , District-Agra (U.P).

DETAILS OF PROJECT AREA

This site for proposed check dam under this
project is actual site on which construction of check dam
is proposed by MINOR IRRIGATION DEPARTMENT of
Agra. During financial year 2011-12 the selection of site
was done by MINOR IRRIGATION DEPARTMENT,
Agra and the survey of the site has been done with
assistance of Minor Irrigation Department, Agra in which
following details have been prepared1)L-section of the site.
2)Cross-section of the site.
3)Catchment Area of the site

These details are enclosed with this project

report.With the help of this data the maximum
discharge for design purpose by different
formulaes has been calculated and given below.

I)Location of site
NAME OF PROJECT:CONSTRUCTION OF CHECK DAM
VILLAGE:KURRA CHITTARPUR
BLOCK:-SHAMSABAD
DISIT:-AGRA
NAME OF RIVER:-KHARI
WITH ASSISTANCE FROM:MINOR IRRIGATION DEPARTMENT(U.P.)

A)Site plan

B)Location on Survey of India map

(copy of survey India map included )

C)Photographs

Image-1:proposed site khari Nadi

Image-2:proposed site khari Nadi

Image-3:proposed site khari Nadi

II)Basic Details
Catchment Area
Slope of river bed
Cross section area
Wetted perimeter

474 sq km
0.0006
48.3 sq m
23.43 m

Types of Soil
Left Bank
Right bank
Bed

- Alluvial soil
- Alluvial soil
- Alluvial Soil

III)Catchment Area Deatails

The drainage system of the area is controlled by the river Yamuna and
its tributaries. All the rivers are mainly flowing in accordance with the
general slope of the land surface viz. northwest to southwest, therefore it
is consequent type and broadly exhibiting the Dendritic type of drainage
pattern. The main southern bank tributaries of Yamuna river are
Utangan or Gambhir & Khari.
The KhariNadi is also a tributary of Utangan draining the parts of Kiraoli
and Shamshabad tehsils.

III)CL IMATE
The climate of Agra features a semi-arid climate that
borders on a humid subtropical climate. The city features mild winters,
hot and dry summers and a monsoon season.However the monsoons,
though substantial in Agra, are not quite as heavy as themonsoon in
other parts of India. Agra has a reputation of being one of the hottest
towns in India; hottest in terms of both, tourist destination as well as
temperature. In summers the city witnesses a sudden surge
in temperature and at times, mercury go beyond even 46C mark. The
humidity is appalling and is sure to leave you puffing and panting. During
the summers, the daytime temperature hovers around 40-46C. Nights
are relatively cooler and mercury dips to a comfortable 30C. It rains
scantly during the monsoons as Agra falls in a semi-arid region. The
annual average rainfall never goes beyond 400 millimeters. Winters are
bit chilly but are the best time to visit Agra. The minimum temperature
sometimes goes as low as 2-3C but usually hovers in the range of 78C. Days are pleasant and best to roam around the historical
city.Winter is the best season to visit Agra, when days are warm and
sunny and ideal for sightseeing.

Factors:The monsoon and the Western Disturbance are the two main factors
which alter the weather over Agra; otherwise, Continental air prevails for
rest of the year, like most cities of North western India, the weather and
climate of Agra is extreme and tropical in nature. Following are the main
factors that influence the weather over Agra city.
Western Disturbances mostly occur during the winter months and
cause light to moderate showers, temperature also decreases due to it.
Southwest Monsoon occurs in summer from the month of June till
September. Monsoon rains bring much awaited relief from the scorching
heat. These monsoon rains are quite heavy by nature and can cause
significant flooding.
Continental air prevails during the period when there is no precipitation
in Agra.

Monthly weather conditions:Like other cities, Agra has four seasons: winter (DecFeb), summer (May-Sept), autumn (Oct-Nov) and spring (March-April).
The monsoon season occurs in the summer. The following is a monthly
summary of climatic conditions in Agra based on data from the India
Meteorological Department.

January
The month of January is the coldest month of the city, Western
Disturbance also occur in this month coming from Northern Pakistan.
The highest temperature recorded was 26.1 C (79.0 F) in 1932. The
lowest temperature recorded was 5.3 C (41.5 F) in 2000 and the
highest monthly rainfall recorded was 51.8 millimetres (2.04 in) in 1947.

February
Cold conditions continue until the middle of February, after that the
weather becomes settled and pleasant. Winter showers also occur in
this month. The highest temperature recorded was 29.1 C (84.4 F) in
1993. The lowest temperature recorded was 7.1 C (44.8 F) in 1932
and the highest monthly rainfall recorded was 506.2 millimetres (19.93
in) in 1980.

March
Hot and dry weather returns during March. The Highest temperature
recorded was 35.4 C (95.7 F) in 1994. The lowest temperature
recorded was 10.7 C (51.3 F) in 2000 and the highest monthly rainfall
recorded was 45.7 millimetres (1.80 in) in 1944.

April
Temperatures start to rise in this month. The highest temperature
recorded was 41.1 C (106.0 F) in 1921. The lowest temperature
recorded was 16.4 C (61.5 F) in 1999 and the highest monthly rainfall
recorded was 61.8 millimetres (2.43 in) in 1984.

May
May is the hottest month of Agra city. The highest temperature recorded
was 44.6 C (112.3 F) in 1921. The lowest temperature recorded was
18.6 C (65.5 F) in 1999 and the highest monthly rainfall recorded was
62.0 millimetres (2.44 in) in 1987.

June
It remains hot but during the middle or end of June pre-monsoon
showers can start. The highest temperature recorded was 43.3 C
(109.9 F) in 1924. The lowest temperature recorded was 17.5 C (63.5

F) in 1999 and the highest monthly rainfall recorded was 355.8

millimetres (14.01 in) in 1952.

July
Monsoon season starts in July. The highest temperature recorded was
40.7 C (105.3 F) in 1911. The lowest temperature recorded was 19.6
C (67.3 F) in 2000 and highest monthly rainfall recorded was 551.2
millimetres (21.70 in) in 1994.

August
August is the wettest month of Agra city. The highest temperature
recorded was 37.4 C (99.3 F) in 1987. The lowest temperature
recorded was 16.7 C (62.1 F) in 1999 and the highest monthly rainfall
recorded was 617.7 millimetres (24.32 in) in 1957.

September
The intensity of rainstorm decreases in the month of September as
monsoon starts to withdraw. The highest temperature recorded was 38.4
C (101.1 F) in 1913. The lowest temperature recorded was 17.1 C
(62.8 F) in 1999 and highest monthly rainfall recorded was 609.0
millimetres (23.98 in) in 1939.

October
Post-monsoon rains could occur in this month. The highest temperature
recorded was 36.1 C (97.0 F) in 1993. The lowest temperature
recorded was 14.6 C (58.3 F) in 1999 and the Highest monthly rainfall
recorded was 268.7 millimetres (10.58 in) in 1911.

November
It is the driest month of the city. The highest temperature recorded was
30.7 C (87.3 F) in 1987. The lowest temperature recorded was 8.0 C
(46.4 F) in 1999 and the highest monthly rainfall recorded was 75.9
millimetres (2.99 in) in 1969.

December
Winter season begins in this month. The highest temperature recorded
was 25.8 C (78.4 F) in 1992. The lowest temperature recorded was 3.7
C (38.7 F) in 1999 and the highest monthly rainfall recorded was 62.6
millimetres (2.46 in) in 1967.

Impact of climate change

Due to the threat posed by global warming, the pollution has been
turning the Taj Mahal into yellow in colour. To help control the pollution,
the Indian government has set up the Taj Trapezium Zone (TTZ), a
unknown operator: u','-square-kilometer (unknown operator:
u'strong'unknown operator: u','sq mi) area around the monument
where strict emissions standards are in place.

IV)Topography and important features of

area
The area of agra district occupies marginal alluvial plane of
Yamuna and Chambal rivers.The area is more or less flat and
gentle sloping from northwest to southeast. Altitude of the area
genrally varies from 120 to 190 mamsl. The alluvial plain covers
the entire part of our project area i.e shamsabad and is
characterized by more or less flat topography. It is a tract of
fertile land mainly constituted of clay, silt, sand and gravel.

Agriculture Production in District Agra

http://agra.nic.in/agriprod.htm

S.No.

Name of Crop

Year

Wheat

2002-03

129700

428284

32.99

Barley

2002-03

9806

31122

30.89

Gram

2002-03

1886

7447

10.47

Peas

2002-03

308

638

16.66

Masoor

2002-03

42

586

9.75

Arhar

2002-03

959

3422

8.52

Rai/Mustard

2002-03

55055

90695

11.88

Rice

2002-03

858

1900

16.75

Corn

2002-03

111

518

11.77

10

Bajra

2002-03

254

154781

15.93

Source : ZSP-2004 Agra

Area
Production
(In Productivity (In
Covered (In Thousand Metric Quintal/ Hect.)
Hect.)
Tons)

V)Area Statistics of District Agra

About Agra:
Agra (located27 10 48 N, 78 1 12 E) is a city on the banks of the river
Yamuna in the northern state of Uttar Pradesh, India, 363 kilometres
(226 mi) west of state capital, Lucknow and 200 kilometres south from
national capital New Delhi. With a population of 1,686,976 (2010 est.),
Agra's
Taj Mahal is one of the most famous buildings in the world, the
mausoleum of Shah Jahan's favorite wife, Mumtaz Mahal. It is one of
the New Seven Wonders of the world, and one of three World Heritage
Sites in Agra.
it is one of the most populous cities in Uttar Pradesh and the 19th most
populous in India because 80 percent of the city's sewage flows into
Yamuna River, it is 20th most polluted city in India. Agra can also refer
to the administrative district that has its headquarters in Agra city.
The geographical features of the study area may be
classified broadly into human and physical characteristics. The
physiography, drainage, climate and soils are the main physical feature.
Whereas the land use, agriculture, irrigation and pollution are the basic
subjects under the human geographical features.
The area of Agra district occupies marginal alluvial plain of Yamuna and
Chambal river. The area is more less flat gently sloping from northwest
to southwest. The altitude of the area generally varies from 120 to 190
mamsl. Geomarphologically the entire study area may be divided into
four unit s viz. Alluvial pains, Ravines, Structural valley and structural
hills. The Alluvial plain covers the major part of the district and its
characterised by more or less flat topography with the landform like dry
river beds, older meanders, meanders scar and oxbow lakes. It is a tract
of fertile land mainly constituted of clay, silt, sand, gravel and
secondarily developed kankar concretions.

SOILS:
The soils of the area exhibits great variance mainly due to the influence
of different river and variation in provenance of sediments. On the basis
of constitution, physical & chemical properties and texture, the soils of
the district may be classified may broadly into the six main categories.
Agra-1 Type Soils:
Agra-1 Type Soils are occurring adjacent the bank of Yamuna in
Agra, Fatehabad, Etmadpur and Bah tehsils. It has coarse sandy texture
and grey texture to ash grey colour.
Agra -2 Type Soils:
Agra -2 Type Soils are occurring in undulating topographical
upland of karaoli, Khiragarh and Fatehabad tehsils. It is light texture
brownish to yellowish coloured soil and dry in appearance. Jwar, Bjra,
and Arhar are the main crops grown in this soil.

Agra -3 Type Soils:

Agra -3 Type Soils are mainly occurring in uneven to plain region
along Khari river. This type soil is loamy to clayey loam texture, grey
brown coloured soil of good granular structure with occasional
occurrence of Kankar pan.
Agra -4 Type Soils:
Agra -4 Type Soils mainly occurs in the depression, and has been
insignificantly found in the area of study. It generally fine textured very
hard & compact grey to dark greyin colour.
Agra -5 Type Soils:
Agra -5 Type Soils has been developed in ravenous tracts of
Chambal river in Bah tehsil. It is fine textured, black coloured soil of
highly calcareous nature, and generally develops numerous cracks &
fissures on drying.
Agra -6 Type Soils:
Soil is mainly found in south &southwestern corners of Khairagarh
in parts of Kiraoli tehsils. It generally occurs adjacent rocky out crops
near Fatehpur Sikri and is comprised of mainly undecomposedroky
fragments of sand stones. This reddish brown soil is sandy in texture.

Area statics data of distt. Agra

Sr. No.

Name Of
Blocks
2

Total
Area

Net Sawn Gross Sawn

Area
Area

Net Irrigated
Area

398970
398970
398970

283363
282239
284308

410000
414221
416275

249982
253895
256444

266157
270547
278796

29335

24887

36493

24094

26262

2.

Fathehpur
sikri
Achanera

28204

23263

35957

22099

25855

3.

Akola

17133

14097

21531

13785

15845

4.

Bicthpuri

11927

6493

9527

6326

7549

5.

Barauli Ahir

23988

17520

28955

17510

19988

6.

Khandauli

21593

17327

25373

16768

17992

7.

Ethmabad

22070

19217

28728

18988

20491

8.

Jagner

29276

20112

24290

14718

14778

9.

Kheragarh

24782

20100

27733

18603

19846

10.

Sainya

23252

19499

26997

18001

18603

11.

Shamsabad

26183

22839

35027

20614

23552

12.

Fatehabad

34046

25068

39686

22276

23991

13.

Pinahat

28940

16814

21758

12517

12364

14.

Bah

27116

16165

24287

13300

13180

15.

Jaitpur Kalan

30566

14528

20965

10784

12541

TOTAL OF
RURAL

378411

277929

407307

250383

272337

TOTAL OF
URBAN

20559

6379

8968

6061

6459

398970

284308

416275

256444

278796

2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
2008-09/
Block -wise
1.

TOTAL OF
DISTRICT

Gross
Irrigated
Area
7

VI)Stage of groundwater Development of the

Area(U.P.) year 2009
Sr.no Development Fall in
block
groundwater
level pre
monsoon
(yes/no)

Fall in
groundwater
level post
monsoon
(yes/no)

Groundwater
usage (%)

Category

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

No
Yes
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
NO
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes

73.40
179.16
68.18
161.12
115.81
84.37
88.53
113.56
89.27
45.40
118.29
80.49
52.26
99.07
139.53
100.56

Semi critical
Overexploited
Safe
Overexploited
Overexploited
Semi Critical
Semi Critical
Overexploited
Semi Critical
Safe
Overexploited
Semi critical
Safe
Critical
overexploited

Achnera
Akola
Bah
Barauli Ahir
Bichpuri
Etmadpur
Fatehabad
Fatehpur Sikri
Jagner
Jaitpur Kalan
Khandoli
Khairagarh
Pinahat
Saiyan
Shamsabad
Total

No
Yes
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
No
No
Yes
Yes

As We see that in the 15th number that our area of project i.e
shamsabad is over exploited, so we need to take necessary actions to
maintain the groundwater level and recharge it.So we need to
construct a check dam on khari river(which is a prime source of water
in the village.

VII)Area irrigated by Different Sources

Sr. No.

Year/
Blocks

Naher Tube
wells

Well Ponds
s

Others TOTAL

Self

3
30930
30151
29473

State
Govt.
4
5656
7247
3086

5
211645
216028
223359

6
1015
0
0

7
577
424
329

8
159
45
197

9
249982
253859
256444

Fathehpur
sikri

6948

16920

29

197

24094

2.

Achanera

8083

13953

63

22099

3.

Akola

2585

11144

56

13785

4.

Bicthpuri

1275

5051

6326

5.

Barauli Ahir

1173

16337

17510

6.

Khandauli

16768

16768

7.

Ethmabad

180

18808

18988

8.

Jagner

453

14218

47

14718

9.

Kheragarh

4319

14150

134

18603

10..

Sainya

593

17408

18001

11.

Shamsabad

408

42

20164

20614

12.

Fatehabad

22276

22276

13.

Pinahat

1055

1439

10023

12517

14.

Bah

711

945

11644

13300

15.

Jaitpur
Kalan

1017

600

9167

10784

28800

3026

281031

329

197

250383

673

60

5328

6061

2006-07
2007-08
2008-09

BLOCKS
2008-09
1.

TOTAL OF
RURAL
TOTAL OF
URBAN

VIII)Proposed Project
We Can see that the Shamsabad Block of Agra
District is over exploited in terms of stage groundwater
development. The area is known for its various crop produce in
huge amount and the irrigation source for e.g. construction of
deep wells and tube wells have now been stopped/banned by
the irrigation department of the state because of the decline in
water level. So the only way to recharge groundwater and
provide water for irrigation purposes and other purposes is the
construction of a check dam at a proper site which would yield
water supply round the year which could be used for irrigation
of crops as well as domestic purpose for villagers.
This check dam will also be used for purpose of
storage of water for irrigation of cultivated land during dry
season, reduce scarcity of water during summer season and to
imply rain water harvesting.

IX)Cross Section and L-section

Cross section table
sr no
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44

Distance
IS
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22

HI
0.06
0.04
0.09
-1.14
0.06
0.16
0.27
0.35
0.46
0.55
0.66
0.84
1.12
1.25
1.54
1.8
2.37
3.25
4.1
3.66
4.57
4.31
3.45
2.38
2.08
1.98
1.86
1.81
1.72
1.67
0.91
0.83
0.74
0.64
0.53
0.46
0.37
0.24
0.2
0.12
0.07
-1.28
0
-0.02

RL
100.82
100.82
100.82
100.82
100.82
100.82
100.82
100.82
100.82
100.82
100.82
100.82
100.82
100.82
100.82
100.82
100.82
100.82
100.82
100.82
100.82
100.82
100.82
100.82
100.82
100.82
100.82
100.82
100.82
100.82
100.82
100.82
100.82
100.82
100.82
100.82
100.82
100.82
100.82
100.82
100.82
100.82
100.82
100.82

100.76
100.78
100.73
101.96
100.76
100.66
100.55
100.47
100.36
100.27
100.16
99.98
99.7
99.57
99.28
99.02
98.45
97.57
96.72
97.16
96.25
96.51
97.37
98.44
98.74
98.84
98.96
99.01
99.1
99.15
99.91
99.99
100.08
100.18
100.29
100.36
100.45
100.58
100.62
100.7
100.75
102.1
100.82
100.84

L- section table
s.no
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36

distance HI
I.S.R.B
IS.L.B
I.S Bed
RL RB
RLLB
RL BED
400
100.82
0.59
0.43
4.79
100.23
100.39
96.03
300
100.82
0.36
0.34
4.72
100.46
100.48
96.1
200
100.82
0.33
0.36
4.66
100.49
100.46
96.16
100
100.82
0.22
0.32
4.62
100.6
100.5
96.2
0
100.82
0.07
0.27
4.57
100.75
100.55
96.25
100
100.82
0.09
0.3
4.5
100.73
100.52
96.32
200
100.82
0.17
0.15
4.47
100.65
100.67
96.35
300
100.82
0.22
0.41
4.42
100.6
100.41
96.4
400
101.34
0.7
0.61
4.95
100.64
100.73
96.39
500
101.34
0.48
0.58
4.86
100.86
100.76
96.48
600
101.34
0.36
0.4
4.76
100.98
100.94
96.58
700
101.34
0.46
0.28
4.68
100.88
101.06
96.66
800
101.34
0.57
0.33
4.67
100.77
101.01
96.67
900
101.34
0.24
0.26
4.59
101.1
101.08
96.75
1000
101.34
0.17
0.4
4.5
101.17
100.94
96.84
1100
101.34
0.19
0.44
4.44
101.15
100.9
96.9
1200
101.34
0
0.01
4.39
101.34
101.33
96.95
1300
101.54
0.24
0.3
4.52
101.3
101.24
97.02
1400
101.54
0.34
0.12
4.44
101.2
101.42
97.1
1500
101.54
0.3
0.08
4.39
101.24
101.46
97.15
1600
101.54
0.14
0.23
4.33
101.4
101.31
97.21
1700
101.54
0
0
4.28
101.54
101.54
97.26
1800
101.54
-0.03
0.05
4.27
101.57
101.49
97.27
1900
101.54
0.01
0.48
4.22
101.53
101.06
97.32
2000
101.54
0.01
0.14
4.14
101.53
101.4
97.4
2100
101.83
0
0.02
4.34
101.83
101.81
97.49
2200
101.83
0.07
0.09
4.29
101.76
101.74
97.54
2300
101.83
0.04
0.02
4.22
101.79
101.81
97.61
2400
101.83
0.1
0.02
4.13
101.73
101.81
97.7
2500
101.83
0.09
0.07
4.07
101.74
101.76
97.76
2600
101.83
0.02
0.04
4.01
101.81
101.79
97.82
2700
101.83
0.05
0
3.95
101.78
101.83
97.88
2800
101.83
0.04
0.09
3.89
101.79
101.74
97.94
2900
101.83
0.05
0.04
3.85
101.78
101.79
97.98
3000
101.83
0.01
0
3.78
101.82
101.83
98.05
3100
101.83
0.02
0.05
3.72
101.81
101.78
98.11

X)CALCULATION OF DISCHARGE:
i)ByDicken Formula:
Q=C(A)3/4
C=12,
A=474 sq.KM
3/4
Q=12(474)
Q=1219 cumec

ii)By Mannings formula:

Q=1/n.R2/3.s1/2A
n=0.0225
A=cross section area of river at project site = 48.3 sq.meter
P=23.43 meter
R=A/P=2.06 meter,
Slope S=0.0006
2/3
Q=(1/0.0225).(2.06) .(0.0006)1/2.(48.3)
Q=85 cumec

iii)ByChezys Formula:
Q=A.V
where V=C.(R.S)1/2
A=474 sq.
C=(157.5/1.81+(K/(R1/2))
,K=2.35,R=2.06,S=0.0006
C=45.69
Then
Q=77.58cumec

References
Location on Survey of India map:Copy of this map is given by minor irrigation
department,Agra
Climate of Agra: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_of_Agra

Agriculture Production in District Agra: http://agra.nic.in/agriprod.htm

Area Statistics of District Agra and all data:

minor irrigation department, published book(2005,2010)
Cofficient for Calculation of discharge:
minor irrigation department, published book(2005)