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Design a rectangular combined footing with a central beam for supporting two columns
400x400 mm in size to carry a load of 1000kN each. Center to center distance between the
columns is 3.5m. The projection of the footing on either side of the column with respect to
center is 1m. Safe bearing capacity of the soil can be taken as 190kN/m2. Use M20 concrete
and Fe-415 steel.
Solution: Data
fck = 20Nlmm2,
fy= 415mm2,
f b (SBC)= l90 kN/m2,
Column A = 400 mm x 400 mm,
Column B = 400 mm x 400 mm,
c/c spacing of columns = 3.5,
PA = 1000 kN and PB = 1000 kN
Required: To design combined footing with central beam joining the two columns.
Ultimate loads
PuA= 1.5 x 1000 = 1500 kN, PuB = 1.5 x 1000 = 1500 kN
Proportioning of base size
Working load carried by column A = PA
= 1000 kN
Working load carried by column B = PB = 1000 kN
Self weight of footing 10 % x (PA + PB) = 200 kN
Total working load = 2200 kN
Required area of footing = Af = Total load /SBC=2200/190 = 11.57 m2
Length of the footing Lf = 3.5 +1 +1 =5.5m
Required width of footing = b= Af /Lf = 11.57/5.5 = 2.1m
Provide footing of size 5.5 x 2.1 m
For uniform pressure distribution the C.G. of the footing should coincide with the C.G. of
column loads. As the footing and columns loads are symmetrical, this condition is satisfied.
15
1000 kN
1000 kN
1m
3.5 m
1m
p=173.16 kN/m2
(safe)
SBC
Design of slab:
Intensity of Upward pressure = p =173.16 kN/m2
Consider one meter width of the slab (b=1m)
Load per m run of slab at ultimate = 173.16 x 1 = 173.16 kN/m
Cantilever projection of the slab (For smaller column) =1050 - 400/2 = 850mm
Maximum ultimate moment = 173.16 x 0.8502/2 = 62.55 kN-m. (Working condition)
1m
p=173.16
kN/m2
For M20 and Fe 415, Q u max = 2.76 N/mm2
Required effective depth = (62.15 x1.5 x 106/(2.76 x 1000)) = 184.28 mm
Since the slab is in contact with the soil clear cover of 50 mm is assumed.
Using 20 mm diameter bars, effective cover =20/2 +50 say 75 mm
Required total depth = 184.28 + 75 = 259.4 mm. However provide 300 mm from shear
consideration as well. Provided effective depth = d = 300-75 = 225 mm
To find steel
Mu/bd2 =1.5 x 62.15 x106/1000 x 2252 = 1.84 2.76, URS
Pt=0.584 %
16
17
18
1000 kN
363.64 kN/m
MC=375 kN-m
0.3
0.3
+
BMD at
MA=181.82 kN-m
MB=181.82 kN-m
V2=636.36 kN
V4=363.63 kN
+
_
+
V1=363.63 kN
SFD
V3=636.36 kN
19
0.85m
400 x 400
1.75m
1.75m
a=1 m
3.5m
0.8m
2100
mm
b=1
5500 mm
db/2
400
400
D+ds
2100
D+db
20
21
400x400
1 m
2-#16
400x400
3.5 m
1m
4-#25 + 2-#16
2-#16
Side face
2-#12
4-#16
2-#16
#12@300,
2L Stp
#12@190,
4L Stp
#12@300,
2L Stp
#12@190,
4L Stp
#12@300,
2L Stp
22