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a.
a trait that gives an organism a reproductive
advantage in the current environment
2. Which of these conditions are always true of
populations evolving due to natural selection?
Condition 1: The population must vary in traits that are
heritable.
Condition 2: Some heritable traits must increase
reproductive success.
Condition 3: Individuals pass on most traits that they
acquire during their lifetime.
a.
Conditions 1 and 2
3. Charles Darwin _____.
a.
proposed natural selection as the mechanism of
evolution
4. It has been observed that organisms on islands are
different from, but closely related to, similar forms
found on the nearest continent. This is taken as
evidence that ____.
a.
island forms are descended from mainland
forms
5. In 1959, doctors began using the powerful antibiotic
methicillin to treat infections of Staphylococcus aureus,
but within two years, methicillin-resistant strains of S.
aureus (MRSA) appeared. How did the resistant strains
of S. aureus emerge?
a.
Staphylococcus aureus bacteria that were able
to synthesize cell walls using a protein that was
not affected by methicillin survived the methicillin
treatments and reproduced at higher rates than
did other individuals. Over time, these resistant
individuals became increasingly common.
6. During a study session about evolution, one of your
fellow students remarks, "The giraffe stretched its neck
while reaching for higher leaves; its offspring inherited
longer necks as a result." Which statement is most
likely to be helpful in correcting this student's
misconception?
a.
10.