WAVES

Author: Pranjal K. Bharti (B. Tech., IIT Kharagpur)

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Notes for School Exams

Physics XI

Waves
Author: P. K. Bharti (B. Tech., IIT Kharagpur)
H. O. D. Physics, Concept Bokaro Centre
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2007 P. K. Bharti
All rights reserved.

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2013-2015

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WAVES

Author: Pranjal K. Bharti (B. Tech., IIT Kharagpur)

www.vidyadrishti.org
Travelling wave equation (Waveform)

Definition of wave

A type of motion of energy where transportation of energy

occurs without any bulk motion of material together with it
is called wave motion.
Classification of wave motion

1.

2.

1.

2.

Wave motion can be broadly categorized in two categories

depending on medium:
Mechanical waves: These waves require material medium
(solid, liquid or gas) for propagation. Examples include
sound waves, water waves, Rayleigh waves etc.
Non-mechanical waves: These waves do not require
material medium for propagation. Example include light
wave.
Wave motion can be broadly categorized in two categories
depending on propagation:
Longitudinal wave: In a longitudinal wave the particle
displacement is parallel to the direction of wave
propagation. Example: sound wave.
Transverse wave: In a transverse wave the particle
displacement is perpendicular to the direction of wave
propagation. Example: water wave, wave on a string.

y=
f ( kx t ) ;

Waves can be produced in a string by disturbing the string at

one or more points. Characteristics of the wave produced on
the string depend on elastic and inertia properties of the
string.
When a string is disturbed at some point, bump is produced
that propagates through the string.
If the source of disturbance is active for a very short time,
the bump produced will be localized only to a small part of
space at a time. This is called a wave pulse.

along + ve x - axis

y f ( kx + t ) ;
=

along -ve x - axis

Here f denotes any arbitrary function. Some examples of

solution of wave equation are:
y A sin ( kx t )
=
y = Ae(

kx + t )

; A : constant

y = ( kx t ) + ( kx t )
2

The wave of the first example is called harmonic travelling

wave.
The sinusoidal wave:

When the left end of the string is continuously disturbed in

simple harmonic motion (SHM), the wave generated is
called sinusoidal wave or sine wave. The shape of the string
at some time is shown in figure.
y

Waves on a string: Travelling Wave

Waveform means shape of the wave or simply equation of

the wave.
Travelling wave has the form:

v
x
Sine wave

The displacement y of any point with coordinate x at time t

can be written as

=
y A sin ( kx t + )
or=
y A cos ( kx t + )

(sinusoidal waveform)

Some terms associated with sine wave are described below:

Crest

Wave pulse

If the source is active for some extended time repeating its

motion several times, a collection of bumps are generated
which is called wave train or wave packet.

Trough
Wave train

These wave pulse and wave train are called travelling

waves.
Speed of transverse wave on a string is given by

v=

(speed of wave on a string)

where T = tension in the string

and = mass per unit length of the spring

Page |2

Amplitude: The amplitude A of a wave is the magnitude of

the maximum displacement of the elements from their
equilibrium positions as the wave passes through them.

Crest: The highest points reached by the wave.

Trough: The lowest points reached by the wave.

Time period: The time period of oscillation T of a wave is

defined as the time any string element takes to move
through one complete oscillation.

Wavelength (): The distance between any two adjacent

crests and troughs.

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WAVES

Author: Pranjal K. Bharti (B. Tech., IIT Kharagpur)

Note that wavelength is the distance travelled by the wave

in the interval of one time period of disturbation SHM. So,
if T is the time period of the disturbation SHM, we can
write = vT.
This is a very important relationship for sine wave. Also
note that two particles in the medium separated by distance
equal to integer multiple of wavelength, have identical
motion.

Total mechanical energy: From the expression of kinetic and

potential energy, total mechanical energy transmitted per unit
length is equal to:
1
1
M .E. unit length =
K .E. unit length + P.E. unit length = 2 A2 + 2 A2
4
4

Frequency (f or ): The frequency of the disturbation

SHM is called the frequency of the wave. This is commonly

Average power: To calculate the power transmitted, we have to

calculate the energy transmitted through the string per second.
As the wave speed is v m/s, the power transmitted will be equal
to:

denoted as or f. So we have, =
v

= f
T

1
M .E. unit length =
2 A2
4

Interference (superposition)

Interference is the phenomenon that occurs when two or

more waves superpose (meet) while traveling along the
same medium.

= f=
T
k

The principle of superposition states that interfering waves

algebraically add to produce a resultant wave (or a net
wave). The principle implies that the interfering waves do
not, in any way, alter the travel of each other.

If we have two or more waves moving in the medium the

resultant waveform y is the sum of wave functions of

Some alternative form of sine wave equation using relation

=
v

1
v 2 A2
2

Power =

Important relation:

v
=

Angular wave number or propagation constant (k): The

quantity 2/ is called the wave number. Physically wave
number denotes number of repeating units of the sine wave
per unit of space. We can write,

k=

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can be written as follows:

= f=
T
k

=
y A sin(t kx + )
=
y A sin { (t x / v) + }
=
y A sin {k (vt x) + }
t x
=
y A sin 2 +
T

individual waves y1 , y2 ,..., yn . Thus,

y = y1 + y2 + ... + yn
Please note that during interference (destructive or
constructive) the total energy of two waves remains
conserved.

Interference of two waves

Energy transmission along a sine wave

The harmonic oscillator that is used for producing the
disturbance at the left end imparts energy to the string at the left
end, which is transmitted along the string by the wave. The wave
carries the energy imparted in the form of kinetic and potential
energy of the string.
Kinetic energy: As the particles of the string are moving, there
must be some kinetic energy associated with per unit length of
the string. Kinetic energy transmitted per unit length of the string
is given by:

K .E. unit length =

1
2 A2
4

Potential energy: As the length of the string extends when wave

passes through the string, there must be some potential energy
associated with per unit length of the string. Potential energy
transmitted per unit length of the string is given by:

P.E. unit length

Page |3

1
= 2 A2
4

Let a wave travelling along a stretched string is given by

=
y1 A1 sin(t kx)
and another wave, shifted from the first by a phase ,

=
y2 A2 sin(t kx + )
By the superposition principle, the resultant displacement at
point is
y = y1 + y2

=
y A1 sin ( kx t ) + A2 sin ( kx t + )

=
y A sin ( kx t + )

A=

A12 + A22 + 2 A1 A2 cos

A2 sin
tan =
A1 + A2 cos

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WAVES

Author: Pranjal K. Bharti (B. Tech., IIT Kharagpur)

Constructive interference: The resultant amplitude A will

be maximum when
cos = 1
=
2n , n I
2
2

( A1 + A2 )

A=

A=

(Constructive interference)

A + A + 2 A1 A2 cos =

A=

2
1

2
2

(Constructive interference)

nI

A12 + A22 + 2 A1 A2 (1)

Now we will discuss two boundary conditions of the string:

a)

A = A1 A2

It can be observed form this equation that each particle

executes SHM: y = Ax cos t with amplitude Ax depending
on the position of the particle as: Ax = 2 A sin kx

(Destructive interference)

A12 + A22 + 2 A1 A2 cos =

( A1 A2 )

... (i)

(standing wave)

( 2n + 1) ,

A=

y=
2 A sin kx cos t

( A1 + A2 )

A=

From the principle of superposition, the resultant

displacement of the particles in the string after interference
can be written as:
y= y1 + y2

=
y A {sin ( kx t ) + sin ( kx + t )}

A + A + 2 A1 A2 (1)
2
1

Destructive interference: The resultant amplitude A will be

minimum when
cos = 1

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String fixed at both ends:

In this case nodes are formed at the fixed ends all the time.
Therefore, the boundary conditions are:
y = 0 (node) at x = 0 for all t
y = 0 (node) at x = L for all t

(Destructive interference)

Standing waves

Standing waves are produced when two waves with

identical frequency interfere with one another while
travelling in opposite direction in the same medium.
Due to constructive and destructive interferences at different
points of the string, all particles of the string execute simple
harmonic motion with different amplitudes.
At the points of maximum destructive interferences, the
particles remain stationary. These points are called nodes.
At the points of maximum constructive interferences, the
particles execute SHM with maximum amplitude. These
points are called antinodes.

Using these boundary conditions on Eq. (i), we arrive:

n
L
=
, nI
2
v
Using, f = we get:

nv
, nI
f
=
2L
n F
, nI
=
f
2L
(String fixed at both ends)

So there are infinite numbers of frequencies at which a

string can vibrate. These frequencies are called natural
frequencies or resonant frequencies.
The lowest of all these frequencies is called fundamental
frequency f1 or 1st harmonic. Putting n = 1 in (ii) we get,
f1 =

As the nodes are formed at some fixed points of the string,

the entire pattern gives an appearance of standing still. Thus
it is called standing or stationary wave.
In standing waves, there is no net transport of energy in
either direction, although there is energy in the system.

... (ii)

v
2L

(fundamental frequency or 1st harmonic)

Putting n = 2 in (ii) we get,

v
(2nd harmonic or 1st overtone)
f2 =
L

Putting n = 3 in (ii) we get,

3v
(3rd harmonic or 2nd overtone)
f3 =
2L

Standing waves: Analytically

To analyze the standing string wave, let us consider two

waves of same amplitude and frequency travelling along a
same string but in opposite direction. Equation of these
waves can be written as follows:
=
y1 A sin ( kx t )
=
y1 A sin ( kx + t )

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WAVES

Author: Pranjal K. Bharti (B. Tech., IIT Kharagpur)

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SOUND WAVES
Basic Concepts of Sound Waves

The collection of all possible modes is called the harmonic

series and n is called the harmonic number.

b) One end fixed and other end free

In this case nodes are formed at the fixed ends all the time
and antinodes at the free end all the time . Therefore, the
boundary conditions are: Here the boundary conditions are:
i) y = 0 (node) at x = 0 for all t.
ii) As y = L is a free end, antinodes will form there.
Using these boundary conditions on Eqn. (i), we arrive at:

L=

( 2n 1)

Using, f =

=
f

, nI
we get:

( 2n 1) v

, nI
4L
2n 1 F
, nI
=
f
4L

Displacement and pressure wave

... (iii)

In case of string wave, the wave was described by the

displacement of the string particles.
In case of sound waves, the wave can be described by either
(i)
displacement of the medium particles as:

=
s s0 sin ( kx t )

(String fixed at one end)

The most general definition of sound is a longitudinal wave

in a medium.
Sound waves may be described in terms of variations of
pressure at various points. In a sinusoidal sound wave in air,
the pressure fluctuates above and below atmospheric
pressure P0 in a sinusoidal variation with the same
frequency as the motions of the air particles. The human ear
operates by sensing such pressure variations.
The disturbance (compression and rarefaction) produced
travels in the medium at a speed which depends on the
elastic and inertia properties of the medium.
When this propagating disturbances or waves strike the ear,
sound is perceived. Human ear can perceive sound whose
frequency lies between 20 Hz and 20 KHz.

Putting n = 1 in (iii) we get,

v
(fundamental frequency or 1st harmonic)
f1 =
4L

Putting n = 2 in (iii) we get,

3v
(3rd harmonic or 1st overtone)
f2 =
4L

(ii)

or
the

excess

pressure

generated

as:

=
p p0 sin ( kx t )

A unique relation between these displacement and pressure

wave exists which is given as
p0 = Bks0

Thus pressure amplitude is Bk times the displacement

amplitude and pressure amplitude differs in phase by /2
from the displacement amplitude.
Speed of sound in solid

Putting n = 3 in (iii) we get,

5v
(5th harmonic or 2nd overtone)
f3 =
3L

For one dimensional solid structures (like beam), only

longitudinal sound waves are generally observed. The speed
of sound wave in this case is given by:
v=

Here Y is the Youngs modulus and is the density of

material.
Speed of sound in liquid

Resonance: If the driving frequency is equal to any natural

frequency of the string, the string will vibrate with a larger
amplitude. This phenomenon is known as resonance.
Because the string has a large number of natural
frequencies, resonance can occur at many different
frequencies.

Page |5

Speed of sound in liquid medium is given by

v=

where B = bulk modulus which is an elastic property and

= density which is an inertia property of the fluid.

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Author: Pranjal K. Bharti (B. Tech., IIT Kharagpur)

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Speed of Sound in gas

Newtons formula:

Closed organ pipe

The first theoretical expression for speed of sound wave in

gases was given by Isaac Newton. He suggested that it is an
isothermal process. This implies Boyles law is applicable
to the layers through which sound is propagating.
Thus:

L=

PV = constant
P V + V P = 0

P
= P
V / V

P
B=

( 2n 1)

Using, f =

, nI
we get:

( 2n 1) v
4L

, nI

... (ii)

(Closed organ pipe)

B
=

Putting n = 1 in (ii) we get,

v
(fundamental frequency or 1st harmonic)
f1 =
4L

Putting n = 2 in (ii) we get,

3v
(3rd harmonic or 1st overtone)
f2 =
4L

Putting n = 3 in (ii) we get,

5v
(5th harmonic or 2nd overtone)
f3 =
3L

But results obtained from this formula dont resemble the

experimental results. For example in STP, the calculated
value of speed of sound is 280 m/s whereas the measured
speed is 332 m/s.

Laplaces correction:

f
=

So,
=
v

In this case pressure node (or displacement antinode) is

formed in the open end and pressure antinode (or
displacement node) is formed in the closed end.
So the boundary conditions are:
p = 0 (node) at x = 0 for all t.
As x = L is a free end, antinodes will form there.
Using these boundary conditions on Eqn. (i), we arrive at:

Laplace suggested that this is an adiabatic process. Thus:

PV = constant
ln P + ln V =
constant
P
V
P
+
= 0
= P
P
V
V / V
P
B=

So,
=
v

B
=

At STP putting = 1.4 (for air), we get v = 332 m/s which

matches with the experimental result.
Sound speed is generally largest in solids, then in liquids
and lowest in gases.

Open organ pipe

Vibration of air columns

Vibration of air columns in closed and open pipe is very

similar to the standing waves formed in string. Consider two
sound waves having same amplitude and frequency with
phase difference between them travel in the opposite
direction in a medium. The equation for the pressure waves
can be written as:
=
p1 p0 sin(kx t )

=
p2 p0 sin(kx + t )
The resultant pressure at a point x at a point t can be written
as:
=
p p1 + p2
2 p0 sin kx cos t
p=

Page |6

... (i)

In this case pressure node (or displacement antinode) is

formed at both ends. So the boundary conditions are:
p = 0 (node) at x = 0 for all t.
p = 0 (node) at x = L for all t.
Using these boundary conditions on Eq. (i), we arrive:
n
L
=
, nI
2
v
Using, f = we get:

nv
f
=
, nI
2L
n F
=
f
, nI
2L

... (iii)

(String fixed at both ends)

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Author: Pranjal K. Bharti (B. Tech., IIT Kharagpur)

Putting n = 1 in (iii) we get,

v
(fundamental frequency or 1st harmonic)
f1 =
2L

Beats

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Putting n = 2 in (iii) we get,

v
(2nd harmonic or 1st overtone)
f2 =
L

The phenomenon of periodic variations in intensity of sound

when two waves of slightly different frequencies and
amplitudes travelling in the same direction, are
superimposed on each other is called beats.
One cycle of maximum and minimum intensity is called one
beat. The numbers of beats heard in one second is called
beat frequency and this is equal to the difference in
frequency of the interfering waves. Thus,
Beat frequency = no. of beats per sec =

f1 f 2

Putting n = 3 in (iii) we get,

3v
(3rd harmonic or 2nd overtone)
f3 =
2L

Sound intensity

=
p2 p0 sin 2 ( t x / v )

The resultant change in pressure due to interference can be

written as:
p p1 + p2
=

+
2
=
p 2 p0 cos 1
( t x / v ) sin 1 2 ( t x / v )
2
2

=
p 2 p0 cos
( t x / v ) sin ( t x / v )
2

The amount of energy crossing a unit cross-sectional area

perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the wave in
unit time is known as the intensity of the sound wave.
Therefore average intensity, which is power transmitted per
unit area, is given by

I av
=

Consider two sound waves having same amplitude and

slightly different frequencies travel in the same direction of
some medium. Equations of the corresponding pressure
waves can be written as:
=
p1 p0 sin 1 ( t x / v )

Power B 2 s02 p02 v p02

=
=
=
Area
2v
2B 2 v

1 2

+ 2

=
and 1
=
Assuming
2
2

The above equation can be interpreted as the equation of a

travelling wave of angular frequency , whose amplitude

2 p0 cos
( t x / v ) oscillates between 0 to 2p0. The
2

scenario is shown in Fig a and b.

It can be seen that sound intensity is directly proportional to

the square of the pressure amplitude and inversely
proportional to the density of the medium.
Loudness

The perceived loudness of sound is the ears response to

intensity. Higher the intensity of the sound wave, higher
will be the loudness the sound and vice versa.
Loudness is correlated with the intensity by the using the
parameter known as sound level which is expressed in
decibels (dB). This is expressed as follows:

(dB ) = 10 log10

I
I0

So the frequency of variation of amplitude is

( / 2 ) / 2 .

Here I the intensity of the sound of interest and I0 is a

reference intensity with value 10e 12 W/m2.

Thus the frequency of amplitude

variation = 2 {( / 2 ) / 2 } = / 2 =f1 f 2

As the intensity is proportional to the pressure

amplitude, the intensity varies periodically with
frequency f1 f 2 .

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Author: Pranjal K. Bharti (B. Tech., IIT Kharagpur)

Doppler effect

2) Source stationary and listener moving:

The apparent change in the frequency of sound when the

source, the observer and the medium are in relative motion
is called Doppler effect.
We consider the following three cases for Doppler effect:

1) Listener stationary and source moving:

Suppose the listener is stationary with respect to the

medium and the source is moving towards the listener at a
speed vs.
x
S

vs

t=0

vs

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Suppose the source is stationary with respect to the medium

and the listener is moving towards the source at a speed vo.
When the listener receives a compression pulse, the next
compression pulse must be at a distance vot away from the
listener. The relative velocity of the listener and the next
compression pulse is vo + v. Therefore time interval between
the two consecutive compression pulses received by the
listener is:
v
T' =
T
v + vo
v0

Compression

t=t

Compression

Compression
O

vs t

x vs t

Suppose at some point of time the source emits a

compression pulse towards the listener. Lets assume that at
this moment distance between the source and the listener is
x. This compression pulse will reach the listener at time t1 =
x/v where v is the speed of sound in medium.
The source will emit the next compression pulse after time T
where T is the time period. The source has travelled a
distance of vsT at this time, so current distance between
source and listener will be xvsT. This compression wave
will reach the listener at a time t2 = T + (x vsT)/v.
Therefore time interval between the two consecutive
compression pulses received by the listener is:
x vs T x v vs
T ' = t 2 t1 = T +
T
=
v
v
v
Therefore the apparent frequency experienced by the
listener will be:
v
1
f=' =
f
T ' v vs
It can be proved similarly that instead of approaching, if the
source recedes from the listener at a speed of u, the apparent
frequency will be:
v
f '=
f
v + vs

vT

v0
S

vT

v0T

Therefore the apparent frequency experienced by the

listener will be:
v + vo
f '=
f
v
It can be proved similarly that instead of approaching, if the
listener recedes from the source at a speed of u, the apparent
frequency will be:
v vo
f '=
f
v
Thus if the listener is moving and the source is stationary,
apparent frequency increases as the listener approaches the
source and decreases as the listener recedes from the source.

3) Both listener and source are moving

Thus if the source is moving and the listener is stationary,

apparent frequency increases as the source approaches the
listener and decreases as the source recedes from the
listener.

Suppose the source and listener are moving towards each

other with speeds vs and vo with respect to the medium. Let
at distance between them be x at t = 0.
x

vs

v0

t=0
S

vs

v0

vo t

vs t
t=T

Page |8

The speed of the sound wave relative to the observer is v+v0.

Therefore, the observer will receive the first compression
pulse at time,
x
t1 =
v+v0

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After one time period t = T, both the source and observer

have moved towards each other covering distances vsT and
v0T respectively. The new distance between the source and
the observer is x (vs+v0)T.
The 2nd compression pulse will reach the observer at time,
x ( v s +v 0 ) T
t2= T +
v+v0
The time interval between two successive compression
pulses or the period of the waves as recorded by the
observer is
x ( v s +v 0 ) T
x
T ' = t2 t1 = T +

v+v0
v+v0

vvs
T'=

T
v+v0
Therefore the apparent frequency experienced by the
listener will be:

v+vo
f '=
f
vvs

Doppler effect (Summary)

Let vo be the speed of the listener w.r.t. the medium,

considered positive when it moves towards the source and
negative when it moves away from the source.
Let vs be the speed of the source w.r.t. the medium,
considered positive when it moves towards the listener and
negative when it moves away from the listener.
Then combining results of case 1 and 2, the expression for
apparent frequency can be written as:

f '=

v + vo
f
v vs

Thus apparent frequency increases as separation between

source and listener decreases and decreases as separation
between source and listener increases.
Following two points are to be kept in mind:
1.
It has been assumed that the motion of source or
listener is along the line joining the two. If the motions
are in other directions, components of the velocity
should be taken along the joining line before using the
formulas.
2.
It has been assumed that the medium is in rest. If the
medium itself is moving appropriate corrections are to
be made in determining the speeds of the source and the
listener.

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Author: Pranjal K. Bharti (B. Tech., IIT Kharagpur)

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About P. K. Bharti Sir (Pranjal Sir)

Physics Classes by Pranjal Sir

(Admission Notice for XI & XII - 2014-15)
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Physics Class Schedule for Std XIIth (Session 2014-15) by Pranjal Sir
Sl. No.

Main Chapter
Basics from XIth

1.

Electric Charges and

Fields

2.

Electrostatic Potential
and Capacitance

PART TEST 1
3.

Current Electricity

SUMMER BREAK
4.
Moving charges and
Magnetism

P a g e | 10

Board level

JEE Main Level

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Vectors, FBD, Work, Energy, Rotation,

SHM
Coulombs Law
Electric Field
Gausss Law
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Capacitors
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13th & 15th Apr
NA
20th & 22nd Apr
24th & 26th Apr
NA

5th & 6th Apr

10th & 12th Apr
13th & 15th Apr
17th & 19th Apr
20th & 22nd Apr
24th & 26th Apr
27th & 29th Apr

Unit 1 & 2

4th May
NA
6th, 8th, 10th, 13th
May

NA
11th May
6th, 8th, 10th, 13th
May

NA

15th & 16th May

Basic Concepts, Drift speed, Ohms

Law, Cells, Kirchhoffs Laws,
Wheatstone bridge, Ammeter,
Voltmeter, Meter Bridge, Potentiometer
etc.
Competition Level

18th May
NA
21st May 2013 to 30th May 2013
Force on a charged particle (Lorentz
31st May, 1st &
force), Force on a current carrying
3rd Jun
wire, Cyclotron, Torque on a current
carrying loop in magnetic field,
magnetic moment
Biot Savart Law, Magnetic field due
to a circular wire, Ampere circuital
law, Solenoid, Toroid
Competition Level

Unit 4

JEE Adv Level

th

3 Mar to 4 Apr 14

Unit 3

PART TEST 2

PART TEST 3

Topics

NA
20th May

5th & 6th Apr

10th & 12th Apr
13th & 15th Apr
17th & 19th Apr
20th & 22nd Apr
24th & 26th Apr
27th & 29th Apr, 1st,
3rd & 4th May
NA
11th May
6th, 8th, 10th, 13th May

15th, 16th, 17th, 18th &

19th May
NA
20th May

31st May, 1st &

3rd Jun

31st May, 1st & 3rd Jun

5th, 7th & 8th Jun

5th, 7th & 8th Jun

5th, 7th & 8th Jun

NA

10th & 12th Jun

15th Jun
NA

NA
22nd Jun

10th, 12th, 14th & 15th

Jun
NA
22nd Jun

CONCEPT: JB-20, Near Jitendra Cinema, City Centre, Bokaro

Mb: 7488044834

WAVES
5.
6.

Author: Pranjal K. Bharti (B. Tech., IIT Kharagpur)

Magnetism and
Matter
Electromagnetic
Induction

PART TEST 4
7.

17 , 19 & 21st
Jun
24th, 26th & 28th
Jun

17th, 19th & 21st

Jun
24th, 26th & 28th
Jun

Not in JEE Advanced

Syllabus
24th, 26th & 28th Jun

NA

29th Jun & 1st Jul

6th Jul
NA
8th, 10th & 12th
Jul
NA
19th & 20th July

NA
13th Jul
8th, 10th & 12th
Jul
15th July
19th & 20th July

29th Jun, 1st, 3rd & 5th

Jul
NA
13th Jul
8th, 10th & 12th Jul

27th Jul
31st Jul & 2nd
Aug
3rd Aug
5th & 7th Aug
9th & 12th Aug
14th Aug
16th Aug

27th Jul
31st Jul & 2nd
Aug
3rd Aug
5th & 7th Aug
9th & 12th Aug
14th Aug
16th Aug

Photoelectric effect etc

9th & 11th Oct

9th & 11th Oct

9th & 11th Oct

Upto Unit 10

12th Oct

12th Oct

12th Oct

14th & 16th Oct

14th & 16th Oct

14th & 16th Oct

18th & 19th Oct

NA
26th Oct
26th, 28th, 30th
Oct & 1st Nov
2nd & 4th Nov

18th & 19th Oct

21st Oct
NA
26th, 28th, 30th
Oct & 1st Nov
2nd & 4th Nov

9th Nov
NA

9th Nov
8th, 9th & 11th
Nov
16th Nov
18th Nov to
Board Exams
18th Nov to JEE

18th & 19th Oct

21st & 25th Oct
NA
Not in JEE Adv
Syllabus
Not in JEE Adv
Syllabus
NA
8th, 9th, 11th, 13th & 15th
Nov
16th Nov
18th Nov to Board
Exams
18th Nov to JEE

Faradays Laws, Lenzs Laws, A.C.

Generator, Motional Emf, Induced Emf,
Eddy Currents, Self Induction, Mutual
Induction
Competition Level

Unit 5 & 6

Alternating current

AC, AC circuit, Phasor, transformer,

resonance,
Competition Level

8.

Electromagnetic
Waves
PART TEST 5
Revision Week

www.vidyadrishti.org
th

Unit 7 & 8
Upto unit 8

th

15th & 17th July

Not in JEE Advanced
Syllabus
27th Jul
31st Jul & 2nd Aug

3rd Aug
9.
Reflection
5th & 7th Aug
Refraction
9th & 12th Aug
Prism
Ray Optics
14th Aug
Optical Instruments
Not in JEE Adv
Syllabus
Competition Level
NA
19th & 21st Aug
19th, 21st, 23rd, 24th Aug
th
th
10.
Huygens Principle
26 Aug
26 Aug
26th Aug
th
th
th
th
Interference
28 & 30 Aug 28 & 30 Aug
28th & 30th Aug
st
st
Diffraction
Wave Optics
31 Aug
31 Aug
31st Aug
nd
nd
Polarization
2 Sep
2 Sep
2nd Sep
th
th
Competition Level
NA
4 & 6 Sep
4th, 6th, 7th, 9th, 11th Sep
th
th
Unit 9 & 10
PART TEST 6
14 Sep
14 Sep
14th Sep
th
th
REVISION ROUND 1 (For JEE Main & JEE Advanced Level): 13 Sep to 27 Sep
Upto Unit 10
Grand Test 2
28th Sep
28th Sep
28th Sep
Upto Unit 8

Grand Test 1

DUSSEHRA & d-ul-Zuha Holidays: 29th Sep to 8th Oct

11.

Dual Nature of
Radiation and Matter
Grand Test 3
12.

Atoms

13.

Nuclei
X-Rays
PART TEST 7
14.
Semiconductors
15.

Communication
System
PART TEST 8
Unit 11, 12 & 13

PART TEST 9
Revision Round 2
(Board Level)
Revision Round 3
(XIth portion for JEE)
30 Full Test Series

P a g e | 11

Unit 11, 12 & 13

Basic Concepts and Diodes, transistors,
logic gates

Unit 14 & 15
Competition Level
Unit 11, 12, 13, X-Rays
Mind Maps & Back up classes for late
registered students

NA
18th Nov to
Board Exams
18th Nov to JEE

Complete Syllabus

Date will be published after Oct 2014

CONCEPT: JB-20, Near Jitendra Cinema, City Centre, Bokaro

Mb: 7488044834