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Contents
MK-90HCMD001-03
2011 Hitachi, Ltd., Hitachi Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or
mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or stored in a database or retrieval system for any
purpose without the express written permission of Hitachi, Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Hitachi) and
Hitachi Data Systems Corporation (hereinafter referred to as Hitachi Data Systems).
Hitachi and Hitachi Data Systems reserve the right to make changes to this document at any time without
notice and assume no responsibility for its use. This document contains the most current information
available at the time of publication. When new or revised information becomes available, this entire
document will be updated and distributed to all registered users.
All of the features described in this document may not be currently available. Refer to the most recent
product announcement or contact your local Hitachi Data Systems sales office for information about feature
and product availability.
Notice: Hitachi Data Systems products and services can be ordered only under the terms and conditions of
Hitachi Data Systems applicable agreements. The use of Hitachi Data Systems products is governed by the
terms of your agreements with Hitachi Data Systems.
By using this software, you agree that you are responsible for:
a) acquiring the relevant consents as may be required under local privacy laws or otherwise from employees
and other individuals to access relevant data; and
b) ensuring that data continues to be held, retrieved, deleted or otherwise processed in accordance with
relevant laws.
Hitachi is a registered trademark of Hitachi, Ltd., in the United States and other countries. Hitachi Data
Systems is a registered trademark and service mark of Hitachi in the United States and other countries.
Hitachi AMS, Hitachi USP, XP Continuous Access Synchronous, ShadowImage and XP Continuous Access
Journal are trademarks of Hitachi Data Systems Corporation in the United States and other countries.
IBM is a trademark of International Business Machines Corporation in the United States, other countries, or
both.
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Microsoft product screen shots reprinted with permission from Microsoft Corporation.
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All other trademarks, service marks, and company names are properties of their respective owners.
ii
Hitachi Command Director User Guide
Contents
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xi
Intended audience. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Product version . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Release notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Document revision level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Referenced documents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Document conventions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Conventions for storage capacity values. . . .
Accessing product documentation . . . . . . . .
Getting help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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. xii
. xii
. xii
. xii
. xii
.xiii
.xiii
.xiv
.xiv
.xiv
Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
About Hitachi Command Director (HCmD) . . .
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
New in Command Director 7.1.1 . . . . . . . . . .
Setup workflow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Logging in . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Registering a license . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Specifying email address when you first log in
Modifying your user profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
HCmD graphical user interface . . . . . . . . . . .
Logging out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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. 1-2
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. 1-9
. 1-9
. 1-9
1-10
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2-2
2-3
2-3
2-4
2-4
2-5
iii
Hitachi Command Director User Guide
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. 2-5
. 2-6
. 2-7
. 2-8
. 2-9
. 2-9
2-10
2-11
2-12
2-12
2-12
2-13
2-14
2-15
2-16
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. 3-2
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. 3-6
. 3-9
3-10
3-11
3-14
3-15
3-16
3-17
3-17
3-18
3-18
3-19
3-20
3-22
3-22
3-24
3-24
3-24
iv
Hitachi Command Director User Guide
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. 4-7
. 4-8
. 4-9
4-10
4-11
4-11
4-11
4-14
4-14
4-15
4-15
4-16
4-18
4-19
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. 5-3
. 5-4
. 5-5
. 5-5
. 5-6
. 5-6
. 5-7
. 5-7
. 5-9
. 5-9
5-10
5-11
5-12
5-13
5-15
5-16
5-17
5-17
5-18
5-18
5-19
5-19
v
Hitachi Command Director User Guide
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5-20
5-20
5-21
5-21
5-21
5-22
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vi
Hitachi Command Director User Guide
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7-10
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. 8-2
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. 8-6
. 8-6
. 8-7
. 8-8
. 8-8
. 8-9
8-10
8-11
8-12
8-13
8-13
8-14
8-14
8-15
8-16
8-17
8-18
8-19
8-21
8-22
8-24
8-24
vii
Hitachi Command Director User Guide
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A-2
A-2
A-2
A-3
A-3
A-3
A-4
A-4
A-4
A-4
A-4
A-4
A-4
A-5
A-5
A-5
viii
Hitachi Command Director User Guide
B-2
B-2
B-2
B-3
B-3
Glossary
Index
ix
Hitachi Command Director User Guide
x
Hitachi Command Director User Guide
Preface
This manual provides information for Hitachi Command Director (HCmD).
Notice: The use of the features and/or products described in this manual
and all other Hitachi Data Systems products is governed by the terms of
your agreements with Hitachi Data Systems.
Intended audience
Product version
Release notes
Referenced documents
Document conventions
Getting help
Comments
Preface
Hitachi Command Director User Guide
xi
Intended audience
This document is intended for users of the Hitachi Command Director. You
should have the working knowledge of the following:
The use of Hitachi Command Director and all Hitachi Data Systems products
is governed by the terms of your agreements with Hitachi Data Systems.
Product version
This document revision applies to Hitachi Command Director v7.1.1 or later.
Release notes
Read the release notes before installing and using this product. They may
contain requirements or restrictions that are not fully described in this
document or updates or corrections to this document.
Release notes can be found on the documentation CD or on the Hitachi Data
Systems Support Portal: https://hdssupport.hds.com/
Date
Description
MK-90HCMD001-00
November 2010
Initial Release.
MK-90HCMD001-01
December 2010
MK-90HCMD001-02
May 2011
MK-90HCMD001-03
August 2011
Referenced documents
The following Hitachi referenced documents are available for download from
the Hitachi Data Systems Support Portal: https://hdssupport.hds.com/
xii
Preface
Hitachi Command Director User Guide
Document conventions
This document uses the following typographic conventions:
Convention
Description
Bold
Italic
screen/code
[ ] square brackets
Meaning
Description
Tip
Note
Caution
1 TB = 1,0004 bytes
Preface
Hitachi Command Director User Guide
xiii
1 PB = 1,0005 bytes
1 GB = 1,0003 bytes
1 EB = 1,0006 bytes
Getting help
The Hitachi Data Systems customer support staff is available 24 hours a
day, seven days a week. If you need technical support, log on to the Hitachi
Data Systems Portal for contact information: https://hdssupport.hds.com/.
Comments
Please send us your comments on this document to
doc.comments@hds.com. Include the document title, number, and revision,
and refer to specific sections and paragraphs whenever possible. All
comments become the property of Hitachi Data Systems Corporation.
Thank you!
xiv
Preface
Hitachi Command Director User Guide
1
Overview
This module describes how to start using Hitachi Command Director.
Features
Setup workflow
Logging in
Registering a license
Logging out
Overview
Hitachi Command Director User Guide
11
Features
Hitachi Command Director includes these key features:
12
Overview
Hitachi Command Director User Guide
When you view an SLO miss for a specific application on the global
dashboard, you can use the SLO Investigation Unit to drill down into the
specific application details, understand the various factors that resulted
in SLO miss, and apply your best practices for managing the miss and
take pre-emptive actions before an SLO violation occurs.
A report gallery that provides fast and simple access to performance and
capacity utilization reports of your storage systems and servers. It gives
the users the ability to create their own fully-customized reports by
simply choosing columns and sort criteria and save these reports for
future reference or reuse.
The gallery includes these predefined reports:
Asset and Inventory reports that provide quick inventory of your data
center assets such as storage systems and servers.
Storage economics reports that analyzes your capacity and
application data used with respective to Hitachi storage tiers.
Storage utilization reports for waste and reclaim identification or
chargeback support.
Chargeback reports that provide insight into your capacity
consumption and allocation at an application/host per tier or per pool
level to chargeback storage consumption to application/host owners.
Storage performance reports that quickly identifies busiest storage
resources across the data center.
Application tagging that provides the user with the flexibility to map
storage and application to their business structure.
Overview
Hitachi Command Director User Guide
13
New HNAS reports added to the File Servers business view report
gallery.
The Protocol Op/s Trend report trends the total operations
resulting from reads or writes for all supported protocol traffic for the
past 24 hours on the HNAS node.
For more information about this report, see Protocol Op/s trend
report on page 6-11.
The Total Throughput Trend report trends the total Ethernet and
FC (fibre channel) data transfer rate in the past 24 hours for all ports
belonging to an HNAS node.
For more information about this report, see Total throughput trend
report on page 6-12.
14
Overview
Hitachi Command Director User Guide
Setup workflow
After installing HCmD software, you must perform initial setup tasks to
configure HCmD for use. The following table summarizes the HCmD initial
setup workflow.
Setup task
Description
Section reference
Logging in on page 16
Registering a
license on page
1-7
Specifying email
address when
you first log in on
page 1-9
Configuring
email servers on
page 8-36
Specifying email
address when
you first log in on
page 1-9
Configuring Storage
System Collectors on
page 8-27
Creating applications
automatically on
page 3-9
or
Creating applications
manually on page 36
Perform manual
refresh to gather
storage system or
host data (optional)
Manually refreshing
data on page 8-34
Overview
Hitachi Command Director User Guide
15
Setup task
Description
Section reference
Create custom
categories/tags
(optional)
Managing custom
tags and tag
categories on page
3-15
Create new
monitoring window
or modify the default
monitoring window
(optional)
Creating monitoring
windows on page 416
or
Modifying monitoring
windows on page 418
Manage unassigned
applications
Creating applications
manually on page 36
Create custom
business views if the
preconfigured
business views does
not suit your
requirements. Or,
use preconfigured
business views that
HCmD provides.
Creating a new
business view on
page 3-22
or
Custom business
view on page 3-18
Logging in
To log on to Hitachi Command Director (HCmD), you require the following
information:
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User ID
Password
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You can obtain this information from your administrator, who is responsible
for setting up your user account in the Device Manager.
To log on to HCmD:
1. In a Web browser, enter the Hitachi Command Director URL:
http://HCmD-server-address:port-number
HCmD-server-address: IP address or host name of the Hitachi
Command Director server
port-number: Port number of the Hitachi Command Director server,
default is 25015.
2. Enter a user ID and password to log in.
3. Click Login.
The first time you log in, you are required to:
Enter your email address to receive Service Level Objective (SLO) alerts
and scheduled reports.
For more information, see Specifying email address when you first log in
on page 1-9.
Registering a license
Register a license in any of the following cases:
You are accessing Hitachi Command Director (HCmD) for the first time
after installation. You can not access the Web UI without a license.
License is expired.
To register a license:
1. Enter the HCmD URL.
Note: If you are accessing HCmD for the first time after installation,
the License Configuration window appears. In this case, register the
license key, and then log in.
2. From the login window, click License.
The License Configuration window is displayed.
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Dashboard
When you log in to the Command Director, the initial screen is the
dashboard. You can launch reports that provides you with a quick access to
near, real-time status of your application and storage health of your
enterprise.
You can customize the dashboard to show only the reports you want.
Navigation pane
Use the Navigation pane on the left in the Resources and Administration
tabs to access business views and administration settings.
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Content pane
When you select a folder, host, or application in a business view, a
dashboard of reports appear in the Content Pane.
The Content pane also includes a Reports drop-down list that allows you to
view available reports for the selected folder, host, or application.
Menu bar
Use the Menu bar to view and access the following information.
User ID: When you are logged in, your user ID appears to the right of User.
Online Help: To view the Hitachi Command Director online help, click Help.
License violation: The license violation notification appears when the
license expires or the data exceeds the licensed capacity.
Logging out
For security reasons, log out when you have finished using the Hitachi
Command Director.
To log out of HCmD, click Logout on the Menu bar.
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Quick access to your application status
and storage health
This module introduces the HCmD dashboard, which includes reports that
determine the status or health of your applications, enterprise storage
components, and datastores in your enterprise.
Dashboard reports
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SLO violation
OK (green)
Borderline (yellow)
Missed (red)
Unmonitored (gray)
Not applicable. This application has not been assigned any SLO,
and is therefore not monitored.
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Datastore health
The HCmD dashboard provides all information you need to monitor the
health of datastores in the discovered hosts such as Hitachi Highperformance NAS Platform (HNAS), Hyper-V servers, and VMware servers
in your environment.
The dashboard provides you with an insight into storage allocation, usage,
consumption details of each of these datastores. It also provides you with
the current snapshot of your enterprise wide Hitachi Dynamic Provisioning
(HDP) pool capacity and its usage.
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3. Click OK.
Dashboard reports
This module describes the various reports available on the Hitachi
Command Director dashboard.
Applications with most SLO misses in the past 24 hours on page 2-7
Total IOPS
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The report displays the total number of monitored applications that missed
either of the SLOs. For example, if Application A missed the Average
Response Time SLO, Application B missed the Total IOPS SLO, and
Application C missed both SLOs, the total number of applications with SLO
misses is 3.
To view more details about the applications with SLO misses, view the
Response Time SLO Status and IOPS SLO Status reports displayed on the
dashboard.
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Avg. Response Time (in ms): Weighted Average Response Time of all
storage systems based on Total IO count. A high response time indicates
potential latency problem on some storage systems.
Total IOPS: The total number of IO operations per second across all
Storage Systems in your environment.
Total DTR: Total data transfer rate (MB/s) for all storage systems in your
environment.
Avg. Read Hit (in percentage): Average Read Hit % for all storage
systems based on their read IO counts. A high read hit % is optimal;
Read hit % under a certain value can indicate storage performance
issues.
To view further details about any metric on the report, click the number link
against each monitored metric.
Review these reports described in Storage system performance detailed
reports on page 2-12.
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The Volume bar indicates the total capacity of all the volumes carved out
from the Parity Group usable capacity. It further shows the breakdown of
allocated, unallocated, and reserved capacity. This information helps you
determine how much of the Parity Group capacity has been allocated and
unallocated to hosts.
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You can use the following information displayed alongside the chart to
compare Demand capacity against Free capacity to identify a potential risk
of running out of storage capacity:
Demand: Indicates the total capacity the user has specified for use. This
value is derived by subtracting the Subscription allocated capacity value
from the Used allocated capacity value.
Free: Indicates the actual available pool capacity. This value is derived
by subtracting the Total Pool capacity from Total used capacity.
Busy %: The average file system load percentage on the HNAS CPU.
IOPS: The total number of IO operations per second for the file system.
DTR: The total Data Transfer Rate (DTR) for the file system.
You can use the information displayed in the report to identify busy HNAS
nodes and check if you can offload some tasks to less busy HNAS nodes, or
perform effective load balancing of these nodes.
You can view detailed reports about HNAS nodes by selecting these nodes
in the File Servers business view and displaying the available HNAS reports
in the Resources tab.
To view HNAS reports, see HNAS host reports on page 6-6.
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Disk: Total disk capacity that has been allocated to the HNAS systems.
You can use the information displayed in the report to analyze the amount
of HNAS resources in your environment.
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Hover over the various bars to view the absolute CLPR % value and storage
system details.
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Managing resources
This module describes how to manage your resources efficiently and
configure applications for HCmD usage.
About applications
Configuring applications
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About applications
An application in Hitachi Command Director (HCmD) is a representation of
an actual application running on a host. It can have the following structure:
1. Application: It represents groups of volumes used by an actual
application, which can be an application in your business environment
such as a payroll application in your division or a marketing website. An
application can be defined by volumes that belong to a Host Group or by
storage consumed by a physical host discovered by the HCmD agentless
host collector.
2. Sub-application: A subset of storage volumes that belong to an
application. By default, every application in Hitachi Command Director
has at least one sub-application which also has a default SLO profile and
default Monitoring window assigned to it. Multiple sub-applications can
be created for each application to define different SLO profiles against
different parts (or sub-applications) of the application. For example, an
Oracle database sub-application that requires better response time SLO
than the log sub-application that requires more serial read/write and
therefore requires less response time SLO for the same Oracle
application.
Application elements
An application can include the following elements:
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SLO notifications: HCmD sends email alerts when missed and borderline
Service Level Objective (SLO) violations occur during the monitoring
window. SLO violation alerts can be sent to anyone, who is configured to
receive the notification for a given application and are not limited to
Command Director user accounts.
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Description
Recommendation
Logical Group
Host
LUN Owner
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Impact
Logical Group
Configuring applications
This module describes how to configure applications for HCmD usage.
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Application notes
Note the following:
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The email will be sent to all email recipients added to the Notify list
for the application.
6. Assign storage to the application.
a. Under Assigned Storage, click Edit.
b. Click the Host or LUN Owner radio button.
For Host, review the host details and select a host to assign its
storage to the application. You can assign storage on any available
hosts of different OS types to the application.
For LUN Owner, select the LUN Owner and review the host groups
available for the storage system you want to assign to the
application. You can assign multiple LUN Owners to the application.
c. When you are done assigning storage, click Done.
The storage allocation you made to the current application is listed.
Review the list . If you decide to remove the storage allocation for
your application, click Delete in the row that lists your application.
7. Create a new sub-application and assign SLO.
a. Under Resource Mapping, click Add Sub-Application against
Assign SLO.
b.
c.
d.
e.
A new row is added for this component. For every new application, a
sub-application is created by default and is assigned a default SLO
profile. You cannot modify this default profile.
In the Sub-Application column, type the name for the subapplication not exceeding 256 characters.
From the SLO drop-down menu, select an SLO profile you want to
assign to this sub-application. By default, a default SLO Profile is
assigned to the Default sub-application and any new sub-applications
you create. Then, click Add SLO Profile.
From the Monitoring window drop-down menu, select a monitoring
window to specify when the application is monitored for SLO
compliance.
Assign sub-applications to storage volumes to monitor them
separately.
The Sub-Applications pane displays the storage allocations you have
made so far for the application and assigns the default subapplication initially to each storage allocation.
f.
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Applications created from the Device Manager Logical Group acquire the
Logical Group names as set in the Device Manager.
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b. Click the check box against the tags you want to assign to your
application.
c. When you are done selecting the tags, click Done.
The tags you have selected are displayed in the Tags list.
4. Click OK.
After the tags are assigned, the application will appear in various business
views of categories that includes these tags.
Modifying applications
For applications created automatically or manually in HCmD, you can
rename them, or modify user notification list for SLO violations, application
storage, or SLO assignment.
However, for the Logical Group applications created automatically by HCmD,
you can perform all modifications except renaming the application and
modifying storage assignments.
To modify an application:
1. From the Resources tab, select the view that includes the application you
want to modify.
Select the Logical Group business view or the All Applications
view for Logical Group applications.
Select the All Applications view for all untagged applications that
were automatically created based on the auto-create application
option you chose.
Select a custom business view for applications tagged to a specific
category.
2. Select the application, right-click, and select Manage <Application
name>.
The Manage Application window appears.
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b. Click the check box against the email addresses of the users you
want to notify.
c. When you are done selecting the email addresses, click Done.
The email will be sent to all email recipients added to the Notify list
for the application.
6. Assign new storage to an application or modify an existing storage
assignment.
For applications created automatically from LUN Owners or discovered
hosts, the Assigned Storage pane displays the storage information
associated with the application.
Note: Skip this step for Logical Group applications. The Logical Group
applications imported from Device Manager come with storage
assignment you cannot modify.
a. Under Assigned Storage, click Edit.
b. Click the Host or LUN Owner radio button.
For Host, review the host details and select a host to assign its
storage to the application. You can assign storage on any available
hosts of different OS types to the application.
For LUN Owner, select the LUN Owner and review the host groups
available for the storage system you want to assign to the
application. You can assign multiple LUN Owners to the application.
c. When you are done assigning storage, click Done.
The storage allocation you made to the current application is listed.
Review the list . If you decide to remove the storage allocation for
your application, click Delete in the row that lists your application.
7. Create a new sub-application and assign SLO, or modify an existing subapplication or SLO assignment.
a. Under Resource Mapping, click Add Sub-application against
Assign SLO.
b.
c.
d.
e.
A new row is added for this component. For every new application, a
sub-application is created by default and is assigned a default SLO
profile. You cannot modify or delete this default profile.
In the Sub-application column, type the name for the new subapplication not exceeding 256 characters. To modify the subapplication information, click the Edit icon. To delete the subapplication, click the Delete icon.
From the SLO drop-down menu, select an SLO profile you want to
assign to this sub-application. By default, a default SLO Profile is
assigned to the Default sub-application and any new sub-applications
you create. Then, click Add SLO Profile.
From the Monitoring window drop-down menu, select a monitoring
window to specify when the application is monitored for SLO
compliance.
Assign sub-applications to storage volumes to monitor them
separately.
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f.
Deleting applications
In HCmD, you can delete applications:
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10.In the Resources tab, review the business view that is created
automatically for the new tag category you have created.
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Hosts view
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Untagged applications
For an application to appear in a business view it must be tagged with at
least one tag category defined in the business view definition. The
categories for which the application is not tagged will show up under the All
Applications view.
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HCmD treats Logical groups that have paths assigned like an application
and all reports for applications are also directly available for these Logical
Groups. You can use this view as an easy way to assign SLOs directly to the
Logical Groups without having to create the application in HCmD and assign
storage to it.
You can access the Logical Group view from the Business Views drop-down
menu in the Resources tab. This view is created automatically and available
only when you configure Storage System Collectors and select the Logical
Group auto create application option available in Administration tab >
General Settings.
The following is an example of folders in a Logical Group view:
Hosts view
The Hosts view allows you to view the hosts successfully discovered by the
Host Collectors.
Note the Host Group information is not included in the Hosts view
information.
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You can access the Hosts view from the Business Views drop-down menu in
the Resources tab.
The following is an example of folders in a Hosts view:
Linux
Windows
Solaris
HP-UX
AIX
VMware
ESX
Data Stores
Hyper-V
All VMware host instances are listed under their respective OS folder. ESX
servers and Data Stores servers are listed under the VMware folder.
When a new host is discovered, the Hosts view displays the new host. After
every data refresh, volumes added to or removed from a host are
automatically updated in the host-to-its-volume mapping.
Note: If the host has devices that are not connected to volumes from a
storage system (for example, when the volumes are unprovisioned for the
host), HCmD will not display such devices.
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You can access the File Servers view from the Business Views drop-down
menu in the Resources tab.
The following is an example of the HNAS tree in the File Servers view:
Nodes
File Systems
Pools
File Systems
Pools
Expand each of those nodes for information and access to each of those
HNAS elements. Single node clusters do not have any nodes folder.
HNAS Nodes: If a cluster node fails, its file services and administration
functions are transferred to other nodes.
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Storage Pools: Storage Pools are logical containers for a collection of one
or more system drives. Storage pools that can be expanded as additional
system drives are created in the storage system. By default, one file
system is allowed on a storage pool. With appropriate licenses, more
than one file system could be created on a storage pool.
System Drives: Basic logical storage element used by the HNAS server.
Physical Disk Drives: These are the volumes on the storage system.
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You cannot add, modify, and assign storage to the imported applications.
For the built-in business views such as the Hosts view, File Servers view,
and All Applications view, you cannot create or modify them.
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Monitoring applications
This module describes how to monitor applications using storage Service
Level Objectives (SLOs).
SLO overview
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SLO overview
A Service Level Objective (SLO) is a performance or configuration metric of
storage volume or other storage system element with defined threshold
values. Two distinct threshold values are defined for each SLO - one to
identify the missed condition and the other to identify the borderline
condition.
Hitachi Command Director (HCmD) offers two categories of SLOs:
Application SLO
Type of SLO that is measured on volumes that are assigned to the
application. Two metrics are supported - Response Time and IOPS. You
can create multiple SLOs for a given SLO type by assigning different
threshold values.
SLO profile
A Service Level Objective (SLO) profile is a group of SLOs (threshold values)
that define a service tier and is used to track service level of an application.
When you assign an SLO profile to an application, you are configuring HCmD
to monitor that application against all the SLOs contained in the SLO profile.
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Email alerts
You can send email alerts when borderline or missed SLO violations occur
during their monitoring window. SLO violation alerts can be sent to anyone
and are not limited to HCmD user accounts.
Monitoring window
A monitoring window is the set of time periods when the Service Level
Objectives (SLOs) in the assigned SLO Profile are monitored. A monitoring
window can contain multiple time periods and reflects your organizations
activity schedule.
Total IOPS: The Total IOPS SLO monitors an applications total I/O
operations per second when reading from a volume or writing to a
volume.
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(Total physical
DP Pool Risk Ratio: Monitors the DP pool risk ratio for each DP pool in
the system. The DP Pool risk ratio is calculated as:
(Total DP pool provisioned capacity) - (Total consumed
capacity) / (Total free capacity of DP Pool)
Host File System Used %: Monitors the percentage of the used capacity
in the host file system.
Parity Group Busy %: Monitors the storage systems parity group read
and write activity.
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(Total physical
DP Pool Risk Ratio: Monitors the DP pool risk ratio for each DP pool
in the system. The DP Pool risk ratio is calculated as:
(Total DP pool provisioned capacity) - (Total consumed
capacity) / (Total free capacity)
Host File System Used %: Monitors the percentage of the used
capacity in the host file system.
4. When you have finished, click Save.
An SLO profile cannot contain more than one SLO of the same type.
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An SLO profile cannot contain SLOs of the same type. For example, it
cannot have two Average Response Time SLOs.
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3. View detailed SLO profile information. Select the SLO profile whose
details you want to view.
The SLO types assigned to the profile are displayed in the Detail tab and
includes the following information:
Type: The SLOs associated with the profile. For example, Average
Storage Response Time.
Borderline Threshold: The threshold that triggers a warning violation
when the Warning threshold exceeds the set value.
Miss Threshold: The threshold that triggers a miss violation when the
error threshold exceeds the set value.
4. View assigned applications. To view which application the SLO profiles
are assigned to, select the SLO profile whose assignments you want to
view. Then, click the Used By tab.
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Summary pane
Displays a summary about the SLO miss for the sub-application, and for the
selected time period.
SLO Status: Displays if the SLO status has been met for the investigation
time.
Storage System: The model and serial number of the storage system.
All Ports IOPS: Total IOPS for all the ports in the storage system.
App Ports IOPS: Total IOPS for the storage system ports the application
is using.
App IOPS: Total IOPS for all the volumes mapped to the sub-application.
App vs. All Ports: The ratio of sub-application IOPS against the storage
system IOPS.
App vs. App Ports: The ratio of sub-application IOPS to application port
IOPS.
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Storage System: The model and serial number of the storage system.
All Ports DTR: Total DTR for all the ports in the storage system.
App Ports DTR: Total DTR for the storage system ports the application is
using.
App DTR: Total DTR for all the volumes mapped to the sub-application.
App vs. All Ports: The ratio of sub-application DTR against the storage
system DTR.
App vs. App Ports: The ratio of sub-application DTR to application port
DTR.
Connected Ports
This report lists a set of ports connected to the application. Looking at the
performance of these connected ports may indicate a potential cause of the
sub-application SLO miss.
You can utilize this report to quickly determine if a particular connected port
is oversaturated that may have caused the SLO miss/violation. If there are
multiple ports you can also determine if there are any workload imbalance
among ports, for example one port is much more busier than others.
The report includes the following information:
Storage System: The model and serial number of the storage system.
Volume List
This report lists a set of volumes associated with the sub-application.
Looking at the performance of these volumes may indicate a potential cause
of the sub-application SLO miss.
Use this report to quickly identify the volumes that are causing the SLO
miss/violation. You can also check the Storage Tier that includes this to
determine if the tier might be the cause for SLO violation. For example, if
the volume is on a SATA tier which is a lower storage tier and it is not
performing well, you may want to consider promoting this volume to a
higher storage tier.
The report includes the following information:
Storage System: The model and serial number of the storage system.
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Monitoring windows can only be removed when they are not used by an
SLO profile.
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10.Click OK.
You can add multiple schedules to the same monitoring window.
11.To remove schedules, select the check box next to the schedule you are
removing, and click Remove.
Note that you are not deleting the monitoring window; you are only
removing the time period that has been assigned.
12.When you have finished, click OK.
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Reporting on applications
This module provides information about application reports available in
HCmD.
Application reports
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Application reports
Application reports are available for a selected application or for all
applications within a folder (folder level) in the business view.
HCmD provides you with a set of predefined standard reports for
applications or application folder. You can modify the report definitions of
standard reports and save them as new reports.
The following table lists the standard application reports that are available
when you select an application or application folder in the business view:
Report name
Description
Summary
SLO Status
SLO Details
IO Utilization Trend
Total applications
Application List
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Available for
application,
application folder,
or both
Application
Application folder
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Report name
Description
Available for
application,
application folder,
or both
Both
Set of reports that track storage system and host
resource utilization.
See Storage system & host SLOs report on page 5-17.
Storage System
Performance
Storage Allocation
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The report displays an SLO band that provides a historical trend of SLO
status over the past 24 hours. Visual indicators such as the red, yellow, and
green bars indicate the time period when the application was monitored and
its SLO status. The gray bar indicates the time when the application was
unmonitored.
It also indicates the percentage of time when the application was in
conformance with the monitored SLO in the past 24 hours.
IOPS: Total I/O operations per second when reading from a volume or
writing to a volume.
DTR: Total data transfer rate (in MBps) when reading from a volume or
writing to a volume.
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Missed or Borderline links in the Response Time SLO Status report on the
dashboard.
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IOPS: The current I/O operations per second for the sub-application.
Missed RT Threshold: Indicates the value (in percentage) the subapplication has exceeded the Miss Response Time SLO threshold.
This metric is only displayed when you select the Missed link in the
Response Time SLO Status report on the dashboard.
Borderline RT Threshold: Indicates the value (in percentage) the subapplication has exceeded the Borderline Response Time SLO threshold.
This metric is displayed when you select the Borderline link in the
Response Time SLO Status report on the dashboard.
Missed IOPS Threshold: Indicates the value (in percentage) the subapplication has exceeded the I/O operations per second threshold.
This metric is only displayed when you select the Missed link in the IOPS
SLO Status report on the dashboard.
Borderline IOPS Threshold: Indicates the value (in percentage) the subapplication has exceeded the Borderline I/O operations per second SLO
threshold value.
This metric is only displayed when you select the Borderline link in the
IOPS SLO Status report on the dashboard.
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Total Volumes: The total number of volumes associated with the subapplication.
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Missed IOPS Volumes: The number of volumes that have exceeded the
IOPS Miss threshold.
This metric is only displayed when you select the Missed link in the IOPS
SLO Status report on the dashboard.
Virtual: Total capacity for all virtual volumes (DP-VOLs) allocated to the
application.
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Data Transfer Rate: Total Megabytes per second (MBps) the application
is performing when reading and writing.
Read Hit %: The percentage of total read operations that are cache hits
(i.e., read operations that are accessed from the cache rather than from
the disk).
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Label (optional): The label that has been assigned to the storage disk
from the Hitachi Device Manager.
# of Paths: Displays the total number of paths for this volume. The
number displayed is a navigable link to the Storage Path report.
To review the Storage Path report, see Storage path report on page 515.
Vol Type: Displays the type of volume; for example, standard, CVS,
LUSE, DP-VOL, CoW-VOL.
Vol Role: The attributes of the volume. If the volume has multiple
attributes, they are separated with a comma.
CVS: Indicates that the volume has been created with the Custom
Volume Size (CVS) function.
LUSE: Indicates that the volume is a Logical Unit Size Expansion
(LUSE) volume.
DP-VOL: Indicates that the volume is a Dynamic Provisioning
volume.
V-VOL: Indicates that the volume is a V-volume used in
QuickShadow/Copy-on-Write Snapshot.
GUARD: Indicates that Data Retention has been set up.
External: Indicates that the volume is an external volume.
IO Suppression: Indicates that the volume is an internal volume to
which an external volume is mapped. This attribute indicates that the
host Input/Output (I/O) suppression mode is enabled.
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CLPR: Displays the CLPR (Cache Logical Partition) number with which
this volume is associated.
Array Group: The name of the array group that holds the storage disk
(volume). For DP- Volumes, this is the Hitachi Dynamic Provisioning
VDEV; for snapshot volumes, this is the Snapshot VDEV; for external
volumes, this is the External Array Group. The name is a navigable link
to the Health Array Group Detail report for this array group.
RAID Level: The volume RAID level expressed in Raid 5 format (3D+1P).
Disk Type: Provides disk space size and data link type; for example, 688
GB 7200 SATA.
Tier: Displays the name of the tiers that this volume belongs to in HTSM
tiers. The volume can be part of more than one tier. Each tier name is a
navigable link to the Tier Definition report.
To review the DP Pool Utilization report, see Tier definition report on
page 5-16.
CoW Capacity: Displays the total S-VOL capacity of type CoW (Copy on
Write). The P-VOL capacity is not included.
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DP Pool Properties
DP Pool Volumes
DP Volumes
DP Pool properties
The DP Pool Properties section lists the following properties and their
values:
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DP Pool Name: The name of the DP Pool (which is the number assigned
to this DP pool).
Storage System: The name of the storage system where this DP pool
resides.
Tier: The name of the Tier that this Pool belongs to in the Hitachi Tiered
Storage Manager (HTSM).
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Over Provisioning Ratio: Refer to the Over Provisioning Ratio SLO for its
calculation.
Risk Ratio: Refer to the Pool Risk Ratio SLO for its calculation.
Status: Displays pool status: Three types of pool status are supported:
Normal, Blocked, and Over Threshold.
DP Volumes section
The DP Volumes section provides the following information about each of
the DP-VOLs in this pool:
Tier: The name of the tier that this Pool belongs to in the Hitachi Tier
Storage Manager (HTSM).
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Port: The storage port name through which this volume is provisioned.
HBA WWN: The world wide name (WWN) of the host bus adapter (HBA)
that is using this volume.
If the volume is provisioned to multiple HBA WWNs in the same Host
Group, this report will display this information.
HDvM Host Name: The name of the host in the Hitachi Device Manager
(HDvM).
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Red: How many resources have exceeded their red threshold. This
means that the storage system performance can degrade at any time.
CLPR Number: The number of the Cache Logical Partition on the storage
system.
Red Zone (Time): The percentage of time that the resource has been
above its red utilization threshold.
Yellow Zone (Time): The percentage of time that the resource has been
above its yellow utilization threshold.
Green Zone (Time): The percentage of time that the resource has been
below its yellow utilization threshold (no violation).
DP Pool: The name (i.e., the assigned number) of the DP pool on the
Storage System.
Storage System: The Storage System that the DP pool belongs to.
Status:
Green indicates that the DP pools over-provisioning ratio is below its
SLO threshold and there is no violation.
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DP Pool: The name (i.e., the assigned number) of the DP pool on the
storage system.
Storage System: The storage system that the DP pool belongs to.
Status:
Green indicates that the DP pools risk ratio is below its SLO threshold
and there is no violation.
Yellow indicates that the DP pools risk ratio has exceeded the
warning threshold.
Red indicates that the DP pools risk ratio is in violation of the SLO
threshold.
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DP Pool: The name (i.e., the assigned number) of the DP pool on the
storage system.
Storage System: The storage system that the DP pool resides on.
Status:
Green indicates that the DP pools over-provisioning ratio is below its
SLO threshold and there is no violation.
Yellow indicates that the DP pools over-provisioning ratio has
exceeded the warning threshold.
Red indicates that the DP pools over-provisioning ratio is in violation
of the SLO threshold.
Red Zone (Time): The percentage of time that the resource has been
above its red utilization threshold.
Yellow Zone (Time): The percentage of time that the resource has been
above its yellow utilization threshold.
Green Zone (Time): The percentage of time that the resource has been
below its yellow utilization threshold (no violation).
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Storage System: The storage system that the parity group belongs to.
Red Zone (Time): The percentage of time that the resource has been
above its red utilization threshold.
Yellow Zone (Time): The percentage of time that the resource has been
above its yellow utilization threshold.
Green Zone (Time): The percentage of time that the resource has been
below its yellow utilization threshold (no violation).
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Application list
The Application List provides details about all applications within a selected
folder.
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Last Miss: Timestamp when the application was last in an SLO Miss
state. The Miss state for an application is calculated as an aggregate of
the sub-applications state.
Physical: Indicates the sum of the physical volumes associated with the
application.
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# SLO Miss: The total number of SLO misses in the past 24 hours.
Response: The response time of the application for the last available
data.
IOPS: Total application I/O operations per second (IOPS) for the last
available data.
DTR: Total Data Transfer Rate (in MB/s) of the application for the last
available data.
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Reporting on hosts
This module describes the HCmD reports on the hosts discovered by HCmD.
The storage reports are used in the context of the host/application that is
using that storage.
Host reports
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Host reports
You can view reports for the hosts successfully discovered by the Hitachi
Command Director Host Collectors, as well as the mapping information from
the host file system to the volumes on the storage system. These hosts
include Hitachi Network Attached Storage (HNAS) servers, VMware ESX
servers, and Hyper-V servers.
The HNAS host reports are available when you select any discovered HNAS
server node of interest from the File Servers view in the Resources tab. The
VMware host and Hyper-V host reports are available in the Hosts view in the
Resources tab.
The host reports available to you are:
Reports that are available when you select any host folder and/or host
application:
Storage System and Host SLOs report
Track Storage System resource utilization and monitor host SLOs.
See Storage system & host SLOs report on page 5-17.
Storage Allocation Details report
Reports on the storage volumes to which the host file systems are
mapped.
See Storage allocation details on page 5-12.
Capacity Allocation Trend report
Displays capacity allocation trend for the selected host node in the
past 90 days.
See Capacity allocation trend report on page 5-9.
Application Response Time Trend report
Provides response time breakdown over the past 24 hours.See
Application response time trend report on page 5-9.
IO Utilization Trend report
Displays the total application or host I/O operations per second
(IOPS) over a period of time.
See IO utilization trend report on page 5-10.
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FS: The name of the file system (for example, C:\). This may be blank
if the application uses a raw device.
FS Type: Type of file system (for example, FAT, NTFS, NFS). If the
application uses a raw device, this field may be blank.
Device File: The name of the physical device. The device filename can
be the NFS share name.
Vol Mgr: The name of the volume manager. If the file system is not from
Volume Manager, this field is blank.
Vol Mgr Type: Type of volume manager (for example, Veritas volume
manager, LVM, SVM).
Storage System: Displays the storage system model and serial number
(for example, USP 15050).
Vol ID: If this file system is carved from a volume, this field displays the
volume number. If this file system is carved out of a volume from the
Volume Manager, this field displays the volume name.
Vol Label: If this file system is from a volume, the volume label will be
the Device Manager volume label. If this file system is from Volume
Manager, this field is blank.
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Tier: Displays the name of the tiers that this volume belongs to in Hitachi
Tier Storage Manager (HTSM) tiers. The volume can be part of more
than one tier. Each tier name is a navigable link to the Tier Definition
report. Each tier is line-separated within the single cell.
Vol Type: Display the type of volume (for example, standard, CVS, LUSE,
DP-VOL, CoW-VOL, External).
DP Pool: If the volume is part of any DP pool, this field displays the HDP
pool name; otherwise, this field displays -. The DP Pool name is a
navigable link to the DP Pool Utilization report.
Free Capacity: If it is an ESX server, this displays the capacity free in this
disk group or data store.
Provisioned volumes
The Provisioned Volumes section of the report provides the following
information about each of the provisioned volumes:
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Storage volumes
The Storage Volumes section of the report includes the following
information about each storage volume:
Volume Type: Displays the type of volume (for example, standard, CVS,
LUSE, DP-VOL, CoW-VOL, External).
Disk Type: The size and type of disk expressed in 130GB 10K FC
format.
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Lists all the file systems under each HNAS server and its associated Pool
information.
See HNAS file system report on page 6-8.
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This report contains the following information about the selected file
system:
Read Transfer Rate (MB/s): Read transfer throughput for the file system.
Write Transfer Rate (MB/s): Write transfer throughput for the file
system.
Total IOPS: Total read and write IO per second for the file system.
FSA Load %: File system load percentage on board A of the HNAS CPU
(Titan Model only if board A is available).
FSB Load %: File system load percentage on board B of the HNAS CPU
(Titan Model only if board B is available).
FS: The name of the HNAS file system. This item is a link to the HNAS
Shares report, which lists all the shares in the selected file system.
Used: The amount of storage currently being used by the file system.
Pool: The name of the HNAS Storage Pool. The Pool name is a link to the
HNAS Pool Details report.
View HNAS Pool Details report in HNAS pool details report on page 6-9.
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EVS: The name of the Exchange Virtual Server (EVS) from which this file
system is hosted.
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Volumes tab
The Volumes tab lists all the volumes that are part of the selected pool.
Note: The volume information in this report is limited because HCmD
does not gather information on AMS/WMS storage and the volume
information in this report is gathered from the HNAS server itself.
The HNAS Pool Details report provides the following information about each
volume in the pool:
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This report displays a line chart showing data transfer received and sent
through Ethernet and FC for the past 24 hours.
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Which VMs (i.e., virtual machine guest operating systems) are running
on that Hyper-V Server.
Hyper-V Server: Name of the Hyper-V server. Available only when run
from the Hyper-V folder node.
Free %: The percentage of free space for the allocated capacity of the
VM instance from the selected Hyper-V server. This data will be available
only when the Host Data collection is complete on this VM instance;
otherwise this value is displayed as a dash (-).
Free: Free capacity of the allocated capacity of the VM instance from the
selected Hyper-V server. This data will be available only when the Host
Data collection is complete on this VM instance; otherwise this value is
displayed as a dash (-).
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VMDK Capacity: The total storage capacity (in GBs) of the VMDK.
Datastore: The name of the datastore where this VMDK was created.
VM MAC Address: MAC address of the VM. If there are multiple MAC
addresses, they are separated by commas.
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Report Gallery
This module describes how to access and use information obtained from the
report gallery.
Accessing reports
Using reports
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Performance: Includes reports that provide insight into your enterprisewide storage performance to help you gain an overall understanding of
potential storage problems that may arise over time.
Storage port workload on page 7-7
HDP Pool storage performance on page 7-7
Top 20 busiest storage system ports on page 7-8
Top 20 busiest parity groups on page 7-9
Top 20 busiest volumes on page 7-9
Application SLO conformance on page 7-10
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Total Parity Group Free: Total free space that includes both internal and
external free capacity.
Pool Capacity: Total HDP, HDT pool capacity for the storage system.
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Free: Total HDP, HDT pool free capacity for the storage system.
# HDT Pools: Total number of HDP pools that are HDT enabled.
system>
Click the Serial link in the HDP, HDT Capacity by Storage Systems report to
view the storage capacity by HDP pool details for a specific storage system.
The following information is displayed:
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Allocated: The capacity of HDP volumes that have at least one path.
# Pool Tiers: Total number of tiers on this pool. Applicable only for VSP
pools. For other models, this field is not applicable and displays a -
(hyphen).
Tier Management: Auto or Manual for VSP pools. For other models, this
field is not applicable and displays a - (hyphen).
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Click the Pool ID link in the Storage Capacity by HDP, HDT Pool for Storage
System report to view a bar char that displays the DP volumes capacity
trend for the past 30 days.
The bar chart reports the following:
Used: If the Storage system is not a VSP, or is a VSP with tier control
disabled then this report will display HDP Pool consumed capacity.
Free: If the Storage system is not a VSP, or is a VSP with tier control
disabled then this report will display HDP Pool free capacity.
Allocated: Total DP volume capacity of the pool that has at least one
path.
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#DP Volumes: Number of DP volumes from this pool that are associated
with the application.
Allocated: Total capacity of all DP volumes that have at least one path
and are associated with the application.
Used: The consumed capacity of all DP volumes that are associated with
the application.
Tags: Tags assigned to the application. Tag type names are separated by
a semi-colon and each tag name associated to the tag type is separated
by a comma.
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Role: The role of the port such as target and RCU target ports.
Fan Out: Total number of unique WWNs on HSD for each storage.
DTR: Sum of port total read data transfer rate and write data transfer
rate.
Total IOPS: Total IOPS (sum of Read IOPS and Write IOPS) for all DP
volumes in the pool.
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Response Time: The weighted average response time for all DP volumes
in the pool.
Read IOPS: The average read IOPS for all DP volumes in the pool.
Read Response Time: The read response time for all DP volumes in the
pool.
Read Hit %: The weighted read hit % for all DP volumes in the pool.
Write IOPS: The write IOPS for all DP volumes in the pool.
Write Response Time: The write response time for all DP volumes in the
pool.
Total DTR: Total throughput (DTR) for all DP volumes in the pool
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Role: The role of the port such as target and RCU target ports.
IOPS: Total IOPS (Read IOPS and Write IOPS) for the storage port.
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IOPS: Total IOPS (Read IOPS and Write IOPS) for the storage system
port.
Avg Response Time: The weighted average response time across all
volumes in the application.
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You can access this report from the Performance category in the report
gallery.
This report displays the following information:
Avg Response Time: The weighted average response time for the
volume.
Read Response Time: The read response time for the volume.
Write Response Time: The write response time for the volume.
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You can access this report from the Storage Economics category in the
report gallery.
This report displays the following information:
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file systems with physical volumes that are under utilized, so that you
can move the physical storage to virtual storage to optimize utilization
and performance of available storage. Storage virtualization eliminates
the overprovisioning of physical storage, in which storage capacity is
allocated to individual hosts but remains unused. With storage
virtualization, existing unused storage can be reclaimed and reused.
file systems that are provisioned across multiple tiers, so that you can
realign these file systems to a single tier to obtain optimal performance.
You can access this report from the Asset & Inventory category in the
report gallery.
This report displays the following information:
Storage Type: The type of storage associated with the host. The storage
types can be DAS (Direct Attached Storage), NAS (Network Attached
Storage), or SAN (Storage Area Network).
Used: Used capacity of the underlying volumes associated with the file
system.
Free: Free capacity of the underlying volumes associated with the file
system.
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Tier: The name of the tiers that this volume belongs to in the Hitachi Tier
Storage Manager (HTSM) tiers. If the underlying volumes are
provisioned across tiers, then this field will display multi. For volumes
provisioned to a single tier, the name of the tier is displayed.
If the Storage System Collector is not configured to obtain tier
information from HTSM, this field will display - (hyphen).
SAN Capacity: Total capacity allocated from the storage system to host.
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Tier: The name of the tier whose member volume(s) are also member(s)
of the application. This column displays a - (hyphen) if this
application's member volumes are not associated to any tier.
Tags: Tags assigned to the application. Tag type names are separated by
a semi-colon and each tag name associated to the tag type is separated
by a comma.
Note: The applications that are not assigned to a tier are displayed in
a separate row in the report with the tier value displayed as a -
(hyphen).
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Pool: The HDP, HDT pool whose DP volumes are member volumes of the
application.
Tags: Tags assigned to the application. Tag type names are separated by
a semi-colon and each tag name associated to the tag type is separated
by a comma.
Accessing reports
You can view the standard and saved reports available from the report
gallery, and the application, application folder, and host reports from the
Resources tab.
To access reports from the report gallery:
1. Click the Reports tab.
The report gallery view is displayed.
2. From the report gallery, click one of the following tabs:
Standard Reports: Reports on the overall heath of the system or
provide insight into your storage environment. These are systemgenerated and provided by default.
Saved Reports: Customizable report folder to include your most
frequently accessed reports.
You modify any standard report and save the modifications in a new
report under a folder you specify. Those reports appear under this
tab.
3. From the Standard report type, select a category and click a report link
to view.
Choose from one of the following categories:
Utilization
Performance
Storage Economics
Asset and Inventory
Chargeback
4. After you select the category and click a report to view, you can:
Refresh your view of the report
Schedule a report
Export a report
Save copy of the report
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Using reports
After you access your report of interest you can view the following buttons
on the report viewer:
Scheduling a report
You can automatically generate and send reports by email by scheduling
and specifying the report format.
To schedule and email reports:
1. Select and click Schedule.
The Schedule Report options appear.
2. Enter the report name in the Report Name field.
3. On the Recipient(s) list, select the users whom you are sending the
reports to.
If you want to send the report to users who are not in HCmD and do not
appear on this list, add their email addresses, one at a time, in the
Recipient Email(s) field, and then click Add.
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Exporting a report
You can select to export a report of interest in either Excel or XML formats.
To export a report:
1. Click Export.
2. Select either Excel or XML format.
3. Click Export to export the file.
Saving a report
You can select to save a report of interest.
To save a report:
1. Click Save Copy.
2. Enter the name of the copy in the Save Report As field.
3. In the Save In field, enter one of the following:
Save in New Folder: enter name of the folder.
User Folder: use existing folder.
Editing a report
You can select to edit a report of interest.
To edit reports:
1. Click Edit Report on the report screen.
2.
Do any of the following. Note that some options are not available for
every report.
To change how the information is grouped:
Click Aggregate By, select how you want the information organized,
and then click Apply.
To hide information:
Click Display, clear the check boxes next to the columns that you
want to hide, and then click Apply.
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To show information:
Click Display, select the check boxes next to the columns that you
want to show, and then click Apply.
3. When you have finished, click Done.
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Administering HCmD
This module describes how storage administrators can perform
administration tasks in Hitachi Command Director.
Managing licenses
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Managing licenses and updating the license key when you purchase
HCmD or additional data collector licenses.
Discovering host information. You can use the Host Collector feature to
configure Host Collectors and discover the hosts and their connectivity
to the subsystem storage arrays.
Managing SLO profiles that group Service Level Objectives (SLOs) and
set the thresholds against which applications are monitored.
Specifying the address and login details of your Simple Mail Transfer
Protocol (SMTP) server.
Managing licenses
This module provides information about managing licenses and updating
the license key when you purchase Hitachi Command Director.
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License types
The license key you receive from Hitachi Data Systems can be any of the
following types:
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Licensed Capacity: The storage capacity you can use with the
product without exceeding the license limit.
Expiration Date: When you must renew or upgrade your license.
4. Under License Server Configuration, modify the appropriate
information:
For License Server:
IP Address: The IP address or name of the server where the License
Server is installed.
Port: The license server port, default is 25035.
For Device Manager:
User ID: The Device Manager instance user account used by the
License Server. The user ID is always system (you cannot change
it).
Password: The password of the system user account in the Device
Manager instance used by the License Server.
HTTP/HTTPS (Web) Server Port: The Device Manager HTTP or
HTTPS port. The default port is 2001 for HTTP and 2443 for HTTPS.
SSL: Enable or disable SSL communication between the Command
Director server and Device Manager server.
Note: If you want to enable SSL, make sure SSL is enabled on the
Device Manager server before you select the SSL checkbox. For
more information about enabling SSL on the Device Manager server,
see Hitachi Command Suite Software Configuration Reference
Guide.
5. Under Enter License, in the Key field, enter the Hitachi Command
Director license key.
6. When you have finished, click OK.
7. Confirm the license is successfully updated by viewing the displayed
message.
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Windows
Hyper-V
Linux
Solaris
HP-UX
AIX
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HNAS
For information about the hosts and their versions supported by HCmD, see
Appendix A, Host Collector Support Matrix, in the Hitachi Command
Director Installation and Configuration Guide.
Removes the need for manual installation and upgrades of agents on the
target servers.
All data gathering operations are done within the allowed security
framework. There is no hacking, no malware, and no Rootkits deployed.
For Host Data Collection on the vCenter Server, an account with read
permission is required.
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Install and start a Host Collector on a host from that subnet, which is
also visible to HCmD Servers subnet. See the Installing the Host
Collector Server on Other Subnets section in Chapter 2 of the Hitachi
Command Director Installation and Configuration Guide.
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3. In the Host Collectors window, select the Host Collector you want to
launch.
4. In the Action column, click the Launch icon (
).
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).
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ESX tab: Displays information about each of the ESX hosts discovered
using vCenter Server.
The information displayed in this tab is described in Viewing information
about discovered ESX hosts on page 8-16.
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Item
Description
Name
IP Address
OS
Last Operation
Last Execution
The local date and time of when the most recent Host
Collector operation was executed on the HCmD
Server.
Message
Host Collector
Action
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Description
IP Address
OS Details
vCenter
Last Operation
Last Execution
Message
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Description
SMU
Cluster
Node (s)
Collect Performance
Status
(
): Indicates that the HNAS Data Collector is
collecting performance data.
(
): Indicates that the HNAS Data Collector is
not collecting performance data.
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Setting
Linux, Solaris,
HP-UX, AIX
820
Description
User ID
Password
Sudo
SSH Port
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Windows
HNAS SMU
Setting
Description
User ID
Password
Windows
Service
User ID
Password
SSH Port
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Deleting hosts
Delete hosts only when you want to stop collecting data from this
discovered host.
If you only want to temporarily stop data collection, disable the appropriate
host by clicking OFF in the Action column.
To delete hosts:
1. Click the Administration tab.
2. Under Data Collection, click Hosts.
3. Select the check box next to the host you are deleting, then click
Delete.
4. In the Confirmation dialog box, verify that you are deleting the
appropriate host, then click Yes.
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You can view Storage System Collector information from Device Manager,
Tiered Storage Manager, and Tuning Manager by collector (collector view),
storage system (subsystems view), and activity (history log).
To generate relevant reports, configure your data collection appropriately.
Storage System Collectors can be added, modified, removed, and
temporarily disabled. You must configure a Storage System Collector for
every Device Manager and Tuning Manager instance you want to collect data
from.
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Description
Name
Type
IP Address
Port
Last Operation
Last Execution
Action
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Description
Storage System
Total Capacity
# Volumes
Last Execution
The local date and time of the HCmD Server when the
data was last retrieved.
Description
Storage Domains
Storage System
# Tiers
Last Execution
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Setting
Description
IP Address
Name
Port
SSL
User ID
Password
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HTnM Data
Collector
HTSM
Setting
Description
IP Address
Name
Port
HCmD Server IP
Address
Password
IP Address
Name
Port
User ID
Password
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Setting
Description
Name
Port
User ID
Password
Name
Port
HCmD Server IP
Address
Password
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HTSM
Setting
Description
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User ID
Password
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Storage System: The model and serial number of the storage system
(storage array).
Start: The date and time when the selected Storage System Collector
began to be scanned or gathered.
Status: Whether the last attempt to scan or gather data was successful.
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After Storage System Collectors are disabled, you can enable them again
and resume collecting data using the steps that follow.
Note that disabling collectors does not delete them.
To enable/disable specific Storage System Collectors:
1. Click the Administration tab.
2.
)appears
) appears
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User details
Hitachi Command Director (HCmD) utilizes the user accounts and
passwords of the Hitachi Device Manager instance where you installed the
License Server.
Note: All HCmD users are assigned an Admin role; Modify and View user
roles are not supported at this time.
A-Z
a-z
0-9
!#$%&'()*+-.=@\^_|
A-Z
a-z
0-9
#+-_.@
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Inactive icon (
HCmD (inactive).
838
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A
Using Host Collector in a secure
environment
This module includes:
Connection Protocols
Network impact
A1
OS
Authorization method
UNIX
Ping
SSH/SCP (port 22)
A root password
Root access indicates that the user is root only and does not belong to
user group root.
No root access indicates that the user is non-root and belongs to the root
users group.
A2
Device File Path Information: Device name, vendor ID, product ID, RAID
information, HBA PortWWN, HBA NodeWWN, storage data
As a security precaution in some data centers, port settings may have been
changed from their default values and certain services may be disabled. The
Host Collector cannot support all configuration customizations.
In such cases, the Host Collector attempts to record whatever it encounters
and provides feedback about these obstacles. It is also possible to configure
the Host Collector to use specific non-default values for each port or service
at a server level.
There are fundamentally only two services required by the Host Collector;
one during initial discovery and one for its analysisping and SNMP.
A3
SNMP
The first protocol the Host Collector tries is SNMP (Simple Network
Management Protocol) on port 161. SNMP was designed to exchange device
characteristics over Ethernet. The identity of the device is the most
fundamental information provided by an active SNMP agent. SNMP agents
often provide a wealth of additional data about a systems component
hardware and software.
Telnet
Not all devices have an SNMP agent, and even if it is present, it may not be
active or configured properly. In such cases, the Host Collector next tries to
initiate a Telnet session on port 23. If the target device has the Telnet
service enabled, it responds first with a Telnet Header that contains the
required system identifier. Once this is obtained, the Host Collector cancels
the Telnet connection.
Connection Protocols
The Host Collector does not rely on any installed agents on the targets;
therefore, it must have a method of connecting to these servers. The
connection services are different for UNIX and Windows.
A4
Ping
Network impact
The Host Collector has two broad methods of probing and reporting metrics
from target servers. SNMP is the simpler of the two, and only requires
interaction with the SNMP daemon present on the target and only uses
SNMP GET operations.
The second type involves the remote invocation and execution of a Data
Gather routine on the target server. The appropriate routines are
automatically copied from the Host Collector host to the targets. These
routines perform a one-time collection of the system information and then
disappear from the targets as seamlessly as they had arrived.
Since it is the executionwith administrative permissionof these scripts
that causes network security concerns, this section addresses only this
aspect. The following statistics are average values for a typical Class C
network.
Performance impact
The performance impact of the Host Collector takes place in two areas: host
discovery and the data gathering process.
The following tables summarize the Host Collectors performance impact:
Metric
Total Duration
Value
10 minutes
Network Traffic
Average
Peak
0.01%
Peak
0.1%
Metric
Total Duration
Value
20 minutes
Network Traffic
Average
Peak
0.12%
Peak
0.7%
A5
A6
B
Setting up configuration gathering
operation using sudo
This module describes the setup required on a target Linux, Solaris, AIX or
HP-UX host to allow for a configuration gathering operation using sudo.
B1
ifconfig
ndd
vxdctl
cat
ioctl
pkginfo
vxdg
devinfo
iscsiadm
powermt
vxdisk
df
labelit
prtvtoc
vxprint
echo
ls
sed
zfs
egrep
metaset
sharetab
zpool
format
metastat
uname
grep
mii-tool
vxdct
HP-UX
B2
awk
exportfs
lvdisplay
cat
grep
sed
df
ioscan
swlist
diskinfo
lanscan
uname
vgdisplay
AIX
awk
lsattr
lspv
svmon
cat
lsdev
lsvg
sed
df
lsfs
netstat
uname
grep
lslv
oslevel
Linux
awk
fdisk
lvdisplay
sed
cat
iconfig
lvscan
vgdisplay
chmod
iscsiadm
pvdisplay
vgs
df
ls
pvs
vxdct
e2label
lsdev
rpm
vxdisk
egrep
lsscsi
sort
grep
lvm
uname
ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:/tmp/FsDataGatherLauncher.Unix.sh
B3
B4
Glossary
This glossary defines some terms used in this document. Click a letter at the
bottom of a page to display the terms that start with that letter.
A
alert
An event that is generated when an SLO is violated. You can also set up
email notifications with the event details.
allocated volume
A logical device (LDEV) for which one or more host paths are defined.
application
In Hitachi Command Director, applications represent groups of storage
volumes used by an actual application. An application can be defined by
LDEVs belonging to a Host Group or by storage consumed by a physical
host discovered by the HCmD agentless Host Collector.
sub-application
A sub-application is a subset of storage volumes that belong to an
application. By default, every application in Hitachi Command Director
has at least one sub-application. Multiple sub-applications can be
created for each application to define different SLO profiles against
different parts of the application. For example, an Oracle Database subapplication has very different performance SLO from the Log Application
sub-application.
array group
A set of hard disk drives in a storage system (storage array) that have
the same capacity and are treated as one RAID unit. An array group
contains user data and parity information, which ensures user data
integrity in the event of a disk drive failure in the array group.
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B
BPS
A folder hierarchy of hosts, applications, and other folders organized for
reporting purposes. Storage capacity and storage type utilization, I/O
operations per second (IOPS), and SLO status are summarized for the
application and for every folder in the hierarchy. The same applications
can be organized according to multiple hierarchies.
business view
A business hierarchy that organizes hosts, applications, and other
folders for reporting purposes. Storage capacity and storage type
utilization, I/O operations per second (IOPS), and SLO status are
summarized for the application and for every folder in the hierarchy. The
same applications can be organized according to multiple hierarchies.
C
capacity
The amount of data storage space available on a disk drive, or storage
system. Generally measured in MB, but can also use other
measurements such as TB and PB, depending on the total storage space.
chargeback
The storage cost that storage administrators charge their clients. This
storage is allocated to the client's applications.
cluster
Multiple-storage servers working together to respond to multiple read
and write requests.
CLI
Command Line Interface. A method of interacting with an operating
system or software using a command line interpreter. With Hitachis
Storage Navigator Modular Command Line Interface, CLI is used to
interact with and manage Hitachi storage and replication systems.
CLPR
Cache Logical Partition. Refers to partitioned cache memory. CLPRs can
be used to segment storage array cache assigned to parity groups.
D
data collection
A method of discovering and gathering information from the Storage
System collectors on the Hitachi Device Manager and Hitachi Tuning
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data drive
A physical data storage device that can be either a hard disk drive (HDD)
or a flash (solid-state) drive.
data pool
One or more logical volumes designated to temporarily store original
data. When a snapshot is taken of a primary volume, the data pool is
used if a data block in the primary volume is to be updated. The original
snapshot of the volume is maintained by storing the to-be-changed data
blocks in the data pool.
data refresh
Collecting information from the data collectors on the Hitachi Device
Manager and Hitachi Tuning Manager servers, and updating the
information displayed in the Hitachi Command Director GUI.
datastore
A datastore represents a storage location for virtual machine files. A
storage location can be a VMFS volume, a directory on Network Attached
Storage, or a local file system path.
A datastore is platform-independent and host-independent. Therefore,
datastores do not change when the virtual machines they contain are
moved between hosts. The scope of a datastore is a datacenter; the
datastore is uniquely named within the datacenter.
DB
Database.
DP-VOL
Dynamic Provisioning virtual volume. A virtual volume with no memory
space used by Dynamic Provisioning.
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E
external volume
A logical volume whose data resides on drives that are physically located
outside the storage system.
G
GUI (Graphical User Interface)
The graphical user interface of a software program.
H
HBA
Host Bus Adapter. A circuit board and/or integrated circuit adapter
installed in a workstation or server that provides input/output
processing and physical connectivity between a server and a storage
device. An iSCSI HBA implements the iSCSI and TCP/IP protocols in a
combination of a software storage driver and hardware.
HDvM
Hitachi Device Manager. For version 7.0 and later, this name has
changed to Hitachi Command Suite. Allows you to consolidate storage
operations and management functionality in a system that contains
multiple Hitachi storage systems.Device Manager quickly discovers the
key configuration attributes of storage systems and allows your
organization to begin managing complex and heterogeneous storage
environments using a browser-based GUI.
host
One or more host bus adapter (HBA) world wide names (WWN).
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Host Group
A feature that enables the attachment of 1,024 heterogeneous Fibre
Channel (FC) host ports to one physical storage port on the storage
array. Each FC host connection comes through a virtual port and is
assigned its own address space or host storage domain, which cannot be
seen or accessed by any other virtual port. This provides the scalability
of host connections and safe multi-tenancy, which is required when
many applications share the same physical resources in a virtualized
environment. A host group can be shared with another virtual port on
another physical port for alternate path support.
HTnM
Hitachi Tuning Manager. A real-time software monitor that can view the
current state of the host, file system, database, storage area network,
and storage resources. In Tuning Manager, a resource indicates any
object that is used by an application. You can compare this information
with the normal behavior or the baseline performance stored in the
database. The ability to query a historical database for performance and
capacity trend analysis on each component of the storage area network
lets you correlate the current changes in performance with recent
changes to the physical configuration, software, workload, or other
environmental changes that may be causing changes in an application's
performance.
The Tuning Manager series consists of Agents that collect the
performance data for each monitored resource and the Tuning Manager
program that manages all the Agents.
HTSM
Hitachi Tiered Storage Manager. Tiered Storage Manager is software that
is used to perform migration. The term migration refers to moving the
data stored on one volume to another volume. Tiered Storage Manager
moves the data on a predefined set of volumes to another set of volumes
that have the same characteristics.
I
IO (Input/Output)
Input/output.
IOPS
I/Os per second.
IP
Internet Protocol. Specifies the format of packets and addressing
scheme. Most networks combine IP with a higher-level protocol called
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), which establishes a virtual
connection between a destination and a source.
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Hitachi Command Director User Guide
K
key performance indicator (KPI)
A measurement used to help an organization define and measure
progress toward organizational goals. KPIs are used in business
intelligence to assess the present state of the business and to prescribe
a course of action. KPIs are typically tied to an organization's strategy.
L
LAN
Local Area Network. A computer network that spans a relatively small
area, such as a single building or group of buildings.
logical volume
An area on a disk consisting of device files that are logically integrated
using a volume manager. Also referred to as LDEV.
LU (Logical Unit)
A volume created in a storage system, known as an LU (logical unit) in
an open system.
LUN Owner
LUN Owner represents a collection of volumes (LUNs) used by a common
set of hosts, clusters, or applications. It is derived by tracing the path
from the storage volume to the storage port and back to the host World
Wide Name (WWN). If a set of host WWNs are connected to the same
set of volumes, regardless of the number of paths they use, the set of
volumes is considered to belong to the same LUN Owner, which maps
back to a host, a cluster, or an application as represented by the set of
host WWNs.
By using the LUN Owner method, HCmD derives the mapping from the
storage back to a host side entity such as a host, cluster, or an
application without an agent that may require host security credentials.
By default, a HCmD application has a single LUN Owner.
# A B C D E F
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Hitachi Command Director User Guide
M
monitoring window
Specifies when the application is monitored by the SLO profile. Multiple
schedules (time periods) can be assigned to the same monitoring
window.
N
NAS
Network Attached storage.
O
owner group
A logical unit (LU) group provisioned to the same set of WWNs.
P
parity
In computers, parity (from the Latin paritas, equal or equivalent)
refers to a technique of checking whether data has been lost or written
over when it is moved from one place in storage to another or when
transmitted between computers.
parity group
RAID groups can contain single or multiple parity groups. You can think
of the RAID group as the actual RAID container for data protection, and
the parity group as a partition of that container. Using parity groups,
multiple LUNs can be created from each RAID group, and ported out to
the same or different servers. This allows granularity in LUN sizes being
obtained from the RAID group.
If each partition (parity group) is assigned to the same server, there
should be no contention for the RAID group's disk resources. You can
# A B C D E F
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always just use the entire RAID group as a single parity group and create
one big LUN.
pool
A set of volumes that are reserved for storing Copy-on-Write Snapshot
data or Dynamic Provisioning write data.
pool volume
pool-VOL. A logical volume that is reserved for storing snapshot data for
Copy-on-Write Snapshot operations or write data for Dynamic
Provisioning.
R
RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks)
A group of disks where part of the physical storage capacity is used to
store redundant information about user data stored on the remainder of
the storage capacity. The redundant information enables regeneration of
user data in the event that a disk, or the access path to it, fails.
A RAID appears to the operating system to be a single logical hard disk.
RAID employs the technique of disk striping, which involves partitioning
each drive's storage space into units ranging from a sector (512 bytes)
up to several megabytes. The stripes of all the disks are interleaved and
addressed in order.
S
SAN
Storage Area Network. A network of shared storage devices that contain
disks for storing data.
SATA
Serial ATA. A computer bus technology primarily designed for the
transfer of data to and from hard disks and optical drives. SATA is the
evolution of the legacy Advanced Technology Attachment (ATA) interface
from a parallel bus to serial connection architecture.
# A B C D E F
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SLO profile
An SLO profile allows you to assign multiple SLO types to an application.
You can name a standard set of SLOs (for example, Gold storage type
SLOs) and assign them to multiple applications. Only SLO profiles can
be assigned to applications.
SQL
Structured Query Language used to communicate with a database.
Subsystem
The Hitachi enterprise storage box for the Universal Storage Platform
(USP, USP-V, USP-VM) and the Network Storage Controller (NSC).
# A B C D E F
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switch
A network infrastructure component to which multiple nodes attach.
Unlike hubs, switches typically have internal bandwidth that is a multiple
of link bandwidth, and the ability to rapidly switch node connections
from one to another. A typical switch can accommodate several
simultaneous full link bandwidth transmissions between different pairs
of nodes.
T
tag
A tag provides more context about an application. It provides all
information identifying the application such as who owns it and where it
is located. For example, a tag USA indicates that the application is
located in the USA. Tags are organized into tag categories.
tag category
A tag category is a name of a group of related tags. When tags USA and
Finance are applied to the same application, USA belongs to the Country
tag category while Finance belongs to the Function tag category.
tier
A user-friendly descriptor that summarizes the type of storage hardware
on which a logical volume resides. Typical storage hardware
characteristics that are referred to by a tier are: disk speed, disk
capacity, disk type (for example, FC, SCSI), RAID level, subsystem
model, virtualization level (for example, internal vs. external), and pool
type (if relevant). All volumes that share the characteristics summarized
by the tier are annotated with that tier's name.
U
unallocated volume
An volume for which no host paths are assigned.
V
VM
Virtual Machine.
# A B C D E F
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VMDK File
Virtual Machine Disk File. In a virtual machine, the VMDK file is an
encapsulation of an entire server or desktop environment in a single file.
The VMDK file can be considered as the hard drive for a virtual machine.
volume
A logical device (LDEV), or a set of concatenated LDEVs in the case of
LUSE, that has been defined to one or more hosts as a single data
storage unit. A mainframe volume is called a logical volume image (LVI),
and an open-systems volume is called a logical unit. (LU).
W
WWN (World Wide Name)
A unique identifier for an open systems host. It consists of a 64-bit
physical address (the IEEE 48-bit format with a 12-bit extension and a
4-bit prefix). The WWN is essential for defining the SANtinel
parameters because it determines whether the open systems host is to
be allowed or denied access to a specified logical unit or a group of
logical units.
# A B C D E F
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# A B C D E F
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Index
A
options 33
B
business views
all applications view 322
creating new 322
custom 318
deleting 324
displaying 317
file servers view 320
hosts view 319
Logical Group view 318
managing 324
C
chargeback report gallery 72
chargeback reports
Application storage allocation by tier 715
Application storage by pool 715
D
dashboard
about 22
accessing 23
customizing 23
dashboard reports
Applications Missing SLO report 24
Applications with Most SLO Misses report 27
HDP Capacity Overview report 210
HNAS Capacity Overview report 212
Hyper-V File System Overview report 29
IOPS SLO Status report 25
Response Time SLO Status report 25
Storage System Capacity Overview
report 28
Storage System Performance Overview
report 26
Top 5 Busiest HNAS Nodes report 211
VMware Datastore Overview report 29
Index-1
Hitachi Command Director User Guide
updating 83
email servers
default server port number 836
modifying configuration 836
ESH hosts
viewing configuration information 816
M
monitoring windows
about 415
creating new 416
deleting 419
modifying 418
performance reporst
Top 20 busiest storage system ports 78
performance report
Application SLO conformance 710
performance report gallery 72
performance reports
HDP Pool storage performance 77
Storage port workload 77
Top 20 busiest parity groups 79
Top 20 busiest volumes 79
Physical capacity by Storage Systems report 73
Physical Server Inventory report 714
ping A3
L
licenses
about 82
registering 17
types of 83
R
report gallery 72
report gallery categories 72
S
scheduled reports
removing 835
scheduling 835
secure sockets layer (SSL)
enabling during license registration 18
enabling for Device Manager Storage System
collector 828
Service Level Objective (SLO)
overview 42
types 43
Service Level Objective (SLO) profiles
about 46
creating new 48
deleting 411
modifying 49
Service Level Objective (SLO) types
removing 410
SNMP A4
storage economics report gallery 72
storage economics reports
Application data distribution by tier 711
Top 10 tiers by capacity 711
Underutilized host file systems 711
Storage Port Workload report 77
Storage System and host SLO 43
Storage System Collectors
about 824
configuring 827
deleting 831
Index-2
Hitachi Command Director User Guide
disabling 834
enabling 834
modifying 829
modifying refresh frequency 833
Storage System health threshold
about 44
modifying 45
Storage System Inventory report 712
storage system performance reports
DTR Distribution by Storage System
report 213
IOPS Distribution by Storage System
report 212
Read Hit % by Storage System report 214
Response Time % by Storage System
report 216
Write Pending % by Storage System
report 215
Sudo
account requirements B3
binaries used for configuration gather
operation B2
command used by Gather binary B2
T
tags and tag categories
managing 315
telnet A4
Top 10 Tiers by Capacity report 711
Top 20 Busiest Parity Groups 79
Top 20 Busiest Storage System Ports report 78
Top 20 Busiest Volumes report 79
U
Underutilized Host File Systems report 711
user passwords 837
user profile
modifying 19
password, changing 19
user roles 837
users
viewing users information 837
users accounts
synchronizing 838
utilization report gallery 72
utilization reports
HDP, HDT capacity by Storage Systems 73
HDP, HDT pool usage by application 76
Physical capacity by Storage System 73
V
vCenter collector
configuring new 89
viewing ESX hosts 816
Index-3
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