6/7/2016

Gearboxes|PlanetaryandSpurDesignsfromAnaheimAutomation

GearboxGuide

WhatisaGearbox?
Agearboxisamechanicaldeviceutilizedtoincreasetheoutputtorqueorchangethe
speed(RPM)ofamotor.Themotor'sshaftisattachedtooneendofthegearboxand
throughtheinternalconfigurationofgearsofagearbox,providesagivenoutputtorque
andspeeddeterminedbythegearratio.
PhysicalProperties
Thephysicalcomponentsofgearboxesvaryfromonegearboxtypetoanother,aswell
asdifferencesbetweenmanufacturers.Mostgearboxesareconstructedfromsteel
materialssuchasiron,aluminumandbrass.Unlikeothergearboxtypes,spur
gearboxescanalsobemadewithplasticssuchaspolycarbonateornylon.Otherthan
therawmaterialsused,theorientationofthegearteethplayamajorroleintheoverallefficiency,torqueandspeedofthesystem.
Straightgearteethgearboxesaretypicallyusedinlowspeedapplications.Thesegearboxescanbenoisy,andmayhavelower
overallefficiency.Helicalgearboxesaretypicallyusedinhighspeedapplications.Thesegearboxesarequieterinoperationthan
straightgearteethgearboxes,whichmayimprovetheiroverallefficiency.
TypesofGearboxes
Therearemanytypesofgearboxesmanufacturedthroughouttheworld.Oneofthemaindifferencesbetweenindividualgearboxesis
theirperformancecharacteristics.Choosingfromthevariousgearboxtypesisapplicationdependent.Gearboxesareavailablein
manysizes,ratios,efficienciesandbacklashcharacteristics.Allofthesedesignfactorswillaffecttheperformanceandcostofthe
gearbox.Thereareseveraltypesofgearboxeswhicharelistedbelow:
BevelGearbox
BevelGears
Therearetwotypesofbevelgearboxeswhichincludeeitherstraightorspiralteethgears.Straightbevelgearshave
straightandtaperedteethandareusedinapplicationsrequiringslowspeeds.Spiralbevelgearshavecurvedand
obliqueteethandareusedinapplicationsrequiringhighperformance,highspeedapplications.

http://www.anaheimautomation.com/manuals/forms/gearboxguide.php#sthash.1wyKXg35.dpbs

1/11

6/7/2016

Gearboxes|PlanetaryandSpurDesignsfromAnaheimAutomation

Figure1:StraightBevelGearboxFigure2:SpiralBevelGearbox
PhysicalProperties
Bevelgearsaretypicallyconstructedfromcastiron,aluminumalloyorothersteelmaterialsbutvarybetween
manufacturers.
Note:Gearsmadefromsteelmaterialscanbenoisywhencomingintocontactwithothergearsandalsomakethem
pronetowear.
ApplicationsofBevelGears
Bevelgearboxesusebevelgearsandaremainlyusedinrightangleapplicationswiththeshaftsinaperpendicular
arrangement.

PrintPress
PowerPlants
Automobiles
SteelPlants
HandDrills
DifferentialDrives
AdvantagesofBevelGears

Rightangleconfiguration
Durable
DisadvantagesofBevelGears

Axesmustbeabletosupportforces
Poorlycutteethmayresultinexcessivevibrationandnoiseduringoperation
HelicalGearbox
HelicalGears
Helicalgearsarecutatangleswhichallowforgradualcontactbetweeneachofthehelicalgearteeth.Thistypeof
innovationprovidesforasmoothandquietoperation.Gearboxesusinghelicalgearsareapplicableinhighhorsepower
andefficientapplications.

Figure3:HelicalGearbox
PhysicalProperties
Helicalgearsaretypicallyconstructedfromcastiron,aluminumalloworironmaterialbutmayvarydependingonthe

http://www.anaheimautomation.com/manuals/forms/gearboxguide.php#sthash.1wyKXg35.dpbs

2/11

6/7/2016

Gearboxes|PlanetaryandSpurDesignsfromAnaheimAutomation

manufacturer.
Note:Gearsmadefromsteelmaterialscanbenoisywhencomingintocontactwithothergearsandalsomakethem
pronetowear.
ApplicationsofHelicalGears
Helicalgearsarewidelyusedinapplicationswhichrequireefficiencyandhighhorsepower.

OilIndustry
Blowers
FoodandLabeling
Cutters
Elevators
AdvantagesofHelicalGears

Canbemeshedinparallelorcrossorientation
Smoothandquietoperation
Efficient
Highhorsepower
DisadvantagesofHelicalGears

Resultantthrustalongaxisofgear
Additivestolubrication
SpurGearbox
SpurGears
Spurgearsaremadewithstraightteethmountedonaparallelshaft.Thenoiselevelofspurgearsisrelativelyhighdue
tocollidingteethofthegearswhichmakespurgearteethpronetowear.Spurgearscomeinarangeofsizesandgear
ratiostomeetapplicationsrequiringacertainspeedortorqueoutput.

Figure4:SpurGearbox
PhysicalProperties
Spurgearsaretypicallyconstructedfrommetalssuchassteelorbrass,andplasticssuchasnylonorpolycarbonate.
Thematerialusedtoconstructspurgearsmayvarydependingonthemanufacturer.
Note:Gearsmadefromsteelmaterialscanbenoisywhencomingintocontactwithothergearsandalsomakethem
pronetowear.
ApplicationsofSpurGears
Spursgearsareusedinapplicationsrequiringadecreaseinspeedwithhighoutputtorque.

CuttoLength
Packaging
SpeedControl
Construction
PowerPlants
AdvantagesofSpurGears

Costeffective
Highgearratios
Compact
Hightorqueoutput

http://www.anaheimautomation.com/manuals/forms/gearboxguide.php#sthash.1wyKXg35.dpbs

3/11

6/7/2016

Gearboxes|PlanetaryandSpurDesignsfromAnaheimAutomation

DisadvantagesofSpurGears

Noisy
Pronetowear
WormGearbox
WormGears

Wormgearsareabletowithstandhighshockloads,lowinnoiselevelandmaintenancefreebutarelessefficientthan
othergeartypes.Wormgearscanbeusedinrightangleconfiguration.Thewormgearboxconfigurationallowsthe
wormtoturnthegearwitheasehowever,thegearcannotturntheworm.Thepreventionofthegeartomovetheworm
canbeusedasabrakingsystem.Whenthewormgearboxisnotactive,itisheldinalockedposition.

Figure5:WormGearbox
PhysicalProperties
Wormgearsaretypicallyconstructedofaluminum,stainlesssteelandcastiron.Thematerialusedvariesdependingon
themanufacturer.
ApplicationsofWormGears
Wormgearsareusedinapplicationsrequiringhighspeedsandloadsandcanbeconfiguredforrightangleapplications.

Mining
RollingMills
Presses
Elevators/EscalatorDriveSystems
AdvantagesofWormGears

Highprecision
Rightangleconfigurations
Brakingsystem
Lownoise
Maintenancefree
DisadvantagesofWormGears

Limitations
Nonreversible
Lowefficiency
PlanetaryGearbox
PlanetaryGears

Planetarygearboxesarenamedsoduetotheirresemblancetothesolarsystem.Thecomponentsofaplanetary
gearboxincludeasungear,ringgearandplanetarygears.Thesungearisthecentralgearwhichisfixedinthecenter,
ringgear(annulusring)whichistheouterringwithinwardfacingteeth,andtheplanetarygearswhichrotatearoundthe
sungearsandmeshwithboththesunandringgear.

http://www.anaheimautomation.com/manuals/forms/gearboxguide.php#sthash.1wyKXg35.dpbs

4/11

6/7/2016

Gearboxes|PlanetaryandSpurDesignsfromAnaheimAutomation

Figure6:PlanetaryGearbox
PhysicalProperties
Thesun,ringandplanetarygearsofaplanetarygearboxareconstructedofaluminum,stainlesssteelorbrass.
materialusedvariesdependingonthemanufacturer.
Note:Gearsmadefromsteelmaterialscanbenoisywhencomingintocontactwithothergearsandalsomakethem
pronetowear.
ApplicationsofPlanetaryGearboxes
Planetarygearboxesareusedinapplicationsrequiringlowbacklash,compactsize,highefficiency,resistancetoshock,
andahightorquetoweightratio.

SlewingDrives
Lifts
Cranes
MachineTools
Automotive
AdvantagesofPlanetaryGears

Highpowerdensity
Compact
Highlyefficiencyinpowertransmission
Greaterstability
Loaddistributionamongplanetarygears
DisadvantagesofPlanetaryGears

Highbearingloads
Complexdesign
Inaccessibility
TypesofGearmotors

Asthenamestates,agearmotorconsistofanelectricmotor(brushless,brush,AC,servo)andgearreducer,alsoreferredtoasa
gearbox,integratedintoasimplepackage.Agearmotorcombinationreducescomplexityandlowerscostsindesignsrequiringhigh
torquelowspeedoutput.Gearmotorscanbemanufacturedtobeintegralorbecombinedasseparatecomponents.Gearmotorswhich
havethemotorandgearreducersharingthesameshaftiswhatismeantbyintegral.AnaheimAutomationoffersawideselectionof
steppergearmotors,brushlessgearmotors,DCgearmotorsandACgearmotorsintegratedwitheitherspur,planetaryorwormgears.
Gearmotorsareusedinmanyapplicationsinindustrialapplicationsaswellasineverydayhouseholdappliances.Industrial
applicationsincludecranes,lifts,jacksandconveyormachines.Everydayhouseholdappliancesgearmotorsareusedinarewashing
machines,mixers,clocks,handtoolslikedrillsanddryers.
HowdoGearboxesWork?
Allgearboxesworkinasimilarfashion.Thedirectionsthegearsrotatearedependentontheinputdirectionandorientationofthe
gears.Forexample,iftheinitialgearisrotatinginaclockwisedirection,thegearitengageswillrotatecounterclockwise.This
continuesdownthelineformultiplegears.Thecombinationofdifferentsizegearsandthenumberofteethoneachgearplaysa
significantroleintheoutputtorqueandspeedoftheshaft.Highgearratiosallowformoreoutputtorqueandlowerspeeds,while
lowergearratiosallowforhigheroutputspeedandlessoutputtorque.
Aplanetarygearboxworksrelativelythesame.Aplanetarygearboxsystemisconstructedwiththreemaincomponents:acentralsun
gear,aplanetcarrier(carryingoneormoreplanetgears)andanannulus(anouterring).Thecentralsungearisorbitedbyplanet
gears(ofthesamesize)mountedtotheplanetcarrier.Theplanetgearsaremeshedwiththesungearwhiletheouterringsteeth

http://www.anaheimautomation.com/manuals/forms/gearboxguide.php#sthash.1wyKXg35.dpbs

5/11

6/7/2016

Gearboxes|PlanetaryandSpurDesignsfromAnaheimAutomation

meshwiththeplanetgears.Thereareseveralconfigurationsforagearbox
system.Typicalconfigurationsconsistofthreecomponents:theinput,the
outputandonestationarycomponent.
Forexample:onepossibleconfigurationisthesungearastheinput,the
annulusastheoutputandtheplanetcarrierremainingstationary.Inthis
configuration,theinputshaftrotatesthesungear,theplanetgearsrotate
ontheirownaxes,simultaneouslyapplyingatorquetotherotatingplanet
carrierthatinturnappliestorquetotheoutputshaft(whichinthiscaseis
theannulus).Therateatwhichthegearsrotate(gearratio)isdetermined
bythenumberofteethineachgear.Thetorque(poweroutput)is
determinedbyboththenumberofteethandbywhichcomponentinthe
planetarysystemisstationary.
HowareGearboxesControlled?
Theoutputofamotor(i.e.stepper,brushless,ACandbrushmotors)isusedastheinputofthegearboxandcontrolsthespeedat
whichthegearboxrotates.Theconfigurationbelowillustratesthedrivercontrollingtheexternalmotor,whichisconnectedastheinput
shaftofthegearbox.Asaresult,whenthedriverispowered,themotorshaftrotatesinsidethegearboxcausingtheoutputshaftofthe
gearboxtorotate.Theoutputspeedandtorqueisdependentontheinternalconfigurationofthegearbox.

HowtoSelecttheAppropriateGearbox
Whenconsideringagearbox,manyfactorsneedtobeconsideredtomeetspecificapplicationrequirements:
GearRatio
Gearratiosaredefinedasthecorrelationbetweenthenumbersofteethoftwodifferentgears.Commonly,thenumberofteeth
agearhasisproportionaltoitscircumference.Thismeansthatthegearwithalargercircumferencewillhavemoregearteeth
thereforetherelationshipbetweenthecircumferencesofthetwogearscanalsogiveanaccurategearratio.Forexample,if
onegearhas36teethwhileanothergearhas12teeth,thegearratiowouldbe3:1.
OutputTorque
Outputtorqueisdependentonthegearratioused.Toobtainahighoutputtorque,alargegearratiowouldbeselected.Using
alargegearratiowilllowertheoutputshaftspeedofthemotor.Inversely,usingalowergearratio,asmalleroutputtorque
valuewouldbedeliveredintothesystem,withagreatermotorspeedattheoutputshaft.Thisstatementillustratesthe
relationshipthatbothtorqueandspeedareinverselyproportionaltooneanother.
Speed(RPM)
Speedisproportionaltothegearratioofthesystem.Forexample,iftheinputgearhasmoreteeththantheoutputgear,the
resultwillbeanincreaseinspeedattheoutputshaft.Ontheotherhand,havingthereversescenariowithmoregearteethat
theoutputcomparedtotheinputwillresultinadecreaseofspeedattheoutputshaft.Ingeneral,theoutputspeedcanbe
determinedbydividingtheinputspeedbythegearratio.Thehighertheratiothelowertheoutputspeedwillbeandviceversa.
GearArrangement
Geararrangementisaningeniousengineeringdesignthatoffersvariousbenefitsoverthetraditionalfixedaxisgearsystem
design.Theuniquecombinationofbothpowertransmissionefficiencyandcompactsizeallowsforalowerlossinefficiency.
Themoreefficientthegeararrangement,(i.e.spur,helical,planetaryandworm)themoreenergyitwillallowtobetransmitted
andconvertedintotorque,ratherthanenergylostinheat.
Anotherapplicationfactortobetakenintoaccountisloaddistribution.Sincetheloadbeingtransmittedissharedamong
multipleplanets,thetorquecapacityisincreased.Thehighernumberofplanetsinagearsystemwillincreasetheloadability
andenhancetorquedensity.Geararrangementsimprovestabilityandrotationalstiffnessbecauseofabalancedsystem,butit
isacomplexandmorecostlydesign.

http://www.anaheimautomation.com/manuals/forms/gearboxguide.php#sthash.1wyKXg35.dpbs

6/11

6/7/2016

Gearboxes|PlanetaryandSpurDesignsfromAnaheimAutomation

Figure8:FixedAxisvs.PlanetaryGearSystem
InFigure8,thegeararrangementontheleftisatraditionalfixedaxisgearsystemwithapiniondrivingalargergearonanaxis
paralleltotheshaft.Ontheright,isaplanetarygeardesignsystemwithasungear(pinion)surroundedbymorethanonegear
(planetgears)andisencompassedinanouterringgear.Thetwosystemsaresimilarinratioandvolume,buttheplanetary
geardesignhasthreetimesthehighertorquedensityandthreetimesthestiffnessduetotheincreasednumberofgear
contacts.
FixedAxisGearSystem:
Volume=1,Torque=1,Stiffness=1
PlanetaryGearSystem:
Volume=1,Torque=3,Stiffness=3
OthergeararrangementsasmentionedintheTypesofGearboxessegmentofthisguidearebevel,helical,cycloid,spurand
worm.
Backlash
Backlashistheangleinwhichtheoutputshaftofagearboxcanrotatewithouttheinputshaftmoving,orthegapbetweenthe
teethoftwoadjacentgears.Itisnotnecessarytoconsiderbacklashforapplicationswhichdonotinvolveloadreversals.
However,inprecisionapplicationswithloadreversalslikerobotics,automation,CNCmachines,etc.,backlashiscrucialfor
accuracyandpositioning.
AdvantagesofaGearbox

Lownoiselevel
Highefficiency
Highreductionratios
Increaseinoutputtorque
Decreaseinoutputspeed
Durable
DisadvantagesofaGearbox

Morecostlythanotherdrivesystems
Properlubricationisnecessaryforsmoothrunning
Poorlycutteethmayresultinexcessivevibrationandnoiseduringoperation
Qualitymattersandaddstocost
Troubleshooting
Problem:GearboxBecomesHot
Solution:Theexteriortemperatureofthegearboxmaybecomehotduetoseveralreasons.Pleaserefertothefollowinginformation,
takethenecessarystepstosolvethisissue.Ifthegearboxtemperatureisexcessive,pleaseconsultthemanufacturer.
1.AmbienttemperatureisaboveadvisedlevelIftheambienttemperatureistoohigh,itmaydiminishtheefficiencyof
thegearbox.Installacoolingfanormovetheapplicationtoamoreviablelocation.
2.ProperventilationProperventilationisnecessary,notonlyforthegearboxbutforallelectrical/mechanical
equipmenttofunctionproperly.Ensurethatthereisadequateairflowintheareaoftheequipmenttoallowforsystem
cooling.
3.ImpropershaftalignmentThefirststepistocheckthealignmentoftheinputshaftofthemotortothegearbox.It
isnecessarythattheinputshaftofthemotorbealignedwiththegearboxtoensuretheproperuseofthegearbox.
4.OverloadDecreasetheloadofthegearboxandobserveifthetemperaturelowers.Ifnot,yourapplicationmay
requirealargergearboxmodel.
5.LubricationPoorlubricationforthebearingsandgears.Consultwiththemanufacturerregardingwarranty
information.

http://www.anaheimautomation.com/manuals/forms/gearboxguide.php#sthash.1wyKXg35.dpbs

7/11

6/7/2016

Gearboxes|PlanetaryandSpurDesignsfromAnaheimAutomation

6.ImproperlymountedbearingsReassemblymayberequiredofthegearbox.Consultwiththemanufacturerregarding
warrantyinformation.
Problem:Loud/VibrationNoise
Solution:Loudorvibrationnoisescanbeduetomanydifferentsourcesdiscussedinthissection.
1.ImproperinstallationImproperinstallationmaybearesultoflooseboltsormisalignmentbetweenthemotorand
gearbox.Tighteninglooseboltsandaligningthemotorandgearboxmaysolvetheissueofexcessivenoise.
2.InputspeedtoohighLoweringtheinputspeedmayhelpreducethenoise.
3.OverloadDecreasingtheloadmayhelpreducethenoise.Ifnot,alargersizedmodelgearboxwillberequired.
4.WornordamagedbearingsWornordamagedbearingsmayneedtobereplaced.Consultwiththemanufacturer
regardingwarrantyinformation.
5.LubricationGears/bearingsneedtobeproperlylubricatedforcohesiveness.Consultwiththemanufacturer
regardingwarrantyinformation.
Problem:Input/OutputShaftsDoNotRotate
Solution:Beforegoingthroughthebelowinstructions,ensurethemotorshaftrotatestoisolateanyproblemwiththemotoror
gearbox.
1.ImproperinstallationEnsurethatallboltsconnectingthemotortothegearboxaresecurelyfastened.
2.GearteetharewornNeedtoreplaceworngears.Consultyourdealerforwarrantyinformation.
3.GearsinlockedpositionGearsmayneedtobereplacedduetowearandtear.Anotherpossibilitywouldbethata
foreignobjectmayneedtoberemovedfromwithinthegearbox,causingthegearstobeinthelockedposition.Consult
yourdealerforwarrantyinformation.
Problem:GearTeethWear
Solution:Wearandtearongearboxesisnaturaloccurrences.Properuseandsystemmaintenancecanhelpextendtheirlifetimeof
thegearbox.
1.ImproperinstallationEnsurethatallboltsconnectingthemotorandthegearboxaresecurelyfastened.
2.ExcessiveloadWearandtearonthegeariscausedbycontactwithothergears.Reducingtheloadwilllowerthe
tensionthegearsmakewithoneanother.Ifahigherloadisrequired,usingalargergearboxmaybenecessary.
3.InputspeedtoohighLoweringtheinputspeedmayhelpreducetheamountofwearandtearonthegears.
4.AmbienttemperatureisabovetheadvisedlevelIftheambienttemperatureistoohigh,itmaydiminishtheefficiency
ofthegearbox.Installingacoolingfan,ormovingtheapplicationtoamoreviablelocationmayresolvethisapplication.
CostofaGearbox
Thepriceofagearboxvariesandistypicallyaffectedbysize,accuracyspecifications,backlash,andthegearratio,aswellasthe
specificmanufacturer.Gearboxeswithabacklashintherangeof30arcminutesmaycostaslowas$500.Thecostforgearboxes
withabacklashvalueunder5arcminuteswillcostmorethangearboxeswithhighbacklashvalues.Belowisalistofgearbox
productsofferedbyAnaheimAutomation.Comprehensivespecificationsandpricingisavailableonourwebsiteat
AnaheimAutomation.com,foreachoftheofferedtypes:

EconomyGearboxes
HighGradeGearboxes
RightAnglePlanetaryGearboxes
RotatingOutputFlangeGearboxes
Formulas
MotorTorquexGearRatio=TorqueattheWheel
InputShaftSpeed(RPM)/GearRatio=OutputShaftSpeed
GearRatio=Teethononegear:Teethonasecondgear
Example:Ifonegearhas60teethandasecondgearhas20teeththegearratiowouldbe3:1
Wherearegearboxesused?
Advancementsintechnologyandtheevolutionofgearshavemademoreefficientandpowerfulgearboxestobedevelopedand
manufacturedatlowercosts.Toothedgearsystemshaveevolvedfromfixedaxisgearsystemstonewandimprovedgearsincluding
helical,cycloid,spur,wormandplanetarygearsystems.Gearboxesarewidelyusedinapplicationsthatrequiredesiredoutputspeed
(RPM),controlthedirectionofrotation,andtotranslatetorqueorpowerfromoneinputshafttoanother.

http://www.anaheimautomation.com/manuals/forms/gearboxguide.php#sthash.1wyKXg35.dpbs

8/11

6/7/2016

Gearboxes|PlanetaryandSpurDesignsfromAnaheimAutomation

Gearboxesareusedinavarietyofindustries:
AerospaceIntheaerospaceindustry,gearboxesareusedinspaceandairtravel,i.e.airplanes,missiles,space
vehicles,spaceshuttlesandengines.
AgricultureIntheagricultureindustry,gearboxesareusedforplowing,irrigation,pestandinsectcontrol,tractors
andpumps.
AutomotiveIntheautomotiveindustry,gearboxesareusedincars,helicopters,busesandmotorcycles.
ConstructionIntheconstructionindustry,gearboxesareusedinheavymachinerysuchascranes,forklifts,
bulldozersandtractors.
FoodProcessingInthefoodprocessingindustry,gearboxesareusedinconveyorsystems,theprocessingofmeat
andvegetableproducts,andpackagingapplications.
MarineIndustryInthemarineindustry,gearboxesareusedonboatsandyachts.
MedicalInthemedicalindustry,gearboxesareusedinsurgicaltables,patientbeds,medicaldiagnosticmachines,
dentalequipmentandMRIandCATscanmachines.
PowerPlantsInpowerplants,gearboxesareimplementedintransformers,generatorsandturbines.
Quiz
1.Whatisbacklashonagearbox?

A.Theangletheoutputshaftofagearboxcanrotatewithouttheinputshaftmoving.
B.Theangletheinputshaftofagearboxcanrotatewithouttheoutputshaftmoving.
C.Theanglethegearsinsidethegearboxcanrotate.

2.Whattypeofgearboxwouldbeusedforrightangleapplications?

A.Bevelgearbox
B.Planetarygearbox
C.Wormgearbox
D.Helicalgearbox
E.AandC

3.Gearboxescanbecontrolledby_________motors?

A.Stepper
B.Brushless
C.Brush
D.AC
E.Alloftheabove

4.Theoutputspeedofagearboxisproportionalto_____________?

A.Inputshaftspeed
B.Geararrangement
C.Gearratio
D.Torsionalstiffness

5.WhatisNOTanadvantageofagearbox?

A.Highefficiency
B.Increase/decreaseofoutputtorque
C.Increase/decreaseofoutputspeed
D.Lesscostly

6.Ifabrushlessmotor,ratedfor4000RPM,iscombinedwithagearboxwithagearratioof3:1,whatwillbethespeedofthe
outputshaft?

A.4000RPM
B.12000RPM
C.1333RPM

7.Whatisthedifferencebetweenhelicalgearsandspurgears?

A.Helicalgearsarecutatangleswhilespurgearsarecutstraight.
B.Helicalgearsarecutstraightandspurgearsarecutatangles.
C.Helicalgearsarenoisierthanspurgears.

8.Ageartraincontains2spurgears.Theinputgearhas25teethandtheoutputgearhas200teeth.Calculatethegearratio.
GearRatio=200/25=8:1
FAQ
Q.Areplanetaryandspurgearboxesbidirectional?
A.Yes,planetaryandspurgearboxesaredesignedtobeusedforbidirectionaloperation.Thedirectiontheinputshaftrotatesand
geararrangementofthegearboxwilldeterminetherotationoftheoutputshaft.
Q.CanAnaheimAutomation'smotorsbecombinedwithagearbox?

http://www.anaheimautomation.com/manuals/forms/gearboxguide.php#sthash.1wyKXg35.dpbs

9/11

6/7/2016

Gearboxes|PlanetaryandSpurDesignsfromAnaheimAutomation

A.AnaheimAutomation'smotorscanbeassembledwithagearboxtomeetthenecessaryrequirementsofanapplication.Motorsand
gearboxescanbepurchasedseparatelyorbepurchasedasanassembledunit.Customizationisavailable.Minimumpurchase
requirementsandaNonCancellable/NonReturnableagreementwillapply.
Q.WhatisthelifetimeofAnaheimAutomation'smotorsandgearboxes?
A.Yes,planetaryandspurgearboxesaredesignedtobeusedforbidirectionaloperation.Thedirectiontheinputshaftrotatesand
geararrangementofthegearboxwilldeterminetherotationoftheoutputshaft.
Q.Whattypeofgearboxwouldbeusedforrightangleapplications?
A.Abevelandwormgearboxesaremainlyutilizedinrightangleapplications.Theyofferhighefficiencyandlowgearratios.
bevelgearboxwithstraightcutteethareutilizedinslowspeedapplications,whereasspiralbevelgearboxeswithcurvedteethare
utilizedinhighperformance,highspeedapplications.Wormgearboxesarealsoavailablewithrightangleconfigurations.
abletosustainhighshockloads,lowinnoise,maintenancefreebutarelessefficientthanbevelgearboxes.
Q.Cangearboxesbebackdriven?
A.Somegearboxes,suchasspurgearboxcanbebackdriven,whilesome,suchasthewormgearboxcannotbebackdriven.
Q.Howmanyplanetgearsarethereinagearbox?
A.Theamountofplanetarygearsinagearboxdiffersbasedonspecificapplicationrequirements.Mostplanetarygearboxesconsist
oftwoormoreplanetarygears.
Q.Whatisthedifferencebetweenstraightcutgearsandhelicalgears?
A.Straightcutgearshavestraightandtaperedteeth,andareusedforlowspeedapplications.Helicalgearsarecutatanglestoallow
gradualcontactbetweenthegearteeth.Thisallowsforsmoothandquietoperation.Helicalgearsareapplicableinhighhorsepower
andefficientapplications.
Glossary

Figure8:FixedAxisvs.PlanetaryGearSystem
Addendumtheheightofthegeartoothabovethepitchcirclediameter.
Backlashtheangletheoutputshaftofthegearboxcanmovewithouttheinputshaftmoving.
BaseCircleanimaginarycircleusedininvolutegearingtogeneratetheinvolutesthatformthetoothprofiles.
BevelGearsusedforrightangleapplications.Therearetwotypesofbevelgearswhicharestraightandspiral.
Borethediameteroftheholeinasprocket,gear,bushing,etc.
Centerdistancedistancebetweentheaxesoftwomeshedgears.
CircularThicknessthethicknessofthetoothonthepitchcircle.
Dedendumthedepthofthetoothbelowthediameterofthepitchcircle.
DiametricalPitchtheteethperinchofthediameterofthepitchcircle.
DifferentialGearabevelgearwhichallowstwoshaftstorotateatadifferentspeed.
Gearawheelwithteeththatmesheswithanotherwheelwithteethtotranslatemotion.
GearCenterthecenterofthepitchcircle.

http://www.anaheimautomation.com/manuals/forms/gearboxguide.php#sthash.1wyKXg35.dpbs

10/11

6/7/2016

Gearboxes|PlanetaryandSpurDesignsfromAnaheimAutomation

GearRatiotheratiobetweenthenumbersofteethofmeshinggears.
GearTraintwoormoregearsmeshedbytheirteeth.Ageartraingeneratespowerspeedthroughthemeshedgearsrotating.
HelicalGearagearwiththegearteethcutatangles.
LineofContactthelineorcurvealongwhichtwotoothsurfacesaretangenttoeachother.
Involutethecurvewhichdescribesalinewhichisunwoundfromthecircumferenceofthegear.
Pinionasmallcogwheelwhichfitsintoalargergearortrack.
PitchCirclethecurveofintersectionofapitchsurfaceofrevolutionandaplaneofrotation.
PitchDiameterthediameterofthepitchcircle.
PitchRadiustheradiusofthepitchcircle.
PlanetaryGearsasystemthatconsistsofthreemaincomponents:thesungear,ringgear,andtwoormoreplanetgears.
gearisthelocatedinthecenter,theringgearistheoutermostgear,andtheplanetgearsarethegearssurroundingthesungear
insidetheringgear.
PressureAngletheanglebetweenthelineofactionandthenormaltothesurfaceofthetooth.
SpiralBevelGearsshaftswhichareperpendiculartoeachotherandareusedinrightangleapplications.
SpurGearconnectparallelshaftswhichhaveinvoluteteeththatareparalleltotheshaft.
Sungearagearwheelthatrotatesarounditsownaxisandhasothergears(planetgears)thatrotatearoundit.
TorsionalStiffnessthemeasureoftheamountoftorquethataradialshaftcansustainduringitsrotationinamechanicalsystem.
WorkingDepththemaxdepthatoothofonegearextendsintothetoothgearofmatinggear.
WormGearagearwithoneormoreteethwithscrewedthreads.
2016AnaheimAutomation,Inc.AllRightsReserved

http://www.anaheimautomation.com/manuals/forms/gearboxguide.php#sthash.1wyKXg35.dpbs

11/11