TAP April 2016 Web Smaller

ISSUE 166 | APRIL 2016
The final
stages:
VNIE Loopings 69
underway
The state
of the gas
industry
36
MPCs
award-winning
safety app
68
Queensland
region review
82
FP 1
Page One
Mitchell Water
CONTENTS
CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE REPORTS
TRAINING
COVER STORY
PIPELINE CONSTRUCTION WORKERS OF AUSTRALIA
6
8
50
79
94
Presidents Message
Chief Executives Report
APGA NEWS AND EVENTS

10
12
14
16
16
18
Members and memos

WA off to a swinging start
A lesson in ethics for Brisbane
International insight for Melbourne members
Raising the bar at the New Zealand dinner
Benefits of gas outlined in Adelaide
Standardising pipeliner training
REGION REVIEW: QUEENSLAND
QUIZZES AND PUZZLES
54
56

82
96
NFPCA recognised with innovation award

Gas energy recovery: turbo expanders and maximising
pipeline efficiency
APGA MEMBERSHIP
INTERVIEW
60
63
98
100
102
NEWS IN BRIEF
A new age for contractors

Pipeline personality: George Wettenhall
64
65
66
INDUSTRY NEWS
28

32

36
42
46
88
90
NDT keeping it smooth

Spacing the NGP evenly
Michell returns control to the user
Choose your path: the future for Australias

gas market
Forging our own path: the future for Australias
gas market
Australias energy: gas on the front line
Northern gas for an eastern market
Eyes in the skies: the rise of drones
67
68
71
The final stages: VNIE Loopings 69

New development heats up in Victorias west
Ushering in 2016 safely

New tech offers a clearer picture of FIFO wellbeing
Safety in numbers
92
92

92
APGA Membership List

APGA Membership Application Form
APGA New Membership Approvals
WHATS ON
The latest industry news

World wrap
102
102
103
MAGAZINE BRIEFS
SAFETY
Innovative future: long-term support for the broader
Australian pipeline industry
The Australian Pipeliner Quiz
85
86
20
22
24
26

The pipeline state: Queensland region review
PROJECTS
COMPANY NEWS
EPCRC
Pipeline construction workers of Australia
TECHNICAL
YOUNG PIPELINERS FORUM

Young pipeliner profile
Queenslanders off to a strong start
Brewing for a big 2016
Connecting port to pipeline
12 tonnes of relining fun

Reliability engineering: a target-driven approach to
integrity management
Heading north
APGA Meetings 2016

Exhibitions and Conferences
Advertisers Index
THE LAST WORD

104
What I know about pipelines: Patricia Friend-Pereira
INTEGRITY AND MAINTENANCE

72
Inspecting challenging pipelines
TRANSPORT & LOGISTICS

76
Top level pipe stacking for the Australian industry
The Halladale well site during drilling operations in late 2014

Image courtesy of Origin Energy.
THE AUSTRALIAN PIPELINER | APRIL 2016
www.pipeliner.com.au
BREAKING
NEW
D
N
U
O
R
G
FP 2
REGULARS
EDITOR
Sally Commins | scommins@gs-press.com.au
ASSOCIATE EDITOR
Stuart Scudamore | sscudamore@gs-press.com.au
DIRECTOR PIPELINES AND GAS
Lyndsie Clark | lclark@gs-press.com.au
ISSUE 166 | APR
IL 2016
The nal
s
tages:
VNIE Loo
SALES MANAGER
David Marsh | dmarsh@gs-press.com.au
DESIGN MANAGER
Katrina Rolfe
pings 69
underway
PUBLISHER
Zelda Tupicoff
PRINTING AND DISTRIBUTION
The Dynamite Group Pty Ltd
Complete Mailing Pty Ltd
The state
of the gas
industry
36
MPCs
award-winning
safety app
68
Queensland
region review
82
A.C.N. 005 716 825 (A.B.N. 28 096 872 004)

GPO Box 4967 Melbourne VIC 3001
T: +61 3 9248 5100 | F: +61 3 9602 2708
E: query@pipeliner.com.au | W: www.pipeliner.com.au
ISSN 0310-1258
Read The Australian Pipeliner

on your device!
Cover: Pipe stockpiled in northern Victoria for the Victorian

Northern Interconnect Expansion (VNIE) Project.
Image courtesy of Qube Energy.
To view the digital edition on

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Dunstains
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The Australian Pipeliner
Average Net Distribution 2,433

Period ending September 2015
The Australian Pipeliner is the official journal of the Australian

Pipelines and Gas Association (APGA) and is distributed to
members without charge and circulated to interested
organisations throughout Australia and overseas. It is also
Great
Southern
available on subscription. The publishers welcome editorial
Press
contributions from interested parties. However, neither the
publishers nor the APGA accept responsibility for the content of these contributions
and the views contained therein are not necessarily the views of the publishers or the
APGA. Neither the publishers nor the APGA accept responsibility for any claims
made by advertisers. All communications should be directed to the publishers.
The Australian Pipelines and Gas

Associations vision is to lead the
sustainable growth in pipeline
infrastructure for Australasias energy.
The Australian Pipelines and Gas Association (APGA)
is a non-profit organisation formed to represent the interests of its members involved
in: the ownership, operation, maintenance, design, engineering, supply and
construction of pipelines, platforms and all other structures used in or in connection
with the drilling for, extraction and transmission of hydrocarbons, solids, slurries
and similar substances both onshore and offshore. As a single voice representing the
collective interests of its members, the APGA is dedicated to encouraging the
extension and development of the industry.
DUNSTANS CONSTRUCTION GROUP has developed a

proven record of delivering turnkey infrastructure projects
for our clients since 1951. We are a leading company
providing construction, engineering, maintenance and
industrial services to the telecommunication, resources,
energy and infrastructure sectors. We build, maintain
and support customer operations through safe, reliable,
innovative and cost effective services.
And we always get the job done.
www.dunstans.com.au
Call 03 5722 1515 for a copy of our capability brochure

or to discuss our services with one of our managers:
> Telecommunications
> Maxi Horizontal Directional Drilling
> Equipment Hire
> Cable and Pipe Ploughing
> Gathering Systems
> Small Diameter Pipelines
EXECUTIVE REPORTS
Presidents Message
t the recent Australian Domestic Gas Outlook 2016 conference, keynote speaker
and Australian Competition and Consumer Commission Chairman Rod Sims
flagged some early thinking from the commissions East Coast Gas Inquiry.
While Mr Sims did address the global and domestic uncertainty contributing to tighter
gas supply in eastern Australia, he indicated that he saw a greater role for regulation in
the pipeline sector.
The type of regulation Mr Sims raised the setting of pipeline prices and the effective
involvement of a regulator in private investment decisions could introduce significant
costs and risks into the gas transportation market.
Heavy-handed regulation will likely discourage efficient investment in pipeline
infrastructure, limiting opportunities to connect additional gas supplies to market and
ultimately reducing competition and choice for gas users.
New pipeline projects like Jemenas $800 million Northern Gas Pipeline, which will
deliver a new source of gas to the east coast from 2018, just wouldnt be feasible if
transportation prices were regulated.
The best way to encourage a competitive and robust gas market, and ensure customers
get the gas they need where they need it, is by removing restrictions on gas field
development.
The real issue underlying dysfunction in our gas market is insufficient supply. The
pipeline industry will continue to respond to upstream development by building new
routes to market, and increasing capacity on existing assets to meet customers needs.
The gas industry plans to advocate more actively on the fundamental role of gas in
Australias energy mix, and the Australian Pipelines and Gas Association will be part of
this increased advocacy.
Our abundant natural gas resources are a competitive advantage crucial to the ongoing
growth of our economy and our enviable standard of living. Unfortunately, the benefits
of gas in our homes and for industry have been overlooked by the focus on renewables
and community concerns about fracking.
For some time now, energy policy has tended to favour renewables (via subsidies) or
coal generation (in the absence of a carbon price), while overlooking the very real
advantages of gas. Gas is an environmentally sound choice, capable of delivering reliable
and well-priced peak and baseload energy to homes and businesses.
The benefits of gas, given the abundance of our domestic reserves, cannot be
overstated as we strive to meet ambitious global emissions reductions targets and support
the competitiveness of domestic industries, all while keeping the lights on. Our
policymakers have also been distracted by the politicisation of onshore gas development,
despite an overwhelming wealth of independent, scientifically rigorous evidence
concluding any potential risks from onshore gas activity can be properly managed.
Queensland, with its more mature onshore sector, demonstrates that gas development
can coexist with agricultural and other land uses.
The Queensland government should also be commended for its commitment to the
new Bundaberg Port Gas Pipeline. Bringing gas to the Wide Bay region will support local
businesses, including a new $70 million plasterboard manufacturing plant, as well as
establish the area as a new regional economic hub.
Given the ACCCs review of the east coast gas market has yet to conclude, the
Bundaberg Port Gas Pipeline and the Northern Gas Pipeline are both timely reminders
that our sector has a healthy appetite to invest in new infrastructure to meet the needs of
Australias gas customers.
To best support gas users, policymakers should focus their attention on getting gas to
market as quickly, efficiently and competitively as possible, without resorting to
unnecessary regulation that will only hinder the sustainable evolution of our industry.
A strong gas industry means a strong pipeline industry.
APGA Board
President
Shaun Reardon
Jemena Limited
Vice President
Dave Maloney
CNC Project Management
Treasurer
Tony OSullivan
Murphy Pipe and Civil Constructions
Immediate Past President
Mark Dayman
Fyfe Pty Ltd
Peter Cox
WorleyParsons Services
Jim Frith
McConnell Dowell
Kevin Lester
APA Group
Donna McDowall
Quanta Services Australia
John Stuart-Robertson
Lucas Engineering & Construction
Mark Twycross
Twycross and Partners
A complete APGA membership list

is printed on pages 98 and 99.
SHAUN REARDON PRESIDENT
Shaun Reardon, President.
FP 3
Qube
EXECUTIVE REPORTS
Chief Executives Report
ve said for many years that our pipeline industry needs to have a strong Australian
gas industry.
Of course, the Australian Pipelines and Gas Association (APGA) has members who
transport a range of hydrocarbons and water, but natural gas is a large part of our
business.
Gas also plays a vital role in the economy, not just by paying tax into government
coffers. Its essential for hospitals and manufacturing industry hospitals for
high-temperature waste disposal; manufacturing for heating, power and direct inputs
such as in fertilisers.
And what is apparently not well understood is that natural gas provides almost the
same amount of energy to households as electricity does.
According to the Australian Bureau of Statistics latest figures, natural gas and LPG
provided 205 PJ of energy to households in 2013-14 while electricity, including rooftop
solar, provided 216 PJ.
What is really interesting is that the 205PJ of gas cost households a total of
$6.2 billion. The cost of the 216 PJ of electricity was substantially higher: $16.1 billion.
Thats $30.2 million per petajoule for gas and $74.5 million per petajoule of
electricity.
Natural gas is less expensive for households.
Gas is also better for the environment. Gas used in the home has around one quarter
the emissions of electricity. This is because 60 per cent of electricity from the grid is
provided by burning coal.
APGA is committed to getting this message out to the community, policy makers and
politicians. And we are pleased that the upstream industry association, APPEA, is also
keen to highlight the benefits of gas.
In fact the Australian Petroleum Production and Exploration Association (APPEA), the
Energy Networks Association (ENA) and APGA have jointly provided an information
brochure A Bright Future for Gas, which highlights some of the benefits of gas for
consumers and the broader economy.
Theres a copy on the APGA website: www.apga.org.au
So, as well as being better for the environment and less expensive for households, in
many cases there is no alternative to gas such as high-temperature waste disposal and
manufacturing inputs.
If we can convince policy makers of this value, there will be a healthy future for
natural gas in Australia, and there will be a healthy future for the pipeline industry.
CHERYL CARTWRIGHT CHIEF EXECUTIVE
Cheryl Cartwright, Chief Executive.
ABN: 29 098 754 324

APGA Secretariat Registered Office:
7 National Circuit, Barton ACT 2600
(PO Box 5416, Kingston ACT 2604)
Tel: +61 2 6273 0577
Fax: +61 2 6273 0588
Email: apga@apga.org.au
Website: www.apga.org.au
Chief Executive
Cheryl Cartwright
Business Manager
Steve Dobbie
National Policy Manager
Steve Davies
Business and Finance Officer
Peter Heffernan
Training and Communications
Manager
Karen Polglaze
Membership Officer
Gisela Thaurer
Administration and Events Officer
Charmaine Ogilvie
Energy Pipelines Cooperative Research
Centre
Chief Executive Officer
Prof. Valerie Linton
Business Manager
Robert Newton
Admin Office
University of Wollongong,
Faculty of Engineering,
Northfields Ave, Wollongong
FP 4
Opp M&M
East Coast
MEMBERS AND MEMOS
MEMBERS AND MEMOS
Bilston leaves Galilee
Leadership change at SEA Gas

SEA Gas General Manager Ashley Kellett has stepped down from his position at
SEA Gas, and Ms Wendy Oldham has been appointed to take up the position.
Mr Kelletts successor, Ms Oldham, is originally from Melbourne and has
spent the last 25 years working for NT Gas and APA Group.
For 12 of these years she was General Manager.
In the role as General Manager of APA Groups Northern Territory gas
pipeline operations, Ms Oldham has been responsible for the safe
management and integrity of over 2,000 km of gas pipeline infrastructure,
leading a team of approximately 50 people spread out across the Northern
Territory.
Wendy has a strong focus on workplace and operation safety and with
her business and management skills she is well placed to continue to build
relationships and to provide leadership for SEA Gas through the next phase
of its development. She will be well supported by the SEA Gas team we
have established over the last 13 years, said Mr Kellett.
Mr Kellett stepped down on 22 February as General Manager of SEA Gas
after 13 years in the role.
I dont intend to disappear from the industry if I can still be of use, but
at 65 it seemed appropriate to start to wind down, Mr Kellett said.
Ashley Kellett.
Paul Bilston speaking at an APGA Dinner in Melbourne

in 2014.
Pipeliner news
After three years, former editor of The Australian Pipeliner,

Lyndsie Clark will be returning to the position of editor of the
publication.
Lyndsie has also been announced as General Manager
of Great Southern Press, taking over from
Ms Zelda Tupicoff.
You can congratulate Lyndsie at lclark@gs-press.com.au
Departing Pipeliner editor Sally Commins has taken a
position at APGA lead member CNC Project Management.
Sally took over as Editor of the Pipeliner in 2013 and
oversaw the magazines growth and redesign to what you
see today.
Always a popular person in the industry, Sally has been an
Sally Commins and Lyndsie Clark.
ever-present at APGA events over the years and has
developed many important relationships in and outside of the pipeline sector.
While the team at the Pipeliner will sorely miss her, we are very excited that she is remaining in the industry that she is so
passionate about.
Thank you for everything Sally, and all the best! You can reach Sally at sally.commins@cncprojects.com.au
Our Experience
QPH
1 Solutions
Delivers
Corrosion Control
(M&M feature)
Decmil Group has acquired the business assets of

Scope Australia, and with it has entered the EPC
market in Australia.
Acquired for $1.68 million, Scope specialises in
the delivery of study, project management,
engineering and design consultancy services to
range of industry sectors including mining,
resources, government and construction.
Decmil intends to utilise Scope Australia to expand
its business by entering the EPC market. In addition
to this, Decmil will deliver turnkey process
infrastructure solutions to the minerals sector and
EPC solutions in the utilities and government sectors.
Approximately 40 engineering professionals will
transfer with the business, which will continue to
trade under the established name of Scope
Australia.
Santos CEO Kevin Gallagher.
URS has been formally integrated into construction giant AECOM following a global acquisition at the end of 2015.
As a result of this, the URS brand has disappeared in Australia and the URS team across the country has been co-located with
AECOM.
Ashley Lang, who had been leading URS Australias oil and gas business, will continue in that role at AECOM, with her remit
now including New Zealand.
Sydney | Melbourne
Brisbane | Perth
Townsville | Auckland
New Plymouth
Australia Tel: 02 9763 5611 | New Zealand Tel: 09 415 2440 | www.cceng.com.au
THE AUSTRALIAN PIPELINER | FEBRUARY 2016
Decmil adds EPC capability
Santos CEO Kevin Gallagher continues his shake-up of the company with a
new executive team named to lead the company forward.
The executive team (Excom) will be made up of the following:
Bill Ovenden Vice President Exploration, accountable
developing and executing a targeted exploration strategy
Brett Woods Vice President Development, accountable for
delivering projects, sustaining capital work programs and nonoperated assets
Vince Santostefano Chief Operations Officer, accountable for
profit and loss of all Santos-operated producing assets
John Anderson Executive Vice President Commercial and
Business Development
Andrew Seaton Chief Financial Officer
Angus Jaffray Executive Vice President Strategy and Corporate
Services.
The appointment of the Excom is a key step in establishing a new
operating model for Santos that is focused on both lifting productivity
and driving long-term value for shareholders in a low oil price
environment, said Mr Gallagher.
The new model involves a move away from geographic-based
business units to an
asset-focused model
with strong technical
capabilities in our
primary business of
exploration,
development and
production of oil and
natural gas both
onshore and offshore.
The transition to
the new model will be
an orderly process
over the next few
months, consistent
with our commitment
to safe sustainable
development and
operations.
URS integrates into AECOM
Australasias Most Experienced

Cathodic Protection Specialist
10
Santos revamps executive line-up
Paul Bilston moved on from his role as Executive

Director at Galilee Energy to take up a position as
Project Manager at Jemena for the Northern Gas
Pipeline.
Galilee Energy Chairman David King stated:
The board would like to thank Paul for his
efforts and support of the company and, while
I am disappointed to lose his skills and
experience on the board, I would like to wish
him well in what is a very exciting and
challenging new role.
Interested in submitting an item to Members and Memos?

Email The Australian Pipeliner Associate Editor Stuart Scudamore with your pipeline company news at
sscudamore@gs-press.com.au
THE AUSTRALIAN PIPELINER | FEBRUARY 2016
11
WA off to a
swinging start
Always a hugely popular event to
start off the year, the 2016 APGA
Western Australian Golf Day and
Dinner was no exception.
he city of Perth put on one of its

finest days, and the pipeliners
flocked to the Maylands Peninsula
Golf Course early to get nice and limber
for a big day on the green.
While the only thing saving the golfers
from the relentless heat was a light cool
breeze, nothing was going to stop the
pipeliners from competing as fiercely as
ever.
With some memorable (and not-somemorable) shots to highlight the day, the
pipeliners returned to the club house for
some well-earned refreshments and a bit
of fun with a putting competition.
The winners were announced at the

dinner that evening with the team from
Denso made up of Spencer Macsween,
David Towns, Jason Dagg and Graeme
Sims taking out the top honours.
Once again proving to be one of the
most popular events on the APGA circuit,
the WA Golf Day and Dinner was proudly
sponsored by; AJ Lucas; Allodium; APA
Group; APTS; Atteris; Canusa CPS;
Century West Transport; Crest Coatings;
Denso; Enerflex; Fyfe; KD1; Lean Field
Development; McConnell Dowell;
Mitubulars; Monadelphous KT; Murphy
Pipe and Civil; Nobles; OSD; PLM-CAT;
PM Piping; Spie Plexal; TD Williamson;
Valmec; and 360 Logistics.
Above: A pipeliner making sure of a strong finish

on the sixth hole.
Below: The winners from Denso (from left)
David Towns, Spencer Macsween, Graeme Sims
and Jason Dagg.
FP 5
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Wolf Energy
Working Better Together
Wolf Energy is one of the most innovative and experienced

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detailed design, through to procurement, construction,
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CONTACT
1300 262 110
contact@wolfenergy.com.au
www.wolfenergy.com.au
12
A lesson in
ethics for
Brisbane
Ethics play a major role in the
safety culture of organisations
according to Professor Jan Hayes,
who presented to 250 pipeline
industry dinner guests at the
APGA February Brisbane dinner.
rofessor Hayes, who has had a large

involvement in the development of
safety practices and policy for the
pipeline industry, outlined findings from
her research as an Associate Professor at
RMIT University and the Energy Pipelines
CRC, and how they were applicable to the
pipeline industry.
Central to her findings was that all
safety decisions have embedded cost
considerations (whether acknowledged or
not), and that engineering analysis can
Professor Jan Hayes addresses delegates.
14
Delegates enjoying pre-drinks at the Brisbane dinner.
support good decision making but

ultimately implementing a healthy safety
culture is a matter of judgement for
management.
Further, Professor Hayes implored
attendees to understand that the principle
of as low as reasonably practicable is

critical for industry and for the industrys
standard, AS 2885.
The dinner, which was held on
17 February, was sponsored by GHD and
Wasco.
APGA Chief Executive Cheryl Cartwright addresses dinner delegates.

FP 6
Ditch Witch
International
insight for
Melbourne
members
WorleyParsons has been involved
in many challenging projects;
however, constructing the Trans
Anatolian Pipeline, which traverses
much of Turkey, was one of its
toughest jobs yet, Peter Cox told
the audience at the recent APGA
Melbourne dinner.
Peter Cox presents at the APGA Melbourne dinner.
r Cox, an APGA board member

and WorleyParsons Global
Vice President Pipeline
Systems, outlined how the construction of
the 1,841 km pipeline had to contend
with multiple governments, jurisdictions,
temperatures and cultures in order to be
successfully developed.
Mr Cox discussed how WorleyParsons
needed to adapt to the numerous

challenges presented by the enormous
project, and what did and didnt work
for the company.
Once completed, the pipeline will run
from Azerbaijan, Georgia and Turkey to
Europe. It will be a central part of the
Southern Gas Corridor, which will
connect the giant Shah Deniz gas field in
Raising the
bar at the
New Zealand
dinner
The Australian Pipelines and Gas
Associations presence continues
to grow across the ditch with a
strong turnout at the associations
New Zealand dinner in March.
pproximately 30 New Zealand and

Australian pipeliners were present
to witness Murphy Pipe and Civils
Head of International Pipelines and
16
Executive General Manager Business

Strategy and APGA Treasurer Tony
OSullivan talk on the state of the pipeline
and gas industries and planning for future
progress. Having worked in the pipeline
construction business for over 20 years,
and with extensive managerial experience,
Mr OSullivan spoke about the variety of
pipeline projects he has worked on, as
well as the lessons he has learned which
have prepared him for future challenges.
The speech provoked much conversation,
which continued later into the night over
a few cool refreshments.
The APGA New Zealand Dinner was
sponsored by Core Group and Pipeline
Speciality Supply Service Pty Ltd.
Azerbaijan to Europe through the South

Caucasus Pipeline, TANAP and the Trans
Adriatic Pipeline. It is estimated to cost
more than US$11 billion, and will be fully
completed in 2018.
The dinner was sponsored by
McConnell Dowell and Zinfra.
Murphy Pipe and Civils Head of International

Pipelines and Executive General Manager Business
Strategy and APGA Treasurer Tony OSullivan
FP 7
Vacuworx
Benefits of gas
outlined in
Adelaide
Approximately 90 pipeliners
attended the APGAs March
Adelaide Dinner to hear Australian
Gas Networks CEO Ben Wilson
outline the benefits customers can
have from switching to natural gas.
r Wilson outlined how, for

many years, government policy
has disadvantaged natural gas
for electricity generation and for use in
households.
Policies that encourage the development
of renewable energy are clearly needed for
a future of reduced carbon emissions, but
those policies should not discourage the use
of gas which can help Australia make the
low carbon transition, said Mr Wilson.
Natural gas is a low-carbon fuel;

electricity generated by gas has less than
half the emissions of electricity generated
by coal. Gas used directly in the home is
even better; for electricity in the home to
compete on emissions, half of it would

need to be generated by renewables.
The Adelaide dinner was sponsored by
GPA Engineering and PII Pipeline
Solutions.
HPH 2
Stockton
18
FP 8
Rosen
APGA Immediate Past President Mark Dayman presents Australian Gas Networks CEO Ben Wilson with an
APGA Owner Member plaque.
LOOKING AHEAD.
We plan for the future. More than one-third of ROSEN employees
work in research and development, creating innovative products
needed by the industry. An investment we are proud of.
www.rosen-group.com
Young pipeliner profile

Name: Liam Hatchell
Age: 32
Company: QGC
Position: Lead Project Engineer Trunklines
How did you become involved in the
pipeline industry?
Originally from the United Kingdom, as

a child I got a taste of the oil and gas
expatriate life and travelled throughout
South East Asia, finally settling down in
Perth where I followed in my fathers
footsteps and entered the oil and gas
industry myself.
After completing an engineering degree
at the University of Western Australia
I found myself working for Alinta on the
Dampier to Bunbury Natural Gas Pipeline
(DBNGP) Project.
It was here that I met some of my first
pipeline mentors and realised just how
enjoyable this industry is and how well
Id fit in.
Describe your current role in the

industry.
My role at QGC currently sees me

managing the engineering, procurement,
and construction phases of the two
Charlie trunklines being installed as part
of the Queensland Curtis LNG (QCLNG)
Phase 2 Project. These two DN900
pipelines will be the largest installed by
QGC under the QCLNG Upstream
development to date.
In my personal time I also volunteer
with Standards Australias ME38
committees, specifically as Australias
nominated ISO representative. In this
position I manage Australian engagement
within the 24 pipeline related ISO
standards and attend regular international
meetings to review progress and
development of these global standards.
THE YPF IS ESSENTIALLY THE SPRINGBOARD THAT YOUNG PEOPLE NEED INTO
A WEALTH OF KNOWLEDGE AND EXPERIENCE.
Liam Hatchell, QGC Lead Project Engineer Trunklines
What pipeline projects have you

been involved with?
I have been involved in a number of

pipeline projects both small and large, the
most notable and memorable being
DBNGP Stage 5, Arrows Bowen Basin
Development, and QCLNG Upstream.
Having been involved with the QCLNG
project for five years now has been a
fantastic experience, and alone has
provided me with the unparalleled
opportunity to be involved with the full
lifecycle of 28 pipelines, from FEED
through to handover to operations.
involved and to network with people who

may otherwise seem unreachable.
The YPF has achieved this in part thanks
to the commitment from the younger
members, but also through our mentors
actively becoming engaged and supporting
the group. Not only have the networks Ive
made through the YPF helped my career,
but Ive also gained many lasting friendships.
What role does the YPF play for

young people in the industry?
In addition to the strong networks it

builds, the YPF is there to give its
members the means to develop their own
skills and knowledge. We hold a broad
range of events which are both educational
and social, and every member is welcome
to become as involved as they wish.
How long have you been involved in

the YPF?
In only my first few months of joining

the industry I was introduced to the YPF
through some very passionate members of
the WA Division, and was immediately
hooked. Only a short time later I had
managed to negotiate myself onto the
committee itself and have been heavily
involved ever since.
Of the nine years Ive been involved Ive
been fortunate to be on the committee of
both the WA and QLD divisions, and have
spent time as the State Representative
of both.
QGC Engineer Liam Hatchell.
Do you have any advice for people

just now entering the industry?
First: get involved and enjoy every

moment of it. An amazing amount of
opportunities open up to those who are
willing to jump in and give it a go.
Second: learn from those around you.
There are many people in this industry
who have done it before and are more
than willing to tell you a story or lend
their advice, you need only ask.
MY
CY
CMY
Why is the YPF an important

part of the Australian pipeline
industry?
What value do pipeline companies

and organisations get from being
involved in the YPF?
The YPF is essentially the springboard

that young people need into a wealth of
knowledge and experience.
It provides young members of the
industry with the opportunity to become
CM
Want to advertise in this new regular

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Contact Sales Manager David Marsh at
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20
Supporting the YPF has many benefits

for individual pipeline organisations.
The YPF members themselves learn
skills, gain knowledge, and build a
network across all aspects of the industry
which they then bring back to the
organisation.
Further, in my experience Ive found that
most YPF members are very grateful for the
opportunity to develop personally. When a
company supports the individual it is
recognised and appreciated, with loyalty
being gained as a result.
If youre under 40 and not yet involved in your states YPF chapter, visit
the APGA website www.apga.org.au to sign up and start meeting your
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WE HAVE THE CURE FOR

CORROSION AT PIPE SUPPORTS:
Queenslanders off to a strong start

By Jordan McCollum, Pipeline Strategic Operability Lead, Origin Energy
The Queensland YPF has hit 2016 running, and has hosted two educational events for its members thus far.
he first was an educational session

presented and sponsored by APA
Group, which saw 50 young
pipeliners exposed to the inner workings
of major gas transmission pipeline
projects.
The title of the presentation by
Warwick Tidswell and Kerryanne Mallitt
was Asset creation - from cradle to grave,
and the presenters provided their insights
to the successful management of a project
from concept to operation. It was a
light-hearted but informative session
which provoked interesting questions and
ongoing conversation well after official
proceedings had wrapped up. It was a
tremendous opportunity for young people
in the industry to learn about gas
transmission projects.
Less than two weeks later the
ME-038 Standards Committee, which is
responsible for AS 2885: Pipelines Gas
and Liquid Petroleum, held its regular
meeting in Brisbane. This provided an
opportunity for the Queensland YPF, with
sponsorship from Origin Energy, to
arrange a networking and educational
event with some of the most influential
names in the pipeline industry.
Twenty-four young pipeliners had an
opportunity to meet the 12 very
experienced ME-038 committee members
at the Gresham in Brisbanes CBD.
Committee chair Susan Jaques provided
an overview of the ME-038 Standards
Committee and Peter Tuft provided an
overview and update on AS2885 sections
zero, one and six. Andrew Pearce
provided an entertaining description of
the offshore pipeline industry; Michael
Malavazos provided the regulators point
of view; Craig Bonar challenged the
crowd to think about the big challenges
within the pipeline industry; and
Ed Gaykema detailed the impact of
AS 2885 on a pipeline operations business
as well as the pending update to part three.
Qld YPF ME-038 committee member,
22
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Queensland YPF members enjoy the presentation and refreshments.
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These events are fantastic opportunities
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message through the event being the fact

that AS 2885 is developed by pipeliners,
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Brewing for a big 2016

By Tane Bowels, Mechanical Engineer, GPA Engineering
On Saturday 27 February, a group of 18 South Australian Young Pipeliners convened for a day of socialising and
beer appreciation.
he day included visiting four

microbreweries in the Adelaide
hills for a beer tasting plate at each.
The event was suggested by the South
Australian (SA) YPF community as a
substitute to the annual wine tour and,
although the beer was no Barossa Shiraz,
it was delicious nonetheless.
After initial introductions everyone
settled in for the bus trip to the first
destination, Prancing Pony in Mt Barker.
Although it was early, conversations about
the past year and future prospects was a
key talking point among everyone while
the first beer platter of the day was enjoyed.
The second stop was Grumpys
Brewery, for some amazing wood oven
pizza and another beer tasting, with
conversation switching between the
pilsner, ale or lager being tasted, and the

latest major pipeline projects.
This trend continued at the following
two breweries as Adelaide turned on
another great summer day for the event.
The final location back in Adelaide gave
everyone one last chance for a final drink
and discussion before departing.
The event was a great success providing

a chance for the SA YPF to catch up and
discuss all things 2016.
The SA YPF would like to thank the
event sponsors APA Group, GPA
Engineering and Pentair without whom
the day would not have been possible.
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EPCRC
Innovative future: long-term support for the

broader Australian pipeline industry
By Valerie Linton, Chief Executive Officer, Energy Pipelines CRC
The Energy Pipelines CRC has contributed solid research outcomes and support to the Australian pipeline
industry, particularly to members of the Australian Pipelines and Gas Association Research and Standards
Committee, since 2010.
hrough this partnership, researchers and industry advisors

working with the Energy Pipelines CRC have helped
inform standards as well as develop technologies and
practices that are of significant value to industry.
This was clearly seen recently at the annual Cooperative
Research Centres Association (CRCA) National Conference held
this year in Brisbane. The event was an excellent opportunity to
meet with fellow Cooperative Research Centres as well as
business leaders and politicians with a keen interest in the
innovative future of Australia.
A key highlight of this conference was the Deakin
Universitybased National Facility for Pipeline Coatings
Assessment (NFPCA) being recognised with an Excellence in
Innovation Award by the CRCA. This award is given to CRC
initiatives which embrace the core ethos of the CRC program:
bringing industry and research together to improve the
commercial effectiveness of Australian business and benefit the
broader community. This prestigious honour highlights the value
and significance of the NFPCA to the Australian pipeline industry
as well as the importance of continued research into pipeline
integrity.
The success of the NFPCA at this event, as well as its recent
NATA accreditation, is testament to the hard work of the
research team at Deakin University as well as input from industry
advisors who have provided their time to support the laboratory.
At this event I met with Mr Ken Fitzpatrick, the chair of the
new industry growth centre for Oil, Gas and Energy Resources.
The establishment of this growth centre was announced by the
Commonwealth Government in February. The growth centre has
now been rebranded as National Energy Resources Australia
(NERA) and is based in Perth. The mission for NERA is to work
towards seeing that the Australian energy sector will be a
sustainable, innovative, globally competitive and productive
world leader by 2025.
NERA and the other industry growth centres are the
cornerstone of the current governments strategy for innovation
and economic growth in strategic areas.
My meeting with Ken was productive and highlighted the
mutual interests of NERA and the Energy Pipelines CRC. NERA
is currently establishing itself and starting their work of
supporting the industry. I look forward to working with NERA in
the future.
In February the Energy Pipelines CRC Board approved a
business plan to see the organisation move beyond the scheduled
end to the current round of Commonwealth funding in mid-2019
while also supporting the delivery all of its current obligations.
At the core of this business plan are three main objectives which
26
Energy Pipelines CRC CEO Valerie Linton.
will drive operations through this period. At this time I would

like to share with you two important objectives which I believe
are essential. These are:
Continuing to deliver the currently contracted work
outlined in the Commonwealth Agreement
Maintaining and improving upon the benefits to
stakeholders.
The research goals outlined in the current Commonwealth
Agreement are crucial to the long-term success and resilience of
the Australian pipeline industry. Those who have attended Energy
Pipelines CRC/APGA RSC research seminars will know the
breadth of knowledge that has been accumulated since 2010 and
is continuing to grow. Our four major research programs into
materials, coatings and corrosion, construction and design as well
as public safety and security of supply have tangible benefits
across the entire industry and it is important that our contracted
work in these areas is completed.
Our stakeholders, including the APGA, play an important role
in supporting current research projects as well as leading the
development of future projects. In return, the industry-led
research is set up and delivered in such a way as to provide value
through quantifiable savings as well as providing the workforce
with the latest updates in best practices.
The coming years will be an exciting time for all of those
involved with the Energy Pipelines CRC. As we shape the future
of this organisation together, ongoing engagement with APGA
and groups such as NERA will be essential to ensuring that the
needs of the Australian pipeline industry can be met well into the
future by providing innovative and industry-focused outcomes for
Australias critical infrastructure.
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Choose your path: the

future for Australias
gas market
By Jeff D. Makholm, Senior Vice President, NERA Economic
Consulting
Around the turn of the millennium, regulatory and

judicial authorities confronted several forks in the road
ahead regarding Australias gas market. The choices they
made forged the present reality in eastern Australia
an illiquid and opaque gas market with pricing
problems and consumer discontent from Queensland
to Tasmania.
n 1996, the Australian Competition Tribunal (ACT), in a

highly contested case, rejected the Australian Competition and
Consumer Commissions (ACCC) claim that anticompetitive
detriments outweighed the original public benefits of producer
joint marketing agreements.
As a result, the Cooper Basin joint venture continues to
effectively dominate the sale of that gas through pipelines to
Sydney and Adelaide.
In 1998, the Victorian Treasury, over the public objections of
gas producers (whom I spoke for), borrowed from its recent
electricity market design to impose market carriage (a truly
Orwellian label) on the Victorian gas transmission system with
the privatisation of gas and fuel of Victoria. Market carriage
socialised pipeline costs, dissolved pipeline capacity rights and
created a regulatory barrier to gas shipments at Victorias borders
and deterred investment.
In 2001, the Australian Capital Territory, in another highly
contested case, limited the ability of the National Competition
Council (NCC) to recommend regulatory coverage for new
pipelines, finding that the Eastern Gas Pipeline did not meet the
National Gas Law criteria for coverage (I testified for the NCC in
that case: we lost). The ACT set the bar for coverage so high that
it effectively deregulated all new gas pipelines and set the stage
for the subsequent removal of coverage from most other
significant transmission pipelines.
These past choices in isolation and surely unconsciously
undermined Prime Minister Keatings 1995 call for free and fair
trade in natural gas.
Each body, dealing with narrow questions at different times,
would not have known the effect of their decisions on a broader
competitive public policy. But the cumulative outcome of these
choices, among others, created a gas market in eastern Australia
beset with large-scale private arbitrations, a lack of competitive
price discovery and barriers to competitive entry not free and
fair trade.
28
Jeff Makholm, Senior Vice President, NERA Economic Consulting
Today, Australian authorities face a new fork in the road ahead.

Right now, the Australian Energy Market Commission (AEMC)
is drafting reform recommendations to the Energy Council. This
time, we all can anticipate the broader consequences of their
choices, for we have a definitive international perspective on the
possible paths ahead.
Since the last time Australia considered major regulatory
change, the United States (US) gas market has adapted to its
competitive new regulatory regime to tremendous effect
embracing advanced technology to spur the entry of shale gas;
tilting the competitive electricity generation mix away from coal;
pouring investment into new competitive pipeline links; driving
the competitive gas price away from oil prices down to lows not
seen since the 1970s (AU$2/gigajoule).
Rather than Australias patchwork of over- and under-regulation,
the US chose to regulate broadly and fairly with a masterpiece of
restraint: 282 federal employees in the gas division of the Federal
Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) and a 2015 budget of
AU$87 million all in dealing with licensing and ratemaking
for three quarters of the worlds gas pipelines.
The US system reflects a brilliant paradox each interstate
pipeline mile is, and has been for more than 75 years, subject to
ultra-transparent licensing and skilful cost-based regulation of
pipeline prices.
However, capacity rights in those pipelines trade among
shippers in unregulated sublet markets. Gas producers can reach
any buyer on the interstate pipeline system simply by acquiring
capacity rights at the going price no regulator involved.
As such, simply reaching any interstate pipeline ends the
competitive journey to market for producers, hence the veritable
explosion in technologically driven competitive innovation and
the financial industry capital to support it. And at the same time,
US gas pipelines, with their federal licenses and regulated prices,
are more profitable as a group than ever (certainly more so than
their Australian counterparts).
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FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, IN COLLABORATION WITH THE STATES, COULD

TURN TO A CONTINENTAL GAS MARKET REGIME THAT SO EVIDENTLY WORKS,
VISIBLE IN NORTH AMERICA NOW IF NOT 15 YEARS AGO.
Dr Jeff Makholm, Vice President, NERA Consulting
European Union (EU) regulators chose an uncompetitive path,

burdened by political and institutional endowments that
inherently obstruct gas markets: sovereign internal borders;
resistance to independent regulation or transparency; and
protectionism for individual member-state gas champions.
While seemingly calling for competition, EU gas legislation has
put a competitive gas market further out of reach. It forbids
transparency, outlaws physical-path pipeline prices, interposes an
EU-wide electricity market design and promotes an explosion of
new regulatory intervention.
As a result, EU gas prices remain closely linked to oil spot
equivalents (about AU$5.64/gigajoule), new pipeline construction
in Western Europe is the slowest in the world, US coal heads to
Europe where it can compete, evident shale gas remains firmly in
the ground, and the financial industry shows no interest in
forming futures markets in the business.
The results for European gas consumers are terrible. Europeans
have paid a stupefying AU$692 billion yes, billion more than

Americans in the past six years for the gas that flows through
European pipelines.
Those who observe Europe have reason to be dispirited.
Europes institutional path dependency is a powerful force. It is
hard to foresee the reform of that system anytime soon, despite
the evident cost.
But Australia is not beset by the EUs institutional baggage.
It has reason to be hopeful as it faces the next fork in the road.
The Federal Government, in collaboration with the states, could
turn to a continental gas market regime that so evidently works,
visible in North America now if not 15 years ago.
Such reform could rescue Australias gas market from its
illiquidity and opacity, embrace regulatory restraint, invite the
financial markets in, create competitive price discovery and
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INDUSTRY NEWS
Forging our own

path: the future for
Australias gas market
By Steve Davies, Policy Manager, Australian Pipelines and Gas
Association
This edition of Pipeliner features an article by

Dr Jeff Makholm of NERA Economic Consulting, on
the economics of international pipelines. Dr Makholm
has advised business and government and his insights
are one of the inputs to the current debate about
Australias gas markets.
he Australian Pipelines and Gas Association (APGA) agrees

with many of the key points of Dr Makholms
advice importantly, that pipeline capacity purchased
under contract must be a fungible property right in order for it to
be traded.
However, there are some aspects of Dr Makholms advice that
reflect ingrained cultural and institutional differences between the
United States (US) and Australia, and we need to recognise these
before we stampede headlong into adopting a US style pipeline
market model.
Dr Makholm measures Americas success by four key metrics:
a low gas commodity price; the profitability of pipeline
companies; a vibrant market for secondary pipeline capacity; and
the limited regulatory burden.
In this article we attempt to better understand what is driving
these metrics of success.
Low gas price
In recent years in the US has seen massive discoveries of shale

gas flooding the market. This has caused the price to fall
dramatically, to the point where it has displaced a large quantity
of western Canadian supply. It is this drop in fuel costs that has
stimulated demand and caused a shift to gas-fired electricity
generation. This has caused the US coal to need to find new
markets, leading to it being shipped to Europe, where it can
compete as a fuel against Russian gas.
So the first marker of success, the low commodity price, is not
driven by pipeline regulatory arrangements, but by a flood of
product onto the market.
Do we see any similar supply shocks on the horizon in the
Australian market? Arguably we did, in the development of the
coal seam gas fields, but we should remember that those
discoveries were almost entirely earmarked for export, causing
price increases as traditional domestic supply seeks access to
higher margin export markets.
Considering the current moratoria on onshore gas exploration
in Victoria and CSG in NSW and an apparent lack of competition
32
Steve Davies, Policy Manager, Australian Pipelines and Gas Association.
IN ORDER TO ACHIEVE SUCCESS

IN THIS AREA AKIN TO WHAT
THE US HAS ACHIEVED, WE
WOULD NEED TO BE PREPARED
TO MAKE THE FUNDAMENTAL
CHANGES TO OUR REGULATORY
FRAMEWORK, INCLUDING A REGIME
THAT ENCOURAGES VIGOROUS
COMPETITION IN THE UPSTREAM
SECTOR.
in the upstream industry in general, it does not seem likely that
we will see such an industry-shocking increase in supply in the
near term.
Profitability of pipeline companies
APGA agrees with Dr Makholm that virtually all US pipelines

are fully regulated. But paradoxically, this is why they are so
profitable.
This is driven by two key institutional features of the US
regulatory regime: historical cost rate making with no indexation
of the asset base; and the pipeliner decides if and when to lodge a
rate application.
In a historical cost environment, the value of the rate base will
decay over time through depreciation. Other things being equal,
regulated pipeline tariffs would therefore have a natural tendency
to decline over time.
The pipeline company therefore has a disincentive to lodge a
rate application, because the tariffs derived through that rate
process are likely to be lower than the existing posted tariffs.
Moreover, if a pipeliner lodged its last rate case in a relatively
high cost of capital environment, it is highly unlikely to lodge a
rate case that would see its allowed return on capital (and tariffs)
reduced.
The net book value of the asset in the businesss financial
accounts are reported in nominal dollars less depreciation,
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so its financial statements will report revenues (based on the

original cost of the asset) over its net book value. Its reported
profitability will be very good indeed.
Under this model, the pipeline company also gets to keep any
efficiency gains it is able to make, possibly in perpetuity.
This does not happen in Australia, as the regulatory framework
generally requires the asset base to be indexed for inflation. Very
little depreciation is deducted from the value of the capital base,
and therefore the posted tariff would not be expected to follow a
downward trajectory. Moreover, the Australian framework
requires the business to lodge an updated access arrangement
every five years. Any efficiency gains benefit the business for only
five years.
Vibrant market for secondary capacity
American pipeline customers also know the regulatory

framework, and they know that pipeline charges should tend to
fall over time. They also know that the Gas Act includes
provisions that would allow customers to apply to Federal Energy
Regulatory Commission (FERC) to compel the business to lodge a
rate case something, as discussed above, that the business does
not want to do.
The savvy pipeline customer will negotiate a discount with the
pipeliner based on the threat of an application to the FERC; the
pipeliner is relatively happy to agree, as this discount only applies
to this customers volumes.
That savvy customer can then sell its unused capacity in the
secondary market, at a discount to the published tariff, and turn a
profit on the sale. In America, where there is money to be made,
there will be a vibrant market in which to make it - and indeed
there is.
As discussed above, there is no natural decay in Australian
regulatory counterfactual tariffs to give the pipelines scope to
negotiate a discount with customers. There is, therefore, little
scope for shippers to sell unutilised capacity at a profit, and as a
result there is no market for secondary capacity.
Thats not the only reason for the absence of a strong
secondary market for capacity in Australia, importantly, we have
a lack of market participants to drive demand for secondary
capacity. When considering what potential there is for an
increased number of market participants, it is important to note
that 80 per cent of east coast gas reserves are held by the three
Queensland LNG joint ventures.
In Australia, we are now contemplating a more liquid
secondary market for capacity driven not by the potential for
profit, but by shippers fear of missing out. It is anticipated that
the day-ahead capacity auction proposed by the Australian Energy
Market Commission (AEMC) will drive shippers to offer capacity
for trade at any price, as the alternative is market participants will
often be able to access pipeline capacity through the auction at
potentially very low prices, with the revenue going to pipeline
operators.
Low regulatory costs
Finally, Dr Makholm refers to low regulatory administration

costs, using the low the FERC head count, as a measure of
success. But what is driving this efficiency?
34
First as discussed above, pipeline companies choose when to

lodge a rate application. Pipelines will not choose to lodge rate
applications to have their allowed cost of capital determined in
this low interest rate environment, so the FERC will handle few
rate cases indeed.
The FERC, to its credit, has developed a highly effective
regulatory process, from which we can learn. We might call it the
regulatory director approach. The FERC has spent decades
developing intrusive, rigid, ineffective and sometimes damaging
regulatory regimes. With that history, it is now in a position to
issue a direction along the lines of: Capacity trading is a problem.
You have two years to sort it out, or we are going to impose a
regulatory solution, and youre not going to like it.
This kind of regulatory approach has proven to be highly
effective at encouraging industry action to quickly reach solutions
to problems. But this approach does not require a battalion of
regulatory legislative draftspersons and compliance staff; it is not
terribly resource intensive in head count terms, so it comes at
quite a low cost.
It is worth noting that this is the approach the gas transmission
pipeline industry has suggested should be applied by the AEMC
in the current gas markets framework review.
In Australia, we too have relatively low regulatory costs. In our
case, the cost is low compared to what it might be if all
infrastructure was regulated. Costs are kept low through selective
regulation. Some observers bemoan this fact and point to it as
evidence our access regime is ineffective.
Dr Makholm incorrectly suggests it is an accidental outcome. It
is important to remember that regulatory outcomes for access of
infrastructure are rarely, if ever, optimal. The designers of our
access regime recognised this and sought to limit the application
of the regime to instances of demonstrated monopoly. In its last
review of the national access regime, the Productivity
Commission stated that the limited competition of a duopoly
produces superior outcomes to those that are produced through
regulation.
Given that gas is a fuel of choice in this country, users can
source gas from multiple basins and we have an increasing level of
interconnection, it should be no surprise that there are very few
pipelines that are covered. The competition that these factors
produce is superior to the outcomes wed see in an environment
of complete regulation, a fact that is often overlooked.
Making our own path
Could we replicate the USs success in transmission pipeline

regulation? Of course we could, but defining the path to success
must recognise the starting point, and our starting point (that is,
where we are today) is quite different from the current structure
of the US regulatory framework.
In order to achieve success in this area akin to what the US has
achieved, we would need to be prepared to make the fundamental
changes to our regulatory framework, including a regime that
encourages vigorous competition in the upstream sector.
It may be a worthy journey, but we must acknowledge our
starting point. And if we do that, we are likely to conclude that
the destination for Australias gas market is somewhat different
from the gas market in the US or Europe.
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Australias energy: gas on the front line

A joint brochure released by Australias leading gas associations Australian Pipelines and Gas Association
(APGA), Energy Network Association (ENA) and the Australian Petroleum Production and Exploration
Association (APPEA) has highlighted the critical importance of natural gas for Australias energy security.
ustralias bright gas future:

competitive, clean and reliable
(ABGF) outlines the case for gas in
Australias energy market, citing that the
gas industry continues to deliver
low-emissions energy to the nation,
providing energy security and convenience
at a competitive price.
Accounting for nearly one-quarter of
primary energy consumption and one-fifth
of electricity generation, gas is one of
Australias highest valued resources. In
fact, natural gas is the nations largest
provider of stationary energy.
More than half of the gas produced in
Australia is shipped overseas, with the
nation currently the worlds third largest
producer of LNG.
The Australian gas market is divided in
to three distinct regions; eastern
(Queensland, New South Wales,
Australian Capital Territory, Victoria,
Tasmania and South Australia), western
36
(Western Australia) and northern

(Northern Territory).
Making up these markets are more
100,000 km of gas pipelines that service
the needs of 4.5 million Australians.
Pipeline connection
Every molecule of gas used in Australia

is transported via natural gas pipelines and
pipelines will continue to be of vital
importance to the nations energy security.
Still the most economical way to
transport gas, pipelines will be needed to
support local as well as international
demand for what is one of Australias
leading products.
According to the ABGF report gas
networks safely and reliably deliver an
important source of energy to around half
of Australian households. Gas is delivered
straight from production centres via a
pipeline network which is predominantly
underground and rarely affected by
22%
Gas share of
electricity
generation
2013-14
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50%
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production is
exported
48%
Australian gas
production comes
from Western
Australia
cent reduction in residential network

charges, which would equate to saving up
to $46 on the annual bill.
While in Victoria, Ausnet Services
Home delivery
customers experienced a fall in network
Gas is one of the cheapest energy
costs of 17 per cent in 2013 and a further
sources available to Australian consumers,
6 per cent in 2014, while Multinet
in some cases up to 80 per cent lower than
Services customers were the beneficiaries
mains electricity on an equivalent energy
of a 13 per cent saving in 2013.
basis.
These falling network costs, in
Across the states gas saves customers
conjunction with increased retail
money, with network operators
competition, means that residential gas
continuing work to reduce network
prices are set to remain competitive
charges.
despite rising wholesale prices.
Over the next five years in New South
According to Energy in Australia 2015,
Wales, Jemenas customers are expected to
a report released by the Department of
see savings of up to $118 per year due to a
Industry, Innovation and Science,
34 per cent reduction in network charges.
Australian gas consumption has been
In South Australia, Australian Gas
Peter_Norman_Personnel_TAP_Feb16_QPS.pdf
1
27/11/2015
5:04 pm
growing steadily at an average rate of
Networks recently proposed an 11 per
natural disasters such as bushfires, floods
or high winds.
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38%
of Australias gas is
used for electricity
generation 2013-14
3.7 per cent per year over the last decade.

The report highlights that one of the
reasons for the growth in gas consumption
is reflected in the greater uptake of gas in
electricity generation, as well as its
increased use in mining and industry.
Natural gas consumption was 1,402
petajoules in 2013-14, according to the
report, which is equal to 24 per cent of
energy consumption.
FP 17
Worldwide
Machinery
Industrial action
The ABGF Report highlights the role

that natural gas plays in Australias
industrial operations.
Commonly used to generate electricity,
heat and steam, natural gas is used in the
production of alumina refining and
beverage and grocery production as well
as being vital as an input in the production
fertilisers, cleaners, polymers and
refrigerants.
Gas is also at the forefront of industrial
innovation, with cases of increased
efficiency, cleaner energy and economic
growth coming from the use of natural
gas.
For example, the report highlights
natural gas desiccant systems used for
dehumidification provide major benefits to
plastics, pharmaceutical and recycling
industries.
The Energy in Australia 2015 report
also discusses the increase of gas usage in
industrial sectors, stating that the
electricity generation sector remains the
largest user of gas in Australia, accounting
for 38 per cent of gas consumption in
2013-14.
The Government report also found that
the manufacturing sector accounted for
31 per cent of consumption, with the
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Gas provides more energy to the

home than does electricity
Gas is largest provider of stationary

energy (oil is largest energy overall,
but its mainly in transport)
18%
Coal seam gas share 2014-15
largest manufacturing consumers being

non-ferrous metals and chemical, polymer
and product manufacturing industries,
backing-up the report from the gas
industry associations.
Steering towards a cleaner future
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It is becoming clearer that natural gas

has an important role to play in the
transition from fossil fuels to renewable
energy.
According to ABGF natural gas offers a
number of environmental benefits over
other energy sources and is the least
carbon intensive fossil fuel and creates less
particulates and other air pollution.
Despite the proven benefits of using
natural gas to deliver power to the
electricity networks, coal remains the
go-to power source.
Indeed, the report states that: the
intermittent nature of renewable sources
needs is balanced by power generation
systems that are able to rapidly adapt to
differing energy supply requirements. Gas
power generation is the only technology
to offer the rapid response required to
work with intermittent power generation.
Gas can provide a cleaner, more easily
adjustable source of power than coal to
support the growth of alternative power
sources.
The report states that Australias
network of natural gas infrastructure
complements the electricity network and
assists in mitigating peak electricity
demand.
Working in tandem with the electricity
networks, Australias gas resources, pipeline
infrastructure and distribution networks
provides energy for water heating, cooking
and space heating to 4.3 million homes and
133,000 commercial businesses, with
natural gas generating 20 per cent of
Australias electricity.
FP 18
SpieCapag
INDUSTRY NEWS
STATS GROUP
Northern gas for an eastern market

The development of Jemenas Northern Gas Pipeline is rightly the talk of the Australian pipeline industry, with it
being a major step towards a national gas grid and a huge new project for a quiet industry.
ith construction due to start in

early 2017, the 622 km, likely
14 inch pipeline is currently
going through the approval and concept
stage, including pipe size and processing
options.
Most approvals have been granted, and
pending all the land along the route is
secured, first gas is expected to flow from
2018.
Contracts update
The construction scope for the high

pressure gas pipeline connecting Tennant
Creek to Mt Isa includes two compressor
stations as well as gas treatment facilities,
with the value of construction work
expected to exceed $300 million.
Operator Jemena is managing
engineering, all procurement and
construction contracts as separate work
packages.
McConnell Dowell was awarded the
construction contract for the pipeline and
facilities under an Early Contractor
Involvement model in November 2015.
Under the Early Contractor Involvement
model, Jemena and McConnell Dowell
will work collaboratively together during
the planning phase in 2016, while
Jemenas Industry Participation Plan
targets for local business contracts and
employment are shared by McConnell
Dowell.
The design and engineering contract for
the pipeline was awarded to GPA
Engineering, while the engineering
contract for the facilities was awarded to
KBR.
MRC Global has been awarded the
contract to supply 636 km of X70 grade
high-pressure coated pipe and induction
bends, with delivery expected to
commence in late 2016.
Additional contracts have also been
awarded to EcOz (environmental
consultation), Circle Advisory (indigenous
and local business participation
consultation) and Maloney Field Services
(land consultation).
Jemena is also awarding an engineering,
procurement and fabrication package for
the processing scope, which will be
42
integrated into the station design by KBR

and installed on site by McConnell
Dowell.
encourage sub-contracting and jobs for

locals.
Stakeholder engagement
Local benefits
As with any pipeline project, liaison

with stakeholders and property owners
will be a vital aspect going forward.
Jemena has engaged with government,
landowners, businesses and the broader
community since 2015 on a regular basis
and will continue to do so throughout the
project, said Mr Spink.
With up to 900 jobs expected to be

created during the planning and
construction phase of the project, Jemena
Project Manager Jonathan Spink believes
there will be plenty of flow-on benefits to
the local community, through
employment, business opportunities and
Jemenas investments in capacity building
programs.
Jemena wants to maximise the use of
local goods, services and labour from the
regions where the project is located, and
more broadly the Territory and western
Queensland, said Mr Spink.
Jemena is working with the Industry
Capability Network (ICN) to identify
capacity in the regions and then promote
contract packages locally via our ICN
gateway portal for the project.
We will be applying a significant
weighting in its tender evaluations to
Key contractors on the NGP

thus far include:
McConnell Dowell
MRC Global
Maloney Field Services
GPA Engineering
KBR
EcOz
Circle Advisory
Managing Pressure, Minimising Risk
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The route of the NGP from Tennant Creek in the Northern Territory to Mt Isa in Queensland, where it will
connect to the Carpentaria Gas Pipeline.
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INDUSTRY NEWS
The primary areas of interest for the

people that we have spoken to are jobs
and business opportunities.
Generally everyone has been very
supportive of the project as there are real
economic benefits for the Territory from
gas sector development.
Project challenges
With the pipeline route pushing through

some of the most remote outback in
Australia, Mr Spink says there will be a
number of challenges that will have to be
overcome during construction:
Access to water negotiating bore
access with landowners for dust
suppression, trucking-in potable
water for the camps and seeking
town water for hydrotesting will be
an issue in the dry north.
Road access to pipeline route
Jemena will need to construct and
upgrade access tracks to reach the
pipeline route, some stretching as long
as 100 km off the Barkly Highway.
Remote driving risk use of mine

specific vehicles by all personnel
and in-vehicle to monitor driver
safety. Strategic work camps
locations will be needed to reduce
driving distance.
Fly-in, fly-out (FIFO) up to
900 people are needed to for the
construction of the pipeline.
Jemena is seeking to employ as
many locals as possible, and then
charter flights in and out for the
remainder of the workforce.
While this isnt a unique challenge,

Jemena is cognisant of the family, fatigue

and health issues associated with FIFO
works, said Mr Spink.
Jemena is also committed to maintaining
its standard on environmental and cultural
heritage protection.
To the greatest degree possible the
project is being designed to avoid or
minimise any impacts to the environment
and cultural heritage, said Mr Spink.
More details on the Northern Gas
Pipeline and its associated works are
expected to be known when detailed
design works commence in April 2016.
GENERALLY EVERYONE HAS BEEN VERY

SUPPORTIVE OF THE PROJECT AS THERE ARE REAL
ECONOMIC BENEFITS FOR THE TERRITORY FROM
GAS SECTOR DEVELOPMENT.
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Eyes in the skies: the rise of drones

In recent years there has been a visible increase in the use of drones or unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)
for both business and pleasure purposes. The Australian Pipeliner takes a look at the use of drones in the
pipeline industry, and how they can change the way we operate our networks.
urveying pipelines from the air is not

a new tool to the pipeline engineer,
indeed photogrammetry (the use of
photography in surveying and mapping to
ascertain measurements between objects)
has been used for decades in mapping,
route selection and monitoring of
pipelines.
However, in recent years, the
improvement in remote controlled planes,
quadcopters, digital cameras and battery
life has allowed photogrammetry to be
done with drones.
Previously this was a costly exercise only
possible from an aeroplane, which took up
valuable man hours.
Drone functionality
According to Definium LWS Australia

Director Neil Severns, who employs the use
46
of drones in surveying and land

management, drones can be used across the
pipeline design stages.
From collecting data for route selection,
special crossings and the location of
existing features and structures, the
proposed pipeline corridor can be mapped
and contoured with high resolution images
via the use of drones.
This data can then be used for design,
creation of alignment sheets, special
crossing design, and volume calculations.
Prior to construction, drones can be
used for obtaining high resolution (hi-res)
imagery or video for pre-construction
condition reports e.g. roads, footpaths,
creeks.
Drones can be used post construction to
obtain the as-built rehabilitation surface
with imagery, and thereafter for
monitoring the right of way condition.

Definium LWS has employed the use of
drones on several coal seam gas (CSG)
projects in Queensland. One project was
for the production of as-built drawings on
a new CSG pond, another was to map an
older CSG pond which is undergoing
rehabilitation.
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The benefits of drones
Drones allow large areas to be mapped

safely and they are very cost effective
when compared to traditional survey
methods.
One of the major benefits is the high-res
aerial images that are taken from the
drone, are difficult to obtain with
traditional surveying methods. Areas that
are inaccessible by foot (steep slopes,
cliffs, swamps etc.) and areas inaccessible
MACKAY OFFICE
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for safety reasons (operating facilities,
plant, transport corridors) can be
inspected and mapped safely with drones.
Drone drawbacks
Despite new technology such as drones

streamlining data collection, sometimes
there can be problems their use:
Accuracy high-accuracy surveys
still require traditional survey
methods;
Weather conditions wet weather

and winds over 30 km/h can be
problematic in controlling and
operating drones;
Vegetation mapping in dense
vegetation limits the use of drones;
Underground services for obvious
reasons drones are limited in
underground environments which
require ground truthing; and,
Flight times batteries limit the
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Droning on
Drones are becoming more and more

popular across a wide range of industries,
not just the pipeline industry.
In Australia, drones are being
increasingly used for mapping and
surveying of projects, particularly on
large-scale earthworks and construction
projects.
Coupled with this rise in the new
technology comes legislation and policy
concerning its use.
In Australia, the use of drones is
governed by the Civil Aviation Act (1998)
and regulations, directives and
aeronautical information and notices from
the Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA)
and AirServices Australia.
Civil Aviation Safety Regulations 1998
(CASR) Part 101 applies to the operation
of unmanned aircraft, while CASA has
issued an advisory on UAVs, which
provides guidance on the construction and
operation of UAVs and the means whereby
they may be legally operated.
To fly a drone for commercial purposes
in Australia, the business requires a UAV
Operator Certificate and the operator will
require a UAV Controllers Certificate.
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amount of time drones can be

airborne, so larger projects would
require surveying to be split into
several flights.
There can be little doubt around the fact

that the use of drones, or UAVs, can
streamline inspection and mapping
processes particularly for industries such
as pipelines and gas.
However, with this streamlined
functionality and timescales, operators
must be wary of making sure that the
smallest details arent missed.
As mentioned above, detailed and
accurate surveys will still require
traditional inspection methods to ensure
everything is safe to move forward.
But it is difficult to argue with the fact
that, particularly the pipeline industry
which operates over massive distances,
drones can be another tool that pipeliners
can turn to make their job just that little
bit easier.
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FA B R I C AT I N G AU S T R A L I AS FUT URE
TRAINING
Standardising
pipeliner training
By Karen Polglaze, Training Manager, APGA
The Pipeline Engineer Training Project is drawing to a

close after a host of significant achievements that will
provide an enduring legacy for the future of pipeline
engineer training in Australia.
evelopment of all the major elements of what has become

a comprehensive framework for understanding and
assessing competency in Australias pipeline engineers is
almost complete.
Born out of a concern that the industry was experiencing
generational change in a way that might lead to future gaps in
knowledge, and hampered by the likely endurance of an industry
size that would be unable to support post-graduate
university-based training, the project began in 2009 with what
was essentially a blank sheet of paper.
Seven years later, we have a comprehensive framework of more
than 200 competencies in the onshore sector, which include
competency areas for both plastics pipe and composite pipe,
something which was not included in the first scope of
development. As well, the expansion of the competency standards
into the offshore sector is now almost complete, with the official
launch scheduled for 21 April.
A number of tools and resources were created for the onshore
competency standards to make it easier to use the competencies
and to access training courses. These tools and resources will also
be replicated for offshore pipeline engineers.
The final element is registration of pipeline engineers based on
the competency standards. This is now in place for onshore oil
and gas pipeline engineers and should be available later in 2016
for offshore oil and gas pipeline engineers.
Why a competency-based system?
Pipeline engineering is multidisciplinary, requiring knowledge

and understanding of aspects of mechanical, civil, chemical and
other engineering as well as pipeline-specific skills. These are
mostly learned through on-the-job experience and in-house
training.
Pipeline Engineer Training Program Project Manager Chris
Harvey said there were good reasons to opt for a
competency-based system.
The reason for choosing a competency-based system is that it
is widely recognised as the most effective and efficient approach
to training, said Mr Harvey.
A competency-based approach provides maximum flexibility
in learning methods and targets outcomes rather than process.
It allows engineers who have developed expertise and
competency simply through experience and self-learning to be
recognised, while providing a path for developing engineers to
target their efforts.
Importantly, the Australian Standard for gas and liquid
petroleum pipelines, AS 2885, requires competent persons
50
Karen Polglaze, Training Manager, APGA.
to make decisions and/or provide approval in a range of

situations.
Providing guidance to pipeline licensees and owners to
recognise the particular blend of knowledge and experience
required of an engineer to be a competent person in the different
range of circumstances addressed in AS 2885, was a key factor in
APGAs decision to develop a competency-based system for
pipeline engineer training.
The competency standards form a detailed matrix outlining the
knowledge needed, experience required and the resulting
expertise for each competency across 21 areas of pipeline
engineering for example, pipeline structural integrity or
corrosion control.
The competency standards and their associated tools and
resources have a range of uses. These include career planning,
designing training courses, skills assessment for individuals and
teams for project planning, recruitment, and planning staff
rotations to engineering staff can access a range of vital industry
experiences.
The offshore competency standards
The offshore competency standards were the dream of some of

our hard-working and dedicated members in Western Australia
who scoped, drafted and developed the competency standards over
the past five years. These were then reviewed by a panel of
15 global experts actively working in the offshore pipeline industry.
APGA members worked throughout the program in
conjunction with the Society for Underwater Technology (SUT)
which is developing a set of competencies for subsea engineering.
The 57 competencies related to offshore pipelines were developed
under the APGA program and will be used by SUT in its system.
Of particular concern to the chairman of the reference group
which led the development of the offshore competencies, Eric Jas,
has been the separation of the offshore and onshore pipeline
sectors. Companies operating in both sectors is a rarity.
This is not only an issue in Australia; it occurs in many other
countries which have a specific national design code for hydrocarbon
pipelines, Mr Jas wrote recently in World Pipelines magazine.
In many cases there is inconsistency between the two codes.
A single pipeline system may travel from offshore to onshore;
and the design, construction and operational methods can be
vastly different.
FP 23
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It is at the shore crossing where both industries meet. Most
pipeline engineers feel comfortable in their own space (on dry
land above the high water mark, or on the seabed covered by at
least 5 m of water). The zone in between these two (the shore
crossing) is often either incorrectly designed or under-engineered
by the time the construction contractors are engaged. Depending
on the level of expertise of the contractors, and the ability to
effectively collaborate between onshore and offshore, it is no
wonder that complications are often experienced during the
construction and operational phase of a pipeline at this location.
For this reason it is essential that the pipeline engineering
competencies, which have been developed in parallel for onshore
and offshore remain fully compatible so that interfacing the
engineering between them can be performed effectively and
efficiently.
The offshore pipeline engineer competency standards will soon
be available on the APGA website.
Registration as an oil and gas pipeline engineer
Engineers Australia has recognised that pipeline engineering is

highly specialised and has created a special area for national
registration of oil and gas pipeline engineering. The APGA
Pipeline Engineer Competency Standards are the basis of
assessment for registration.
Registration as a pipeline engineer means you will be
recognised inside and outside the industry as having standing as a
reliable, responsible and professional pipeline engineer.
Registration enables government, industry and individual
consumers to engage the appropriate practitioner or team to
perform the required engineering services and to have confidence
that engineers who are registered have committed to a code of

ethics and to continuing professional development. Public safety
is significantly enhanced when only competent practitioners are
registered and provide engineering services in critical areas.
For engineers who practice in Queensland there is an additional
benefit as the Board of Professional Engineers of Queensland
(BPEQ) has added pipeline engineering as an area of practice for
Registered Professional Engineers of Queensland (RPEQ) and this
will recognise registration of pipeline engineers by the National
Engineering Register.
The process for registration for offshore pipeline engineers is
still being finalised, but it is expected that there will be two
classifications in the special area of practice: offshore and
onshore. Competency will be assessed on applicants meeting the
minimum requirements for either offshore or onshore.
www.pipelinexray.com.au
In-kind contributions
The Pipeline Engineer Training Project has been an enormous

undertaking for APGA and its benefits, through the continuing
maintenance of the competency standards and the increasing
numbers of registered oil and gas pipeline engineers, will go on
for decades. It would not be possible to undertake a project like
this without the significant contribution made by our members
companies and the people who work for them who willingly
share their knowledge and experience for the benefit of all.
Three significant reference groups of volunteers and a large
number of individuals have given their time and expertise over
hundreds of hours to ensure that this project was completed to a
high quality. Future generations of pipeline engineers will thank
you as will we all.
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The NFPCA team at work at Deakin University in Geelong.
NFPCA recognised with innovation award

The National Facility for Pipeline Coating Assessment has been recognised with an Excellence in Innovation
Award by the Cooperative Research Centres Association.
t an award dinner held on 8 March 2016, Cooperative

Research Centres Association (CRCA) CEO Professor Tony
Peacock congratulated the National Facility for Pipeline
Coating Assessment (NFPCA) and the Energy Pipelines CRC for
their quality contributions to Australias innovative future.
Playing an important role in the Australian pipeline industry,
the NFPCA is the only independent commercial pipeline testing
facility in Australia allowing companies to test and evaluate
pipeline coatings with a capability to support innovative research
into coating performance.
Pipeline coatings are the primary method of protecting buried
pipelines against corrosion and costly pipeline failure, and the
NFPCAs ability to select, assess and independently verify
pipeline coatings has seen it recognised at a national level for the
second time.
The first Excellence in Innovation Award the NFPCA received
was for its work on the commercialisation of EPDECOM

software that provides information on the decompression of a
pipeline associated with a full-bore rupture and calculates the
required toughness to arrest a propagating fracture which it
received in 2014.
Energy Pipeline CRC CEO Valerie Linton has thanked the
NFPCA team and its industry advisers for their work in
establishing the facility and continuing to support the strong team
of researchers and students at Deakin University in Geelong.
The NFPCA has also recently received NATA accreditation,
providing customers further confidence in the quality and
accuracy of tests carried out in the facility.
The NFPCA will continue to expand on its research and testing
capacities in the future, as well as continuing to develop
commercial relationships and providing quality service to the
Australian pipeline industry.
For more information on the NFPCA visit

www.deakin.edu.au/research/ifm/facilities/national-facility-for-pipeline-coating-assessment
For more information on the Energy Pipeline CRC visit www.epcrc.com.au
54
FP 25
PSSS
TECHNICAL
Gas energy recovery: turbo expanders and

maximising pipeline efficiency
By Amir Emam, Senior Consultant, CE Group
While pipelines are extremely reliable in transporting large amounts of energy, not much thought is given to
the hidden energy that is lost along the way. CE Group Senior Consultant Amir Emam explains how turbo
expanders can play in vital role in recovering lost energy from gas pipelines.
urbo expanders, also known as

expansion turbines, are machines
that provide a way to reclaim the
energy lost in natural gas pipelines and
facilities and are used in several
industries for a wide range of
applications.
The benefit of using a turbo expander
rather than a regulator is that not only can
the gas pressure be reduced to the desired
level, but also electricity can be produced
from the energy obtained from gas
pressure reduction.
Almost 20 per cent of electricity will be
lost in distribution network, which is due
to the distance between power stations
and end users.
Localised low-capacity power
generation is the key to preventing energy
loss and saving more energy.
Where are they used?
The main application of turbo

expanders is in cryogenic processing plants
to provide low-temperature refrigeration.
Some of the main industries where turbo
expanders are used include low-pressure
air separation plants and liquefied natural
gas (LNG) plants for expanding high
pressure gas.
The size of turbo expanders used in air
separation plants is usually too small to be
cost effective for power generation
applications but the majority of those used
in gas and hydrocarbon plants range in the
order of 100 hp to 8,000 hp and more,
making the energy recovery feasible.
Turbo expanders have been widely used
in LNG plants is Australia and worldwide.
Application of turbo expanders in power
generation as a new technology has been
first studied by Enbridge Inc. in Calgary of
Canada and the plant was constructed to
produce 2.2 MW, enough to power about
1,700 residences.
Feasibility studies are undergoing in
Middle Eastern countries to locate the best
56
city gates to upgrade to power generation

plants.
This article focuses on the application of
turbo expanders for energy recovery from
pipelines and power generation from
energy regained.
Pipeline power
Any high pressure gas flowing through a

transmission pipeline is a potential
resource for energy recovery.
The general principles for the function
of a turbo expander can be explained as
converting kinetic energy to electricity by
using turbines and electrical generators.
Firstly, a turbine is coupled to the
generator. When high pressure gas flows
into the turbo expander it passes through
the turbine and spins it. The coupled
generator starts spinning and generates
electricity, thus, by replacing a regulator
valve with a turbo expander, the potential
energy saved in the gas stream will be used

and turned into electricity.
Power generated by this method is
proportional to pressure ratio, flow rate
and temperature of the gas stream. Higher
flow rates and pressure differential will
result in higher power generation.
For optimised power generation from a
turbo expander, the location of using this
technology must be carefully studied.
The process design of a turbo expander
usually refers to the steps taken to choose
the best design in which a turbo expander
will have the highest performance in all
operating conditions.
These include pressure, temperature and
flow rate of the gas, while the
aerodynamic design refers to the
mechanical design of a turbo expander
considering factors such as speed (RPM),
number of stages, specific number of
stages and polytropic efficiency.
Gas Outlet
Gas Inlet
Heater
Regulator
Figure 1: GPRS Typical Arrangement.
Heater
M
M
Power
Generator
Turbo
Expander
Regulator
Heater
Gas Outlet
Gas Inlet
Figure 2: Upgraded Pressure Reduction Plant.

FP 26
Shawcor
TECHNICAL
Significant temperature loss happens

during the gas expansion process due to
the Joule-Thomson effect. If pressure
reduction is the main objective, then
power generation from the expanded gas
is considered a beneficial by-product.
Current commercial models produced
by industry leaders in high-tech
machinery such as GE Power and Atlas
Copco exist in the power range of 750 W
to 25-plus MW, so, many applications
are possible.
Centrifugal (radial inflow) turbo
expanders are well adapted to such
energy conservation schemes and, with
recent developments that have increased
their reliability, are suitable for
unattended service on a 24/7 operational
basis.
Some of the recent developments made
by industrial leaders such as Bearings
Plus, Dresser-Rand and Sulzer-Roteq
include better shaft seals, thrust bearing
monitoring, and superior control devices.
Temperature loss in a regulator, based
on the rule of thumb, is 5C per 1 MPa
pressure drop while in a turbo expander is
about 15C.
This is a rough estimation and
temperature drop will be calculated based
on the gas composition, flow rate and
aerodynamic characteristics of proposed
turbo expander during the detailed design
accurately.
In both cases a heater must increase the

gas temperature upstream of the pressure
regulating unit, either a regulator or turbo
expander.
Turbine design
Parameters affecting the selection of a

turbo expander are gas pressure, flow and
viscosity.
The optimum design for a turbo
expander is the one in which the
maximum electricity is produced while
consuming minimum quantity of gas for
heaters.
Therefore, selecting a turbo expander is
case-dependent and no general or typical
design can be recommended for a gas
pressure reduction station (GPRS).
Figure 1 shows the typical arrangement
of a GPRS using a regulator.
Existing stations can also be upgraded to
produce electricity. In that case the new
arrangement of the station will be as
shown in Figure 2.
Summary
Using turbo expanders in gas pressure

reduction stations to produce electricity
will reduce CAPEX and OPEX
significantly compared to combined cycle
or any other type of thermal power
station. The cost of producing electricity
using turbo expander is much lower than
producing the same amount of electricity
using a combined-cycle power station.

Some of the most important benefits of
using a turbo expander in a gas pressure
reduction station to produce electricity
are:
Low energy consumption
Higher return on investment period
comparing to the same scale unit
utilising gas turbine, steam turbine
or combined-cycle technology
Lower CAPEX and OPEX (50 per
cent of thermal power stations)
No NOx emission
Lower COx emission comparing to
other power stations (50 per cent
less emission)
Mechanical efficiency of 80 per
cent and more; thermal efficiency
of 60 per cent and more (more than
combined-cycle power stations)
In the current global energy climate,
getting the maximum output from pipeline
infrastructure should be of paramount
importance to operators and all associated
parties.
Turbo expanders have been proven to
deliver in reclaiming energy lost between
the power stations and end users.
This could be particularly applicable for
the Australian market considering a large
portion of Australian gas is marked for
export, securing the energy stuck in
pipeline networks can make a difference
to Australias local market.
Turbo expanders explained

Polytropic efficiency is considered as the small stage efficiency in a turbo expander and that is where the expansion
is divided into numerous small with the steps contain similar isentropic efficiency. Isentropic efficiency is a
comparison of the actual efficiency and ideal machine efficiency in which the work transfers are frictionless.
The Joule-Thomson Effect is the temperature change in a gas when it is forced through a regulating valve or any
expanding machine.
A combined-cycle power station is a plant that uses both gas and steam turbine to produce power. The waste heat
from a gas turbine stack is used to boil water and produce steam to run steam turbine. Waste heat in a simple-cycle
plant is released into the atmosphere while in a combined-cycle plant is used in heat recovery steam generators
(HRSG) to produce steam.
Thermal efficiency is the ratio of the work done by rotary machine to the heat energy supplied to it that costs.
Mechanical efficiency is the ratio of energy and power input to a machine to the output mechanical work or
movement of it.
NOx is a term for any sort of gas containing nitrogen and oxygen such as nitrogen dioxide (NO2) which is toxic to
humans.
Cox is a term for any sort of gas containing carbon and oxygen such as carbon dioxide (CO2) which is a
greenhouse gas.
Viscosity is the measure of the resistance of a substance (liquid or gas) to the motion against an applied force.
58
FP 27
PIHA
Delivering innovative technical solutions, safely, reliably and efficiently
Part of the Mineral Resources group, PIHA is regarded in Australia and overseas
as a leader in innovation and excellence in the fi eld of pipeline engineering
and construction.
PIHA provides extensive project management and delivery for the
following products and services:
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Turnkey mine dewatering systems
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Rock trenching and terrain leveling
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www.piha.com.au
1 Sleat Rd
Applecross WA 6153
Locked Bag 3, Canning Bridge
Applecross WA 6153
T + 61 8 9329 3500
F + 61 8 9329 3501
E info@piha.com.au
www.piha.com.au
A new age for contractors

Born and bred in Melbourne, Scott Cummins has
travelled the world for the past 30 years as an
executive for a world-leading offshore services
provider. Now, he has returned to his home town to
lead international contractor McConnell Dowell in his
new Melbourne-based role as Chief Executive Officer.
fter a brief stint as a graduate with Esso Australia, Mr

Cummins joined McDermott International in Perth during
the boom period of the North West Shelf. His enjoyment
of the contracting side of the business plus a yearning to see the
world led to his international postings working on projects in
Southeast Asia, the Middle East and eventually the UK.
Mr Cumminss impressive 30-year career has involved many
different roles, including project and fabrication management,
commercial, business development, and finally general
management. His career at McDermott ended as Executive Vice
President in charge of offshore operations and commercial
business on a global basis, based in London.
Throughout this career at McDermott, Mr Cumminss clients
have included Chevron, Shell, BP, INPEX, Woodside, and Esso
Australia. While the work undertaken for these clients has
primarily been in an offshore environment, he has extensive
experience in fabrication for onshore projects including the
fabrication of LNG modules for Chevrons mammoth Gorgon
LNG Project out of Batam, Indonesia.
Speaking to The Australian Pipeliner at the companys headquarters
in Hawthorn, Melbourne, Mr Cummins is confident his experience
will hold him in good stead to lead McConnell Dowell, where he
formally commenced employment in September 2015.
I bring a strong understanding of the challenges and
opportunities faced by clients within the oil and gas industry and
a collaborative approach to partner with these project teams to
deliver cost effective solutions.
And while Mr Cumminss first six months at the company has
been spent understanding the organisations capabilities, markets,
and customers, he is now looking to embark on a strategic
New McConnell Dowell CEO Scott Cummins.
planning process that will set the contractor on a new, and even
more international, path for the future.
The business objectives
So what business objectives will Mr Cummins pursue over the

next few years?
First up is a focus on developing the businesss infrastructure
focus, and diversifying its market spread.
Market conditions have obviously changed significantly in
Australia over the course of the last year, and everyone is familiar
with the decline in mining and oil and gas investment in Australia.
I think equally people are well versed on the need for civil
infrastructure development, and whether it be in Australia or
internationally, the public only has to have a look at population
growth that is being experienced and is being forecast and the
corresponding need for new infrastructure.
So I think its very important that McConnell Dowell has the
right strategy for the prevailing market, and for us to adjust our
organisations focus accordingly.
The second priority is further developing the companys
international growth opportunities particularly in South East
Asia, New Zealand, and the Middle East.
Mr Cummins says that when it came to taking up the role at
McConnell Dowell, he was attracted to its multi-disciplinary
capability and international track record, particularly given his
familiarity with those markets.
I was familiar with Australia, but particularly familiar with
South East Asia and the Middle East where I have spent most of
my working life.
IF ONE MARKET IS GOOD, AND ANOTHER IS SUFFERING, HAVING

GEOGRAPHICAL DIVERSITY ENABLES US TO SPREAD OUR RISK; IT ALLOWS YOU
TO RETAIN A GOOD RESOURCE BASE.
McConnell Dowell CEO Scott Cummins
PIPEPLUS
INTERVIEW
ISO 9001:2008certified quality

management system
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60
FP 28
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INTERVIEW
INTERVIEW
Pipeline personality: George Wettenhall

All countries in those regions are very different in the way
business is executed. But if you know the business environment, it
makes it that much easier to establish the business approach and
the appropriate strategy to take the company forward in those
markets.
McConnell Dowell is fortunate in its diversity, both
geographically and capability wise. From major cross country
pipelines like the QCLNG and APLNG pipelines in Australia as
part of the MCJV, to the remote Komo airport in PNG for
ExxonMobil and developing Thailands pipeline projects for
PTT, McConnell Dowell has an exceptional, long history in these
areas.
I particularly look at South East Asia as a very robust market
with significant growth potential for McConnell Dowell. We have
had a real presence and strong local staff resources from
executing projects in South East Asia the past four decades and
our fabrication and plant yards in Thailand and Batam,
Indonesia.
Mr Cummins is emphatic that a contracting business gains most
value from having a diversity of geographies.
If one market is good, and another is suffering, having
geographical diversity enables us to spread our risk; it allows you
to retain a good resource base.
It is very easy if you have a project in South East Asia,
Australians are very mobile and willing to go work on a project
in, say, Thailand. Our operations in these regions are also well
placed to support specific Australian project requirements.
Overall, it makes so much sense for an Australian organisation
to be a part of the South East Asian and Middle East markets; it is
one flight away, time zones are not problematic it makes a lot of
sense in terms of making all that synergy work across all of those
geographies.
Papua New Guinea is also a key area of focus for the company.
PNG is certainly a country of interest. Its great having the
knowledge that McConnell Dowell has a long history of
delivering projects in PNG, such as the recent Komo Airfield for
the PNG LNG project. There is also going to be continuing
significant investment in PNG which we are well placed to
support.
There are obviously issues [working in PNG] that need to be
addressed, but if you partner and work collaboratively with your
client, you would work out what the problems are and work
through them together.
Herein lies Mr Cumminss third business objective: early,
collaborative client relationships.
Change and progress
I have seen a lot of change for contractors over my 30 years in

the industry, but also for the clients, says Mr Cummins.
The first change is that the size and the complexity of the
projects are much bigger than what they were 30 years ago. I used
to get excited when we had won a $100 million contract; now its
$1 billion or $2 billion contracts, or even greater than that.
Due to this size and complexity, effective project planning and
62
coordination is critical. McConnell Dowell has demonstrated the

success of early development of collaborative relationships with
clients and stakeholders on many major projects.
A focus on quality and safety has also been a big change for
clients and contractors.
The oil and gas industry has become a lot bigger the projects
are bigger, the water depths theyre operating in are greater, and
the focus on quality has just been tremendous. It is well
acknowledged that the reliability of oil and gas facilities is very
high in terms of industry standards, so having that has been a big
change.
I also think the business has progressed significantly in terms
of safety, and I think it needs to continue progressing. I think that
the oil and gas industry has been exemplary in leading the path in
the engineering and construction world it has set the bar.
Its great to have that bar there, and I know I will use that in
McConnell Dowell. I know what safety execution is at the highest
level, and we need to be striving to that in all of our industries.
New relationships
Finally, Mr Cummins believes developing early solution

focused strategies for project development is not only critical to
the future of client-contractor relationships, but in getting
projects going in Australia full stop.
I think that as a consequence of all of the above project
complexity and longevity, the need to drive safety and have an
excellent standard of quality is the recognition and effectiveness
of customers, contractors and governments working in a more
collaborative, solution-finding mode.
I think the challenges we are seeing in the industry today are
potentially going to bring that into sharper focus.
The process of heres a project, heres a contract, you sign it
and deliver is not necessarily the most cost-effective way to do
things. I think now the industry is being asked that, given the
challenges weve got and the emphasis put on cost-effective
solutions, its going to drive the contracting and client
organisations closer together to work out how to more
cost-effectively execute and reliably deliver projects.
Im a real believer in having the right relationships and
involvement early on. Thats one of the biggest things Ill be
driving with McConnell Dowell yes the oil and gas industry is a
bit pressed at the moment, but lets make sure we have the right
relationships with people, and are at the solutions table early on.
Because of the size of projects, not all of them have gone as
well as what people would have liked. When you have a market
that were in now, none of us can afford to take on a project and
for it to end up costing twice as much as everybody thought.
We have got to get that reliability around schedule and cost,
so that as an industry we can proceed ahead with developments in
confidence.
Mr Cummins concludes: If you cant proceed with confidence,
the project wont proceed or it wont proceed in Australia. And
it is certainly in Australias interest that we reach these common
goals and get these projects up and running.
Work hard and play hard is a phrase often heard in the pipeline industry, and it is a philosophy that pipeliner
George Wettenhall lives by as a well-known character in Australias pipeline industry. George tells us his story
hailing from the coating and protection sector of the industry.
What is your position title?
I am the National Product Development Manager for Pipelines

with Denso Australia.
How long have you been working in the pipeline

industry for?
I have been working in the pipeline industry since 2008.

I commenced work with Denso Australia in 2013 and, prior to
that, I was with PPI Corporation between 2008 and 2013. Prior
to this I worked in the plumbing industry, which in some ways is
closely connected to the pipeline industry.
What is your favourite aspect of working in the pipeline

industry?
I really enjoy the people in the industry. Over the years some of
my best working relationships have blossomed into great
friendships.
Along with the friendships developed there are varying markets
within the pipeline industry, making it a diverse industry to
operate in many ways.
What has been your favourite project to work on and

why?
Two come to mind as my favourite projects to work on.

Recently, the Eastern Goldfields Gas Pipeline project stands out
given the challenges it posed logistically in transporting nearly
30,000 litres of Protal across the countryside to one of the most
remote places in Australia. Due to the professionalism of
Spiecapag Lucas JV these issues were easily resolved.
The other project that stands out was the Victorian
Desalination Plants pipeline project. I worked on this project
during my time at PPI Corporation alongside Thiess Degremont,
and found that the challenges it posed both from a manufacturing
and logistics perspective made it thoroughly interesting.
Further, given its sheer size it was a pleasure to see the project
through from start to finish.
What projects are you working on at present?
Denso currently has a supply contract with the Spiecapag Lucas

JV (SCL) for the supply of field joint coating materials on APA
Groups Victorian Northern Interconnect Pipeline Project.
The project is in its early stages, however given we have
supplied the SCL on several recent projects, a strong working
relationship with the business is coming on steadily and both
parties have a good understanding of what to expect from one
another.
Can you outline a typical day in the field?
As a supplier, our job on site involves us ensuring the
George Wettenhall.
techniques used fall in line with our application instructions and

the relevant standard for the project.
Where required, training on the site is offered prior to project
commencement, followed by our presence at pre-production
trials or pre-qualification trials.
Throughout the project we are available to liaise with coating
inspectors from both the client and contractor where we can offer
technical assistance for application of the coating being applied.
Who do you look up to in the industry and why?
During the past eight years in the industry, many people have
rubbed off me in one way or another, however Dominic Allen,
whom I worked under at PPI Corporation, really helped me grow
as not only a person but a professional.
Although he is now not currently working in the industry, we
regularly keep in touch and I am able to bounce ideas off him and
receive good advice when needed.
Do you have any anecdotes of activities in the field?
Without mentioning the name of the project, a coatings

inspector once came to me and told me he had issues with the
coating on the pipeline we were working on.
Upon inspecting the field joint he was fast to point out to me
that there was a lump running circumferentially around the pipe
in the centre of the field joint.
I was then I felt obliged to point out that the lump actually
happened to be the weld bead!
Do you have any advice from those just beginning their

careers in the pipeline industry?
Work hard and play hard! Networking at industry events or

forums can pay off in the long run. Also never forget there is
someone out there that is willing to do your job for less, so stay
motivated and never take your job for granted.
63
COMPANY NEWS
NDT keeping
it smooth
Taking ultrasonic in-line inspection
to a new level, NDT Global has
launched its new fleet featuring
the innovative EVO Series 1.0.
epresenting the state of the art in

electronics and incorporating highresolution sensor carriers, the Evo
Series 1.0 marks a milestone in in-line
inspection (ILI) evolution.
It is set to boost the performance of
inspection equipment by a factor of four.
In concrete terms, this means the tools will
either be capable of traveling four times
faster, or sensor resolution will increase
fourfold. Alternatively, the tools can be
COMPANY NEWS
twice as fast with double the axial sensor

resolution which adds up to a factor of
four improvement.
Maintain flow rates and revenue
NDT Globals new line of ultrasonic

metal loss and crack, in-line inspection
tools offer the fastest data acquisition
speed in the industry.
This means you get the accuracy you
need, while maintaining your flow rates
and pipeline revenue.
Highest performance at maximised

flexibility
The tools features include:

No reduction of flow rate up
to four times faster inspection
speed
High-performance metal loss
profiling and pitting inspection up
to four times higher axial resolution
High-performance crack profiling
up to four times higher axial

resolution
Extended inspection distance
shorter tool lengths
Customisation maximised ILI tool
flexibility.
IN CONCRETE TERMS,
THIS MEANS THE
TOOLS WILL EITHER
BE CAPABLE OF
TRAVELING FOUR
TIMES FASTER, OR
SENSOR RESOLUTION
WILL INCREASE
FOURFOLD.
HPH 8
Creative Matters
64
Spacing the
NGP evenly
The Northern Territory
Government has recently selected
the proponent, pipeline route
and lead contractor for the
construction of the Northern Gas
Pipeline (NGP). As all parties gear
up for construction, its time to
consider the benefits of selecting
quality equipment for a safe and
long-lasting installation.
he NGP involves the construction

and operation of a 623 km buried
high-pressure gas pipeline from
Tennant Creek in the Northern Territory
to Mount Isa in Queensland. Associated
aboveground facilities at various locations
will also be built along the pipeline.
Jemena, the chosen proponent for the
project, has submitted its Environmental
Authority for a Petroleum Pipeline
Licence: Supporting Information, which
outlines environmental considerations,
including those which mention
underwater crossings and hydrostatic
testing.
According to kwik-ZIP Managing
Director Jason Linaker these underwater
crossings will require trenchless
installation, where associated centralising
techniques of the pipe must be considered.
High-pressure gas pipelines are
generally very heavy, so associated
pipeline equipment needs to be of the
highest quality and strength, said
Mr Linaker.
The Northern Territory is lighting up for the NGP.
Spacing systems for the pipeline will

need to be able to withstand the weight of
the pipeline without breaking or bending.
Abrasion is also something to consider
as the weight of the pipeline can put
pressure on the runner and result in
significant wear if not considered in the
spacer design.
Mr Linaker said that as the NGP is to be
made from steel, corrosion resistance of
the chosen spacers should also be a top
consideration.
Spacers made from inert materials
would be the optimum choice for this type
of installation, said Mr Linaker.
Not only do inert spacers remain free
from corrosion damage themselves, but
they will also prevent wear on the pipe
casing.
According to Jemenas submitted
licence, corrosion of the spacer should
also be considered when looking at soil

conditions.
Acid sulphate soils (ASS) are found
below the water table, and become acidic
if disturbed and exposed to oxygen.
The acidic soil conditions in the NT
require a non-metallic spacer so as to not
corrode in the harsh environment, said
Mr Linaker.
A metallic spacer would be subject to
severe corrosion if coming into contact
with acid sulphate soils that may be left
behind in the annulus after installation of
a road or river crossing.
Even stainless steel is subject to
accelerated corrosion from such soil
conditions.
Such corrosion can be transferred via
the metallic spacer to the steel pipeline
itself. Inert non-metallic pipe spacers are
resistant to such conditions.
For more information on kwik-ZIPs products and services visit

www.kwikzip.com
QPH 2
Savcor
65
COMPANY NEWS
SAFETY
Michell returns
control to the
user
Ushering in 2016 safely

As the Australian Pipelines and Gas Association
continues to recognise the importance health and
safety among its members, it is an aspect of the
pipeline industry that is constantly changing. The
Australian Pipeliner spoke with the APGA HSE
Committee Chair Mark Twycross to see what steps
the industry will take in 2016.
The new HygroSmart HS3

advanced interchangeable relative
humidity and temperature probe
from Michell Instruments is
100 per cent configurable to allow
maximum flexibility to the user.
his gives users the ability to alter

their relative humidity (RH) and
temperature measurements to keep
step with changes or developments in their
process, with no extra costs.
Customers can set the zero/span range,
output signals and choose from five output
parameters (including dew point).
All these changes and settings are easily
made on a computer via the application
software. For customers who value
simplicity above flexibility, they can order
their probes fully configured to their
specifications directly from Michell.
The new probe also ensures zero process
downtime by keeping maintenance to a
minimum with an interchangeable sensor.
When recalibration is due, the old
HygroSmart HS3 sensor is simply
exchanged for a new, freshly calibrated
one.
This simple procedure allows the probe
to remain installed, and takes only a few
What are the top safety concerns the Australian Pipelines

and Gas Association Safety Committee currently
discussing?
Michells HS3-P Probe.
seconds to carry out. Using the replaceable

sensor ensures that the HygroSmart HS3
probe has a low lifetime cost, when
compared to fully disposable probes.
Alternatively, minor calibration
adjustments can be easily made on any
installed HS3 probe, with a five-point
digital trim adjustment via the application
software to ensure maximum accuracy
without needing to replace the sensor.
Designed for demanding industrial

conditions, the HygroSmart HS3 probe
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66
Project Management
Construction Management
Construction Design Verification
Construction Design, Survey & Asbuilt
Tender compilation
Tender evaluation
Inspection services to the pipeline industry
Member of the Australian Pipelines and Gas Association
We are planning a Health, Safety and Environment (HSE)

workshop for 12 May in Brisbane, where we will convene our
members into workshop groups, with subject matter experts on:
Mental health issues on our gas projects and work places,
which will link into our fatigue management guidelines
HSE lessons learnt off the back of the recent development
of Australias CSG projects
Trucking and the Heavy Vehicle National Regulator
(HNVR). The pipeline industry needs to understand how
the HVNR and our industry can work together to optimise
the regulations and the requirements of our industry.
The outputs will give our organisation updated and new
guidelines for the safety and wellbeing of our industry.
What safety projects processed by the committee have

been implemented?
We continue to produce great quality outcomes with the APGA

and International Erosion Control Association (IECA) Pipeline
Appendix to the IECA white book a standout.
This project took over 12 months to complete and is an
example of APGA working with IECA to get an outcome that is a
credit to both organisations.
There was focused consultation with members but we will
continue to get more feedback as our members look to implement
the Appendix.
Additionally since we last updated The Australian Pipeliner, the
cornerstone Fatigue Management Guidelines and toolkit will add
to the 12 May outcomes on mental health the issues and the
fatigue management output.
Other outputs over the past year include:
Ensuring our guidelines are noted as guidelines only and
not issued for contractual use
Developing stakeholder guidelines
Revising APGA construction health and safety guidelines
Developing ongoing training modules for supervisors
Managing the ongoing AS 2885 Part 1 review
Developing an issues paper for native vegetation pipeline
offsets
Sharing HSE Committee members safety moments, aimed
at collective learning.
APGA HSE Committee Chair Mark Twycross.
WHILE OUR SOCIAL LICENCE TO

OPERATE DEPENDS UPON OUR
RECORD ON SAFETY AND THE
ENVIRONMENT, OUR COMMITMENT
TO EACH GOES BEYOND
COMPLYING WITH RELEVANT
LAWS AND REGULATIONS
PROTECTING OUR PEOPLE AND OUR
ENVIRONMENT IS FUNDAMENTAL
TO OUR CULTURE.
What will the focus for the committee be in 2016?
The May workshop will give us great output to upgrade

existing guidelines and to implement drafting of new guidelines.
The overall focus for the committee is to review ongoing
projects and issues and, of course, we welcome new projects from
the committee and members
What is the main goal and purpose of the committee and

how will its findings translate to the wider industry?
Our goal and purpose is clearly spelt out in our charter.

While our social licence to operate depends upon our record on
safety and the environment, our commitment to each goes
beyond complying with relevant laws and regulations protecting
our people and our environment is fundamental to our culture.
The committee has set its priorities, terms of reference and
future agenda to build upon the significant achievements of the
many APGA members who have helped drive our
industry-leading commitment to doing no harm to our people or
our environment.
The HSE Committee will next meet in

Melbourne, Victoria on 23 June.
67
SAFETY
SAFETY
It was a very sad blow to our entire company. We are a tightknit family, and the fellow was a service truck driver on our
projects for a number of years, so had a lot of personal contact
with many in our workforce.
How did this sad incident prompt MPC to develop

the app?
I think our colleagues death made us all ask ourselves, Why

didnt he say something?, Why didnt he seek some help?, or
Why didnt any of us pick up that he was struggling?. There
were a lot of whys. But when we started really looking into those
whys, we soon realised that we really didnt have anything in
place that could identify people who needed help or provide
them with the type of counselling that our workforce actually
wanted.
Where did the idea of a mental health app come from?
It came from a discussion that I had with Paul OBrien, the

owner of AVMIN which is the company that manages all of the
companys FIFO air charter services.
We were both in an airport departure lounge waiting for a
flight and got to talking about the recent death of our colleague,
and the sad fact that he had probably been battling on in silence
with no one really knowing he needed some help. It got us to
thinking about never really knowing if someone is struggling
which led to a discussion about a mental health app the American
Defence Force was using with its returning soldiers.
I guess the light bulb moment was that the mental health survey
was being done while soldiers were on planes going home and
myself and Paul thought, Hey, our guys fly to work on planes;
why cant we do the same thing with them during their flights?
Thats where the idea took off, so to speak.
Murphy Pipe and Civil welders on the job.
New tech offers a clearer picture of FIFO

wellbeing
Addressing mental health issues within the resources sector has been a trending topic right across the industry,
with parliamentary reviews, seminars and workshops all focusing on ways to curb and manage what has now
become a well-documented problem.
rogress has been made with this widespread industry issue,

and it is now a topic very much front and centre, rather
than residing in the shadows.
While theres still much work to be done to address the issue,
companies working within the resources sector have decided to
pick up the mental health baton and run with it.
Murphy Pipe and Civil (MPC) is one of those of companies,
and its effort to understand the mental health status of its
1,000-plus fly-in fly-out (FIFO) workforce and introduce strategic
measures that address mental health issues, has been a resounding
success.
The company was awarded the Safety Award at the 2015
Australian Pipeline and Gas Associations annual conference after
it introduced an innovative mental health app that helps the
companys safety team gauge the well-being of its workforce.
The Australian Pipeliner sat down with MPCs Social
Performance and Communications Manager Glenn Pfluger, who
played a key role in the apps development and rollout.
68
What was the main driver for the development of

the app?
Id like to say the driver was MPC foreseeing mental health

issues with its crews and then immediately implementing
measures to address them but that isnt the case.
MPC was just like any other construction contractor. We had an
Employee Assistance Program in place, which included a 24-hour
helpline service to manage the personal issues of our employees.
We thought, Yep, weve got it covered, were doing the right
thing, weve done our bit. But little did we know, that in the last
two years only two people had ever used the EAP phone in
service, and a survey of crews at a Stop and Consider meeting
revealed they didnt actually want this type of service at all.
Our crews told us they wanted face-to-face assistance onsite,
not a random, anonymous person on the end of a helpline. It was
very insightful and useful information to gain, but unfortunately,
we came to understand it all too late, because not long after this
one of our colleagues took his own life.
How long did the app take to develop and what were you
hoping it would achieve?
Light bulb moments generally end with working well into the
dark and needing lots of light bulbs. We decided to team up with
Mate Check, an app developer specialising in mental health
technology.
It took about two months to arrive at a suitable end product
but from the outset we decided there were three key areas that we
wanted the app to address:
1. It had to ask crews to self-check themselves based on a
series of slider bar emotions in areas such as depression,
fatigue, anxiety and confidence.
2. It had to provide an easy-to-access avenue for crews to
seek anonymous assistance, either through mental health
information which gets emailed to them, or through actual
personal contact with people from well-known counselling
organisations such as Beyond Blue, Mates in Construction,
Lifeline and AA.
3. It had to provide a two-way street of communication to
management so they could learn first-hand about ways
MPC could improve the workplace environment. This last
area resulted in the addition of a feedback section where
crews could submit ideas about safety and general camp
and work life which management could address.
Was it easy getting crews to fill in the survey about how

they were feeling?
Weve had a great participation rate since introduction with

around 98 per cent of our crew buying in each swing. It goes up
and down a bit from time to time, due to it being voluntary, but
we are very happy with the uptake by our crews.
I think the key to getting good buy-in was making the app easy
to operate. The mental health questions were developed by Mate
Check through the engagement of a professional in this specific
field, but they were conscious of using wording that was carefully
tailored so that our guys could relate to the questions.
Because our crews were filling it out on a plane to and from
their work sites, we only had limited time with them, so ease of
use was the key; the whole process takes less than two minutes
per person.
The app has been in place now across your projects for
just over one year now. How would you rate the success
of it?
I think the best and most objective way to rate it would be to

look at the statistics that have come in.
Apart from the good participation rate by our crews each
swing, our safety team now has access to data which shows the
overall wellbeing of our crews across a number of areas. We now
know if our crews are feeling happy or sad, anxious or relaxed
and can look at ways of improving or maintaining that sentiment,
rather than just operating blindly hoping our measures are
working.
I guess a fairly telling, but also somewhat sad outcome of
gaining a better understanding of your workforces wellbeing, is
when you are confronted with statistics of people who have
reached out for help using the app. We all know mental health
stress is an issue in our industry, but when you see that in twelve
months 67 of your employees have used the app to seek
counselling assistance it really highlights that no company is or
can be immune to it.
Youve developed the app in a way to conceal a persons

identity and responses, so how do you ascertain who
needs help?
When developing the app with Mate Check we told them

straight away that it had to work on an anonymous basis we
know our crews and they would flat out reject it if we did
otherwise. Asking someone to tell you about their mental health
status is a very personal and private matter and we respect that.
Our main aim for introducing this app was to simply provide
another gateway to help, which we hoped they would never need,
but was there if they did.
We let our crews know that their identity wold not be known,
but impressed on them, that through their assistance we can still
use their anonymous mental health data to help us generate a
detailed statistical report that helps us understand the issues and
helps us improve the workplace. While the overall report helps
paint a clearer picture of how our crews are doing each swing, it
is important to also understand that sometimes it is the build-up
of the little things around camp and on the right of way (RoW)
that can become the catalyst for a much bigger issue.
69
SAFETY
HPH 9
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70
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Unit 20, 51 Kalman drive
Boronia VIC 3155
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Fax:
+61-3-9729 9604
E-mail: sales@ams-ic.com.au
Internet: www.ams-ic.com.au
www.beamex.com
info@beamex.com
Manhours Worked in Quarter
LTIF Rate
Manhours
Dec-15
Sep-15
Jun-15
Mar-15
Dec-14
Sep-14
Jun-14
Mar-14
Dec-13
Sep-13
Jun-13
Mar-13
Dec-12
Sep-12
Jun-12
Mar-12
Dec-11
Sep-11
Jun-11
0
Mar-11
0.00
Dec-10
1,000,000
Sep-10
5.00
Jun-10
2,000,000
Mar-10
10.00
Dec-09
3,000,000
Sep-09
15.00
Jun-09
4,000,000
Mar-09
20.00
Dec-08
5,000,000
Sep-08
2500
Jun-08
6,000,000
Mar-08
AMS
APGA Quarterly H&S Statistics
Sep-06
Ready for the field?
*This definition does not include instances where the person

is medically cleared to resume work, but leave is taken in
the interest of the persons wellbeing.
Lost Time Injury Frequency (LTIF) Rate No. of lost time
injuries / man-hours worked x 1,000,000
Medical Treatment Injury (MTI) A serious work injury
requiring defined prescribed medical treatment by a
Registered Medical Practitioner, which is beyond the scope
of normal First Aid, for example: back injuries, burns,
fractures, serious lacerations, gassings, or dermatitis. This
excludes conditions such as cardiac arrest, where work is
not a substantial contributing factor.
30.00
Dec-07
We ask that our employees use the app once per swing, and the
app lets us know if the person is starting, finishing or on rest and
relaxation, so we can accurately correlate the information coming.
The fee is $2 per employee each swing, but we see this as more
of an investment in our people than a cost. You only have to ask
yourself the price of a life, or how valuable is understanding your
peoples mental health and wellbeing to arrive at the conclusion,
that its an investment all companies should buy into.
lthough safety statistics are only part of the process in

ensuring safe working practices, APGA believes that the
industry should publish its pipeline construction safety
statistics to allow benchmarking and trends to be established.
The following measures of safety were developed in accordance
with AS 2885.1, and are a good indication of how industry
performed year-on-year.
Lost Time Injury (LTI) including fatalities A work-related
injury or illness that results in permanent disability or time
lost of one complete shift or day. The absence from work
must be supported by an approved medical certificate
citing work-related factor/s as the reason
for leave.
Sep-07
How often do crews participate in the mental health

survey and what does it cost MPC?
Australias pipeline industry prides itself on the high standard of safety on its projects.
Jun-07
Very much so. In fact we were astounded by the sheer volume

of submissions coming in each swing. Since we rolled out the app
weve had around 2,500 individual feedback submissions from
our crews. Prior to the app, our paper based submissions, which
were put into drop boxes at camp, would rarely reach 100 a
swing. While 2,500 feedback submissions came in, you can
imagine there were a lot calling for more money and less hours
Id actually be concerned if we didnt get those ones because
lets face it, were all human.
But I think a perfect example of how this app works in terms of
using mental health statistics and crew feedback, can be seen in a
recent issue we had with camp accommodation. For two swings
we saw a major spike of increased fatigue and restlessness coming
Safety in numbers
Mar-07
Has the feedback been useful?
in through the apps mental health section. We looked at what

location of the project that the spike was coming from, because
the last thing you want is tired machine operators on the RoW.
We soon saw a correlation between this fatigue spike and an
increased amount of negative feedback coming from crews in a
particular area of the project who said they were having issues
with the quality of camp they were in. Crews were saying the ACs
were on the blink, beds were too small, food fairly ordinary and a
truck parking lot nearby had rigs cooling their turbos down
outside their rooms at 2 am. The result was around 80-odd crew
members were not getting much sleep at all, so they were tired
every day and wanted us to know about it. We acted straight
away and moved our crew to a better camp and we immediately
witnessed a massive drop in fatigue stats. Sometimes it can be as
easy as that read the signs and act.
Dec-06
Exactly. When we developed the app, the addition of a

feedback section was critical. In very simple terms, you need to
know what gives your workforce the absolute shits.
We let crews know that this section was their voice and was a
direct line of contact to project management, because thats
exactly what it is. Each swing all feedback submissions are given
straight to the project manager for review and actioning, and
these actions are then fed back to crews via Toolbox Talks, or on
the app during the next swing. We even have a prize for the best
feedback, positive or negative, each month.
Frequency Rate
Is this where the apps feedback section comes into play?
SAFETY
TRIF Rate
APGA HSE Committee Chair Mark Twycross.
APGA quarterly health and safety statistics

Lost Time Injuries
Medical Treatment
Injuries
Total manhours
worked in year
LTIF rate
TRIF rate
Year ended June 2007
36
2,966,397
1.69
13.82
10
50
4,610,418
2.17
13.01
101
6,034,731
1.16
17.9
54
6,139,961
1.14
9.93
19
34
6,418,416
2.96
8.26
44
7,268,284
0.96
7.02
52
10,213,190
0.59
5.68
53
14,202,220
0.35
4.08
38
8,004,872
0.37
5.12
TOTAL
69
462
65,858,559
1.05
8.06
71
INTEGRITY & MAINTENANCE
A. Three-port valve as used for launching cleaning tools

B.
Low pressure or low flow can be major challenges for successful ILI
inspections.
C.
A bi-directional MFL tool.
Piggable, challenging or un-piggable: how do I know?
Inspecting challenging pipelines

By Dr. Michael Beller, Tom Steinvoorte and Stefan Vages, ROSEN Group
Pipelines are a valuable asset and need to be protected. In order to achieve this a modern pipeline integrity
management program includes regular inspections followed by integrity assessment and, if required, repair and
rehabilitation measures.
well-proven method for the inspection of pipelines,

especially high-pressure transmission pipelines is the use
of automated inspection tools which can survey pipelines
from within providing full circumferential and axial coverage.
These tools, generally referred to as free swimming in-line
inspection tools (ILI) or intelligent pigs, utilise non-destructive
testing techniques such as magnetic flux leakage (MFL),
ultrasound technology (UT), eddy current (EC), or a combination
thereof to detect, size and locate possible anomalies or flaws.
Unfortunately not all types of pipelines can be investigated with
this type of tool in a straightforward manner, and therefore some
pipelines have been labelled un-piggable.
The oil and gas industry can be divided into three major
segments: upstream, midstream and downstream. Globally there
are close to four million kilometres of transmission pipelines
allocated to the midstream sector and references can be found
that approximately 40 per cent of those lines are un-piggable.
Additional challenging or difficult to inspect pipelines can be
found in the upstream and downstream sector resulting in a total
of at least two million kilometres of un-piggable pipelines that
potentially require attention.
So what does un-piggable really mean?
If an inspection of a pipeline asset cannot take place through a

standard process, meaning that either the equipment used or line
to be inspected have to be modified significantly, then the term
un-piggable is often used.
72
The term piggable is associated with the ability to use existing

free-swimming ILI tools for inspection purposes. The successful
use of such a tool means that the inspection device can be inserted
into the line at a suitable location and subsequently retrieved. In
general, this addresses the accessibility of a line. It implies that a
pipeline needs launchers and receivers.
The second consideration is whether a chosen tool can freely
travel through the entire line. This regards the issue of
negotiability. Free swimming ILI can negotiate certain pipeline
geometries, but not all. If a line to be surveyed has some unusual
geometric design features, it could be labelled un-piggable.
A strength of traditional ILI tools is that they can usually be
applied while the pipeline remains in operation, in turn this
implies that the operational conditions during a survey must
comply with its capabilities. Unusual operating conditions can
also make existing ILI tools obsolete.
The third topic to address is the issue of propulsion, i.e. how is
the tool moved in the line.
All in all, many factors come together in determining whether a
line is piggable or not.
It has been proven that, for difficult to inspect pipelines,
internal inspection is often possible and still provides the most
efficient and effective means to collect data for subsequent
integrity assessment and fitness-for-purpose investigations. The
industry today is therefore using the term challenging, rather
than un-piggable for these pipelines. Selected examples are
introduced in this article to illustrate the point.
Different categories of internally applied tools, also referred to as

non-traditional ILI or speciality free swimming are available for
challenging pipelines today. These term relates to specialised or
modified free swimming ILI tools which can negotiate pipelines
with certain geometric restrictions, obstructions or challenges.
Examples may be multi-diameter lines, small bend radii, certain
pipe installations such as wye- or T-pieces, or single access pipes
that require bi-directional tools in order to be launched and
received at the same location. Special designs may also have to be
used to accommodate for special operating conditions, such as lowflow or low-pressure operating conditions.
In addition, there may also be benefits to applying a cableoperated or tethered tool, where the cable can be used for energy
supply, and/or data transfer, or simply as an option to pull the
tool back to retrieve it. Tethered tools generally do not have their
own drive and need to be pumped in at least one direction. If
pumping or provision of a differential pressure is not feasible,
then an inspection device would need its own drive unit. This
introduces the realm of robotic tools, also referred to as
crawlers.
A further difference between traditional ILI and the internal
inspection solutions for challenging pipelines is that the latter in
most cases requires individual tailor made inspection procedures
rather than predefined and standardised ones.
If an inspection from the inside is not possible at all then
external techniques and procedures will need to be utilised.
External inspection techniques such as Direct Assessment will not
be considered here.
The main purpose of any inspection utilising non-destructive

testing technologies is to collect accurate, reliable and robust data
about any flaws and defects which may be present in the pipe wall
and in turn impair its mechanical integrity. This implies that any
inspection device used for the inspection of challenging pipelines
must fulfil the same requirements placed on testing piggable
pipelines. An anomaly must be detected, sized and located
accurately. This aspect is discussed in Beller and Reber (2003).
In addition to fulfilling certain inspection requirements, the
tools used must also be able to access the line and travel through
it. When addressing challenging pipelines the issues of
accessibility, geometry, and operational parameters must
therefore be considered.
The creation of an optimised tool implies all aspects of
mechanical design, suitable non-destructive testing technology,
electronics, storage devices and propulsion means are taken into
account, as described by Steinvoorte and Vages (2013). The latter
requires access to different propulsion designs in order to provide
and ensure maximum traction for a given pipeline environment.
It is important to understand that the inspection of a
challenging pipeline requires more than just a specialised tool. It
also entails developing and using tailor made processes for a given
inspection task, in other words it requires an optimised solution
engineering approach. This not only includes the measurement
systems but also the required cleaning and pipeline preparation,
as well as tool tracking procedures. There are a variety of
contributing factors which determine whether a pipeline is
piggable, challenging or truly un-piggable.
The issue of accessibility
Any inspection device used internally must be introduced into

the pipeline to be investigated. This implies that the line is
accessible.
Piggable lines need suitable launchers and receivers and are
generally inspected in a uni-directional mode. If tool traps are not
available or not suitable, access has to be achieved via other
means. Accessibility can be achieved through technical and/or
procedural means.
One solution may be the use of temporary traps, another to use
a hot tapping operation. Then again procedures can be developed
to use a given flange or any other access point, for instance a
valve, as a point of entry. Tools can also be designed to allow for
single access, i.e. entering and leaving the line at the same
location. In this case a bi-directional tool and appropriate
procedures must be utilised.
Case study: accessing a line using a three-port valve
The mission of this project was the inspection of a number of

10-inch flow-lines transporting a multi-phase medium consisting
of oil, water and natural gas. The lines transport the multi-phase
medium to a gathering line.
73
There were no launchers and receivers and it was not feasible

to install them, even temporarily. The customer required an
internal inspection ensuring full coverage of the pipe wall.
The only access to the line available were specialised three-port
valves which had originally been installed to launch cleaning
scrapers (see Image A).
The special requirement in this case was therefore to modify an
ILI-metal loss survey tool in order to fit into the very confined
space of the three-port valve. In addition, a launching and
receiving procedure had to be developed to ensure that the ILI
tool would safely enter the line and could also be safely retrieved.
In order to ease the actual introduction of the tool into the valve
a special metal cage was designed into which the tool could be
pre-loaded. Then the entire cage was introduced into the valve,
locked and the valve closed.
From here the tool could be launched safely and then the cage
retrieved. For receiving a similar device was used at the
downstream valve into which the tool travelled, was then stopped
and could then be retrieved.
A very important and indeed critical aspect was the tool
tracking during the inspection and especially as the tool
approached the receiver.
It was of great importance to be able to detect the tool
approach and measure with high precision, to ensure that the
tools final approach could be controlled and stopped exactly at
the location of the valve.
On the issue of negotiability
The term negotiability addresses whether an inspection device

can get through a line.
Hindrance of achieving this may be due to the mechanical
design of the line or the operational conditions during the
inspection. The former relates to items such as tightness of bends,
type of bend for instance miter bends, diameter variations,
installations that need to be passed, such as wyes or unbarred
T-pieces.
The latter addresses issues such as low flow, low pressure, or
the opposite of particularly high pressures or flow and
temperatures. In short, all those operational conditions may not
allow for the use of a traditional ILI tool.
Negotiability example: ultra-low flow inspection
The project was to inspect a 16-inch onshore gas pipeline

during normal operation.
The challenge resulted from the operational conditions during
the inspection. The pipeline in question is used to feed several
customers through various offtakes distributed along the route.
Towards the final offtakes the flow velocity reduces to values
around 0.1 m/s. A high resolution MFL inspection was required
providing full coverage at a pressure well below requirements for
traditional ILI.
Here the solution concentrated on designing a customised pull
unit which provided optimum sealing at all times during the
inspection and thus ensuring no risk of bypass. With the
prevailing low flow the latter would have invariably resulted in
stoppage of the tool. In addition to the sealing issue, a lowfriction magnetiser was used to minimise friction during the run.
Due to the low travel speed, it also had to be ensured that the
onboard power supply was capable of handling the run time. This
was achieved by using a modified pull unit housing extra
74
batteries. High-quality data was collected utilising advanced hall

sensors with no lower speed limit. An eddy current-based system
was used to differentiate internal and external features.
Special procedures were devised in order to mitigate any risk
regarding the low flow conditions including a kicking option,
i.e. depressurising the line downstream of the tool, if necessary.
A specialised pipeline data logger was included to record
differential pressures during a gauge tool run in order to gain a
full understanding of operational conditions prevailing in the line
during inspection.
One major benefit to the customer was that the inspection did
not impair with the routine operation of the line and high-quality
inspection data was obtained.
On the issue of propulsion
The issue of propulsion relates to the question on how the tool

is moved through the line.
In traditional ILI the inspection devises are pumped and the
propulsion of the tool is provided by the differential pressures
across the driving unit. Pumping, if possible, is also one of the
options for moving tools during a challenging inspection
operation.
However, providing this differential pressure is the challenge if
the inspection cannot be performed during normal operations.
In addition to pumping inspection tools can also be moved or
retrieved through the use of special cables or so-called tethers.
The cable in these cases can have three functions. Any of these
can be used independently or in combination.
First, the cable can be used for tool movement. This application
is often referred to as a wireline service.
Second, the cable can be used for power supply, and finally it
can be used for data transfer. One major advantage of cableoperated tools is that they can be stopped during the inspection
to enable a stationary inspection for a specific time. This may be
an advantage during video inspections (allowing operators to
have a closer look), or during specialised crack inspections that
utilise time of flight diffraction (TOFD) techniques which are
currently not possible with axial tool movement. The price to be
paid is that tethered tools travel at much lower speeds than free
swimming tools.
If pumping or pulling is not possible, the situation arises where
a tool must have its own propulsion unit. This is the realm of
robotic tools, also available in the todays industry.
These special crawler devises are used to move the required
inspection unit through the pipeline, uni-directionally or
bi-directionally.
The two most important aspects relating to the use of robotic
tools is to have access to the right configuration for the job,
i.e. a unit providing precisely the traction forces required for a
given task. If traction is too low, the tool train may become stuck.
If traction is too high, the line may be damaged.
The other paramount requirement is a fail-safe use: what goes
into the line, must come out. This implies that robotic tools must
incorporate collapsible designs to ensure that they can be reliably
retrieved in case of malfunction.
Propulsion example: inspection of storage tubes
An operator had the challenge to determine a viable solution to

inspect his storage tubes with lengths ranging from 246 to 875 m
and wall thicknesses ranging from 13.2 to 25.4 mm.
The storage tubes serve as an alternate to storage caverns or

abandoned oil/gas wells to store ethane, which is used in the
production of ethylene products. These storage systems enable
the operator to gather sufficient product in order to ship it
efficiently through their pipeline network. The challenge here was
to develop a solution to inspect these storage tubes, diameters
48 inch and 54 inch, from within with the precision and
reliability usually associated with ILI inspection, and without the
need for personnel do be physically inside the line during
inspection, the method previously used.
Obstacles that needed to be overcome were that only a single
access point was available without any traps, and no flow was
available during the inspection requiring a tool incorporating its
own propulsion unit for movement. The inspection requirements
set by the operator were optimum probability of detection (POD)
and probability of identification (POI) for internal and external
metal loss as provided by free swimming ILI tools.
The solution required the development of a reliable propulsion
unit to move the inspection tool through the tube, which was not
available initially. For this reason a special robotic design was
utilised, incorporating a self-propelled movement technology as
shown in Image D. This design was based on an earlier helical
movement design and then extended to be used in conjunction
with an axial movement technology. The robotic technology
design includes an autonomous onboard power supply, online
charging, a failsafe tethering retrieval unit, visual monitoring in
front and rear, accurate power consumption monitoring and is
capable of negotiating the 48-inch to 54-inch diameter range.
The fail-safe system includes retractable yokes for the MFL
inspection unit, emergency power supplies as well as a backup
wireline for power, communications and evacuation.
The inspection speed was approximately 90 m/h. The five
storage tubes which formed part of the project were successfully
inspected in September and October 2014. The data quality and
quantity was assessed in the field and determined to be good. A
first screening for any metal loss was performed on site and first
results could be presented within 12 hours of the completion of
the inspection.
A great benefit was achieving full ILI specification for a pipe
section or tube considered un-piggable. A further advantage was
the capability to inspect lines with different diameters with a
single crawler device and achieving full coverage of the line.
Application of automated internal inspection without the need
Above: The RoHelix, a self-propelled robotic crawler.
for traps. Highest level of safety with no need for human

personnel to enter the line. Minimised risk due to the fail-safe
mechanism incorporated into the design of the propulsion unit.
Further case studies relating to the issues of accessibility,
negotiability and propulsion can be found in the literature, Beller
et.al. (2015).
Conclusions
Today many pipelines previously considered un-piggable can

be inspected internally. A toolbox approach must be used for a
successful inspection ensuring that the most suitable
non-destructive testing technique is available as well as addressing
the issues of accessibility, negotiability and propulsion which
differentiate the un-piggables from the piggable lines.
Tailor-made procedures are necessary to accommodate for the
special requirements of each line. The importance is that a variety
of technical aspects covering drive, optimised inspection
techniques, maneuverability inside the pipe and also procedural
aspects, built largely on experience and skills sets of the personnel
involved must be considered. It can therefore truly be stated that
a vast proportion of the pipelines present globally which were
deemed un-piggable until now can be inspected from the inside
with full coverage and with all the associated benefits.
It may therefore be advisable to refer to these lines as
challenging in future and leave the term un-piggable to the
proportion of lines which cannot be inspected from the inside at
all and therefore need to be accessed from the outside.
References
Beller, M., Reber, K., Tools, Vendors and services: a review of

current in-line inspection technologies, in: J. Tiratsoo (ed.),
Pipeline Pigging & Integrity Technology, third ed., Scientific
Surveys Ltd., Beaconsfield, UK and Clarion Technical publishers,
Houston, TX, 2003, pp. 357-374.
Steinvoorte, T., Vages, S., Tailored ILI Services Delivering
Solutions for Challenging Pipelines. In Proceedings Rio Pipeline
Conference & Exposition, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: Brazilian
Petroleum and Biofuels Institute, 2013.
Beller, M., Sabido, C., Schaller, D., Steinvoorte, S., Vages, S.,
Speciality Solutions for the Inspection of Challenging Pipelines, in
Proceedings Rio Pipeline Conference & Exposition, Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil: Brazilian Petroleum and Biofuels Institute, 2015.
75
The material selected for the blocks is low-density PE (LDPE),

which is tough but softer than the material that is used for coated
pipe, so it can never damage the coating layer.
Based on the elasticity of the blocks, the supporting surface will
take over the curvature of the pipe, which means the coating of
the pipe is protected against damage. The LDPE material has
proven itself in all Dhatecs transport and storage systems and was
subject to all kind of testing with coated pipes.
Besides being able to prevent coating damage and enabling
spacing between each pipe, Pipe Stop offers the advantage of
supporting sideways on two surfaces which reduces the ovality.
After being introduced to the market Pipe Stop defined a new
standard for supporting pipe and tubes during storage. For
Dhatecs customers it is possible to control the quality of the pipe
and its coating and, even more importantly, it offers a safe
working environment for employees.
Aussie experience
A good example of the Australian pipeline industry embracing

the Pipe Stop technology was on the Victorian Northern
Interconnection Expansion Pipeline Project. Leading logistics
services provider, Qube Energy, used Pipe Stop as a safe, efficient
and secure stacking system as part of its stockpile management at
the South Wharf facility in the Port of Melbourne.
According to a Qube Energy spokesperson, the technology is a
very secure, safe and efficient system allowing Qube Energy to
remove sections of track not required once line pipe has been
Dhatecs pipe stacking technology has been used on a number of projects in Australia
Top level pipe stacking for the Australian

industry
moved out, meaning that lay down area is quickly reclaimed, or

can be moved to smaller sections with multiple access points.
The spokesperson said that when the distribution of pipe is
excessively handled, Pipe Stop is efficient since the positioning is easy
to set up by prepared configurations. The adjustability of the system
enables one set of material to be used for multiple pipe diameters.
The next level of Pipe Stop
In 2014, Dhatec was approached by one of the worlds leading

contractors for a pipe storage system on vessels.
With the existing Pipe Stop system in mind, Dhatecs
development team had thorough discussions with naval engineers
to determine the possibility of adapting Pipe Stop for vessels.
Since Pipe Stop was only applied on static surfaces, the challenge
of transporting pipe on vessels with Pipe Stop is to withstand the
dynamic surface.
Together with external engineering teams, Dhatec made new
calculations for the Pipe Stop system in which the dynamic
surface, the influence of the ship breaking into the waves and the
influence of the movement of the ship were taken into account.
After extensive contact with naval engineers and approval of
the contractor, nine pipe supply vessels have been equipped with
Dhatecs Pipe Stop system. Again, Dhatec has set a new standard
for high level quality protection throughout the logistic process.
New challenges for the Dhatec team and Pipe Stop are already
being discussed in regards to equipping a system that can support
pipes on the bottom of ships.
OSD AT APPEA CONFERENCE
By Bernadet Gijsbers and Maureen Kersten
In the global supply chain of pipeline projects, pipe lengths often travel long distances before they are installed
onshore or offshore. During the different stages of transport, quality loss to the pipe and coating can easily occur.
ith pipe lengths being handled, transported and stored

multiple times before they arrive at a construction site,
they can be subject to high loads and inclement weather.
According to industry research, supports that are used
throughout this process to mitigate quality loss to the pipe are
often not designed to reduce these threats. In fact, the supports
used can worsen the situation.
Dutch company Dhatec, part of the Shawcor family, is a
manufacturer and supplier of high quality products which enable the
delivery of pipe from production mill to the construction site intact.
In 2009 Dhatec introduced the Pipe Stop technology an
engineered, safe and secure storage system for pipe. Fast forward
to today, and the system is used worldwide by many different
customers for safe and stable storage, reducing the footprint of
expansive storage yards. Recently, a new level of performance
was achieved by Pipe Stop, with the technology being used as a
safe stacking system for the support of pipe on vessels.
Science behind Pipe Stop
When Dhatec initiated the development of a safe storage
76
HPH 10
OSD
system, research showed the company that enormous forces are

exerted on the supports of the pipe. During two years of
development, all forces in pipe stacks were analysed and the
behaviour of pipe in a stack was evaluated, where it was proved
to be important that the distances between the pipe in the bottom
layer are equal.
Dhatecs engineering team concluded that to make sure the
distance between the pipe is equally divided, each pipe length
needs to be blocked from rolling. Working with wedge-shaped
supports of constant quality controls the distance between pipes
and makes the stack more stable.
The Pipe Stop system goes even further by providing support
based on the diameter of the pipe, made up of polyethylene (PE)
compound blocks that are easily positioned on a steel reinforced
PE compound gear rack.
With four different types of blocks a diameter from 203.2 to
2,450 mm (8 to 100 inch) can be covered, with a very easy setup
because the configurations for the stack are prepared. This also
enables a safe work environment and prevents employees working
between the pipe during the handling processes.
77
COVER STORY
COVER STORY
Connecting port to pipeline

Qubes Energy Division has demonstrated its supply chain expertise and capabilities in delivering a fully
integrated ship to site supply chain solution for Tranche 1, 2 and 3 of the Victorian Northern Interconnect
Expansion project, currently one of the pipeline industrys major projects in Australia.
he Victorian Northern Interconnect Expansion (VNIE)

project, which is operated by APA Group, involves looping
sections of the existing 260 km Victorian Northern
Interconnect (VNI) pipeline to increase capacity, as well as
increasing compression capacity north and south of the VNI.
One of the biggest challenges of the VNIE project was the
logistics of transporting 336 km of pipe sourced from China to
the project site, with several laydown areas spread across central
and northern Victoria.
The ship to site supply chain
Qube was contracted by Bao Australia to manage the supply

chain for Tranche 1, 2 and 3 of the VNIE pipeline project,
including vessel management to pipe laydown at Wallan,
Tallarook, and Benalla in central Victoria, and up to Harefield in
New South Wales for the Tranche 3 deliveries. In addition to the
this supply chain, Qube was also responsible for:
Full project management
Stevedoring at Qubes South Wharf facility in the Port of
Melbourne
Storage and stockpile management
Transportation of the pipe to the laydown areas at Wallan,
Tallarook and Benalla, Victoria and Harefield, NSW
Excavation and vac-lift unloading operations of pipe into
the laydown areas at respective locations.
Stevedoring large shipments
A pipe convoy prepares to leave the Port of Melbourne for central Victoria.
78
The cargo of the VNIE projects pipe reached Australia in eight

total shipments from China, with Tranche 1 and 2 requiring two
separate shipments each, and Tranche 3 a total of four shipments.
Project key
Length: 336 km
Diameter: 406 mm
Pipe length: 18 m
Number of pipe lengths: 19,800
As part of this process Qube unloaded a massive 19,800 pipe
lengths at the Melbourne South Wharf facility.
Importantly for the smooth management of the supply chain, at
no time was there any interruption to urban traffic during
discharge because Qube operates the facility at South Wharf and
manages the wharf laydown.
This arrangement offered flexibility to the VNIE projects
stakeholders, and also meant that costs and risks for the project
were reduced.
Qube also stevedored the vessel which allowed for a
tightly-planned and open communication operation.
Storage and stockpile management
A number of innovative handling and stacking methods were

deployed by Qube in the storage and stockpile phases of the
operation:
Specially designed coated pipe hooks to protect and ensure
the coating and integrity of the pipe was maintained.
Specialised spreaders were used to ensure the maximum
number of pipes could be lifted safely and efficiently from
79
COVER STORY
both the vessels and mobile cranes on the wharf.

Qube utilised the advanced Dhatec Pipe Stop system for
stockpiling of line pipe at its wharf facility. Sections of
track not required could be removed once line pipe had
been moved out or moved to smaller sections with
multiple access points, meaning that the laydown area was
quickly reclaimed.
Qube used the Vacuworx vacuum lift system to attach to
Qubes forklifts meaning no additional machinery needed to
be hired for the project. This enabled quick load-out of the
line pipe from storage and onto the trucks for transport.
The load-out of pipe was coordinated around curfew hours
to enable trucks to deliver multiple loads in one day.
Transportation challenges
Transporting the numerous pipe lengths to laydown sites in

northern regional Victoria and New South Wales was logistically
challenging, with as many as 1,385 truckloads required to shift
the pipe to construction sites.
The pipe was successfully transported on extendable trailers,
with between eight and eleven trailer loads delivered to different
sites daily.
The first 30 km of pipe was transported to Wallan just north of
Melbourne, and the remaining 306 km of pipe was taken to
locations at Tallarook, Benalla, and Harefield.
At all times Qube prioritised safe work practices and principles,
which has resulted in a five years lost time injury (LTI) free safety
performance. The VNIE project was no exception, maintaining
zero LTI, and zero incidents in a high risk environment.
Stakeholder engagement
Given the size and importance of the expansion project, it was

a priority of Qubes to manage the complex communication
required between the many project stakeholders. These
stakeholders included line pipe supplier Bao Australia, the
shipping line delivering the pipe into South Wharf, the Port of
Melbourne authority, and owner/operator APA Group.
Stakeholder engagement was critical to being well-prepared for
the arrival of the shipments and to ensure that all parties were
fully equipped with the documented procedures for handling of
coated line pipe. This ensured the safety and integrity of both
employees and the line pipe at all times.
Project management
Project managing the VNIE pipeline across eight separate

shipments required Qube to be flexible, yet scheduling and
pre-empting any delays was critical to ensure the wharf area was
always clear to receive the line pipe from each vessel.
As a result of Qubes project management and running the
operation through South Wharf for all stockpile management,
load-out and transport, any changes were able to be implemented
quickly through the stakeholder engagement process.
Qube was also able to ramp up the number of trucks each day as
required, ensuring the project was delivered on budget and on time.
Delivering on expectations
Qube demonstrated significant supply chain expertise and

capability in delivering reliable logistics services to the project,
and its stakeholders concur.
80
Shipping
from China
With a total of eight
shipments from China,
getting the VNIE project
in place in central
Victoria was a logistical
challenge. Below are the
specs of each shipment:
Tranche 1
First shipment from AAL Hong Kong carrying
32 km of pipe (3,166 tonne, or 1,564 lengths)
Second shipment from AAL Pusan carrying
38.5 km of pipe (3,116 tonne, or 2,130 lengths)
Tranche 2
First shipment from AAL Newcastle carrying
Second shipment from AAL Brisbane carrying
47.5 km of pipe (3 925 tonne, or 3,925 lengths)
Tranche 3
First shipment from AAL Hong Kong carrying
Second shipment from AAL Shanghai carrying
Third shipment from AAL Hong Kong carrying
Fourth shipment from AAL Shanghai carrying
Qube was extremely professional in the execution of its
delivery logistics associated with the VNIE project, from
unloading the pipe off the ship at the wharf, right through to
loading pipe into the APA pipe stockpile, said APA Groups
Project and Construction Manager for the VNIE Project, Richard
Cherney.
Bao Australias satisfaction with Qubes supply chain expertise
and quality service delivery has led to the pipe manufacturer
awarding Qube Energy the final looping sections of the VNIE
pipeline project, incorporating another 167 km of pipeline.
Qube has completed the inland logistic job for APA VNIE
Tranche 1 and 2 professionally, including discharging pipe at Port
Melbourne, stocking, and transiting to the APA Group
nominated yard located inland Victoria. With its excellent
management and performance, we have awarded Qube another
job of APA VNIE Loop 6 to 9 inland logistics, said Bao Australia
Managing Director Lei Jin.
To find out more about Qubes capabilities

visit www.qube.com.au
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Target the most influential members of Australias resources industry.
Be seen on the Australian Pipeliners Major Pipelines Map 2016
The Major Pipelines of Australia map includes all major existing oil, gas, ethane,
slurry and LPG pipelines, and is constantly updated throughout the year.
The Major Pipelines of Australia map is widely referenced and hugely popular across
many different industries and government bodies.
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1
MAJOR PIPELINES
MAP 2016
LEGEND
Gas Pipeline
B5
Oil Pipeline
From Bayu-Undan
Ichthys
Gas Field
North
Rankin
Wheatstone Rankin
Xena
Brulimar
Mataranka
BROWSE BASIN
BEETALOO BASIN
Reindeer
Daly Waters
DAMPIER
Q11
North Rankin
W11
Goodwyn
Macedon
Townsville
Angel
W13
Tubridgi
Pluto
Reindeer
Campbell
W12
W9
W17
Tubridgi
Paraburdoo
Cape Preston
W1
W4
Telfer
Wodgina
B1
W8
Nifty Copper Mine
West
Angelas
Palm Valley
GEORGINA BASIN
QUEENSLAND
Q9
Geraldton
Q22
COOPER-EROMANGA BASIN
Moomba
Leinster
Jaguar
Murrin Murrin
W18
Cheepie
PERTH
100
200
300
400
500
S6
Penola
Snuggery
S5
Wollert
Hamilton Mortlake
Altona
S8
Midwest Pipeline, APA Group/Horizon Power, Gas, 351.5 km
Goldfields Gas Pipeline, APA Group, Gas, 1,590 km
Kambalda - Esperance Gas Pipeline, Esperance Pipeline Company Pty Ltd,
Gas, 342 km
Pilbara Pipeline System, APA Group, Gas, 219 km
Telfer Pipeline, Energy Infrastructure Investments, Gas, 442 km
Nifty Pipeline, Energy Infrastructure Investments, Gas, 45 km
North West Shelf Trunkline 1, North West Shelf Joint Venture, Gas and
Condensate, 134 km
W10. North West Shelf Trunkline 2, North West Shelf Joint Venture, Gas and
Condensate, 135 km
W11. Angel Export Pipeline (to North Rankin A), North West Shelf Joint
Venture, Gas and Condensate, 49 km
W12. Wanea/Cossack export line, CWLH Joint Venture, Oil, 33 km
W13. Pluto Trunkline , Woodside Petroleum, Gas and Condensate, 180 km
W14. Wodgina Lateral, Talison Wodgina Ptd Ltd, Gas, 80 km
W15. Neerabup Pipeline, NewGen Neerabup partnership (ERM Power and
Energy Infrastructure Trust), Gas, 30 km
W16. Reindeer Raw Gas Pipeline, Apache Energy, Gas, 102 km
W17. Griffin/Tubridgi Pipeline, BHP Petroleum, Gas, 88 km (no longer in service)
W18. Jaguar Lateral, Jabiru, Gas, 33 km
W19. Fortescue River Gas Pipeline, Fortescue Metals Group, Gas, 270 km
W20. West Angelas Pipeline, Rio Tinto, Gas, 85 km
W21. Cape Preston Slurry Pipeline, CITIC Pacific, Slurry, 30 km
W22. Eastern Goldfields Gas Pipeline, APA Group, Gas, 292 km
V2
Carisbrook
Ararat
Stawell
S6
Mt. Gambier
Portland
W6.
W7.
W8.
W9.
Casino
V10
Tumut
V16
N1
12
13
14
15
23
20
21
GIPPSLAND BASIN
Sole
Patricia Baleen
Longford
Bass Strait Fields
V6
HORSHAM
T1
Yolla
WOLLERT
BASS BASIN
Port Latta
T1
Bell Bay
TASMANIA
Sole
Henry
LONGFORD
Kipper
Tuna
GEELONG
T2
T1
Minerva
HOBART
Turrum
Manta
Casino
Barracouta
Geographe
Thylacine
16
17
Gummy
Basker
Yolla
11
22
SYDNEY BASIN
Orbost
V8
V13
V9
V4
OTWAY BASIN
N1
V7
Long
Island
V5
V14
V11 Geographe
Minerva
Thylacine
Wollongong
CANBERRA
Wodonga
MELBOURNE
V12
Geelong
V3
V1
Newcastle
SYDNEY
N5
A.C.T.
N3
N2
Echuca
N7
Lithgow
Illabo
Wagga Wagga
Culcairn
Koonoomoo
VICTORIA
Orange
Forbes
Marsden
Griffith
Berri
Murray
Bridge
Horsham
W3.
W4.
W5.
N4
Mildura
S4
ADELAIDE
kilometres
(Reference No., Name, Owner, Product, Approx. length)
Tamworth
N8
Dubbo
Wellington
Parkes
Angaston
The coloured basins on this map are gas-producing basins of Australia. Note they are approximate
in size and the varying colours are not representative of estimated reserves or developed infrastructure.
Moomba - Adelaide Pipeline System, QIC Global Infrastructure, Gas, 1,184 km

Angaston - Mildura Pipeline, Envestra, Gas, 379 km
SESA Pipeline, APA Group, Gas, 45 km
SEA Gas Pipeline, APA Group (50%)/SEA Gas (50%), Gas, 687 km
Whyalla Slurry Pipeline, OneSteel, Slurry, 62 km
South East Pipeline System, QIC Global Infrastructure, Gas, 71 km
Tasmania Gas Pipeline, Tasmania Gas Pipeline Pty Ltd, Gas, 736 km
Tasmanian Savage River Magnetite Slurry Line, Grange Resources Limited,
Slurry, 83 km
Victorian Gas Transmission Pipeline System, APA Group, Gas, 1,992 km
Carisbrook - Horsham Pipeline, Gas Pipelines Victoria, Gas, 181 km
Lara - Iona Pipeline, APA Group, Gas, 144 km
WAG Pipeline,Viva Energy Australia, Liquids, 136 km
Long Island - Altona Ethane Pipeline, Esso/BHP Billiton, Ethane, 78 km
Longford - Dandenong Pipeline, APA Group, Gas, 174 km
Longford - Long Island LPG Pipeline, Esso/BHP Billiton, LPG, 188.3 km
Longford - Long Island Pipeline, Esso/BHP Billiton, Oil, 185 km
BassGas Pipeline, Origin Energy, Gas, 215 km
Casino Gas Pipeline, Santos, Gas, 46 km
Otway Gas Pipeline, Origin Energy, Gas, 83 km
Mortlake Pipeline, Origin Energy, Gas, 83 km
South Gippsland Natural Gas Pipeline, Multinet Gas, Gas, 65.5 km
Brooklyn to Corio Pipeline, APA Group, Gas, 50.7 km
Dampier - Bunbury Natural Gas Pipeline, DBP, Gas, 1,828 km
Parmelia Gas Pipeline, APA Group, Gas, 416 km
BRISBANE
Q8
Moonie
GUNNEDAH BASIN
N6
Port
Pirie
S3
Pipeline information and graphic design Great Southern Press 2016
V1.
V2.
V3.
V4.
V5.
V6.
V7.
V8.
V9.
V10.
V11.
V12.
V13.
V14.
W1.
W2.
25
Toowoomba
Q14
SURAT BASIN
NEW SOUTH WALES

Narromine
Esperance
S3.
S4.
S5.
S6.
S7.
S8.
T1.
T2.
Q13
N5
Source Data/Map courtesy Geoscience Australia, Canberra.

Crown Copyright . All rights reserved. www.ga.gov.au
KEY
Darling Downs
Q18
Q7
N4
S3
Whyalla
S7
Steel
Whyalla
Works
Bunbury
Q6. Roma - Brisbane Pipeline, APA Group, Gas, 849 km

Q7. Jackson - Moonie Pipeline, Santos, Oil, 797 km
Q8. Moonie - Brisbane Pipeline, Santos, Oil, 307 km (no longer in service)
Q9. Carpentaria Pipeline, APA Group, Gas, 840 km
Q10. Cannington Lateral, APA Group, Gas, 97.4 km
Q11. Century - Karumba Slurry Pipeline, MMG Century,
Zinc and lead slurry, 304 km
Q12. Fairview - Wallumbilla Pipeline, Santos, Gas, 130 km
Q13. Braemar 1 Pipeline, Alinta Energy Group, Gas, 115 km
Q14. Braemar 2 Pipeline, Braemar 2 Power Partnership
(ERM Power and Arrow Energy), Gas, 105 km
Q15. Spring Gully - Wallumbilla Gas Pipeline, Origin Energy, Gas, 87 km
Q16. QSN Link, APA Group, Gas, 182 km
Q17. Jackson - Moomba Pipeline, Santos, Oil, 273 km
Q18. Berwyndale to Wallumbilla Pipeline, APA Group, Gas, 112 km
Q19. Wallumbilla - Darling Downs Pipeline, Origin Energy, Gas, 205 km
Q20. Silver Springs to Wallumbilla Pipeline, Mosaic Oil, Gas, 120 km
Q21. Peat Lateral, APA Group, Gas, 121 km
Q22. Tarbat - Jackson Pipeline, Santos, Oil, 130 km
Q23. Australia Pacific LNG (APLNG) Pipeline, Origin Energy, Gas, 415 km
Q24. Wallumbilla to Gladstone Pipeline (WGP) (formerly QCLNG Pipeline),
APA Group, Gas, 340 km
Q25. GLNG Pipeline, Santos, Gas, 435 km
S1.
Ballera - Moomba Pipeline, Santos, Raw Gas/Liquids, 180 km
S2.
Moomba - Port Bonython Pipeline, Santos, Oil/Condensate, 659 km
Maryborough
Q19
Berywndale
South
Port Bonython
W1
Miles
Q6
Kalgoorlie
W5
W2
Pinjarra
Roma
Q20
COOPER BASIN
N5
Bundaberg
Q23
Q21
N4
Kambalda
NOTE: This map is a schematic representation only and shows approximate location of
major completed and under construction pipelines. It does not show exact pipeline routes.
Q2.
Q3.
Q4.
Q5.
Durham
Jackson
Q17
Q24
Fairview
Wallumbilla
W2
COMPILED AND PUBLISHED BY GREAT SOUTHERN PRESS PTY LTD

t: +61 3 9248 5100 f: +61 3 9602 2708 e: query@pipeliner.com.au www.pipeliner.com.au
N6.
N7.
N8.
Q1.
Q5
Q5
S2
Cawse
Amadeus Basin - Darwin Pipeline, APA Group, Gas, 1,671 km

Daly Waters - McArthur River Gas Pipeline, Power and Water
Corporation, Gas, 332 km
Mereenie - Alice Springs Oil Pipeline, Santos, Oil, 270 km (no longer in service)
Palm Valley - Alice Springs Pipeline, Envestra, Gas, 147 km
Bayu-Undan - Darwin Gas Pipeline, ConocoPhillips, Gas, 502 km
Blacktip Gas Export Pipeline, Eni Australia B.V., Gas and Condensate, 110 km
Bonaparte Gas Pipeline, Energy Infrastructure Investments, Gas, 286 km
Ichthys Gas Export Pipeline, INPEX, Gas, 889 km
Dingo Gas Field Pipeline, Central Petroleum, Gas, 50 km
Eastern Gas Pipeline, Jemena, Gas, 797 km
Interconnect Pipeline Culcairn - Wodonga, APA Group, Gas, 57 km
Interconnect Pipeline Wagga Wagga - Culcairn, APA Group, Gas, 87 km
Moomba - Sydney Pipeline System, APA Group, Gas, 2,084 km
Moomba - Sydney Ethane Pipeline, Ethane Pipeline Income Fund,
Ethane, 1,375 km
Central West Pipeline, APA Group, Gas, 255 km
Sydney - Newcastle Liquids Pipeline, Caltex, Liquids, 211 km
Central Ranges Gas Pipeline, APA Group, Gas, 295 km
North Queensland Gas Pipeline, North Queensland Pipeline No 1 Pty Ltd
(50%)/North Queensland Gas Pipeline No 2 Pty Ltd (50%), Gas, 392 km
Queensland Gas Pipeline, Jemena, Gas, 627 km
Wide Bay Pipeline, Envestra, Gas, 274 km
Cheepie Barcaldine Gas Pipeline, Ergon Energy, Gas, 404 km
South West Queensland Pipeline, APA Group, Gas, 937 km
Q3
Injune
Q15
W22
Neerabup
B1.
B2.
Tarbat
Q16 Ballera
S1
SOUTH AUSTRALIA
W15
10
Q12
Glentullock
W4
Dongara
PERTH BASIN
Q4
Gilmore Field
Jundee
Leonora
Gladstone
Q2
Q25
Windimurra
W3
Rockhampton
Rolleston
Q2
Mount Magnet
B3.
B4.
B5.
B6.
B7.
B8.
B9.
N1.
N2.
N3.
N4.
N5.
BOWEN BASIN
Blackall
WESTERN AUSTRALIA
Mount Keith
24
Moranbah
Barcaldine
ADAVALE BASIN
B9
Carnarvon
W4
27
Mackay
B4
AMADEUS BASIN
Plutonic
Q1
Cannington
Alice Springs
Mereenie
W1
Woodstock
Q10
B3
CANNING BASIN
Newman
W20
26
Mt Isa
NORTHERN TERRITORY
W14
W19 Solomon
Exmouth
CARNARVON BASIN
W7
Port Hedland
W10
Dampier W6
Devil
W21
W16 Creek
East Spar
Griffin
1,500 m elevation
Century Mine
EXMOUTH
B1
Browse
29
500 m elevation
1,000 m elevation
Karumba
James Price Point
ek
il Cre
Dev
28
200 m elevation
McArthur
River Mine
B2
North Gorgon
Central Gorgon
31
Under Construction
Compressor
Pump Station
B1
Wadeye
30
LPG Pipeline
B6
BONAPARTE BASIN
B7
Io
Slurry Pipeline
Mount Todd
Blacktip
Angel
Jansz
Ethane Pipeline
DARWIN
B8
18
Bass Strait Fields
19
YOUR AD COULD BE HERE

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The pipeline state: Queensland region review

Pipeline projects continue to spring up in Queensland, with a number of new pipelines underway. The Australian
Pipeliner gives a quick overview of what is happening in Australias pipeline capital.
QCGs Charlie Development
Involving the construction of 300400 wells, a large field

compression station and associated pipelines and facilities, QGCs
Charlie development will feed into existing gas processing and
water infrastructure at Woleebee Creek.
The works are part of the continuous development of QGCs
tenements in the Surat Basin to sustain natural gas supply to both
domestic customers and the two-train Queensland Curtis LNG
(QCLNG) liquefaction plant on Curtis Island, near Gladstone.
QGCs pipelines team has begun mobilisation of crews for the
construction of the Charlie water and gas pipelines.
The Charlie project is located in the Surat Basin, Queensland,
and includes a 33 km steel gas pipeline and a 31 km water
pipeline, connecting the new Charlie Field Compression Station
to the existing Woleebee Creek plant.
The construction contract for the pipelines was awarded to CPB

Contractors (previously Leightons Contractors), who has engaged
Murphy Pipe and Civil as the early works pipeline contractor.
This work is in addition to ongoing installation of gas and
water gathering pipelines to connect new wells to QGCs existing
processing networks. At the time of writing, the following
activities were scheduled for March:
West and north west of Wandoan
Pipe trenching, pipeline laying and backfilling and
tying in connections.
Construction of gathering risers into well leases.
Rehabilitation of construction sites and pipeline
easements.
West and south of Chinchilla
Pipe stringing and welding.
CHARLIE FIELD
COMPRESSION STATION
Pipe trenching, laying, backfilling and tying in

connections.
Construction of gathering risers into well leases.
Rehabilitation of construction sites and pipeline
easements.
AGN to develop Bundaberg Gas Pipeline
The Queensland Government has entered into a development

agreement with Australian Gas Networks (AGN) for the delivery
and operation of the 28.5 km Bundaberg Gas Pipeline.
The Queensland Government announced plans to invest
$19 million into a new gas pipeline in Bundaberg in August 2014.
The pipeline is expected to increase business prospects and
employment in the region, with the potential to create up to
100 new full-time jobs and 600 indirect jobs.
The Bundaberg Gas Pipeline will begin at the existing Wide Bay
pipeline, situated west of Bundaberg, and extend through to the
Port of Bundaberg.
Edgen Murray has secured the contract to supply pipe for the
Bundaberg gas pipeline, which involves the supply of API 5L
X52 PSL2 high-pressure 3LPE coated steel linepipe.

Once complete, the pipeline will have the capacity to deliver a
further 0.5 TJ/d of gas above the required 1.1 TJ/d to support the
development of the new $70 million Knauf Plasterboard facility.
The pipeline is expected to be operational in early 2017, with
public consultation likely to start in the first half of 2016 on the
potential for a State Development Area around the Port of
Bundaberg. Zinfra was awarded the construction contract for
the pipeline.
Market uncertainty halts Arrow Bowen pipeline
Volatile oil prices have resulted in Arrow Energy continuing to

postpone development plans for its Bowen Basin tenements.
An Arrow spokesperson told The Australian Pipeliner that the
company is undertaking additional work to underpin an
economically-sound investment proposal to shareholders on both
the Bowen Gas Project and Arrow Bowen Pipeline.
The project includes a 430 km, 1,067 mm (42 inch) diameter
buried high-pressure steel pipeline to transport coal seam gas from
the Bowen Basin to a gas hub 22 km north-west of Gladstone.
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Charlie project area

QGC central processing plant
QGC-owned land
Main road
Power station
Water trunkline
QGC field compression station
Gas trunkline
Power network
Below zero or insane heat conditions, over under and across some of the worlds most
difficult terrain, for decades Pipeline Inspection Company has understood the rigors of pipeline
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A map of QGCs Charlie Project area.
82
Pipeline Inspection Company

Phone : (713) 681-5837
Email : sales@picltd.com
www.picltd.com
83
PROJECTS
pipeline commenced in July 2015 was completed in

December 2015.
AGN Chief Operating Officer Mr Andrew Staniford said the
pipeline is being built to accommodate for future additional
connections along its route as the property development
progressed, while North Harbour Project Director Mr Peter
Lightbody said the gas pipeline was a significant feature of the
state-of-the-art development.
This work is on-going, as such, the impacts on project

schedule are unknown, the spokesperson said.
Arrow moved into the front-end engineering design (FEED)
phase for the Arrow Bowen Pipeline in December 2014, awarding
the contract to engineering services firm WorleyParsons.
FEED for the Arrow Bowen Pipeline was originally scheduled
for completion in December 2015, despite the decision to
postpone its upstream Bowen Basin development plans.
The company initially confirmed the delay in November last
year, citing production challenges, resulting from deeper and
tighter coals when compared with the Surat Basin.
Technical difficulties, as well as an environment of rising costs
and falling global oil prices, have contributed to the ongoing
delay.
Government to review GasFields Commission
The Queensland Government will undertake a review of the

Queensland GasFields Commission.
The GasFields Commission is an independent statutory body
established to manage and improve sustainable coexistence
between rural landholders, regional communities and the onshore
gas industry, and is led by former NFF President John Cotter.
The commission was formally established in July 2013, at a
time of rapid development of the CSG to LNG industry. The
Government said that after operating for almost three years, it
was timely to conduct a review of the GasFields Commission.
It has appointed Bob Scott, a former Deputy Director-General in
the former Queensland Department of Lands, to lead the review.
The review findings and recommendations will be provided to
the Minister for State Development and be used to determine
whether the current model works effectively or needs changing to
manage disputes between resource companies and landholders, or
if an alternative model, such as an independent Resources
Ombudsman, is appropriate.
New pipeline part of major gas supply deal
A new 10.5 km high-pressure gas pipeline is set to be

constructed to supply the North Harbour development at
Moreton Bay, Queensland.
SA-based Australian Gas Networks (AGN) is investing an
estimated $13.2 million over the next 20 years to connect and
supply gas to the $600 million North Harbour development.
AGN will invest an initial $5 million to construct the new
pipeline.
The further $8.2 million will be invested over the next 20 years
in laying and connecting over 64 km of reticulation piping to
each individual property which will be a combination of
commercial, residential and retail. Work on the high-pressure
Trusted information for the international

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MAJOR PIPELINE SYSTEMS OF THE USA
A detailed overview of select existing major pipeline systems in the USA.
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Industry reference
materials, maps,
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BRITISH COLUMBIA
Compiled and published by Great Southern Press Pty Ltd.

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SASKATCHEWAN
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Product information and graphic design Great Southern Press, 2016.

Source map courtesy Map Resources.
ISSUE 27 | MARCH 2016
QUEBEC
NEW
BRUNSWICK
18*
37
26*
Portland
For additional copies of this poster and for advertising enquiries,

email query@pipelinesinternational.com
ISSUE 26 | DECEMBER 2015
WASHINGTON
ONTARIO
MANITOBA
28*
Seattle
Olympia
www.mapresources.com.au
40*
20*
Helena
Salem
MAINE
MONTANA
NORTH DAKOTA
IDAHO
This map is intended as a general source of information only.
MINNESOTA
Bismarck
VERMONT
35
OREGON
NOTE: This is a schematic representation and shows approximate

routes of major US pipelines. It does not show exact pipeline routes.
Route, length, and capacity information is approximate and intended
as a guide only, and is correct as at May 2015.
Pierre
Concord
Milwaukee
Cheyenne
23
Des Moines
Sacramento
www.pipelinesinternational.com
UTAH
NEVADA
San Francisco
ILLINOIS
INDIANA
31*
Denver
30
Topeka
DELAWARE
Washington D.C.
KENTUCKY
VIRGINIA
29
14
MISSOURI
ARKANSAS
NEW MEXICO
Columbia
Atlanta
BAJA
CALIFORNIA
MISSISSIPPI
Jackson
LOUISIANA
32
11
Austin
Houston
San Antonio
CHIHUAHUA
Jacksonville
Tallahassee
34
SONORA
GEORGIA
ALABAMA
9
TEXAS
CANADA
27
Montgomery
Dallas
El Paso
38
Raleigh
Charlotte
SOUTH CAROLINA
Memphis
25 Little Rock
10
33
ALASKA
TENNESSEE
OKLAHOMA
Oklahoma City
22
NORTH CAROLINA
Nashville
15
Santa Fe
1
Phoenix
MARYLAND
Richmond
WEST
VIRGINIA
Frankfort
Jefferson City
ARIZONA
San Diego
Annapolis
Charleston
19
KANSAS
12
Los Angeles
NEW JERSEY
Trenton
Philadelphia
Baltimore
OHIO
13
CALIFORNIA
Harrisburg
Columbus
Indianapolis
Springfield
RHODE ISLAND
New York
PENNSYLVANIA
16
COLORADO
San Jose
CONNECTICUT
Detroit
IOWA
Lincoln
MASSACHUSETTS
Hartford
Lansing
Chicago
36
39*
MICHIGAN
Madison
NEBRASKA
Salt Lake City
Boston
Albany
17
Carson City
NEW HAMPSHIRE
NEW YORK
21*
WISCONSIN
WYOMING
Augusta
Montpelier
Saint Paul
SOUTH DAKOTA
Boise
24
3
FLORIDA
COAHUILA
0
0
0
500 miles
500 km
Pipelines marked with *

indicate a pipeline route
that begins in Canada.
KEY
The history of the

first HDD rig designs
Cover story:
Page 10
Page 46
Page 42
Record pipelaying in the

Norwegian Sea
Investigating pipeline
airborne leak
detection
Creating an effective
crack management
programme
Page 14
Page 34
PIN_March_2016_Cover_1up.indd 1
19/02/2016 4:29 PM
PIN_December_2015_Cover_1up.indd 1
19/11/2015 5:30 PM
125 km
250 km
500 miles
500 km
NUEVO
LEN
DURANGO
TAMAULIPAS
KEY
LENGTH
(miles)
CAPACITY
LENGTH
(miles)
Kinder Morgan
Gas
6,182 MMcf/d
10,200
15
Southern Star Central Pipeline
Southern Star
Gas
2,801 MMcf/d
5,803
29
Columbia Gas Transmission
NiSource Gas Transmission & Storage
Gas
9,350 MMcf/d
10,365
Spectra Energy Partners
Gas
3,347 MMcf/d
1,129
16
Dominion Pipeline
Dominion Resources
Gas
6,655 MMcf/d
3,505
30
National Fuel Gas Supply Corporation System
National Fuel
Gas
2,312 MMcf/d
2,300
2,639
OWNER
17
Colorado Interstate Gas Pipeline
OWNER
Kinder Morgan
PRODUCT
Gas
CAPACITY
4,099 MMcf/d
4,300
NAME
31
Keystone Pipeline*
OWNER
TransCanada
PRODUCT
Crude oil
7,332 MMcf/d
9,022
Tennessee Gas Pipeline
Kinder Morgan
Gas
6,686 MMcf/d
13,900
18
Alliance Pipeline System*
Alliance Pipeline
Gas
2,053 MMcf/d
2,311
32
Seaway Pipeline
Enterprise Products Partners; Enbridge
Crude oil
Panhandle Eastern Pipeline
Panhandle Energy
Gas
2,840 MMcf/d
6,445
19
Columbia Gulf Transmission
Columbia Pipeline Group
Gas
2,386 MMcf/d
4,124
33
Gulf Coast Project
TransCanada
Crude oil
Texas Eastern Transmission
Northern Natural Gas Pipeline
Northern Natural Gas
Gas
NAME
5
6
Spectra Energy Partners
PRODUCT
LENGTH
(miles)
KEY
CAPACITY
El Paso Natural Gas Pipeline System

Algonquin Gas Transmission
Gas
7,442 MMcf/d
14,700
20
Northern Border Pipeline*
TC PipeLines; ONEOK Partners
Gas
2,400 MMcf/d
1,408
34
Longhorn Pipeline
Magellan Midstream Partners
Crude oil
ANR Pipeline
ANR Pipeline Company
Gas
7,129 MMcf/d
10,600
21
Great Lakes Gas Transmission Pipeline*
Great Lakes Gas Transmission Company
Gas
2,958 MMcf/d
2,115
35
Double H Pipeline
Hiland Partners
Crude oil
Transcontinental Gas Pipeline
Williams
Gas
8,466 MMcf/d
10,500
22
Transwestern Interstate Pipeline
Energy Transfer
Gas
2,439 MMcf/d
2,560
36
Pony Express Pipeline
Tallgrass Energy
Crude oil
Gulf South Pipeline
Gulf South Pipeline Company
Gas
6,260 MMcf/d
6,886
23
Questar Pipeline
Questar Pipeline
Gas
3,192 MMcf/d
1,858
37
Olympic Pipeline
BP
Crude oil
850,000 bbl/d
700,000 bbl/d
84,000 bbl/d
230,000 bbl/d
315,000 bbl/d
500
485
700
485
690
400
10
Natural Gas Pipeline Co of America
Kinder Morgan
Gas
4,848 MMcf/d
9,200
24
Wyoming Interstate Pipeline
Kinder Morgan
Gas
2,736 MMcf/d
800
38
Trans-Alaska Pipeline System
Alyeska Pipeline Service Company
Crude oil
11
Florida Gas Transmission Pipeline
Florida Gas Transmission Company
Gas
2,217 MMcf/d
4,889
25
Centerpoint Energy Gas Transmission
CenterPoint Energy
Gas
5,385 MMcf/d
6,374
39
US Mainline (Lakehead System)*
Enbridge
Crude oil
2,600,000 bbl/d
1,900
3,880
40
Alberta Clipper*
Enbridge
Crude oil
800,000 bbl/d
1,000
12
Page 30
250 miles
1
3
Douglas-Westwood:
pipeline industry
forecast to 2019
SINALOA
125 miles
NAME
Cover story: Read about Saudi

Aramcos plans for the future. Saudi
Aramco General Manager Pipelines
Mohammed Sultan Al-Qahtani exclusive
BAJA
CALIFORNIA
SUR
Kern River Gas Transmission Pipeline
Kern River Gas Transmission Company
Gas
1,833 MMcf/d
1,680
26
Northwest Pipeline*
Williams
Gas
4,950 MMcf/d
13
Trunkline Pipeline
Panhandle Energy
Gas
3,025 MMcf/d
4,202
27
Southern Natural Gas Company System
Kinder Morgan
Gas
3,967 MMcf/d
7,635
14
Texas Gas Transmission
Boardwalk Pipelines
Gas
4,065 MMcf/d
5,671
28
Gas Transmission Northwest*
TransCanada
Gas
2,636 MMcf/d
1,356
PIN_USA_Pipelines_Map_2016_A2.indd 1
800
The final stages: VNIE Loopings 69

The final stages of APA Groups Victorian Northern Interconnect Expansion (VNIE) project began in February
2016, when construction contractor Spiecapag Lucas mobilised its crew to the project site.
he VNIE Project involves looping sections of the existing

APA Group-owned pipelines in Victoria (Wollert to
Wodonga Pipeline) and New South Wales (Young to
Wagga Wagga Pipeline).
Spiecapag Lucas (SCL) were awarded the contract for
construction of loopings 69 on 17 December 2015, which is the
third phase of the VNIE Project with Loopings 1 (Phase 1) and
25 (Phase 2) already completed.
Scope of works
SCLs scope of work consists of the construction of 165 km of

pipeline across New South Wales and Victoria.
This is made up of 95 km of 400 mm outside diameter (OD)
pipe in Victoria and 70 km of 450 mm OD pipe in NSW. These
sections are then further broken down into seven loops, two of
which are in NSW and five in Victoria.
The works have been split into three separable portions for
practical completion purposes. This is to ensure that the sections
of work are completed prior to the winter months where heavier
rainfall would make pipeline construction extremely difficult.
Construction dates for each of these sections are as follows:
Separable Portion 1 (one loop in NSW and three loops in
Victoria) by 27 June 2016.
Separable Portion 2 (one loop in NSW and two loops in
Victoria) by 31 January 2017.
Separable Portion 3 (a portion of one of the Victorian
loops that needs to be completed early due to
environmental constraints) by 31 March 2016.
Spiecapag Lucass full service execution will provide trench
excavation, pipe welding, pipe placement and lay-in, surface
protection and remediation of the right of way.
Past experience
SCL secured the contract for loopings 69 off the back of their
partnership with APA on the 292 km Eastern Goldfields Pipeline
in Western Australia, according to AJ Lucas Managing Director
and Chief Executive Russel Eggers.
This new contract with APA Group builds on our long-term
relationship of delivering their gas pipelines, which was
highlighted recently with the completion, on time and on budget,
of the 293 km Eastern Goldfields Gas Pipeline in Western
Australia.
This contract win is a further demonstration of our
industry-leading experience, excellent safety record and strong
client focus. It also extends our already established strategic
partnership with Spiecapag Australia, which has been in place for
more than 20 years.
26/02/2016 2:25 PM
Subcontractors
Spiecapag Lucas have engaged to following major

subcontractors to assist with the works on loopings 69:
Steel Diamond welding
Oceaneering non-destructive testing
pipelinesinternational.com
84
MOOMBA SYDNEY
PIPELINE
SYDNEY
Young
CANBERRA
Culcairn
NSW-VIC INTERCONNECT
VICTORIAN
TRANSMISSION
SYSTEM
Springhurst
Euroa
3
2
Wollert
Winchelsea MELBOURNE
A third compressor unit to be added

to the Culcairn compressor station
Barnawatha
VICTORIAN NORTHERN
INTERCONNECT (VNI)
162 km looping of the VNI to be

completed in 3 stages
1
APAs Dandenong
LNG Storage
New compressor station at Winchelsea

on APAs South West Pipeline
APA Group assets
A map of APA Groups Victorian Transmission System and the works associated
with the expansion project.
Australian Truck Hire Company plant and vehicle hire

Pipeline Plant Hire (PPH) plant hire
Dunstans horizontal directional drilling
Vac Group service location.
Project challenges
Speaking to The Australian Pipeliner, Spiecapag Australia

Managing Director John Walsh said there will be a number of
challenges involved in construction of the loopings.
He identified the tight timeframe on Separable Portion 3 as the
first obstacle to overcome, and with construction progressing
smoothly with crews mobilising last month, he is confident SCL
will finish on schedule.
The land that construction will take place in will also throw up
a few hurdles, particularly with many crossings to negotiate.
These will require both horizontal directional drilling as well as
open cut trenches. There are also a number of large rocky
outcrops along the route to negotiate.
Stretching through prime agricultural land also means
negotiations with landowners will need to take place.
Expanding networks
APA Groups VNIE Project will increase firm peak winter gas
flow capacity from the Victorian Transmission System into the
Moomba Sydney Pipeline System by 145 per cent, helping to
further expand APAs east coast capacity.
This will be especially welcome given the gas shortages
expected to hit NSW in the coming years.
With SCLs loopings 69 expected to be completed in early
2017, the timing couldnt be better to ensure gas supply runs
steadily into Australias most populous state.
85
PROJECTS
PROJECTS
Stringing of the Halladale and Speculant pipeline in early February 2016.
The Halladale well site in south-western Victoria.
New development heats up in Victorias west

Construction on Origin Energys Halladale, Blackwatch and Speculant Project in western Victoria is in full swing,
following first soil being turned on 11 January 2016.
he project, which aims to have first gas by mid-2016, has

been designed to recover commercially defined raw gas
from the retention lease VIC/RL2(V) in the offshore
Halladale and Speculant gas fields.
Three extended reach wells (Halladale, Speculant-1 and
Speculant-2) have been drilled into the gas fields from an onshore
well site located near Nirranda South, located approximately
30 km south-east of Warrnambool in south-west Victoria.
Gas from the offshore fields is proposed to be transported from
the well site to the Otway Gas Plant (OGP), north of Port
Campbell, by a 33 km onshore pipeline.
Produced fluids will be transported by pipeline to the existing
OGP for processing. Mono ethylene glycol (MEG) and corrosion
inhibitor will be piped from the OGP to the HBWS well site for
injection into the produced fluid stream.
Pipeline works
The installation of a new produced fluid pipeline between the

wellsite and OGP will comprise of:
A DN200 gas pipeline
A DN50 MEG line
A 30-core fibre optic cable (FOC) installed in the pipeline
trench to provide communication between OGP and the
wellsite.
The pipeline, MEG line and FOC will be installed within a
common trench within the pipeline easement, which can be
defined into three distinct sections:
The 1.5 km West section running from the Halladale
Speculant well site to the Croft well site
The 24 km Central section running from the Croft well
site to the site of the former Heytesbury Gas Plant,
86
following an existing pipeline easement

The 7.5 km East Section running from the Heytesbury
Gas Plant to the Otway Gas Plant.
The pipeline will be routed to utilise existing Origin Energy
pipeline easements between Croft and Heytesbury (central
section). New easements have been obtained for sections linking
the HBWS Well Site to Croft and Heytesbury to the OGP.
A three-phase power cable will be installed adjacent to the
pipeline easement between Croft and the HBWS Well Site (west
section) for the supply of electrical power to the HBWS well site.
Associated works include a pipe laydown area, construction
right-of-way (ROW), additional work spaces and access tracks.
In addition to these works, there will be two 33 km long
pipelines installed.
The first 33 km pipeline will be a 200 NB, API 5LX65 line with
a wall thickness of 9.37 mm for standard trench installation and
14.03 mm for HDD and thrust bore installation.
The second 33 km pipeline will be a 50 NB spec MEG line,
with a steel grade of API 5LX52 and a wall thickness of 5.54 mm.

Safety considerations
A detailed construction safety management plan (CSMP) was

developed and submitted to authorities as part of the projects
regulatory approval.
Daily tool box meetings help ensure that the commitments
made within the CSMP are adhered to by all staff and
contractors.
Stakeholder liaison
The pipeline is being installed through productive farming land

where considerable importance was placed on securing landowner
access and compensation agreements. There are also several creek

crossings and one river crossing which will be undertaken utilising
standard trenching methods and also HDD as well as thrust bore.
The main issue identified in negotiating access and
compensation agreements with landowners centred on minimising
the impact of the pipeline installation on existing farming
operations.
Origin has a dedicated team on landowner liaison specialists on
site every day during pipeline installation works to ensure the
key terms within individual landowner access agreements are
adhered to by contractors.
More broadly, there is a dedicated project community
engagement committee established and chaired by the Moyne
Shire Council. The committee is comprised of community
representatives and has received regular briefings on the project
from Origin representatives since its inception around two years
ago.
The local district has also be kept up-to-date on project
developments via a project newsletter and supporting editorial in
local media outlets.
Local community benefits
A full analysis of the economic contribution of the overall

project has not yet been completed, however initial works at the
well site saw over 90 contracts valued at approximately $26m
awarded to Victorian firms. Several more will be engaged
through-out the pipeline installation phase of the project.
An influx of workers during both well site and pipeline works
has seen indirect flow-on benefits to local businesses.
A dedicated community investment fund has seen a number of
local groups and initiatives supported, including:
Heytesbury and District Land Care Network
Peterborough Seaside Festival
Heytesbury Agricultural Society
Port Campbell Board Riders
Port Campbell Surf Life Saving Club

Timboon Kindergarten
Nullawarre CFA
Peterborough Community Hall.
What contracting methodology was adopted for the

project?
An EPCM contract with ThyssenKrupp Industrial Solutions

Australia (TKISA) was established to manage to works of OERLs
behalf, a lump sum PC contract was awarded to McDow. Within
the Lump Sum works there is a PC Sum for Land Owner specific
requirements.
Environmental innovation
The key environmental and cultural heritage challenge of the

pipeline installation has been to minimise ground disturbance
beside water courses. The adoption of HDD techniques at key
crossings, such as the Curdies River, have assisted in overcoming
this challenge.
In addition to dealing with water courses, Origin Energy
initiated the engagement of a qualified agronomist pre-clear and
grade to establish current ground condition and to obtain
recommendations as to the most effective means to conduct
rehabilitation and ensure the best outcome for the landowner.
The agronomist was also engaged to verify that clear and grade,
trenching excavation and stockpiling is in accordance with
recommendations as well as final inspections of the rehabilitation.
Wherever possible the emphasis has been on limiting tree
removal and reducing the ROW to limit environmental impacts.
Finally, a further innovation was implemented on the project
through engaging the Game Day philosophy used on Origin
Energys Australia Pacific LNG Project and its four operating
pillars Safety, Quality, Environment/Community and Progress.
At the time of writing approximately 100 Origin employees
and contractors were working on the pipeline installation.
87
NEWS IN BRIEF
NEWS IN BRIEF
DUET secures 100 per cent stake in DBP

DUET has reached an agreement with Alcoa to acquire its 20 per cent interest in the Dampier Bunbury Pipeline (DBP) for
$205 million.
As a result of the acquisition, DUETs aggregate ownership of the DBP increases from 80 per cent to 100 per cent.
With financial close expected in April, DUET has launched a fully underwritten capital raising via a placement and security purchase
plan to fund the acquisition.
DUET CEO David Bartholomew said: The acquisition of the remaining 20 per cent interest in DBP further simplifies our group
structure.
Entities in the group [DUET] will own, in aggregate, 100 per cent of 4 out of 5 operating businesses.
DBP is a core business for DUET and our management team has deep experience with DBP following 12 years of ownership.
After completion of the acquisition, we will maintain our close relationship with Alcoa, and expect that our management of DBPs
operations, cash flows and capital structure will continue to enhance the value of the DBP.
The pipeline runs for 1,596 km, with laterals totalling 258 km, and is operated by DUET subsidiary DBP.
Cooper and AGL in Sole agreement

Cooper Energy has signed its second gas supply
agreement for the Sole gas field, and the first for
the nearby Manta field, both located offshore
Victoria.
The agreement provides the supply of up to 53
PJ from Sole over eight years, together with
options for a two-year extension and for supply of
up to 4 PJ per annum from Manta.
The development of the field also includes a
proposed 350 mm diameter, 65 km pipeline
which will run from the Sole Gas Field to the
onshore Patricia Baleen Plant.
The pipeline will have a capacity of 82 TJ/d and
a metering station at the onshore plant.
Cooper signed a Heads of Agreement (HoA)
with AGL Energy, which is subject to an
A schematic of the proposed development of the Sole Gas Field.
affirmative Final Investment
Decision (FID).
Sole is currently the subject of Front End Engineering Design (FEED) for a FID around the September quarter 2016, with
current schedules anticipating first gas from the project in the January quarter of 2019.
Cooper Energy and Santos Limited each hold a 50 per cent interest in Sole and the Orbost Gas Plant which is planned to be
used to process gas produced from Sole.
The field is located in VIC/RL3, offshore Victoria, approximately 62 km from the Orbost Gas Plant.
APA buys-out Diamantina Power Station project

APA Group has secured 100 per cent ownership of the Diamantina Power Station project after purchasing AGLs half of the project
for $151 million.
The Diamantina Power Station project (DPS) is a large-scale gas-fired power station that owns and operates two separate power
facilities with shared infrastructure the 242 MW combined-cycle gas turbine Diamantina Power Station and the adjacent 60 MW
open cycle gas turbine Leichhardt Power Station.
APA Group Managing Director Mick McCormack said We are pleased to have had the opportunity to acquire the remaining
50 per cent interest in DPS and become the sole owner of this quality asset.
The acquisition fits with APAs growth strategy to build our energy infrastructure business to leverage our asset management,
development and operational capabilities.
88
WA appoints new Petroleum Minister
Cairns to host NAIF headquarters
A cabinet reshuffle in Western Australia has seen

Sean LEstrange appointed as Minister for Mines,
Petroleum and Small Business.
Minister LEstrange is taking over the portfolio
from Bill Marmion, who in turn has taken over the
State Development Portfolio.
Minister LEstrange has been welcomed into the
new position by a number of resource associations.
Australian Petroleum Production and Exploration
Association (APPEA) COO Western Region
Stedman Ellis said the ministers appointment
comes at a critical time for the oil and gas industry.
We now have a tremendous opportunity to
convert the states onshore natural gas resources
into long-term prosperity, said Mr Stedman.
It is vital, therefore, that the new minister
focuses on policies that ensure access to resources,
encourage exploration and reduce unnecessary red
and green tape.
Prior to entering parliament Mr LEstrange
established his own successful management
consulting practice in Perth, and served his country
as an Army Lieutenant Colonel in Afghanistan.
The Queensland city of Cairns will host the headquarters of the

Federal Governments Northern Australia Infrastructure Facility
(NAIF).
Chosen for its connectivity to Asian markets, Minister for Northern
Australia Josh Frydenberg said the decision was an essential step towards
implementing the AU$5 billion facility.
We are implementing our plan to unlock the huge economic
potential of northern Australia and the NAIF is the centre of this plan,
said Mr Frydenberg.
It will help deliver the infrastructure projects needed to drive
economic and population growth in our north.
Furthermore, it was announced that project proponents and financiers
will have access to expert advice from the governments export credit
agency, the Export Finance and Insurance Corporation (EFIC), to help
ensure projects are ready for NAIFs formal launch.
Commencing in 2016-17, the NAIF will offer up to $5 billion in
concessional loans over five years to encourage and complement
investment in northern Australian infrastructure.
NAIF loans will be used to finance major economic projects, like
airports, ports, roads, rail, energy, water and communications
infrastructure. The loans will help to build the economic capacity and
longer term expansion of industry and population in northern Australia,
and deliver public benefit to all Australians.
Queensland Government to review GasFields

The Queensland Government will undertake a review of the
Queensland GasFields Commission.
The GasFields Commission is an independent statutory body
established to manage and improve sustainable coexistence between
rural landholders, regional communities and the onshore gas
industry, and is led by former NFF President John Cotter.
The commission was formally established in July 2013, at a time
of rapid development of the CSG to LNG industry.
The Government said that after operating for almost three years,
it was timely to conduct a review of the GasFields Commission.
It has appointed Bob Scott, a former Deputy Director-General in
the former Queensland Department of Lands, to lead the review.
The review findings and recommendations will be provided to
the Minister for State Development and be used to determine
whether the current model works effectively or needs changing to
manage disputes between resource companies and landholders, or
if an alternative model, such as an independent Resources
Ombudsman, is appropriate.
John Cotter (on left) looking at a pipeline map on a pipeline easement with Brett
DeHayr former Landcare national facilitator who assisted the Commission with
the stocktake.
Stay informed with all this news! Subscribe to PPO today.

To find out more and to get a one-month free trial visit
www.ppo.com.au
89
WORLD WRAP
WORLD WRAP
NDT awarded Statoil ILI pipeline contract

NDT Global has received a multi-million euro contract from Statoil to develop
an in-line inspection (ILI) tool for the 707 km sgard Transport gas pipeline.
In close collaboration with Statoil, NDT Global is developing a suitable ILI
tool for the sgard Transport gas pipeline. The company will also supply the ILI
tool to perform the corresponding survey. The sgard gas pipeline is part of the
Norwegian gas infrastructure system, owned by the joint venture named Gassled.
Gassco is the operator of Gassled, and Statoil is the technical service provider for
Gassco. Statoil has a 5 per cent ownership share in Gassled. The sgard transport
pipeline starts at the semi-submersible sgard B platform in the Norwegian Sea,
and terminates at the Krst processing plant in southwest Norway. It has been
in operation since October 2000.
First phase of Texas Roadrunner gas

pipeline complete
North America, Asia to drive growth, pipeline

CAPEX to 2019
Ageing Pipelines Conference is a hit in Belgium

The first-ever conference to discuss issues concerning ageing
high-pressure oil and gas pipelines was held in Ostend, Belgium,
on 5-9 October. Organised by the Soete Laboratory of the
University of Gent, Belgium, and Tiratsoo Technical, a division
of Great Southern Press, UK, and in association with Clarion
Technical Conferences of Houston, the event attracted
110 delegates to its programme of 30 papers and presentations.
ONEOK Partners has completed the first phase

of the Roadrunner Gas Transmission Pipeline
Project in West Texas, US. Roadrunner is a 321
km pipeline connecting ONEOK Partners existing
WesTex natural gas pipeline system near Coyanosa,
Texas, to a new international border-crossing
connection at the US and Mexico border near
San Elizario, Texas. The project is fully subscribed
under 25-year firm fee-based commitments. The
completed first phase provides 170 MMcf/d of
capacity to markets in Mexico and El Paso, Texas.
Onshore pipeline expenditure is forecast to grow by

14 per cent between 2015 and 2019, with approximately
309,000 km of pipeline expected to be installed globally,
according to the latest global pipeline market report.
Market research firm Douglas Westwood has released its
World Onshore Pipelines Market Forecast 20152019. While
the report states that the fall in oil prices continues to impact
the pipeline industry, mainly in North America, the five-year
outlook for the global pipeline industry is positive.
Bahrain pipeline conference programme

announced as Dr Mirza updates parliament
on pipeline
A conference programme featuring 75 papers from 17 countries
has been announced for the Middle Easts premier pipeline
industry event, the Pipeline Operations and Management
Middle East (POMME) Conference and Exhibition. Established
now as the Gulf regions definitive, essential congress on pipeline
technology and management, the simultaneous tracks for the
technical programme of the event include: planning, design,
construction and materials, operations and maintenance best
practices, repair and rehabilitation, asset integrity management,
inspection and cathodic protection, automation and control,
and leak detection.
Uganda, Kenya to decide on export pipeline route

Uganda and Kenya will meet in April to further discuss the feasibility of a new export
pipeline between the two countries. Kenyas President Uhuru Kenyatta and Ugandas
President Yoweri Museveni recently met to discuss route options for construction the
pipeline from Hoima on Lake Albert via a Kenyan northern route through the oil fields
of Lokichar, and a Kenyan southern route through the town of Nakuru, with a loop to
Lokichar were discussed, as well as a route from Hoima to Tanga in Tanzania. The two
leaders plan to meet in April to discuss the most cost-efficient construction option, and
to address construction issues along all route options, including existing and planned
infrastructure, terrain and elevations. The viability of export port options at Lamu,
Mombasa, and Tanga will also be discussed. Industry analysts have stated that the
construction of the export pipeline is critical to boost East African oil production; however
deliberation over the best route has been ongoing for some time. Operators Tullow Oil and
Africa Oil prefer a pipeline route from Uganda through northern Kenya to Lamu, whereas
Total East Africa prefers southern routes due to security concerns in northern Kenya.
Development required to ensure gas supplies: AEMO

Pipe storage logistics installed for TANAP
Operation begins on Shell Corrib Gas Pipeline

Shells Corrib Gas Pipeline has officially commenced operations,
following approval from Irelands Minister for Communications,
Energy and Natural Resources, subject to 20 conditions relating to
environmental management, operation, control and monitoring.
Gas was first discovered at the Corrib Gas Field in 1996; however
progress to commercialise the gas has been delayed due to local
concerns about the impact of the pipeline on its surrounding
environment. Shell has been through an extensive approvals
process and committed to a thorough biodiversity plan for the area
surrounding the project.
90
Dhatec has supplied its Pipe Stopsystem to aid in pipe

storage logistics for the Trans Anatolian Natural Gas
Pipeline Project (TANAP). The 1,841 km TANAP is
designed to transport natural gas produced in the Shah
Deniz 2 field and other fields in Azerbaijan and its
neighbours, through to Turkey and Europe. Pipe for the
project, with diameters of 48 and 56 inches, has arrived
from Shanghai, and is being temporarily stored in
Turkeys Port of Limak before the project construction
contractors collect the pipe for installation.
The Australian Energy Market Operators (AEMO) 2016 Gas

Statement of Opportunities shows gas reserve development is required
by 2019 to ensure long-term gas supply in eastern and southeastern
Australia. AEMO Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer
Matt Zema said that the 2016 Gas Statement of Opportunities shows
that developed reserves in eastern and south eastern Australia are
only sufficient to meet forecast gas demand until 2019. This means
that currently undeveloped gas reserves, including those reported as
contingent resources and possible reserves, will be required to come
online to meet forecast demand as early as 2019 when developed
reserves are forecast to start to deplete, said Mr Zema.
Interested in the global pipeline industry?

Subscribe to the free Pipelines International
e-newsletter at www.pipelinesinternational.com
91
MAGAZINE BRIEFS
12 tonnes of relining fun

In this issue | Turkey | Kazakhstan | South Africa | Canada | India | US | Australia | China
As seen in Trenchless International

From a factory in Bulgaria to the City of Zhezkazgan in the Republic of Kazakhstan, Trenchless International
looks at the ISTTs 2015 winner in the category of Project of the Year: Rehabilitation.
The award-winning project involved the rehabilitation of two parallel pipelines used for the discharge of
in the republic
cooling water from electrical generators.
The generators and pipelines were located on an energy production plant in central Kazakhstan, owned by
national power company Kazakhmys.
The plant was constructed in the 1950s, and due to degradation over time, many of the original pipes
were adversely affected by corrosion and had begun to leak through numerous pinholes.
While the site owner had replaced some sections of pipe using open trench methods, the lines that ran alongside the main building
and underneath several structures required trenchless rehabilitation.
Relining
The Award-winning rehab project from Kazakhstan

Page 16
The history of HDD

1940 - today
MTBMs in India:
From Kolkata to Mumbai
PAGE 26
PAGE 38
WINTER 2015 | ISSUE 30
TRI_Winter16_Cover.indd 1
12/02/2016 5:04 PM
JOURNAL OF
To read more or subscribe to Trenchless International, visit trenchlessinternational.com
Reliability engineering: a target-driven approach to

integrity management
ISSUE 27 | MARCH 2016
As seen in Pipelines International

In the past several years, Enbridge has gathered an extensive amount of data from in-line inspections (ILI),
investigative excavations, pipe replacements, and hydrostatic tests.
This collation of evidence, and the analytics that have followed, have resulted in a data-driven model
using principles of reliability engineering to advance pipeline safety.
This methodology allows pipeline conditions to be objectively assessed in terms of the level of remaining
uncertainty by using probability statistics which are benchmarked against historical incident data.
The effectiveness of additional measures such as hydrostatic testing can be quantified, allowing operators to determine actions within
an overall integrity-management programme decision framework in order to meet required thresholds of safety.
Cover story: Read about Saudi
Aramcos plans for the future. Saudi
Aramco General Manager Pipelines
Mohammed Sultan Al-Qahtani exclusive
Douglas-Westwood:
pipeline industry
forecast to 2019
The history of the

first HDD rig designs
Page 10
Page 46
Page 30
PIN_March_2016_Cover_1up.indd 1
19/02/2016 4:29 PM
If you are a pipeline engineer, The Journal of

Pipeline Engineering is a vital tool that will
keep you up-to-date on the latest technical
research around the world.
To read more or subscribe to Pipelines International, visit pipelinesinternational.com
Heading north
Published four times a year, it stands alone

as the premier technical publication for the
pipeline industry.
ISSUE 46 | March 2016

MARCH 2016
As seen in Trenchless Australasia

Yarra Valley Waters Amaroo Main Sewer Project managed by leading contractor John Holland, with Iplex
Pipelines working as the pipe supplier is the largest GRP jacking pipe installation ever undertaken in Australia.
According to estimates from the Victorian State Governments Metropolitan Planning Authority,
Melbournes North Growth Corridor the area between Craigieburn and Wallan is expected to have an
additional 300,000 inhabitants by 2050.
With no major sewage transfer infrastructure servicing the area, Yarra Valley Water responded to the
anticipated growth by commissioning the Amaroo Main Sewer Project.
This project includes the installation of 8.5 km of sewerage infrastructure to collect and transfer the vast
majority of sewage in the Northern Growth Corridor.
As a peer-reviewed journal it provides

quality information to keep you at the
forefront of industry developments.
Subscription is just $US350 per year and also
includes access to the electronic archive.
Wind it up
Interflow and Sekisui Rib Loc Australia announce 20-year strategic alliance Page 34
24
Large-scale die reduction

relining in South Australia
TRN_March_2016_Cover.indd 1
38
Amaroo Main Sewer

project update
The offcial publication of the Australasian

Society for Trenchless Technology.
Visit the website to subscribe today.
44
Drilling fluids:
challenges and tips
21/03/2016 10:35 AM
To read more or subscribe to Trenchless Australasia, visit trenchless-australasia.com
92
PIPELINE
ENGINEERING
GSP FP 2
JPE
www.j-pipe-eng.com
#throwback
From the archives
C.
The Australian Pipeliner January 1994 cover shows the East Java gas
pipeline onshore section.
D. Peter Tuft and Richard McDonough at the APGA Adelaide Dinner in March.
A. Sun protection on the Longford to Dandenong pipeline was as important
in 1968 as it is in 2016.
B.
Aerial view of the onshore Roller Skate pipeline construction site in

Western Australia in 1994.
E.
The Pipeliner team are shown around the VNIE construction site near Wallan, central Victoria.
F.
Members of the South Australian YPF making sure Adelaides breweries are up to scratch.
G. From left: Stephen Ohl, Dean Bennett and Stuart and Elaine McLennon pleased with their round at the APGA WA Golf Day in February.
Want to advertise in this regular

94
95
QUIZZES AND PUZZLES
QUIZZES AND PUZZLES
The Australian Pipeliner Quiz
Can you guess the pipeline?
Successfully complete The Australian Pipeliner Quiz for your chance to win
a free 2016 Major Pipelines Map of Australia valued at $300 RRP.
Send your complete quiz to
The Australian Pipeliner
1
GPO Box 4967
3
Melbourne VIC 3001
Can you name this pipeline?

If you can, send your answer to
The Australian Pipeliner Assosciate
Editor Stuart Scudamore at
sscudamore@gs-press.com.au
for your chance to win a free
Pipeline Industry Legends of
Australia book, valued at $99 RRP.
A hint for the less eagle-eyed pipeliners out
there: It is a water pipeline, and is located in
Queensland.
4
MAJOR PIPELINES
MAP 2016
Gas Pipeline
Oil Pipeline
Slurry Pipeline
Mount Todd
Under Construction
Compressor
Pump Station
B1
Mataranka
BROWSE BASIN
BEETALOO BASIN
Reindeer
Daly Waters
Devil
200 m elevation
McArthur
River Mine
B2
North Gorgon
DAMPIER
500 m elevation
1,000 m elevation
Karumba
James Price Point
Creek
B1
Browse
LPG Pipeline
B6
Wadeye
North
Rankin
Wheatstone Rankin
Xena
Brulimar
Ethane Pipeline
DARWIN
Blacktip
BONAPARTE BASIN
B7
Io
LEGEND
B5
From Bayu-Undan
B8
Ichthys
Gas Field
Angel
Jansz
Central Gorgon
1,500 m elevation
Q11
Century Mine
North Rankin
W11
Goodwyn
Macedon
Townsville
Angel
W13
Tubridgi
EXMOUTH
Pluto
Reindeer
Campbell
W12
W9
W19 Solomon
Exmouth
Paraburdoo
Cape Preston
W1
W4
Woodstock
NORTHERN TERRITORY
Telfer
Wodgina
B1
W8
Nifty Copper Mine
West
Angelas
Mackay
Cannington
GEORGINA BASIN
QUEENSLAND
B3
CANNING BASIN
Alice Springs
Mereenie
Newman
Palm Valley
W20
Q9
Blackall
W4
Q12
Mount Magnet
Q22
COOPER-EROMANGA BASIN
200
300
400
Moomba - Adelaide Pipeline System, QIC Global Infrastructure, Gas, 1,184 km W3. Midwest Pipeline, APA Group/Horizon Power, Gas, 351.5 km
W4. Goldfields Gas Pipeline, APA Group, Gas, 1,590 km
Angaston - Mildura Pipeline, Envestra, Gas, 379 km
W5. Kambalda - Esperance Gas Pipeline, Esperance Pipeline Company Pty Ltd,
SESA Pipeline, APA Group, Gas, 45 km
Gas, 342 km
SEA Gas Pipeline, APA Group (50%)/SEA Gas (50%), Gas, 687 km
W6. Pilbara Pipeline System, APA Group, Gas, 219 km
Whyalla Slurry Pipeline, OneSteel, Slurry, 62 km
W7. Telfer Pipeline, Energy Infrastructure Investments, Gas, 442 km
South East Pipeline System, QIC Global Infrastructure, Gas, 71 km
W8. Nifty Pipeline, Energy Infrastructure Investments, Gas, 45 km
Tasmania Gas Pipeline, Tasmania Gas Pipeline Pty Ltd, Gas, 736 km
Tasmanian Savage River Magnetite Slurry Line, Grange Resources Limited, W9. North West Shelf Trunkline 1, North West Shelf Joint Venture, Gas and
Condensate, 134 km
Slurry, 83 km
W10. North West Shelf Trunkline 2, North West Shelf Joint Venture, Gas and
V1. Victorian Gas Transmission Pipeline System, APA Group, Gas, 1,992 km
Condensate, 135 km
V2. Carisbrook - Horsham Pipeline, Gas Pipelines Victoria, Gas, 181 km
W11. Angel Export Pipeline (to North Rankin A), North West Shelf Joint
V3. Lara - Iona Pipeline, APA Group, Gas, 144 km
Venture, Gas and Condensate, 49 km
V4. WAG Pipeline,Viva Energy Australia, Liquids, 136 km
W12. Wanea/Cossack export line, CWLH Joint Venture, Oil, 33 km
V5. Long Island - Altona Ethane Pipeline, Esso/BHP Billiton, Ethane, 78 km
W13. Pluto Trunkline , Woodside Petroleum, Gas and Condensate, 180 km
V6. Longford - Dandenong Pipeline, APA Group, Gas, 174 km
W14. Wodgina Lateral, Talison Wodgina Ptd Ltd, Gas, 80 km
V7. Longford - Long Island LPG Pipeline, Esso/BHP Billiton, LPG, 188.3 km
W15. Neerabup Pipeline, NewGen Neerabup partnership (ERM Power and
V8. Longford - Long Island Pipeline, Esso/BHP Billiton, Oil, 185 km
Energy Infrastructure Trust), Gas, 30 km
V9. BassGas Pipeline, Origin Energy, Gas, 215 km
W16. Reindeer Raw Gas Pipeline, Apache Energy, Gas, 102 km
V10. Casino Gas Pipeline, Santos, Gas, 46 km
W17. Griffin/Tubridgi Pipeline, BHP Petroleum, Gas, 88 km (no longer in service)
V11. Otway Gas Pipeline, Origin Energy, Gas, 83 km
W18. Jaguar Lateral, Jabiru, Gas, 33 km
V12. Mortlake Pipeline, Origin Energy, Gas, 83 km
W19. Fortescue River Gas Pipeline, Fortescue Metals Group, Gas, 270 km
V13. South Gippsland Natural Gas Pipeline, Multinet Gas, Gas, 65.5 km
W20. West Angelas Pipeline, Rio Tinto, Gas, 85 km
V14. Brooklyn to Corio Pipeline, APA Group, Gas, 50.7 km
W21. Cape Preston Slurry Pipeline, CITIC Pacific, Slurry, 30 km
W1. Dampier - Bunbury Natural Gas Pipeline, DBP, Gas, 1,828 km
W22. Eastern Goldfields Gas Pipeline, APA Group, Gas, 292 km
W2. Parmelia Gas Pipeline, APA Group, Gas, 416 km
S3.
S4.
S5.
S6.
S7.
S8.
T1.
T2.
N4
Mildura
Murray
Bridge
S6
Culcairn
Koonoomoo
VICTORIA
Wollert
Hamilton Mortlake
Altona
S8
S6
Mt. Gambier
Portland
Casino
V10
A.C.T.
CANBERRA
N1
V16
N1
GIPPSLAND BASIN
Orbost
V8
V13
Sole
Patricia Baleen
Longford
Bass Strait Fields
V6
HORSHAM
V9
V4
SYDNEY BASIN
V7
Long
Island
V5
V14
V11 Geographe
Minerva
Thylacine
OTWAY BASIN
Wollongong
Tumut
Wodonga
MELBOURNE
V12
Geelong
V3
V1
Newcastle
SYDNEY
N5
N3
N2
Echuca
V2
Carisbrook
Ararat
Stawell
N7
Lithgow
Illabo
Wagga Wagga
S5
Orange
Forbes
Marsden
Griffith
Berri
S4
Penola
Snuggery
(Reference No., Name, Owner, Product, Approx. length)
Tamworth
N8
Dubbo
Wellington
N6
Parkes
Angaston
500
Horsham
KEY
BRISBANE
Q8
GUNNEDAH BASIN
Narromine
S3
100
kilometres
Q6. Roma - Brisbane Pipeline, APA Group, Gas, 849 km

Q7. Jackson - Moonie Pipeline, Santos, Oil, 797 km
Q8. Moonie - Brisbane Pipeline, Santos, Oil, 307 km (no longer in service)
Q9. Carpentaria Pipeline, APA Group, Gas, 840 km
Q10. Cannington Lateral, APA Group, Gas, 97.4 km
Q11. Century - Karumba Slurry Pipeline, MMG Century,
Zinc and lead slurry, 304 km
Q12. Fairview - Wallumbilla Pipeline, Santos, Gas, 130 km
Q13. Braemar 1 Pipeline, Alinta Energy Group, Gas, 115 km
Q14. Braemar 2 Pipeline, Braemar 2 Power Partnership
(ERM Power and Arrow Energy), Gas, 105 km
Q15. Spring Gully - Wallumbilla Gas Pipeline, Origin Energy, Gas, 87 km
Q16. QSN Link, APA Group, Gas, 182 km
Q17. Jackson - Moomba Pipeline, Santos, Oil, 273 km
Q18. Berwyndale to Wallumbilla Pipeline, APA Group, Gas, 112 km
Q19. Wallumbilla - Darling Downs Pipeline, Origin Energy, Gas, 205 km
Q20. Silver Springs to Wallumbilla Pipeline, Mosaic Oil, Gas, 120 km
Q21. Peat Lateral, APA Group, Gas, 121 km
Q22. Tarbat - Jackson Pipeline, Santos, Oil, 130 km
Q23. Australia Pacific LNG (APLNG) Pipeline, Origin Energy, Gas, 415 km
Q24. Wallumbilla to Gladstone Pipeline (WGP) (formerly QCLNG Pipeline),
APA Group, Gas, 340 km
Q25. GLNG Pipeline, Santos, Gas, 435 km
S1.
Ballera - Moomba Pipeline, Santos, Raw Gas/Liquids, 180 km
S2.
Moomba - Port Bonython Pipeline, Santos, Oil/Condensate, 659 km
Toowoomba
Q14
Moonie
Darling Downs
Q13
Q6
Berywndale
South
SURAT BASIN
N4
NEW SOUTH WALES

Port
Pirie
ADELAIDE
0
Pipeline information and graphic design Great Southern Press 2016
Maryborough
Q19
Q18
Q7
N5
Esperance
Bunbury
The coloured basins on this map are gas-producing basins of Australia. Note they are approximate
in size and the varying colours are not representative of estimated reserves or developed infrastructure.
Amadeus Basin - Darwin Pipeline, APA Group, Gas, 1,671 km

Daly Waters - McArthur River Gas Pipeline, Power and Water
Corporation, Gas, 332 km
Mereenie - Alice Springs Oil Pipeline, Santos, Oil, 270 km (no longer in service)
Palm Valley - Alice Springs Pipeline, Envestra, Gas, 147 km
Bayu-Undan - Darwin Gas Pipeline, ConocoPhillips, Gas, 502 km
Blacktip Gas Export Pipeline, Eni Australia B.V., Gas and Condensate, 110 km
Bonaparte Gas Pipeline, Energy Infrastructure Investments, Gas, 286 km
Ichthys Gas Export Pipeline, INPEX, Gas, 889 km
Dingo Gas Field Pipeline, Central Petroleum, Gas, 50 km
Eastern Gas Pipeline, Jemena, Gas, 797 km
Interconnect Pipeline Culcairn - Wodonga, APA Group, Gas, 57 km
Interconnect Pipeline Wagga Wagga - Culcairn, APA Group, Gas, 87 km
Moomba - Sydney Pipeline System, APA Group, Gas, 2,084 km
Moomba - Sydney Ethane Pipeline, Ethane Pipeline Income Fund,
Ethane, 1,375 km
Central West Pipeline, APA Group, Gas, 255 km
Sydney - Newcastle Liquids Pipeline, Caltex, Liquids, 211 km
Central Ranges Gas Pipeline, APA Group, Gas, 295 km
North Queensland Gas Pipeline, North Queensland Pipeline No 1 Pty Ltd
(50%)/North Queensland Gas Pipeline No 2 Pty Ltd (50%), Gas, 392 km
Queensland Gas Pipeline, Jemena, Gas, 627 km
Wide Bay Pipeline, Envestra, Gas, 274 km
Cheepie Barcaldine Gas Pipeline, Ergon Energy, Gas, 404 km
South West Queensland Pipeline, APA Group, Gas, 937 km
Miles
Q20
COOPER BASIN
N5
S3
Port Bonython
Whyalla
S7
Steel
Whyalla
Works
W5
W1
Roma
Wallumbilla
Cheepie
Jackson
Q17
N4
S2
Kalgoorlie
Kambalda
W15
PERTH
W2
Pinjarra
Q23
Q21
W22
W4
Cawse
W2
Neerabup
Bundaberg
Q24
Fairview
Durham
Q15
Q5
Q5
Q16 Ballera
S1
Moomba
SOUTH AUSTRALIA
Leinster
Jaguar
Murrin Murrin
W18
Leonora
Tarbat
Windimurra
W3
Dongara
N6.
N7.
N8.
Q1.
Q3
Injune
Glentullock
Mount Keith
W1
Geraldton
PERTH BASIN
NOTE: This map is a schematic representation only and shows approximate location of
major completed and under construction pipelines. It does not show exact pipeline routes.
Rockhampton
Gladstone
Q2
Q25
Q4
Gilmore Field
Jundee
Source Data/Map courtesy Geoscience Australia, Canberra.

Crown Copyright . All rights reserved. www.ga.gov.au
Q2.
Q3.
Q4.
Q5.
BOWEN BASIN
Rolleston
B9
Q2
COMPILED AND PUBLISHED BY GREAT SOUTHERN PRESS PTY LTD

t: +61 3 9248 5100 f: +61 3 9602 2708 e: query@pipeliner.com.au www.pipeliner.com.au
B1.
B2.
Moranbah
Barcaldine
ADAVALE BASIN
B4
AMADEUS BASIN
WESTERN AUSTRALIA
Plutonic
Carnarvon
B3.
B4.
B5.
B6.
B7.
B8.
B9.
N1.
N2.
N3.
N4.
N5.
Q1
Q10
W14
W21
W17
Mt Isa
W7
Port Hedland
W10
Dampier W6
Devil
W16 Creek
East Spar
Griffin
Tubridgi
CARNARVON BASIN
T1
Yolla
WOLLERT
BASS BASIN
Port Latta
T1
Bell Bay
TASMANIA
Sole
Henry
LONGFORD
Kipper
Tuna
GEELONG
T2
This new guess the pipeline feature will appear in every edition
of The Australian Pipeliner, so keep your eyes peeled for answers,
prize-winners and other pick-the-pipeline pictures in future!
T1
Minerva
HOBART
Turrum
Manta
Casino
Barracouta
Geographe
Thylacine
Gummy
Basker
Yolla
Bass Strait Fields
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
21
20
22
23
24
25
27
26
28
Across
1. From which country did Murphy Pipe and Civil originate?

3. In what Australian city was Malcolm Turnbull born?
7. Which company is the proponent of the NGP?
8. What does the P stand for in OPEC?
9. Donald Trump is standing as a candidate for which party in
the US election?
10. What is the surname of NSWs Premier?
13. Transfield Services is now known as what?
16. What does the L stand for in ILI?
20. In what state did Essos Longford explosion occur in 1998?
22. How many wives has Donald Trump had?
23. From which country did Red Wings boots originate?
24. What does the N stand for in NATA?
26. To whom was Queen Victoria married?
27. What was Oxford Universitys word of the year in 2015?
28. What was the surname of Muriel in the film Muriels Wedding?
96
Down
2. What is the surname of the current APGA President?

3. Which company constructed the GLNG pipeline in 2011?
4. In which state did Joh Bjelke-Petersen serve as Premier?
5. What does B stand for in DBP?
6. The Woleebee water pipeline runs to where?
10. What is the surname of Australias first prime minister?
11. What does the N stand for in NGP?
12. With which company is AJ Lucas in an Australian JV?
14. In what country is the 2016 Olympics to be held?
15. How many companies are lead members of the APGA?
17. In what city is this years APGA Convention to be held?
18. What is the surname of the APGAs current Vice President?
19. What was the former name of Cold Chisel?
21. Who is the upstream operator of the APLNG project?
25. Which company acquired Minson Constructors in 1999?
Want to advertise in this new regular

97
APGA MEMBERSHIP
APGA MEMBERSHIP
Australian Pipelines and Gas

Association Membership
APGA would
particularly like
to acknowledge
the generous
support of its
Owner Members

APA Group
Australian Gas
Networks Ltd
DBP
Epic Energy SA Pty
Ltd
Jemena
South East Australia
Gas Pty Ltd
Honorary Life
Members
Ken Barker
D C Core*
David Curry
Keith Fitzgerald
Leigh Fletcher
Robert Gration
Andrew Lukas
Max Kimber
Tony Marletta
Stuart McDonald
Jim McDonald
Allan Newham
Stephen Ohl
Phillip Venton
*Deceased
98
CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTORS
BTB (Australia) Pty Ltd
Clough
Coe Drilling Pty Ltd
Comdain Infrastructure
Consolidated Contracting Company
Australia Pty Ltd
CPB Contractors Pty Ltd
Decmil Australia Pty Ltd
Dunstans Construction Group Pty Ltd
East Coast Pipeline Pty Ltd
Enerflex Process Pty Ltd
Enscope Pty Ltd
GD Engineering, Construction & Services
GEM Industrial Services
Howell Davies Welding Pty Ltd
Lend Lease Services Pty Ltd
Lucas Engineering & Construction
Pty Ltd
McConnell Dowell Constructors
(Aust) Pty Ltd
Mears Group Inc
Michels Corporation
Miller Pipe & Civil
Mitchell Water Australia Pty Ltd
Monadelphous KT
Moody Civil & Pipe Pty Ltd
Nacap Australia Pty Ltd
National Australian Pipelines
Ottoway Engineering Pty Ltd
Petroserv International
PIHA Pty Ltd
Pipe & Valve Eng. Pty Ltd
Pipeline Plant Hire Pty Ltd
Pipemech Pty Ltd
ProSpec Projects Pty Ltd
Reay Services Group
Speciality Services Qld
Spiecapag Australia Pty Ltd
Streicher Australia Pty Ltd
The Newham Group
Toowoomba Trenching & Earthmoving
Trushape Engineering Pty Ltd
UEA Pty Ltd
Underground Services Australia Pty Ltd
Valmec Pty Ltd
ENGINEERING/PROJECT MANAGERS
A J Stack Solutions Pty Ltd
AFS Projects Pty Ltd
Amec Foster Wheeler Australia Pty Ltd
Atteris Pty Ltd
Capital Project Services Pty Ltd
Engineering Consultants New Zealand Ltd
Freyssinet Australia
Fyfe
GHD Pty Ltd
GPA Engineering Pty Ltd
Hatch Pty Ltd
Imatech Energy Technologies
John Beever Australia Pty Ltd
Kellogg Brown & Root Pty Ltd
Momentum Engineering
OSD
Powerflo Solutions Australia
SPIE Plexal
Sunlion Piping Engineering Co., Ltd
WorleyParsons
MANUFACTURERS/DISTRIBUTORS
OF EQUIPMENT OR MATERIALS
Aarbro Steel Trading Pty Ltd
Accutherm International Pty Ltd

Adtech FRP Pty Ltd
American Augers & Trencor
Anode Engineering Pty Ltd
Anti Corrosion Technology Pty Ltd
Australian Pipeline Valve
Australian Portable Camps
Bao Australia Pty Ltd
BOC Ltd
Bredero Shaw Australia Pty Ltd
C.G. Industrial Specialties (Australia) Pty Ltd
Cameron Australasia Pty Ltd
Canusa CPS
Carboline Coatings
CBMM Technology Suisse S.A
CRC-Evans B.V.
Crest Coatings (Australia) Pty Ltd
DEHN & SHNE GmbH & Co.KG
Denso (Australia) Pty Ltd
Diamond Key International Pty Ltd
Dulux Group
Edgen Murray Australia Pty Ltd
EEW Asia Pacific Steel
Fast Fusion, LLC
FEGAS
FPK
Garlock Pty Ltd
Gasco Pty Ltd
Georg Fischer Piping Systems
Global Pipe (Australia) Pty Ltd
Global Supply Line Pty Ltd
G-Tech
Hard Metal Industries
Heath Pipeline Services Pty Ltd
Herrenknecht AG
High Country Fusion Pty Ltd
Inductabend Pty Ltd
IntelliGas Group
International Pipeline Services Pty Ltd
iPipe Services
Iplex Pipelines Australia Pty Ltd
J Steel Australasia
JFE Steel Corporation
Jindal Saw Ltd
JM Eagle Australia Pty Ltd
KETO Pump Technology Services
Laurini Officine Meccaniche Srl
Lincoln Electric Company (Australia) Pty
Ltd
MAATS Pipeline Equipment
Marubeni-Itochu Tubulars Oceania Pty Ltd
McElroy Australia
Mining Camps Australia Pty Ltd
MRC Global
NOV Fiber Glass Systems
Novafast International Pty Ltd
Orrcon Steel
Ozzies Pipeline Padder Inc
PetrolValves Australia Pty Ltd
Pinard Enterprises Pty Ltd
Pipeline Accessory Equipment Pty Ltd
Pipeline Actuation and Control
PipeLine Machinery International LP
PM Piping Australia Pty Ltd
Position Partners
Pressure Systems Pty Ltd
Richmond
RMG Atlas Pty Ltd
RMT Valvomeccanica s.r.l.
Russell Fraser Sales
Schmolz-Bickenbach Australia Pty Ltd
Schoenbeck GmbH & Co. KG
Scott & Ensoll Pty Ltd
Australian Pipelines and Gas

Association Membership
Securatrak
ShawCor Australia Pty Ltd
Shawcor Composite Production Systems
Sick Pty Ltd
Sideline Specialty Equipment, LLC
Solar Turbines Australia
Sumitomo Australia Pty Ltd
Tapex Pty Ltd
Thermal Electric Elements
Tremco Pipeline Equipment Pty Ltd
United Pumps Australia
Vacuworx Australia
Valve Distributors Pty Ltd
Valve Technology Australia Pty Ltd
Vermeer Equipment Holdings Pty Ltd
Vinidex Pty Ltd
Welding Industries of Australia
Welspun Corp Ltd
Worldpoly Pty Ltd
Worldwide Machinery Pipeline Division
PIPELINE OWNERS/OPERATORS
APA Group
Arrow Energy Pty Ltd
AusNet Services
Australian Gas Networks Ltd
Brookfield Infrastructure Group
Caltex Australia Petroleum Pty Ltd
DBP
Energy Infrastructure Management Pty Ltd
Epic Energy SA Pty Ltd
Esperance Pipeline Company
Esso Australia Pty Ltd
Gas Pipelines Victoria Pty Ltd
GORODOK Pty Ltd
Halfwave AS
Jemena
Melbourne Water Corporation
Multinet Gas
Origin Energy Ltd
Papuan Oil Search Ltd
Power and Water Corporation
Qenos Pty Ltd
QGC
Quadrant Energy Pty Ltd
Queensland Pipeline Ltd
Refining NZ
Santos
South East Australia Gas Pty Ltd
Tas Gas Networks
Vector Gas Ltd
Viva Energy Australia Ltd
WestSide Corporation
Wiri Oil Services Ltd
Woodside Energy Ltd
GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS/
REGULATORS
Department of Lands
Department of State Development
Energy Safe Victoria
ADVISERS/ CONSULTANTS
ACIL Allen Consulting
AECOM Services Pty Ltd
Aurecon Australasia Pty Ltd
Australasian Safety Environment Training &
Consultants
Carter Newell Lawyers
Chris Harvey Consulting
Clayton Utz
Core Group Ltd
DNV GL Oil & Gas
EnergyQuest Pty Ltd

Grant Bowley Consulting Pty Ltd
KD.1 Pty Ltd
Land Access & Management Services
Pty Ltd
Maloney Field Services
MBS Environmental
Monarc Environmental
Pap Solutions
Pipeline Engineering Consultants
Plant & Platform Consultants Ltd
Project Consultancy Services Pty Ltd
Rhead Group Pty Ltd
RLMS
Stockton Drilling Services
TMS Consulting
Twycross and Partners Pty Ltd
WKC Spatial
SERVICE PROVIDERS
360 Logistics Pty Ltd
Applus RTD Pty Ltd
APTS Pty Ltd
ASME Projects
Australian Hydrotesting Pty Ltd
Australian Truck Hire Company Pty Ltd
AXS Hydro Pty Ltd
Baker Hughes Australia Pty Ltd

BHD Transport and Logistics Pty Ltd
Brooks Hire Services Pty Ltd
CADS Survey
Contract Resources Ltd
Corrosion Control Engineering Pty Ltd
Definium Pty Ltd
Depth Logistics Pty Ltd
Downer Utilities Australia Pty Ltd
EnerMech Pty Ltd
Engineering Education Australia
Engineering Training Australia
EPCM Consultants Pty Ltd
ERIAS Group Pty Ltd
Fugro Spatial Solutions Pty Ltd
Gameco Pty Ltd
Great Southern Press
ISCO Australia Pty Ltd
ITI International
Kevesther Pty Ltd
LandPartners Ltd
LogiCamms
Mears Integrity Solutions
Mipela GeoSolutions
Monkey Media Enterprises
Neil Mansell Transport Pty Ltd
Nixon Communications Pty Ltd
OAQ 4X4 Hire

Oceaneering Australia
Peter Norman Personnel Pty Ltd
PII Pipeline Solutions
PIPEd Pty Ltd
Pipeline Specialty Supply Services Pty Ltd
Qube Energy Pty Ltd
Quest Integrity Group
Renfrey Plant Hire Services
ROSEN Asia Pacific
Savcor Products Australia Pty Ltd
STATS Group
T D Williamson Australia Pty Ltd
Team Furmanite
Thrifty Car Rental
UPT Pty Ltd
UT Quality Australia
Wasco Energy Group
Zinfra Pty Ltd
ENERGY DISTRIBUTOR
ATCO Gas Australia
OTHER INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION
Pipeline Research Council International, Inc
APGA would also like to acknowledge the strong support of its LeadMembers


Consolidated Contracting Company Australia Pty Ltd
Energy Infrastructure Management Pty Ltd
Esso Australia Pty Ltd
Fyfe
Herrenknecht AG
Lucas Engineering & Construction Pty Ltd
McConnell Dowell Constructors (Aust) Pty Ltd
Monadelphous KT
Nacap Australia Pty Ltd
OSD
QGC
ShawCor Australia Pty Ltd
Solar Turbines Australia
Spiecapag Australia Pty Ltd
Individual Members
Peter Bagley
John Barker
Paul Beukelman
John Blain
Garth Borgelt
David Bradley
Geoff Brown
Ken Cameron
Chris Carter
Mark Coates
Andrew Cook
Mark Cooper
Geoff Cope
Colin Cropley
Michael Dunn
Patrick Durack
Stephen Dykes
Lawrence Earle
John Fleming
Kenneth Flowers
Geoff Gardiner
Tony Green
Ian Grimmer
Lynndon Harnell
Graeme Hogarth
Kasper Jakobsen
Barbara Jinks
Jeff Jones
Steven Liddell
John Lott
Cameron MacDiarmid
Campbell MacKintosh
Marie Malaxos
Paul Maloney
Jason Mansfield
Wendy Mathieson
Bruce McDonough
Peter McLennan
Dan Morgan
Mick Murphy
Giulio Pinzone
John Piper
Steve Polglase
Ray Reeves
Bob Teale
Allan Terrill
Peter Thomas
Jenny Thompson
Graeme Thornton
Jasper Tieland
Peter Tuft
Howard Wright
Ken Wyllie
99
APGA MEMBERSHIP
FULL MEMBERSHIP
(1)
APGA MEMBERSHIP
INDIVIDUAL MEMBERSHIP/EMPLOYEE MEMBERSHIP
Category Applied for (please tick)
OWNER MEMBER(2)(3)
LEAD MEMBER(4)
APPLICANTS NAME:
CORPORATE MEMBER
ORGANISATION: POSITION:
INDIVIDUAL MEMBERSHIP(1)
SUBURB: STATE: POSTCODE:
POSTAL ADDRESS:
STREET ADDRESS:
SUBURB: STATE:
POSTCODE:
STREET ADDRESS:
PHONE: FAX:
MOBILE: EMAIL:
PHONE: FAX:
WEBSITE:
INDIVIDUAL MEMBERSHIP APPLICATION: I hereby apply for Individual Membership of the Australian Pipelines and Gas Association and agree
to abide by the Companys Constitution and any By-laws set from time to time. Payment for the appropriate portion of the first years subscription
is attached. NOTE (1): Open to any individual consultant with an interest in the pipeline or gas industries. This membership category is designed to
accommodate the one-man consultants working within the pipeline and gas industries and will not be open to consulting organisations consisting
of more than one person. Employees of a company will not be accepted as an Individual Member of the Australian Pipelines and Gas Association
unless the company employing that person is a Full Member of APGA.
APPOINTED REPRESENTATIVE (5)

NAME:
POSITION:
E
MPLOYEE MEMBERSHIP APPLICATION: (Open to employees of full members of APGA) I hereby apply for Employee Membership of the
Australian Pipelines and Gas Association and agree to abide by the Associations Constitution and any By-laws set from time to time. Payment for
the appropriate portion of the first years subscription is attached.
PHONE: FAX:
MOBILE: EMAIL:
SIGNED: DATE:
ORGANISATION CHIEF EXECUTIVE (if different from above):

NAME: TITLE:
SUBSCRIPTION RATES (2015/2016 Membership year 1 July 2015 to 30 June 2016)
AUSTRALIA
APGA POINT OF CONTACT for distribution of APGA information within your organisation (if different from Appointed Representative)
NAME: POSITION:
Membership year 1
July 2015 to
30 June 2016
POSTAL ADDRESS:
SUBURB: STATE:
POSTCODE:
OWNER
Applicable to owners only - fee upon
application
LEAD
$9,860
(incl. GST)
PHONE: FAX:
MOBILE: EMAIL:
6-25
26-50
>51
INDIVIDUAL
$560
(incl. GST)
$2,080
$2770
$3,490
$4,350
EMPLOYEE
$210
(incl. GST)
INTERNATIONAL
Membership year 1
July 2015 to 30 June
2016
(must tick ONE ONLY. If more than one applies, please tick the one most applicable to your business):

Adviser/Consultant
Construction Contractor
Energy Distributor
Engineering/Project Manager
Pipeline Owner/Operator
Service Provider
Government Department/Regulator
AUD
AUD
AUD
AUD
ALL PRICES QUOTED FOR AUSTRALIAN MEMBERS INCLUDE 10% GST.
ORGANISATIONS INTEREST IN THE PIPELINE INDUSTRY
CORPORATE
1-5
Employees
6-25
Employees
26-50 Employees
>50
Employees
(incl. GST)
New members joining after 1 October 2014 please contact APGA to discuss the appropriate pro-rata subscription rate. (All applications received after 15 May 2015 will be issued with an invoice for the 2015/16
membership year.)
1-5
NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES IN ORGANISATION:
POSTAL ADDRESS:
ORGANISATION NAME: ABN:
EMPLOYEE MEMBERSHIP
Manufacturer/Distributor of Equipment or Materials
OWNER
Applicable to owners only - fee upon
application
LEAD
AUD $8,980
CORPORATE
1-5
Employees
Employees
6-25
26-50 Employes
Employees
>51
(incl. GST)
AUD
AUD
AUD
AUD
INDIVIDUAL
AUD $520
$1,910
$2,540
$3,180
$3,960
EMPLOYEE
AUD $190
New members joining after 1 October 2015 please contact APGA to discuss the appropriate pro-rata subscription rate. (All applications received after 15 May 2016 will be issued with an invoice for the 2016/17
membership year.)
Other Industry Association (Please Specify)
ALL PRICES ARE IN AUSTRALIAN DOLLARS. A TAX INVOICE WILL BE ISSUED.
SECTOR
PAYMENT
Please indicate which of the following industry sectors you are primarily working in (please tick ONLY ONE box)

Gas
Water
Oil
Slurry
We hereby apply for Full Membership of the Australian Pipelines and Gas Association in the Category and Interest Group indicated above and agree to abide by the Associations
Constitution and any By-laws set from time to time. We attach our payment for the appropriate portion of the first years subscription.
SIGNED: DATE:
EFT Bank Westpac Banking Corporation, Swift/ABA/Routing# WPACAU2S. IBAN No. 032729162756.
BSB: 032-729. Account No: 16-2756.
I enclose my cheque made payable to The Australian Pipelines and Gas Association, or APGA.
Please debit my credit card (please tick)
Amex
Visa
MasterCard
Diners
NOTE
(1)
Upon payment of the relevant fees, an organisation may hold more than one category of full membership.
(2)
The appointed representative of an Owner Member should be the Chief Executive.
CARD NUMBER: EXPIRY DATE: TOTAL AMOUNT AUD$
(3)
All Owner Members are entitled to nominate up to ten Employee Members without additional subscription.
CARDHOLDERS NAME: SIGNATURE:
(4)
All Lead members are entitled to nominate up to three Employee Members without additional subscription.

(5)

100
Please return completed form with payment to: AUSTRALIAN PIPELINES AND GAS ASSOCIATION (ABN: 29 098 754 324)
PO BOX 5416, KINGSTON ACT 2604 | PHONE: (02) 6273 0577 | FAX: (02) 6273 0588
All correspondence will be sent to the appointed representative, who will hold the members voting rights. A members appointed representative may
be changed at any time by advising the Associations Secretary in writing.
EMAIL: apga@apga.org.au | WEBSITE: www.apga.org.au

101
WHATS ON
ADVERTISERS AND FEATURES
Whats on
Advertisers Index
APGA Meetings 2016

Thursday 21 April
WA Chapter Dinner
Perth
Thursday 7 July
Sydney Dinner
Sydney
Thursday 8 September
Melbourne Dinner
Melbourne
Wednesday 30 November
Sydney Christmas Drinks
Sydney
Thursday 12 May
Brisbane Seminar
Brisbane
Wednesday 13 July
Darwin Dinner
Darwin
Wednesday 14 September
WA Chapter Lunch
Perth
Friday 2 December
Brisbane Christmas Lunch
Brisbane
Thursday 12 May
Brisbane Dinner
Brisbane
Thursday 21 July
APGA/ACA Joint Technical
Seminar, Perth
Thursday 10 November
NZ Golf Day and Christmas
Drinks
New Plymouth, New Zealand
Friday 9 December
Melbourne Christmas Lunch
Brisbane
Thursday 16 June
WA Chapter Lunch
Perth
Thursday 4 August
Brisbane Dinner
Brisbane
Thursday 23 June
Melbourne Dinner
Melbourne
Thursday 25 August
Adelaide Dinner
Adelaide
Friday 25 November
WA Chapter Christmas Lunch
Perth
Wednesday 14 December
Adelaide Christmas Lunch
Adelaide
AMS Instrumentation & Calibration Pty Ltd

70
Astron Plastics Group
21
48
Australian Urethane Systems Pty Ltd
AXS PTY LTD
47
Corrosion Control Engineering Pty Ltd
10
Crest Coatings (Australia) Pty Ltd
23
Ditch Witch Australia Pty Ltd
15
31
Ditch Witch Australia Pty Ltd
DMI International
64
Dunstans Construction Group Pty Ltd
5
East Coast Pipeline Pty Ltd
9
Fast Fusion, LLC
51
44
Fyfe Pty Ltd
Inductabend Pty Ltd
30
ISCO Industries, LLC.
61
ITI International
13
Kwik-Zip 33
66
Lott Field Services Pty Ltd
McConnell Dowell
IFC
Mcelroy Manufacturing Inc
40
Mitchell Water Australia Pty ltd
1
Murphy Pipe and Civil
25
OSD Limited
77
Ottoway Engineering Pty Ltd
49
Peter Norman Personnel Pty Ltd

PIHA Pty Ltd
Pinard Enterprises Pty Ltd
Pipeline Inspection
PipeLine Machinery International
Pipeline Plant Hire
Pipeline Specialty Supply Service Pty Ltd
Position Partners
PXL
Qube Energy
Quest Integrity Group
Richmond Wheel & Castor Co
Rosen Technology & Research Center GmbH
Savcor Products Australia Pty Ltd
Schoenbeck GmbH & Co. KG
Shawcor (Singapore) Pte Ltd
SpieCapag Lucas
STATS Group
Stockton Drilling Services
Vacuworx Australia
Vermeer Equipment Holdings Pty Ltd
Wolf Energy Pty Ltd
Worldwide Machinery
38
59
27
83
29
45
55
52
53
7
35
37
19
65
24
57
41
43
18
17
OBC
12
39
Exhibitions and Conferences

APPEA Conference
APGA Convention and Exhibition
5 8 June 2016
Brisbane, Australia
www.appea.com.au
8 11 October 2016
Perth, Australia
www.apga.org.au
The APPEA Conference & Exhibition attracts delegates from

across the country and around the world, and is the southern
hemisphere largest annual upstream oil and gas conference.
APGAs Annual Convention brings together participants from all

sectors of the pipeline industry as well as other industries that are
associated with natural gas and the transportation of energy,
slurry and water.
The Australian Pipeliner July 2016 edition
APGA New Membership Approvals

CORPORATE MEMBERS
Adviser/Consultant
Manufacturer of Equipment or Material
PetrolValves Australia Pty Ltd - Shane Kirkbride
Service Provider
ASME Projects - Ross Barnes
Pap Solutions (Michael Papantoniou)(CMZ)
Dont miss our Northern Territory region review
EMPLOYEE MEMBERS
Pinar Genc - Zinfra Pty Ltd
INDIVIDUAL MEMBERS
Trenchless technology
Jeff Jones
102
Machinery and equipment
APGA Exhibitor profiles

103
THE LAST WORD
What I know about pipelines

PATRICIA FRIEND-PEREIRA, PIPELINE ENGINEER, ATTERIS
FIVE YEARS IN THE PIPELINE INDUSTRY
I grew up in Tullamore, Ireland, the home of Tullamore Dew
whiskey. It is a medium-sized country town in the heart of
Ireland. I enjoyed growing up in the countryside and having the
freedom to go out exploring nature.
I loved going cycling in summer, particularly to the nearest
village, which was about three miles away, to hit a tennis ball
against a wall for an hour or two and then cycle home after
having guzzling a bunch of penny sweets and fizzy drinks!
Hobbies when I was younger included pretty much every sport
going. I have a few medals in tennis, camogie womens version of
hurling hockey, rowing and even some athletics. Today I still play
hockey; I have made some of my best friends in Australia through
hockey and we have even won a few grand finals together.
What I like to do most away from work is spend time with my
partner, Barry, and you guessed it, play hockey! #hockeyislife
My first pipeline job was on the Wheatstone Project I felt
fortunate to have my first job on such an impressive project.
I joined the project just as final investment decision (FID) was
made and I was able to be part of the team right through until
construction.
My favourite pipeline job was getting to go offshore for the
Wheatstone trunkline trenching and backfill campaign. Having
spent over two years in the office working on the secondary

stabilisation design I was itching to get into the field and to see a
design turned into a reality.
My most challenging pipeline job was working and living
offshore on dredging vessels. It was a great experience but not
without its challenges, particularly when you are in the minority.
Having said that, I have always found the majority of people
I work with to be supportive and encouraging.
My favourite aspect of the pipeline industry is definitely the
people! The pipelines are pretty awesome too, dont get me
wrong. But for me what makes it special are the people.
The people I most admire in the industry are the people I have
met who have dedicated their careers to the industry and give
their time freely to make the industry better for everyone.
I am very proud to have recently been promoted to Senior
Engineer. It is an important step in my career and I was honoured
to achieve that recognition.
One piece of advice I would offer to those coming into the
industry is work hard and play hard! Get involved in the YPF, go
along to the events and even put your hand up to be on the state
committee.
Young pipeliner Patricia Friend-Pereira living the high life offshore.
104
For all the latest pipeline,

oil and gas industry news
in Australia.
Want to know whats happening in the Australasian
oil and gas industry, but dont have the time?
Pipeline, Plant & Offshore (PPO) is a concentrated Australian
oil and gas focused daily news publication. All the news that
counts, straight from the source to you.
PPO provides a number of unique offerings, including a
daily news service with updates on construction activity,
tender announcements and awards, policy and more, along
with the monthly PPO Projects report in print and digital,
searchable project database with over 1,000 projects, and
the PPO Annual industry yearbook.
Concise industry news

Easy-to-use database
Project updates
Contractor listings
Detailed analysis
Policy updates
For more information on PPOs full suite of products, including subscriptions,

maps, e-guides and more, visit www.ppo.com.au or call (03) 9248 5100.
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TAP April 2016 Web Smaller

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ISSUE 166 | APRIL 2016

PIPELINE CONSTRUCTION WORKERS OF AUSTRALIA

APGA NEWS AND EVENTS

Members and memos

Standardising pipeliner training

REGION REVIEW: QUEENSLAND

QUIZZES AND PUZZLES

NFPCA recognised with innovation award

A new age for contractors

NDT keeping it smooth

Choose your path: the future for Australias

The final stages: VNIE Loopings 69

Ushering in 2016 safely

APGA Membership List

The latest industry news

The Australian Pipeliner Quiz

The pipeline state: Queensland region review

Pipeline construction workers of Australia

YOUNG PIPELINERS FORUM

Connecting port to pipeline

12 tonnes of relining fun

APGA Meetings 2016

THE LAST WORD

What I know about pipelines: Patricia Friend-Pereira

INTEGRITY AND MAINTENANCE

Inspecting challenging pipelines

TRANSPORT & LOGISTICS

Top level pipe stacking for the Australian industry

The Halladale well site during drilling operations in late 2014

THE AUSTRALIAN PIPELINER | APRIL 2016

THE AUSTRALIAN PIPELINER | APRIL 2016

A.C.N. 005 716 825 (A.B.N. 28 096 872 004)

Read The Australian Pipeliner

Cover: Pipe stockpiled in northern Victoria for the Victorian

To view the digital edition on

Average Net Distribution 2,433

The Australian Pipeliner is the official journal of the Australian

The Australian Pipelines and Gas

THE AUSTRALIAN PIPELINER | APRIL 2016

DUNSTANS CONSTRUCTION GROUP has developed a

Call 03 5722 1515 for a copy of our capability brochure

A complete APGA membership list

SHAUN REARDON PRESIDENT

Shaun Reardon, President.

THE AUSTRALIAN PIPELINER | APRIL 2016

Chief Executives Report

CHERYL CARTWRIGHT CHIEF EXECUTIVE

Cheryl Cartwright, Chief Executive.

ABN: 29 098 754 324

THE AUSTRALIAN PIPELINER | APRIL 2016

MEMBERS AND MEMOS

MEMBERS AND MEMOS

Bilston leaves Galilee

Leadership change at SEA Gas

Paul Bilston speaking at an APGA Dinner in Melbourne

After three years, former editor of The Australian Pipeliner,

Decmil Group has acquired the business assets of

Santos CEO Kevin Gallagher.

THE AUSTRALIAN PIPELINER | FEBRUARY 2016

Decmil adds EPC capability

URS integrates into AECOM

Australasias Most Experienced

Santos revamps executive line-up

Paul Bilston moved on from his role as Executive