Perform HouseKeeping Duties

Quality Assurance is the planned and systematic activities implemented in a

quality system so that quality requirements for a product or service will be
fulfilled.
The value of
recognizing and adhering to quality assurance is very important, as this
program takes great pride in their work and with competence workers they
make sure that the product or service that is produced is always the best of
its quality. They ensure that all PPE euipments are in place, safety rules and
guidlines are brought out properly to meet the company compensation and to
prevent the mass production of defective goods.
Tools are selected occurding to there purpose and there various criteria. .
Hand Tools Classification On the basis of the various mechanisms used, hand
tools classification can be done which lead to four different types of hand
tools:

Cutting Tools: Cutting tools as the name suggests, these tools are used
for cutting purposes. Cutting tools are used not only to cut a physical
object into pieces but also used to remove metal or wood from the
workpiece by means of sheer deformation. eg Pliers, Cutters, Snips.

Gripping tools: Gripping hand tools are used for gripping objects by
using leverage. It may also be used to remove metal or wood from the
workpiece or to hold a part to do further work or even pick up forcibily
something like nails from within a piece of wood or metal.eg

Striking tools:The striking tools are the most widely used tools and
they are also considered to be the the most often abused tool.
Chiseling, punching and riveting can be done properly using striking
tools.Striking tools is a very basic hand tool consisting of a weighted
head attached to a handle. Some examples of striking tools are as
follows: Sledgehammer (8, 10, 16 pounds),Maul, Battering Ram, Pick,
Flat-head Axe, Mallet/Hammer , Punch and Chisel.

Driving hand tools are those tools which are designed in a such a way
so that insertion, tightening, loosening, removing screws, bolts, nails or
other pointed objects or hard to turn items is done by applying torque.
These tools have mechanical advantage in applying torque. For
example: Screwdrivers, Nut drivers, Hand wrenches, T-handle

wrenches.

The general procedure by which equipments service is outline below:

Obtaining a copy of the maintenance schedule recommended by the

manufacturer.
Ensuring that maintenance is performed as required.
Ensuring that the person(s) performing the maintenance are
competent (e.g. licensed mechanic).

Retaining records of maintenance/service conducted.

Specifying who is responsible for overseeing equipment

maintenance and where the records are kept.

Set up a system for removal and tagging of damaged or defective

equipment.

The best practice for manually handling, sorting, stacking, stockpiling

engineering and conctruction material is for the employee to practice proper
lifting technique, and safety measures bsecause numerous injuries can result
from improperly handling and storing materials, workers should also be aware
of accidents that may result from the unsafe or improper handling of
equipment as well as from improper work practices. In addition, workers
should be able to recognize the methods for eliminating or at least
minimizing the occurrence of such accidents. Employers and employees
should examine their workplaces to detect any unsafe or unhealthful
conditions, practices, or equipment and take corrective action. Improper
manual sorting and stacking will cause injury so workers must be aware of
potential injuries that can occur when manually moving materials such as:

Strains and sprains from lifting loads improperly or from carrying

loads that are either too large or too heavy.

Fractures and bruises caused by being struck by materials or by

being caught in pinch points.

Cuts and bruises caused by falling materials that have been

improperly stored or by incorrectly cutting ties or other securing
devices.

Signage should not be ignored as they are very impotant, the workplace
would be hazard-free and safe from potential injuries and accidents.
However, many operations involve a certain amount of risk that cannot be
controlled through engineering measures, administrative controls, or personal
protective equipment. These situations require careful measures to prevent
workplace accidents and injuries so signs are erecrted to prevent these
accidents.

Barricades are important Whether your sector is mining, construction,

transport or industry, safety fencing or barricading is an essential for safety.
Safety fencing can keep an operator or other employees safe from moving
parts or other hazards. It is also important to keep any hazardous materials
used in industry or manufacturing fenced off with access only available to
those personnel trained to use the materials.

Using mechanical equipment to move and store materials increases the

potential for employee injuries. Workers must be aware of both manual
handling safety concerns and safe equipment operating techniques.
Employees should avoid overloading equipment when moving materials
mechanically by letting the weight, size, and shape of the material being
moved dictate the type of equipment used. All materials-handling equipment
has rated capacities that determine the maximum weight the equipment can
safely handle and the conditions under which it can handle that weight.
Employers must ensure that the equipment-rated capacity is displayed on
each piece of equipment and is not exceeded except for load testing.
Although workers may be knowledgeable about powered equipment, they
should take precautions when stacking and storing material. When picking up
items with a powered industrial truck, workers must do the following:

Center the load on the forks as close to the mast as possible to

minimize the potential for the truck tipping or the load falling,

Avoid overloading a lift truck because it impairs control and causes

tipping over,

Do not place extra weight on the rear of a counterbalanced forklift to

allow an overload,

Adjust the load to the lowest position when traveling,

Follow the truck manufacturer's operational requirements,

Pile and cross-tier all stacked loads correctly when possible.

A hazard is anything in the workplace that has the potential to harm

people.Hazards can include objects in the workplace, such as machinery or
dangerous chemicals.Hazardous waste can be broadly defined as any
material that cannot be used further or is unwanted, and poses a risk to the
community or to the environment if not properly handled. These materials
include, but are not limited to, chemical, biological and radioactive wastes,
sharps, contaminated glassware, balancing/dilution pit waste and some waste
products generated during building maintenance, construction and
demolition works. Each hazardous waste stream requires special handling to
protect the health and safety of personnel generating and handling the
waste, their colleagues and the wider community.Separating hazards
materials for removal and disposal is important as hazardous waste is
unwanted material or products that can cause illness or death to people,
plants and animals.Proper disposal ensures waste workers are not exposed to
the risk of inhaling toxic substances and reduces the chance of fires or
explosions. Never pour or flush HHW substances down the drain where they

will enter the sewage system. Chemicals can corrode plumbing and cause
failure in septic systems before they make thfaceir way to our waterways and
oceans.In disposal of hazardous material always make sure that reduce
hazardous waste production so as much hazards won't be created, sign up for
local hazardous waste collection so that it won't stay too long and start to
affecting workers health and dispose of waste in the trash, not in the sink,
toilet, or storm drain so that hazardous waste goes to places like landfills,
waste piles, and land treatment units. Proper storing of material is important
as improper storage will lead to hazards.

Wherever practicable, a clean-bench policy should be adopted, with all

items returned to their designated storage location on completion of a
task. This requires suitable and sufficient shelves, cupboards, wall
hangings and space to be available.

Materials used for workshop activities should be held at the work area
in appropriate quantities. Bulk storage at the work area is generally
unnecessary and contributes to congestion.

Segregation in storage must be practised for incompatible materials.

Flammable substances in particular must be held within a flammable
store, which is suitably constructed, marked and located.

Heavy large or awkward items should be stored so as to avoid bending

or excessive reaching when moving them. They should not be stored
above shoulder height or below knee height.

All substances must be clearly labelled to avoid confusion or

inadvertent contact with incompatible substances. When re-using
containers, remove or obscure the old label after cleaning the
container and relabel. In particular, food containers must not be used
for the storage of solvents or chemicals.

Materials should be stored in appropriate containers. Broken glass and

sharps must be held in a labelled steel or heavy plastic bin (never
cardboard). Rigid containers must be used in preference to flimsy
cardboard boxes or cartons.

Shelving must be secure and never overloaded. Ensure that

freestanding shelves and cupboards are secured to walls.

Materials must be stored in such a manner to avoid spillage, leakage,

breakage or falls.

Stored items should be periodically reviewed to rationalise their

storage and dispose of obsolete items. Effective stock rotation should
identify items that are deteriorating, or of no use, or not required.

It is very important in cleaning debris and unwanted from the site of work
because the dedris is harmfull. Too much debris lying around will cause
accidents, eg. oil or some form of liquid is spilled and it is not cleaned up.
Debris or unwanted substabce are the hazard producers and any where there
is hazards accidents an injury are prown.

Attend to breakdown in
Performing Manual Handling And Lifting
OH&S is a health and safety program is a definite plan of action
designed to prevent accidents and occupational diseases. The OH&S
guidelines and regulation are very important in very work
organization ,these guidelines and regulation are put in place to have a
safe work area free from accidents and occupational diseases. It also
provide all the tips and measures of how to use tools and equipment
properly to prevent accidents or injury, they ensure that all safety
gears are worn and safety in measures are brought out the site of
work to create a safe work environment.
It is very essential to follow correct lifting techniques as incorrect lifting
will wiil cause low back pain ,back injury, occupational fatigue,muscle
strains and tears and joint pain.
The accepted procedures invovled in selecting equipments for
moving/placing materials is material handling equipment .Material
handling equipment is mechanical equipment used for the movement,
storage, control and protection of materials, goods and products
throughout the process of manufacturing, distribution, consumption
and disposal. The different types of material handling equipment can
be classified into four major categories: transport equipment,
positioning equipment, unit load formation equipment, and storage
equipment.
when moving materials manually, workers should attach handles or
holders to loads. In addition, workers should always wear appropriate
personal protective equipment and use proper lifting techniques. To
prevent injury from oversize loads, workers should seek help in the
following:

When a load is so bulky that employees cannot properly grasp or lift

it,

When employees cannot see around or over a load, or

When employees cannot safely handle a load.

Using the following personal protective equipment prevents needless
injuries when manually moving materials:

Hand and forearm protection, such as gloves, for loads with sharp or
rough
edges.
Eye protection.

Steel-toed safety shoes or boots.

Metal, fiber, or plastic metatarsal guards to protect the instep area
from impact or compression.
For safety measure before starting to load or unload one must follow
these steps to prepare the work are:

Area should be level to help maintain stability of the truck and trailer.
The ground should be free of potholes and debris.

Area should be free of overhead electric lines.

Area should be clear of other traffic vehicles or foot. Pedestrians, the

truck driver, or other employees not involved in the loading unloading
process should be clear of the area.

Area should have sufficient lighting for early morning or evening

loading or unloading.

If possible, the designated area should be a one-way route to prevent

the need for vehicles to back up. If a driver is required to back the
vehicle, a spotter should be used to protect pedestrians and property.
When loading or unloading a truck certain safety tips and measures in
loading the truck and using the fork(loader) should be followed:

Keep forks pointed downhill when traveling without a load on a

ramp.

Keep forks pointed uphill when traveling with a load on a ramp.

Stay clear of edges of docks, rail cars or ramps. Have edges clearly
marked.
Do not tow or push railway cars or trucks with a forklift.

Do not operate forklifts inside vehicles for long periods without

ventilation.

Make sure that the dock plate is properly secured and can support
the load before driving over it. (Load weight should be clearly marked.)

Drive carefully and slowly over the plate. Do not spin wheels.

Introduction
This project has being put together to teach students about safety tips
and regulation for performing housekeeping duties, how attent to
breakdown in hazardous area and performing manual and mechanical
lifting And handling techinque safely without causeing any damage to
yourself, employers round you or to cause the destruction of property,
equipments and tools. I hope that this project wiil nuture students to
become competent leaners who are able to select and apply
appropriate handing and lifting materials technique via both manually
and mechanically safely knowledge and skills to analyse, undrestand
and explain automotive and lifting technique in their every day life.

Acknowledgement
I would like gratefull thanks to the publisher for sources of my
information an making this project a successfull one:

www.google.com

http://whttp://www.otago.ac.nz/humanresources/health-andsafety/hazards/otago064790.html

http://sydney.edu.au/whs/guidelines/hazardouswaste/

http://gogreenplus.org/nuts-and-bolts-guide/planet-nuts-and-boltsguide/waste-reduction-responsible-disposal/disposing-of-hazardouswaste/
ww.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/safety_haz/hand_tools/wrenches.html

http://www.elcosh.org/document/1231/d000396/housekeeping-atconstruction-sites.html

Conclusion
It is expected tht this project will fullfill the teaching and learning
needs of both students and teachers. Indeed, through using this
project both teachers and leaners will find how important learning
about learning safety measure and PPE is important.

References
http://www.otago.ac.nz/humanresources/health-andsafety/hazards/otago064790.html
http://sydney.edu.au/whs/guidelines/hazardouswaste/

http://gogreenplus.org/nuts-and-bolts-guide/planet-nuts-and-boltsguide/waste-reduction-responsible-disposal/disposing-of-hazardouswaste/

http://www.otago.ac.nz/humanresources/health-andsafety/hazards/otago064790.html
http://sydney.edu.au/whs/guidelines/hazardouswaste/
http://gogreenplus.org/nuts-and-bolts-guide/planet-nuts-and-boltsguide/waste-reduction-responsible-disposal/disposing-of-hazardouswaste/

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