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________________________________________________________________________

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37(6): 79-83

Taiwan Historical Research

Vol. 18, No. 4, pp.165-199, December 2011
Institute of Taiwan History
Academia Sinica

The Dilemma Facing the Choshui River

Su-bing Chang

ABSTRACT
Choshui River is the longest river with the most abundant water resources in
Taiwan. In 1709, a large-scale irrigation canal, Pa Pao Chun, was built to provide water
for farming in the Changhua plain, thus making this flatland a leading agricultural region
in Taiwan. Nevertheless, this canal also resulted in uneven economic growth between the
northern and southern banks of Choshui River. Over the years, such imbalanced
development, despite often being disregarded, has profound impact on both the
environment and society. Although researchers have examined the exploitation of water
resources in the light of different disciplines, neither was the interconnection of the issue
from different perspectives explored, nor had the dynamic development in the area been
examined in longitudinal studies.
From the historical point of view, this research analyzed in depth the irrigation of
Choshui River and related issues including fight for water allocation between the North
and South as well as between agriculture and industry, rapid depletion of ground water,
development of hydroelectricity, construction of weir, and alteration of watercourse.
Choshui River, though rich in resources, has difficulty meeting the growing demands
from different sectors and the various needs. Worse still, man-made constructions and
infrastructure not only failed to alleviate the problem, but further deteriorated the
environment.
Looking back at the past 300-year exploitation of Choshui River reveals that
pursuit of economic development at the expense of the environment will incur enormous
social cost and ecological loss.
Keywords: Choshui River, Alluvial Fan, Pa Pao Chun, Water Allocation Agreement, Water
Right, Hydroelectricity, Groundwater, JiJi Weir, JiJi Common Diversion, Yulin
Offshore Industrial Park, Guo-Guan Petrochemical Company, No. 6 Naphtha
Cracking Industry Site, Water Resources, Environmental History