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The bond length of HCl molecule is 1.275A and its dipole moment is 1.03 D. The ionic
character of the molecule (in percent) (charge of electron 4.8 1010 esu) is
[ 2008 E]
1) 100
2) 67.3
3) 33.6
4) 16.83
Ans: 1
exp erimental
100
Sol: % of ionic character = theoritical
10
8
experimental = e d = 4.8 10 esu 1.275 10 cm
.in
di
[ 2008 M]
et
Ba
2.
C) SF6
D) I3
.N
iii) Tetrahedral
2)
4)
A
v
v
B
iii
iv
C
ii
iii
D
i
ii
iv) Octahedral
v) Square planar
1) H H > C H > C C
2) C C > C H > H H
4) C C > H H > C H
3) C H > C C > H H
Ans: 1
Sol: The decreasing order of bond dissociation energies are H H > C H > C C
4.
Which of the following is not tetrahedral
2
+
2
1) BF4
2) NH 4
3) CO3
4) SO 4
[ 2007 E ]
[ 2007 ]
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Ans: 3
2
Sol: In CO3 carbon under goes sp2 hybridization and shape of the ion is trigonal planar. While shape
+
2
of BF4 , NH 4 and SO 4 have tetrahedral structure.
H
Sol: H
2
2
( sp sp ) = 1
di
C=C
( sp 2 s ) = 4
et
Ba
.in
5.
;
; =1
H O H bond angle is H2O is 104.5 and not 109281 because of
[ 2006 M ]
1) lone pair lone pair repulsion
2) lone pair bond pair repulsion
3) bond pair bond pair repulsion
4) high electronegativity of oxygen
Ans: 1
Sol: In H 2 O oxygen atom undergoes sp3 hybridization and shape of the molecule must be tetrahedral
and bond angle must be 109281. But due to the repulsion between lone pair and lone pair of
electron shape of the molecule is distorted to angular (or) V shape and bond angle is decreases
to 104.5
8.
Which of the following molecule has zero dipolemosanthoshiment?
(2005-M)
NH 3
2) HCl
3)
4) H 2O
1) BeCl2
.N
7.
Ans: 1
Sol. BeCl 2 has symmetrical and linear structure hence (i) is correct
9.
Which of the following is a favourable factor for cation formation?
1. Low ionisation potential
2. High electron affinity
3. High electronegativity
4. Small atomic size
Ans : 1
Sol. Low IP favours cation ion formation
10. Which of the following is a linear molecule?
2) H 2O
3) SO2
4) CH 4
1) BeCl2
Ans: 1
Sol. BeCl 2 = Linear
SO2 = Angular
(2005-M)
(2005-E)
H2O = Angular
CH4 = tetrahedral
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(2005-E)
Sol:
+
2+
3+
4. The correct order of ability to form ionic compounds among Na , Mg and Al is
Al 3+ > Mg 2+ > Na + F
Ans: 1
x
F
F
x
x
S
x
x
x
F
F
.N
et
Ba
di
.in
12.
+
2
2
4. CH 4 , dsp , tetrahedral
3. NH 4 , dsp , square planar
Ans: 1
Sol. In H2O oxygen atom undergoes sp3 hybridisation shape of the molecule is angular due to
repulsion between lone pairs of electron hence (1) is correct.
0
16. If the bond length and dipole moment of a diatomic molecule are 1.25 A and 1.0 D respectively,
what is the percent ionic character of the bond?
(2003-E)
1. 10.66
2. 12.33
3. 16.66
4. 19.33
Ans: 3
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observed
100
theoritical
10
8
= e d = 4.8 10 esu 1.25 10 cm
= 4.8 1.25 10 18 esu.cm
= 4.8 1.25 D
1
=
100 = 16.66
% of ionic character = 4.8 1.25 D
theoritial
Sol.
Cl
B
Cl
di
Which one of the following is the correct set with respect to molecule, hybridization and shape?
(2003-M)
2
2
BeCl
,
sp
BeCl
,
sp
2
2
, linear
2.
, triangular planar
1.
et
Ba
18.
(2003-M)
4. PCl3
.in
17.
.N
2
3
4. BCl3 , sp , tetrahedral
3. BCl3 , sp , triangular planar
Ans: 3
Sol. In BCl3 . B atoms undergoes sp2 hybridisation and shape of the molecule is trigonal planar
hence (3) is the correct choice.
19. Which one of the following is the correct set with reference to molecular formula, hybridisation
of central atom and shape of the molecule?
(2002-M)
2
2
3
1. CO2 , sp , bent 2. H 2O, sp , bent
3. BeCl2 , sp , linear
4. H 2O, sp , linear
Ans: 3
Sol. In BeCl2 . Be atom undergoes sp hybridization and shape of the molecule is linear hence (3) in
the correct choice.
0
20. An element M reacts with chlorine to from a compound X. The bond angle in X is 120 . What
is M?
(2002-M)
1. Be
2. B
3. Mg
4. N
Ans: 2
2BCl3
Sol. 2B + 3Cl 2
BCl3
sp 2 hybridization
21.
(2002-E)
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Which one of the following molecule contains both ionic and covalent bonds?
4. SO2
1. CH 2Cl2 2. K 2 SO4 3. BeCl2
(2002-E)
Ans: 2
2K + + SO 24
Sol. K 2SO 4
2
O
||
SO 24 = O S O
||
2
In between K+ and SO 4 ionic bond is present.
2
In SO 4 covalent bonds are present.
+
What is the hybridisation state of the central atom in the conjugate base of NH 4 ion?
3. sp2
4. dsp2
1. sp
2. sp3
Ans: 2
+
Sol. Conjugate base of NH 4 is NH3 , hybridization is sp3
24. Which of the following statement is true?
1. Hybridisation of the central atom in NH3 and CH4 is SP2
2. BeCl2 has V shape while SO2 is linear
3. SF6 is octahedral and F S F bond angle is 900
(2002-E)
(2001E)
et
Ba
di
.in
23.
.N
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(2000 E)
.N
et
Ba
di
.in
29.
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