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http://www.archive.org/details/poeticsofaristoOOaris
OOKkseVlrfs* statiomers,
VANNEVAR &. CO..
-.-.^
YO-G-^ STREET.
TORONTO
THE
POETICS OF AEISTOTLE
EDITED
H.
BUTCHEE
ILontion
MACMILLAN AND
CO., Limited
1898
NOV
6 19421
PEEFACE
The
form part of
tlie
volume
entitled Aristotle s
Theory
and
Co., 1898).
are enlarged,
The improvements
fully revised.
care-
in the Translation
from
my
friend
To him
Hardie.
would express
my
warmest
thanks,
and
also
Tyrrell,
who
proof-sheets,
and
another
to
talked
friend.
over
and
Professor
elucidated
Germany,
strict
have found
principle
critical material
necessary to observe a
of selection,
my
aim
still
being
They
Apparatus
trust,
still
less to
do duty
for a
commentary,
VI
In the
first
my own
conjectural emendations of
passages
4
xxv. 14
iii.
xix. 3
xxiii. 1
Of
xxv. 16.
in the following
xxiv. 10
these, one or
xxv.
two appear
two
1);
now withdrawn,
are
and
iii.
In the
a
first
number
certain
of
passages,
words which
now
iii.
18
vi.
xvii.
xvii.
and in
xvii.
vi.
18
for
MSS.,
\6ycov of the
/xev
By water's
In
Xeyo/juevcov,
5.
conjecture
[Ttya9 avTo<f\.
relegated
to
take
the
into
but
with
some
text
previously
which
notes,
now
confidence.
It
many
refer
ix.
5.
names
of Professor Susemihl
to
ov
MSS.) ra Tv^ovTa
(^ovrco
1451
Arabic has
b 14
'
=b
13
Bekk.),
cf.
appears in
and Professor
the
'
ix.
'
and
in
where the
random.'
though
ovrco,
ovo/xaTa
1451 a 38
2.
apographa
at
Tyrrell.
For
= a 36
ov to rightly
for
a similar
PREFACE
omission of ov in A
Bekk.), ov
12.
cf. vi.
7roi7]crec
Vli
'
= a 30
epyov,
the
apogr.'
and
rpaywSia'i
r?}?
rjv
1450 a 32
words Ta rv^ovra
but also
ovofiara,
some length
Fine Art
367-9
Another conjecture of
to
passage,
vi.
<'TrdvT6<i>
of Poetry and
in Aristotle s Tlieory
(ed. 2) pp.
8.
eiTreiv
6i<i
(note).
my own
(
=a
ovk
for
have ventured
much
In the
text.
1450 a 14
in better
fits
have argued at
disputed
12 Bekk.),
read
avrwv w?
oXiyot
elirelv
As
Crit. Notes).
Rhet.
i.
1354 a
1.
(see
where
12,
ovhev
&)?
elirelv,
the
The word
6\iyov.
ovSev
&)?
elTvelv,
oXlyov
but
natural gloss
is
not
ovhev
SO
co?
elirelv
on
on
oXiyov.
the Rhetoric
may
again be
1455 a 30
edition)
summoned
=a
to our aid.
27 Bekk.)
bracketed rov
have
Oearrjv,
the
This
audience.
B
4-4-1
6%
In
xvii. 1.
object
I
take
to
it,
have now
l^e
the
illus-
vm
trated
by another
in Rhet.
i.
where Xavddvovalv
8,
re \Tov<i
uKpoarail has
suppressed
the
reading,
1358 a
2.
not
being
object
the
Once more,
in
xxiv.
1460 a 26
9.
= a 23
the
of
reviser
Se,
first
This
A.
was
which
reading,
by the
set aside
adopt a variant
chief
modern
dWo
Se
forced
is
me
either
irpoaOelvat at the
end of the
2.
i.
1357 a 17
ff.,
appears
who
editors,
or resort to conjecture,
ovSe
Xeyetv
Bel
avdyKT]
eav yap
rt
37
jap rovro
avTO<;
Trpoadelvai.
rovrrov 'yvdopi'jrpocrTLOrjcnv
dKpoaTr]<;, olov
on
Ixavov
ort
^OXvfXTria
elirelv
aTe(f)aviTrj<i
(TKova-i
jdp
rd ^OXvpurta, ov8e
yap
veviKriKev,
Sel
The general
iravre';.
to
TrpoaOelvai'
idea
is
S'
otl
yiyvai-
closely
parallel to
expression of
it
similar
ovSe
to
elvai
One
i)
difficulty still
yeveaOat
is
The subject
To supply it in
remains.
omitted.
PREFACE
thought
is
not,
perhaps,
ix
but
impossible,
it
is
accepted
edition
avariKif)
<KaKeivo>
Tucker's
Professor
etvai,
rj
conjecture,
yeve(r6at.
my own
above mentioned
by the Arabic. I
the Text and Critical Notes
made
But
see
p.
4).
it
were before us
safely be used
who
are
the whole
if
not
Of the
value of this
text,
no
version
final estimate
for
be noted
(1)
i.
MSS.
criticism
precise
of the
But
it
the
Two
earlier
striking instances
may
here
6-7. 1447 a 29
ff.,
ing
of
to the
avaivv^o<;
brilliant
before
rv^yavovaa^
conjecture
accord-
of Bernays
p.
47).
(see
X
(2) xxi.
1457 a 41
1.
fiejakcwTcov of the
MSS.
= a 35 Bekk), where
by
Diels has,
for
the aid of
is
me
passage
word
is
is
first
time into
MargoHouth
Professor
This
Notes).
Crit.
(see
tion of '^pfioKalKo^avOo^
tells
this
in
eVev^a/iez/o?
Aristotle's
Another
result of
In some
established.
fifty
instances where
the
A*",
it
made
a
'
apographa,' or conjectures
more recent
period.
It
undoubting
It
assent.
is,
claimed for
I
it
have
commands our
therefore,
by Vahlen.
by the
consulted
no longer
unique authority
side
of
Professor
it, e.g.
and by Diels
1888,
p. 49.
in
But
Sitzungsher.
I
have
also
p.
by
1546,
'
PREFACE
xi
benefit of private
difficulties
He has
my
disposal,
his learning at
it
with a
literal translation.
Arabic
is
possible to do so,
and throws no
itself obscure,
the difficulty
was
light on
is
have in
this edition
adopted emendations which are suggested or confirmed by the Arabic, but which did not find a
place in the
ii,
first
edition
1448 a 15,
1450 a 18
3.
vi. 7.
/cat
loanrep ot
(
Tovs
a 17 Bekk.), <6
evSaLiMovias koI
r]
8e /3tos>,
of the
ei'Sat/iOi/ta
omitting
MSS.
xi. 6.
xviii. 6.
lation
of
the Arabic
compounded
of
significant
xxi.
noun
1. 1457 a 41
above,
= a 36
hesitate to
add to
1.
is
and
this
trans-
some
is
insignificant,
significant
in
the
1459 a
icnas
this
a.8vvaT0V>
list
of corroborated
it
of
p. xv.)
'and
is
:
:
Xll
icrropia^
the
Ta<;
icrTopiai<;
ofioi.a<i
Ta<;
correction
for
crvv6e<Ti<i,
of the
(7vvr}6ei<i
note,
see
/cat
MSS.
p.
6fxoia<i
/u-r)
(In defence of
165
of Aristotle's
and
stories
MSS.
There
of the
a-wqOet'i
may
awdeo-ei^;
Greek
in the
in
original,
is
translation
Another
implies.
municated privately to
me by
conjecture,
deserves mention.
6/ji,o[a<i
to om9.
sunk
I subjoin a
in otaf, and,
becoming
Icrropiai at (7vvrj6ei<i
is,
'
change
and must
the demonstr.
'
by
attraction, olac
reading of the
com-
of
tion
which
resemble.'
MSS.
as against proposed
emenda-
iv. 14.
Arabic,
position.'
is
obviously
misunderstood.)
vi.
18.
1450 b 14
= b 12 Bekk), twv ph
Aoywi/
PREFACE
xiil
The
owing
sented, but,
/xev
to the Syriac
is
not repre-
form
of
that
preposition
of,' it
'
was
'
crKvd^Lv
More doubtful
dirb
tt;?
same
Arabic,
is xvii. 2.
aur?}?
nature.'
<pv(T(o<;
'
1455 a 33
Arabic,
= a 30
in
'
Bekk.),
is
a7r' avTrj<;
Trj<i
(^ucrect)?,
the former.
(6) Passages
words
is
ix. 9.
= b 31
Arabic,
there
'
is
nothing to
But we
be.'
1454 b 34
=b
l(jityevLa dveyviopLcrev
that which
is
on Opccm^s:
called Iphigeneia,
to
'Opf(rTr]<;.
point
to
the
it
Arabic, 'as in
and that
was
is
where-
Orestes.'
This
omission
of
the
first
XIV
In
neither
altered the
these
passages,
have
however,
reading.
(c)
light
of
MSS.
:
i.
9.
1447 b
emerges
22.
the metres
interest that
of
('
we ought
there
is
no trace of
to call
which
Kal,
is
him poet
')
of all
is
the 'apographa.'
X. 3.
1452 a 22
= a 20
The words
Bekk.).
yiyvea-dai
MSS.
The
=b
17 Bekk),
line containing
avrhv
oxttc Kal
these words
is
not
fxriSkv
=b
(
.
19 Bekk.), orav
The words
fii]
dvdyKrj^
In
conclusion,
desire
acknowledge
to
my
all
Mr.
W.
W.
Lock,
points,
have
J.
who have
written
me
Verrall,
notes on particular
profited.
In a special sense
W.
am
criticism I
indebted to
my first
edition
numerous
many
where.
articles
Among
other reviewers to
whom
feel
PREFACE
grateful, I
in the
XV
Classical Review,
Hardie in Mind,
vol. iv.
May
No.
15
1895; Mr. R. P.
;
Saturday Review,
To
Messrs. R.
CONTENTS
PAGE
xix
Analysis
List of Abbreviations
following
is
order
Valla
list
and translations
of the Poetics,
(G.),
Latin translation.
Venice, 1498.
summary
of Averroes
1198).
{ob.
Venice,
Arrivabeue, 1515.
Pazzi (A.) [Paccius], Aristotclis Poetica, per
Alexandrum Paccium,
Robortelli
Venice, 1536.
In librum
(Fr.),
]jatri-
Aristolelis
Florence, 1548.
Segni
(B.),
vulgare.
Florence, 1549.
librum de Poetica
Aristotelis
explaiiationes.
Venice, 1550.
Arte Poetarum.
Florence, 1560.
Vienna, 1570
Basle,
1576.
d' Aristotcle,
Goulston
Dacicr,
(T.),
La
con la
Venice, 1575.
Le3Hlen, 1590.
Aristotle.
Leyden, 1610.
Latin translation.
Paris, 1692.
priaux, avec
Paris, 1771.
les
traductions
et
des remarques
Vida, de Des-
XX
Winstanley
Reiz,
commentary on
(T.),
De Podica
Metastasio (P.
Liher.
),
la medcsima.
Twining
Paris, 1782.
(T.), Aristotle's
and on
translation
and
Pye (H.
original,
tJie
Commentary
and two
To which
is
),
Be
Textum
Poetica Liber.
Buhle
T.
(J.
Hermann
Grafenham
(E. A.
etc.
(Fr. v.),
Ritter
und
Munich, 1837.
Ad
(Fr.),
antiquos
codices
rccognitam,
E.),
frangaise
et
et
com-
Cologne, 1839.
la PoMiqiie d'Aristote
conversam,
latine
Egger (M.
sein VcrMltniss zu
Berlin, 1829.
(L.),
Akad.
Leipzig, 1802.
tariis illustrai'it,
Raumer
et
Oxford, 1794.
Gottingen, 1794.
recensuit.
(Godfrey),
the
Tyrwhitt
07i
dissertations on poetical
London, 1789.
imisical imitation.
J.),
Oxford, 1780.
Poetics.
Leipzig, 1786,
les Grecs,
sidvi de
commentaire.
Paris, 1849.
Wirkung der
iiber
Saint-Hilaire
perpituclles.
Tragodie,
Breslau, 1857.
(J. B.),
et
accompagnde de notes
Paris, 1858.
Berlin, 1859.
Stutt-
gart, 1860.
Liepert
Susemihl
zig,
Vahlen
Spengel
Vahlen
(J.
(F.),
German
Passau, 1862.
and
),
(L.), Aristotelische
(J.) recensuit.
Studien IV.
Leip-
Vienna, 1865.
Munich, 1866.
Berlin, 1867.
II.
I.
Halle, 1869.
Ueberweg
notes.
(F.),
German
Berlin, 1869.
Kunst.
H. ), Aristoteles
(J.
Kunst,
iiber
besonders
XXI
Tragodie.
iiber
Vienna, 1870,
Doring
(A.),
Ueberweg
(F.),
Ars
{Parisiensis 174i)-
Bywater
(I.),
Aristoteles.
Moore
(J.)
(E.),
iterum recensuit
and
xiv. 40
ff.
Berlin, 1874.
and 1893.
Leipzig, 1878
Thcorie des
Berlin, 1880.
(D.),
critical
Margoliouth
ff.
Oxford, 1875.
Drama.
A'
1885.
et
Wharton
codicis antiquissvmi
Berlin, 1870.
Jena, 1870.
ad fdem potissimum
Poetica
Oxford, 1883.
Lon-
don, 1887.
Gomperz
(T.),
Zu
d'Aristote.
Aristoteles' Poctik,
Paris, 1887.
I.
(c. i.-vi.).
Vienna, 1888.
La
Nationale.
MM.
Carroll
Preface de
Lumiere.
M. Henri Omont.
Photolithographic de
Paris, 1891.
(M.), Aristotle's
Poetics
Baltimore, 1895.
Gomperz
Uebcrsetzt
tnul
eingcleitet.
1895.
Gomperz
(T.),
Zu
Vienna, 1896.
Leipzig,
ARISTOTLE'S POETICS
ANALYSIS OF CONTENTS
I.
'
Imitation
{iJ.ifj.Tiais)
'
the
common
Medium
These Arts
dis-
The Medium of
and the Manner of Imitation.
Harmony (or Melody),
is Rhythm, Language, and
Objects,
Imitation
'
'
The Objects
of Imitation.
Higher or lower
Arts.
the Imitative
In Poetry this
is
The Manner
of Imitation.
Poetry
narrative
may
(including
poetry),
Ijric
digression follows on
the
name and
pure
or
original
drama.
home
of the
Drama.
IV.
of
Imitation,
of Poetry.
may
and the
of
Harmony and
Rhythm.
Historically viewed. Poetry diverged early in two directions
Homeric poems
Tragedy and Comedy exhibit the distinction in a developed
traces of this twofold tendency are found in the
form.
The
ated.
and Tragedy.
(The chapter
is
fragmentary.
ARISTOTLE'S POETICS
namely,
Scenic Presentment
Song
Lyrical
namely, Plot
{/j-eXoTroda),
(fj-vdos),
(6
Diction
Character
ttjs
6^ws
(X^^s)
{rjdos),
three external,
Kdcrfios
or
oi/'is).
three internal,
ance
itself,
and of adequate
magnitude.
VIII. The Plot must be a Unity.
of Hero, but in
The
parts
Poetry
is
The
ticular.
to the incidents.
The
X. (Plot continued.)
of Simple {air\ol)
Definitions
and Complex
{ireirXeyfiivoi) Plots.
Sudden Reversal
Incident
XII.
The
Recognition
'quantitative parts'
fined
Prologue,
and Tragic
and explained.
(dvayvdipLo-Ls),
(Trddos) defined
{/J.ipT]
Episode,
or disastrous
etc.
(Probably an interpolation.)
XIII. (Plot
continued.)
'
XIV.
'
The
(Plot continued. )
and
fear should
itself.
Spectacular effect
Examples
emotional
of
is
Tragic
Incidents
designed
to
or
heighten the
effect.
in Tragedy.
The
rule of
The
'
Deus ex Machina
Character
XVI.
is
'
(a
How
idealised.
(Plot continued.)
Recognition
its
ANALYSIS OF CONTENTS
XVII. Practical
To
(1)
and to
sympathy
act the
A\ith
the
dramatis personae.
(2)
ing to
>vith those of
Epic Poetry.
To be
(1)
in the episodes.
fill
The Episodes
Poet
and D^-
(2)
(3)
to Epic Poetry.
(4)
XIX. Thought
and Diction
(Stdj'ota),
in
Tragedy.
XX.
Diction, or
speech,
XXI. Poetic
Diction.
in Poetry
of speech
admissible
It agrees
herein
XXIV.
Tragedy.
trated,
The
namely,
(1)
poem
(2)
and
illus-
the metre
XXV.
Critical Objections
reality.
XXVI. A
Tragedy.
The
it.
the
Parisian
century
fidently,
which
manuscript (1741) of
the
11th
but
too
con-
generally,
perhaps
all
other extant
MSS.
directly or in-
Apogr.
Arabs
A*^.
It is not
is
a trans-
unknown
now
author,
by an
(The quotations
lost.
Mar-
translator.
by Susemihl
brevity.)
It
must be remembered,
we
infer to
of
therefore,
are those
which
Aid.
in 1508.
Valilen
Vahlen
3.
by him
into
A*^),
coni.
the text.
< > =
text.
* *
satis-
API2TOTEAOY2
nEPI nOIHTIKHS
BvvafjLiv
7rot,r}T{,K'f]<;
GKaarov
avrrj^;
rcva
rjV
rj
en
iroi7]aL<i,
he eK Troacov Kal
dWcov oaa
TTOLcov
avTrj<;
en
avXr^nKTi^
ovcrac
Kal
20 hia
ev
fMrj
erepoi<;
/jULfxelaOat
Trj<;
tw erepa
rj
rj
tm
ere-
(ol fxev
(J3C0VT]<i,
fjLifj,r}cnv
')(wpl<i
rj
elpr)fxevai,<;
re^yat?- aTraaat
Forchhammer
:
/cat
'
per sonos
iv apogr.
iroiOVvraL
12.
(pijivris
fjuev
fxefityfievoi'^'
21.
rpa'ywhia'i 2
(T'^ijfiaaL
iv
Trj<i
Tep^i/77? ol
rrjv
A'^
r]
hiOvpa/ji/BoTroLrjnKT] Kal
rj
rj
fxi/jitjaetf;
Kal
pa)<;
ifKeicxrri
77
jdp tS
;7
TrpcoTcov.
he Kco/xtphia Kal
t?}?
et
'
"K^yu/j-ev
apogr.
dicimus' Arabs.
5t'
rcDi yevei.
XP^'
Xiyofiev
17. to!
A.'^.
20.
Spengel.
;;
ARISTOTLE'S POETICS
I propose to treat of Poetry in itself and of its various
I
^^^ ^ kinds, noting
the essential quality of each ; to inquire
into the structure of the plot as requisite to a good
the
into
poem
is
composed
us
let
begin
poem
parts of which a
of the
else falls
first.
most of
modes
of
They
imitation.
of
manner
or
mode
of
differ,
imitation,
being
each
in
case
distinct.
mere
the
habit, imitate
medium
art
or 4
of colour
imitation
is
'
harmony,'
49.
I.
fiovov
jjbevai
25 erepat
re avKrjriKrj koi
rf
Tvyydvovatv
jap ovTOi
Tot9
payvvaa
e'lre
tS)v
av
10 ovSev <yap
aevdpyov
-v|ri\ot9
pier ctXki^Xwv
rot'?
i)
irpci^ei'^'
he
r)
<o
vvv
rod
p^e-^pt
')(OLpiev
rayv
rv'y')(^dvovaa
<ava)vv/iio<s>
fierpcov,
rcve'i
rj
Toiv cr'^7]/jiaTi^ofjievo3v
hiQ,
tjOtj
KLdapcaTiKr) kclv el
\^\^^,
rj
22
tw
avpLyycov, avTa> Se
77
241447 b
1447 a
kol
S(0(f)povo<i
p,ip,ov<;
eXeyelcov
i)
rj
roiv
dWcov
Kara
Tt Bed
dWa Koivfj
TO fieTpov 7rpo(7a<yopevovTe<;.
i]
Kara
(fjvcrcKov 8
Tov
20 ^
Kav
op.olw'i Be
TTOLOiTO Trjv
pov
p^dWov
p^ev TTOLijTrjv
7rotr]Tr]V'
Ti9 drravTa
Td pbeTpa
Kaddirep ^aip7]p,Q)v
pLLp,7](Ttv
pbiKTrjv pa-drcpBlav
et
eTToirjcre
pbtyvvcov 9
Kei^raw-
e'f
rvyxo^viocTLv A'^.
tovtov
habuit
ol
Gomperz
<xa.pi-icTepoi>
male (Margoliouth).
iivoTvoda
29.
6pxv<^TpQiv
Ueberweg,
seclus.
'
<xapt^j'Tes> Zeller.
ol
cm. iam S.
1447 b 9.
^ toij i/'tXeis fjLerpois coni. Vahlen.
dviivvfioi add. Bernays, confirmante Arabe 'quae sine nomine est adbuc.'
\pCko2s
15.
^ Tols
Karh,
physica
'
/jL^rpois
apogr,
ttjv
Arabs.
codd.
22.
'
ttjv
Idem
IJ.LKTTJV
om.
Karot
16.
A=.
praestat
Averroes
pllkttjv
(pvaiKbv
Heinsius
(Margoliouth)
'
'
re
fiovaiKdv
/cat
A<=,
ofJLoiios
5^
TUP
ixiTpusv
post 12
Toio{)T(j}v
collocat,
commate ad tolo^tuv
ARISTOTLE'S POETICS
Thus
music of the
in the
similar to
without
harmony
'
another
1447 b
alone,
and
again,
consist
of
for
'harmony'
pipe,
alone
is
used 5
by rhythmical movement.
action,
art
verse,
'
lyre,
In dancing, rhythm
these.
emotion, and
is
shepherd's
the
that of
49
and the
flute
I.
There
that
may
but
prose
either
in
either
combine
kind
one
verse
or
which
metres
different
or
without a name.
For there
the
mimes
dialogues
poetic
poet
on
People
to the
'
in
entitles
when
them
all
author
common
On
could apply to 7
on
the
the
other,
any
or
elegiac,
word
'
hexameter) poets, as
makes the
maker
'
or
if
it
of poet
were not
indiscriminately to
name
to
similar
is
Even
the name.
call
of
is,
that
and,
iambic,
indeed, add
do,
name
the imitation
hand
one
the
imitations
metre.
*
common term we
no
is
brought
is
by custom given
to the
it
would be
right to
if
a writer
which
is
in
his
poetic 9
Chaeremon did
10
I.
II.
1447 b 23
4.
Trpocrayopevreov.
TToiTjTTjp
25
rwv
re
ovv tovtcov
Bi(opL(r6co
Tot<; elprj-
fjLev
10
fjbevot<;,
ri
Tiv6<;
a 15
at iraai, '^pSivrai
irepl
1448
Bcdvpafju^cKcov
T TpajoyBla Kal
a/xa iraaiv al Be
rwv
Bta(f)opa<;
Kara
Kal
7roLr)crc<;
ravra^
fiepo'i.
oh
Te')(yS)V, ev
77
on
Bia^epovcn Be
KcofMcpBla'
1)
rj
al fxev
fiev
iroLovvrat rrjv
puijjb'qcnv.
II
TOVTOvi
rj
cTTTOvBalovi
Bia^epovcn
(f)av\ov<; elvat
rj
5 rj
Kpelrrov;, Uavcrcov Be
on
BrjXov Be
Kal
{rd yap
a'^eBbv
r]6r)
fjL0V0i,<;,
Ka6'
rj
TLoXvyvforo'i [xev
ypa(f)ei<i'
eKdcrrr]
yap
e'lKa^ev
rwv Xe-^detawv
ridrj
'^eipova'i
r}fjbd<i rj
jjLiixrja-eoiv
e^ei 2
Kal ydp ev
10 KiOaplaei
Xoyov; Be Kal
irepl rov<i
op'X^rjcrei
15
')(eipov<;'
rov^
v6/jL0v<i, oiCTTrep
ovK
'
(pvaioXoyov
ijdr]
Aid.,
Kal
T<f
dper^ apogr., 2:
apogr.
to
A<=.
iroLy]rT}v
29.
KaKia
12.
Gryph.
efficitur
sic
apogr.
at
diOvpafx^wy apogr.
oh Vettori
.
ttoltjttjv
^4X0-
dperr] A^.
ol
A<=
1448 a
a?s A<=.
7.
St]
3.
Kadq.
Morel.
13.
8.
rpayipSlas ut
AetXtdSa
videtur S, qui primus faciebat tragoediam Arabs.
cf. Castelvetro).
pr. man., fort, recte, ut in Iliadis parodia (Tyrrell
'
'
oi toi>s
ibcrirep
codd.
Vahlen.
ilxTirep
Margoliouth
'Apyas Castelvetro
coni.
iocnrep ovrcos
ut
24. at
26.
'
ov A^.
et 22 Kal
fj.i/j.7i(nv
/xdWou ^
Bekker.
odv apogr.
Kal irepl 4
rov'i Bi6vpdfj,/3ov^
verbis
Op,rjpo<i
%dcno<i o
rrjv ArjXo-
Kal l^iKO'^dpr)^
Kal irepl
ojjloiw^ Be
'
dBa
Kal [ro]
rd<; dvo/xoLorrjra'i'
ut videtur
ws Il^po-as Vettori
Hxrirep
A<=
15.
&(nrep ya.%
yap
coni.
9 II.
ARISTOTLE'S POETICS I
of all kinds,
term poet.
There
again,
are,
arts
which employ
namely,
general
all
tune
rhythm,
the 10
and
metre.
and
Tragedy
also
difference
that
is,
Comedy
in
the
but
first
them the
between
now one
means
employed,
is
now
another.
II
^^^ *
medium
of imitation.
men must
in action,
and
(for
goodness and
of
men
moral
men
differences),
follows that
it
as they are.
It is
men
depicted
as
noble, Dionysius
Now
we must
than they
nobler
to
represent
or as worse, or
life,
are,
Polygnotus
Pauson
as
less
life.
it is
come
distinct.
may
and lyre-playing.
flute-playing,
So again in language,
as
they are
parodies,
than they
makes men
;
Hegemon
the
Thasian,
the
Homer,
Cleophon
inventor
of
and nomes
may
of
dithyrambs 4
12
4111.
II.
av
^vo<i[, fjLifi7](TaLT0
TpajfoSla
/30V9
20
he tovtcov
rpLrrj
eariv ore
/jit/j.ei(T6ai
Bt,a(f)opa
koI yap iv
Ta.
civ
fJajJuy'icraiTO
fxev
iv Tpial
fit/Jbov/jbivovi].
6 avTO<i
TT] fiev
eo?
rj
KOT
av
hrj
TLve<;
avrd
eVt
Tr;?
oh
Bia(f>opat<;
rwv
avTol
c^acnv,
on
yap
Trap"
16.
fiera-
/xi/jirjai'i
r)
yap
K(i)/jLa<;
ol
KWfi(phia<i ol Ata-
rrj<;
Meyapet'i
^Ei7rL'^ap/uL0<i
dv
tis]
secl.
re ivravOa
o'i
Kal ol iK
TrotT/r?)?
coni.
rrj^;
ttoWS
Tpay(phla<i
ra ovopLara
TTotovfxevoL
Td<i irepiOiKiha^.
[pLifirjaairo
yap
hto Kal
hpa)vra<i.
/XL/Jbovvrac
Bi]/jbOKpaTia<i yevo/u,evr)(;,
rjv
cnj/jbeLov
Vahlen.
aiV^ 5^ Vettori
rrj
'in
Margoliouth.
tl
seclus.
Zeller,
Spengel.
iravTo. I. Casaubon.
secludendum (Bywater)
tuetur S.
seclusi
olini seclus. Vahlen
dvayKaloji S (Margoliouth): Kal & add. apogr.
23.
36.
aiirol et 'Adijvalovs
odroi et
Spengel
(cf.
iravras
tovs
Bywater.
ware
c5<?.
Kcofiq)hLa<i
avToh
iv UeXoTTovvijcra))
fiev
vaiov; he
n yiyvofir)
So^o/c\?}?, jJupbOvvTaL
35 evioc
kol ra avra
erepov
re kol a koI
iKeWev yap
%iKe\la<i,
(?)
ft)9
eKaara rovrcov
g)?
ravraci
dpya<i, iv
aOal
to
dfi(f>co
rj
p^^et-
i]
yap
fiev '^/ap
rj
roi<i avTol<;
aTrayyeWovra
^aXXovTo),
SieaTrjKev,
8e ySeA-Tiou? /jLLfxeladat
?;
en
Ill
Tt?]'
rrjv Kco/MOiSlav
7r/3o<?
1637
1448 a
3-
25.
Pro Kal
&.
dd-qvaloi codd.
'
xal
<o'>
35.
1460 b 38)
fort,
/xLixov/xevov^
aij,
^vioi
'Adrivaiovs
Adijvawi tuentur
ARISTOTLE'S POETICS
4111.
II.
13
The same
Cyclopes.
Comedy
Tragedy
Ill
There
may
Tragedy from
men
as worse,
life.
a third difference
is still
off
at representing
than in actual
as better
marks
distinction
Comedy aims
for
manner
the
in
which
be imitated.
being the same, and the objects the same, the poet
imitate
which
Homer
unchanged
may
by narration
another personality as
person,
or he
as living
we
These, then, as
may
in
present
all
own
his characters
us.
said
at
the
beginning, are
the 2
kind
So that from
imitate
of view, of the
types
of
same kind
for
Hence, some
doing.
both
for
as Aristophanes
to
Homer
as
character
is
say, the
name
of
'
drama
'
is
given 3
The claim
and Comedy.
the Megarians,
allege that
it
to
Comedy
is
put forward by
much
earlier
country.
the
who
by
who
is
Tragedy too
Peloponnese.
is
In
evidence of language.
called K(o/xat,
each
case
by the Athenians
they appeal
to
the
by them
Kcofj,d^eiv,
'
to
aXka
')(6evTa<i
1448 b
3 IV.
III.
Kara
rf]
lY
5
eoUacn
TLV6<i rrj'i
avTol
fxev
hpav,
irepl
fiev
ovv
Se yevvrjcrat
Tol<i
dv6pco7rot<?
Ttav
aW(ov
crei?
iroielTai
eK
to re yap
Tralhcov
twv Siaipopwv 4
p-i/jieladai av/ji(f)VTOv 2
ecTTi,
Sea
ra?
/jbtfJi^(Tco<i
koX to yaipeiv
irpoiTa'i,
arjixelov he
T(t)V
e/c
Ad7)vaiov<; 8e
/juev
elprjaOco ravra.
/jLi/xi](Teoi<;
TLve<i
23
ifkavrj dTCfu,a^o/xevov<;
K(ofia<;
iroueiv
TTpaTreiv irpoaa/yopeveiv.
381448 b
1448 a
6.
tovtov to av/M/Salvov .3
\v'K7)pSi<i opcj/xev,
tovtcov Ta<;\
OripLwv re
/xopcftd'i
avTov.
Sid
ovTO^
t7]v
rj
eKelvo<i,
'^poidv
elKOva'? 6po)VTe<i,
firj Tii'^rj
rjhovrjv
TOv
dXkd
fiLfxeicrdac
OTcb
tl 6Ka-
TrpoecopaKco'i,
Kal
fxopia
dWrjv
aiTiav.
dp/xovia<i 6
Trj<i
tcov
pvd/juojv
dp'^fj'i Trec^u/core?
1448 b
1.
Kal TO Tvoieiv
Arabs.
Arabs
5.
:
tovto A"^
TjdovTjv
22.
Kal airra
Trpoaayopeveii'
18.
irpbs
13.
avTa Aid.
20.
5??
Bekker
Vahlen
coni.
:
els
avTO, Kal
oXcos
4.
tovtov apogr.
:
om.
confirmat
Kal <:\6yos>
om. Arabs.
:
om. Arabs.
ai^rat A'^.
To^jTov Bonitz,
rriv
avrai apogr.
'
i
/Bpa'^v Koivcovovaiv'
i)
6pto<; rjfxcv
(f)V(TLV Srj
inel idv
ttjv
7roci]creL
fji[fM7)/j,a
yacriav
20 KaTa
iirl
dXX,
oyu-otcu?,
avji^aivei,
ou^
aXXoi<;
KOA, T0t<;
a'cTiov Se;4
veKpoiv.
(Beitr.)
oi'xt
codd.
5^
codd.
Gomperz
Kal
aiiTcc
15
revel,'
{Kara
K(o/xa<;),
They add
144S b city.
is
3 IV.
This
may
for
'
doing
'
irpdrrecv.
suffice as to the
modes
various
Dorian Nvord
Spdv,
of the 4
of imitation.
lA"
causes, each of
in our nature.
man from
First, the 2
childhood,
he
is
imitation he
universal
have
learns
the pleasure
is
evidence
of
lessons
his earliest
felt
and through
and no
facts
less
We
in things imitated.
the
in
this
experience.
of
contemplate
to
fidehty
and
dead bodies.
of
The cause
of this again
is,
that to 4
but
to
men
learning
is
in
general
more
limited.
is,
Ah, that
is
he.'
For
they
if
it
to
have seen
some such
other cause.
Imitation, then,
is
harmony
Xext, 6
'
Persons, therefore,
there
is
'
by degrees
their
16
IV.
^laafMarcov.
1448 b 24
II-
1449 ^
Kara ra oiKela
SieaTrdcrdr} 8e
25 ol fiev
Tov
ijOrj
iroliqaL'i- 7
rj
\lr6jov<i 7rocovvre<i,
TTOiTjfia,
TO dpfxoTTOv
tm
tovtw Idfi^i^ov
i^erptp
TiKa<i
1449
koL
oio-irep he
rai.
yap
35 ^v, fi6vo<;
ov'^
i'TToirjcyev,
ovTCt)<;
Kal
vTTeBeL^ev, ov -^oyov
irotrjcra'i
Kal
Ta9
rj
7r/3o?
ol
i(f>^
ol
he
fjuev
t?}?
rrjv
Troirjcriv
eiroiv
7rpb<i
6p/ji(0VTe<i
Kara
rrjv
TpaywhohthdaKoXoi hid to
el
erepot
'IXta9
T7]<;
e^ei, wairep
dvrl rwv
Spengel
(X'yfjixaTa
to yeXoiov hpafxaro-
ra a'^^p.ara
drepoL
7rot7]Tr}'i"Ofji,r)po<;
KOiix(phia<i
dWd
27.
koI 9
dXX.i]\ov<i-
eKarepav
OLKelav (f>vcnv ol
vovTo,
ra
'Trapa^aveicrri'i he
KO)ix(phla<i.
kol
^OBvaaeia
/x,(phia<;
on ev dW<d>
irpwTO'i
oh
crTrovSata /xdXcara
to,
iv
codd.
dp"
e'^^et
30.
elvat
rjhrj
Kal
ravra eKelvwv.
Tpayaihla rot? 11
rj
to
dp/j.6TTov
[la/j.^e'iov]
Kara A<=.
31. la/x^elov seclus. Stahr.
Gomperz Kal Aid.
35.
Alterum 6Vt seclus. Bonitz, quod confirm. Arabs.
dpafxariKas A<=, 2
^'^
el
&pa
dpafjLaTLKQs apogr.
a
1449
7.
ix^i apogr.
nap^x^'^P'
:
?X" Vahlen.
'
till
6 il
17
to Poetry.
now
Poetry
the
character
noble
imitated
spirits
meaner
persons,
trivial
at
The graver
the writers.
of
and
actions,
The more
good men.
of
individual
the
of
actions
composing
first
as
satires,
many
though
cited,
his
own
Margites, for
But
is
the
called
still
in
hence
iambic or lampooning
another.
one
as 9
Homer
is
preeminent among
liis
down
of
main
the
lines
Odyssey do to Tragedy.
came
to
their
natural bent:
light,
Comedy,
and
Tragedians,
form of
Comedy
since
Iliad
and
the
His Margites
that the
still
followed
Epic
poets
were
succeeded
larger
by
and higher
art.
as
yet
perfected
its
proper
18
IV.
elBecTLv iKava)<;
II 15-
uTTo
yevo/jievT}
Xo<yo<;.
ap'^rj'i
Xlkcl
828
ov,
?)
1449 a
Si,dvpa/x/3ov,
rj
rj
Kcoixwhta, koX
Se airo
rj
twv ra
air
fxev
(fioX-
Kara
ixi^ofjieva,
/xtKpov
rjv^i'jdrj
X09
[val]
i)
Yj'ya'ye
eh Svo
rj
Kal to 13
tt/owto?
AtV^u-
^eco<; <ye\oLa<;
/J,ev
(xarvpiKrjv
rj
yap
jevofMevr]';
(J)V(tl<;
TrKelcrra
eariv
ev
lafi/Beta Xeyofiev
he
a-tjfjbelov
StaXeKro)
rfj
8.
en
dpjxovia^.
KpLverai.
hammer
vai.
Kal A<=
Kplverai ^
9.
oSv Bekker.
\e|ets
<
r/
fort.
leg.
aXV
Kal ra
Kpivai
Kpiverat
Kal
Forch-
elvai
>
yevo/jihTjs
odv A<=
rj
Kal.
(Mar-
yevo/ji^vr)
d'
Bekker: avrotrxeStacrrtK^s
(pavXiKayel^avXa^.
12.
avToa-xeSLaa-riKri apogr.,
diafjL^veiv
X^^ts iK
Bursian
odf apogr.
-yevofiivr)
10.
apogr.:
Siafjihei
(pavWiKo. A'^
A.
19.
X^^ews Christ.
X^^ews
Omissum
'orationes' Arabs,
i.e.
e^d/j.Tpa
Rbet.
iii.
arifieiov
ttXtj^i?
fiXXa
/cat
7rpo9
t?}? Xe/c-
A.
esse
[yal.'\
Habuit S, ut videtur,
goliouth).
he eTTeKTohicov rrXtjOrj.
rovrov
rfj
arre-
o^\re
(jeiivvvdrj.
ro
ert
'Zo(f)OK\i]<i.
20
8.
28
1408 b 32)
apfxovias
punctum
oh Hermann.
15
ii 14
types or not
in
also
relation
Be
question.
was
that as
be judged in
to
it is
audience,
the
to
or
raises
another
as also
Comedy
may, Tragedy
it
itself,
this
The one
mere improvisation.
at first
19
12
originated
which are
our
in use in
still
new element
Aeschylus
it
first
of
each
found
its
natural
it
stopped,
late
till
many
cities.
plot
was discarded
It
was not 14
one of
for
form
satyric
for the
stately
manner
of Tragedy.
trochaic
The
tetrameter,
in,
appropriate measure.
we
see
is,
in the
it
of all measures,
fact
that
number
other
of
'
episodes
'
embellishments
or acts
added,
was
of
con-
more frequently
also increased,
which
The
and the
tradition
tells.
20
IV. 15
CKaara
ft)?
1449 ^ 29
1449
Xeyerai
earco
epjov
to-o)?
KcofimSla
Se
1^
Xorepcov
4-
Kocrfir]6r]vat
30 TToXv 'yap av
V.
/xev,
wcnrep
icrrlv
eLirojxev
<pav-
fiifirjcnf;
alcT'^pov iarc to
elprjjxeva'
rjfMLV
KaO^ eKaa-rov.
Bie^ievat
eir}
b 11
aXXa tov
<y\otov fMoptov
dvev
1449 b
al
6Svvr)<;.
fjuev
wv iyevovTO ov
St'
(TirovBdi^eaOai i^
o-x^re
ovv
Trj<i
XeX-qdaaiv,
dp'^fj<i
tj
Be Kco/xcpSia Bed to
dW'
firj
')(ppov KcofjiaiBwv
edeXovTol
rjcrav.
Be
7]8r]
7j
Be irpocrunra direBwKev
Ti<;
ScKeXla'i rfkOe,
d<pefjbevo<;
t7]<;
fiv6ov<;.
r]
tmv
irpoXoyov^ 3
fxev
T(f
Kal
to
^6p/jLL<;]
fxev
to Be
ef
dp')(fj<;
lafiBifC7]<i
KaOokov
lBea<;
ovv eiroiroua
6r]aev
rj
irXrjdrj
tj}
iroielv \6yov<i
TpayutBia
/^ep^/Oi fJ^ev
Kal
tov 4
fiifiTjcrif;
dW
'
etridicula' Arabs
aiffxpoO
lect.
fibpibv
(Margoliouth),
ioTt.
Kal
oXiyoi p-h
TTpoXbyovs A'^
#6p/its seclus.
ol
[j.6vov
dXXd /xdpiov
{cm Kal Tb yeXolov.
\6yovs
yap
ecm tov
quod ex duabus
fj.6vov Tb yeXoUv ian
rb yeXoiop
(Susemihl),
(1)
fj.6pi,6v
< iKeWev
Castelvetro
irpbXoyov Christ
Susemihl
dXXd
i.e.
ye\o?ov
Tb
1449 b
Hermann.
TJcrTT]v
>
'E-n-LxO'pt^os
3.
4.
''Ewlxo-pp-os Kal
6.
Kal
^6p/ji.is
post
Arab. )
/jL^v
yuexpt
p^v tov
p-^Tpt^
Ueberweg.
10.
< iv
m^XP'
prjKei.
P^bi'ov
p.eTd
Xbyov Aid.
et,
ut videtur, 2.
15 V.
21
them
enter into
to
in 15
Comedy
is,
we have
as
of a lower type,
said,
an imitation of characters
not
some defect
It consists in
painful
or
destructive.
is
or ugliness
To
take
an
which
obvious
The
history, because it
was not
treated seriously.
voluntary.
Comedy had
when comic
Who
of actors,
main unknown.
Sicily
themes and
his
or
are heard
'
As
came
iambic
'
or
is
who,
first
plots.
far as it is
and
from
originally
differ, in
of.
the 3
increased
abandoning the
then
till
number
at first
an 4
They
in
form.
They
differ,
again, in
the
22
4 VI.
V.
hia^epovcnv
elvat, TavTT)
1235
1449 b
4.
'in he
tm
<e7re\>
jxi^KeL,
-q
fiev
viro fjiiav
fiLKpov i^aXkaTTeiv,
15 Koi
r]
Kairoi to irpwrov
TOVTO) hia(f>epef
Tpaya>hiai<;
ra
ecrrl
ravrd,
jiev
KOI
olhe
jap
fiev
rpajwhla,
Ty
20 virdp'^et
he
avrfj,
<^av\r]<i,
eiroTroda
iravra
ov
S'
hionrep
koi
airovhala'^
olhe
eiroiv
irepl
fjiepv
he
rpaywhia^
irepX
6crTL<;
to,
ral^
ev
6fMoioo<;
enreaLv.
rol<i
rj
ep^et,
ev
rfj
eTroTToua.
VI
ovv
irepl
ev
TYjq
varepov
Kcofiwhla^i
ava\a^6vre<i avrrj^
25
dTrayyeXla'i,
Trpd^eco^ ctttou- 2
^yxp
"^ocovTcov TraOijfidTcov
'^^1'
TaL T7]v
fil/jLTjcnv,
Tpaywhiaf; 6
12.
^\
.^^'^16.
^
'
il\
"^
v|^ Vj
Vw
""^^--^
20.
i4l*<''<;
ij
fjL^v
iireaiv
avTrjL
et
var.
aiiTT]
apogr.
diro\a^6vTs codd.
irad7)ixa.TU3v
Mtro"
i^ avdyKiq'^ dv
ttjv
"Vettori
/cat
lect.
:
aCri;
to he
habuit iam
(Diels),
<:^trel>
15.
/xeXos
seclus.
'in
tl fjboptov
i]
Gomperz
fxh
Arabs.
epesi'
a.vaKa^bvT% Bernays
eKaarov codd.
31.
ju-bvov
29.
30.
fxadri/j.dTwv A<=.
Tyrwhitt.
\e^i<;,
dtacpepovaiv Christ.
omnibus
24.
TjTwliitt
etrj
\eya) he Xe^cv
/xlfirjcnv.
Reiz.
27. eKaffTtp
corr. apogr.
('partes' Arabs).
/jLeX.o<i,
airaai.
:
twv
fiev
coni.
]:.
di.a<pepei.
<-^>
trpwTov
yap TroiovvTat
35 iv TOVTOt<i
''"^
irepaivovcra ti]v
(po/Sov
KdOapaiv.
')(^a)pl<i
Kal ov St!
<C
\^^iw
hpoovrcov
fiopi,oi<i,
eXeov Kal
he
Trepl
/xifJbrjaL'i
'{"
elprjfxevcov
X ^>-
-- ">
roiv
,,.
%^
e'/c
Kal
/xifiijrtK'P]';
he rpajcphla'^ Xeyco/J^ev
irepi
ov(Tla<;.
T7]<;
e^afieTpoL<i
epovfjbev,
/neXos
fjLopia,
'Si
'"y
'''-
';
ARISTOTLE'S POETICS V.
length of the action
possible,
for
4 YI.
23
Tragedy endeavours, as
far as
-^
to
This,
though at
then,
is
some peculiar
what
common
therefore,
knows
its
serious, complete,
is
and
discuss
verse,
now
Let us
Tragedy, resuming
^^^
r"
'
'^
Comedy, we
"^
^^'^
of
j
3
r*
VI
j4
-^
to both, 5
is
poetry
are
Whoever,
Tragedy.
to
some
>
<=^
*si
Of
""^
same
the
first
cT'^^'v^
whereas the
"5
jSs,
*>
'
^
^
H5
said.
kind
of
artistic
is 2
"Vs^^v
in language
>^^3--
ornament, the
form of
in the
By
'language
embellished,'
mean language
through the
medium
By
enter.
'
into
<
which
some parts
as
tragic
imitation implies
persons
acting,
it 4
> o
ment
for
to^ -U^
i.^^
<^
'
Now
are rendered
medium
,iXr.
of
^ io-,.v^
By
'
Diction
iPCfc:;^
xLv.^AA^.^^
24
VI. 4
rwv
avTTjv Trjv
/iev
ttowik;
1450 a
{Bta
Kara re to
elvat
rLva<i
koI
TovTcov
Kal
T}
tmv
Bvo
Trai/re?), ecTTiv
B idvoia v
(^afxev
Troid'i
wpd^ecov
elvat,
rvy^dvovai
Kal
tt}?
Br]
avdyKij
01)9
Tr)v
elval
e'crTt
irpd^ewi 6
fxev
fii/jiijcri^'
roiv TTpay/jbdroyv,
koX
^6p<;
Trpd^ei,^
Kara Tavrat
kui
7J9o<i,
Kal aTTOTvy^dvovai
fxv0o<i
Ta<i
alrlwi
Be
7re(f)VKv
Bidvoiav
eVet Be Trpa^ew?
e'^eL Trdacv.
<ydp
Tiva<;,
16
crvvOeaiv, /xeXoTToiiav Be
fierpoov
1450 a
1449 ^ 36
9-
Be
tcl
r^Or],
ovv
10 eariv
r]
Kal diroc^aivovTai
ravra
rpaycoBla'
r)
Kal
Xe^i<;
yap
ri
rpaya)Bia<; fiepr]
irdarj<i
Bidvoia
/xifiovvTai,
Kal
Bvo
elvai
oi/^i?
ovv <irdvre<i>
6i<i
Kal Bidvoiav
codd.
irdcrav
40.
aMas
Christ
to Oro
apogr.
ws
codd.
<d\Xd
Trdi'Tws (?
add.
Kal yap
eiBecriv
Kal Kara
4.
37.
yap tovtuv
ire<pvKev
8e
Eucken
5??
u>s
diretv
<irdvTes> ws
Trao-t;'
.
rwv
Maggi
navTes in
ivicpvKev
an post
K'^.
iroidi
5^ codd.
5.
6.
KaObk'^: Kad' A
14.
By water
ovk oKlyoi
Margoliouth).
(vid.
apogr.
Travres nescio
/xei''
ev,
Tovroi<i fxev 8
16.
8ia
2.
iravTes)
roc<i
A^
oh
p,e\o<;
3.
oKlyov avrOiv
Kal
f)
1450 a
KadoTTola
9.
elireiv
avrOiv
Maggi
tjOt]
rovTov
Ti<i
Kal
ravra ovBev.
Sta 5^ Zeller.
atVta codd.
iroid
Be fxifiovvrai,
o)?
parenthesi Thurot.
rjdo'i
a)(ravra><i.
fiv9o<i
Ke'^prjvrai
eiirelv
Kal
Kad
Kal fxeXoTroda.
ecrriv,
fMeprj
earl
dvdjKr} 7
yvcofjurjv.
e^,
"2,
sed
eiire'iu:
Rhet.
cf.
i.
1.
1354 a
12,
dXlyov codd.,
suspicor,
dW
49
mean
as for
Song/
'
25
it is
stands.
Again, Tragedy
is
personal agents,
action implies
who
selves
these
natural
thought
actions
and thought.
spring
is
mean
mean
that in virtue of
to the agents.
is
proved,
or,
may
is
By
determine
quality
its
general truth
namely.
Two
medium
And
man
qualities
enunciated.
parts,
Plot,
which
Character,
and three
Character I
I here
be,
these
Hence, the
Thought
it
on
by plot
for
two
the
are
Plot
them-
of actions
and character
from which
causes
necessarily possess
and an
we may
say,
list.
by
and
Thought.
of
all
is
26
VI. 9
o-vaTacn-i'
7rpa<yiJidTU>v
ovK avdpcoTTcov
dWa
145 ^ ^7
14-
Tpa<y(pSia
'yap
i)
he /3lo<;> ev
2o
Kara
Se
elcrlv
7rpd^ei<;
ev8aifxove<;
TeA,09
dvev
25 eTi
he
'r)d(av
6ev
Twv
dv.
al
elcrlv
Kal
prjaei'i
ov
7roi7]at
fMaWov
e')(ovcra
3S he
rj
he
fivdov
eTi
ecrTLV,
aX
re
OTi
Kal
aWa
a/5%r/ fiev
Toh
('
sed in
l]
Guelf.
(TviJLivapa\afjLdvov(Xi.
diavoias codd.
da/xQi Margoliouth.
31.
Spengel
uKpi^ovv
}xvdo<i
"v/^vx^
irpd^et.
Et <vita>
5^ |3^os>
ita
/cat
ii>
codd.,
est in
Trpd^ei,
supplet Vahlen,
i]
KaKoSaifiovla.
(rvfiirapaXafi^dvova-L
(ni/j,w{pi\afj.pdvov(Xiv
A<=.
:
13
dva-
32.
7rpo<i
Kal
rjOecnv
operibus et vita.
dyadQv A\d.
ttoXv
Tpajmhia,
rj
KaKoSai/movla if
22. wpdTTovinv
12
Tpayayhia,
ol irpwTOi irotrjTav
opere')
he
iiy^eipovvTe^ iroielv 14
dWd
irepiireTeiat
01
Kal
\e^ei
rj
i(f>e^'i]<i
TrpayfiaTcov.
40 a')(ehov diravTe^.
18.
ttj
Tt9
ireTTOLrjfieva'i,
epjov,
ylrv^aycoyei
crrjpielov
TrpoTepov hvvavTai
rj
oh
fieytara
p^epT]
yv(opiaeL<;.
edv
Ke'^prj/JuevT]
(Tvaracnv
Kal
fivOov
rd
T0VT0t<i
Tov
Tpaywhla';
Trjt
rjv
ireirov-
riOoypdc})o<;,
eVt
yjOa.
KaTaheeaTepoif TOVTOif
tocovtol,
UoXvyvcoTov
rj6tKd<i
07}
TrXelcTTcov
ttoWoI
6\o)<; TrocTjTol
e^et
twv
vecov
llo\vyva)TO<i dyado'i
Tpaywhia, dvev 11
<yevoiTO
tmv
<ydp
/jiv6o<;
drravTcov.
fxejiaTOV
TeA-o?
ijOrj
crvfiTrapaXafi^a-
r^drj
ydp
fxev
rd
Trpd^eax; ovk dv
fxev
^yevoLT
olov Kal
he
rd^ 10
he
ovkovv oirw^ ra
rpajwhiaii, to
Tpafywhiai
dr]6eL<;
dWd
'iroiorr]'^-
Kara
Tive<i,
rovvavriov.
r)
Td<; 7rpd^et<i'
tt)?
irotol
rjdr]
Trpdrrovcriv,
fjbt/xijawvrac
vovatv Bid
rd
[xev
icrriv
/At/i-r/o-t?
^iov <6
Kol
Trpd^eco';
'
'
29.
Kal
ov-
incidents.
of an action and of
its
end
mode
is
is
life,
of
and
life
action,
consists in action,
not
happy
is
The
without character.
poets
fail in
general this
and here
lies
often true.
It is
devoid
Again, 11
all.
there
may
be
and of poets in
tragedies of
Dramatic
by their
is
or the reverse.
Hence the
action.
a tragedy
10
of character
it
and
Now
quality.
27
of
ethical
Again,
quality.
if
you
string 12
a plot
and
artistically
constructed
incidents.
Tragedy
Eecognition scenes
proof
is,
The
further 14
and precision
plot.
It is the
Plot, then, is
the
first
all
principle, and, as
it
were,
):
28
VI. 15
Koi eVl
icTTLV
KaWlaToa
145 ^ 41
19-
Sevrepov 8e ra
Tpa<yoi)hia<;,
T?}?
1450 b
T?}9 jpa(})iK7]<i
'^vhr^v,
(f)app,dKOt<;
21
yap
ovk av
TovTO 8e
Sidvoia.
icTTtv to
epyov eariv
pr)ToptKrj<;
Xoywv
oU OVK ecm
iv
o Tt [7rpo]aipCTac
SrjXov
cfjevyet
rj
Tt
Be,
6vo/xaaLa<i
[Trei're]
iv
rj
01)9
eariv
kpjjbrjveLav,
7ro\cTiKrj<;
Trapair'Kriaiov
ra
<tcr>a)<;
3.
ovk
eMva
roiv
ydo<;
oXco? ecrrcv
firjS'
Bcdvoca
ecrrtv
iv
Be,
KadoXov
rj
77
\e^t9' 18
Bid
koI
elvac
twv
Bvva^uv.
dre'^vorarov
fiev,
1450 b
vetro.
ecrnv Se 17
Trjv
ttjv avTrjv
'i'^^ei
iroLriTLKr)<;-
oh
Xeycov.
rjBvcr/jbdTOJV,
Be
Be Xocttcov 19
rj
koI rjKtcrTa
t?}?
dpj(aloL irokc-
e')(0V(Tiv
rj
ylrv^aycoycKov
T^
rj
ovk
cocrTrep
20
yap
fiev
diro^aivovTaL.
Xeya
T7]<;
ol
SiOTrep
^evyei,'
rj
rj
i^ev
10 {irpo^atpelrat
15
rplrov Se
TLK(o<;
^^09
7rpd^eQ)<;
fJLifJbrjaa
evcppdvecev
6nola><i
eariv re
jdp 15
irapairX'^a-iov
7]6rj.
ei
145 b
en
Be
o-v/ri9
olKelov
koi
Bvva/j,i<;
Be Kvptcorepa Trepl
re codd.
M. Schmidt.
didnep ovk
9.
owoTd
Xiy^f
X^yuv A<=.
^v
rj
rts iu
(pevyei et iv
oh
fi-qd'
6'\ws ^ariv
12.
S ti
apogr.
similar fact
colours, laid
is
29
seen in painting.
Thus Tragedy
the
is
view to the
action.
Third in order
saying what
is
Thought,
possible
is
that
stances.
is
make
the faculty of 16
is,
and
so indeed
Character
rhetoricians.
purpose, showing
is
what kind
which
that
of things a
avoids.
manifest,
or in
reveals
man
moral 17
chooses or
make
do not
this
proved
to
be
or
not
to
is
be,
or
maxim
is
is
enunciated.
Fourth
Diction
among
by which
the
I
enumerated
elements
and
its
comes 18
said, the
essence
is
among
chief place 19
the embellishments.
parts, it
is
the least
we may be
representation
and
sure,
actors.
is
felt
Besides,
artistic,
its
and
the production
of
30
VI. 19
VII.
tmv
rrjv aTrepyaa-Lav
1450 b 221451 a 4
5.
o-sjrecov
rj
VII
Set
crvaraaLV
rrjv
elvai
tcov
hrj
elvai
35
dWo
fjber
yiveaOaL,
rj
dXXo
7re(f)VKev
/lerd
Be
ev
dWo
eVf^^e reXevrdv,
en
8'
40
'^X^iv
dWd
KaXov ev
av
ov
fo)9
avTO
rrb
fier
ttoXv,
avve(n5)Ta<i
tov<;
Tal'i
/Ji7]6'
TavTa
fxovov
jxr]
to
^mov,
avy')(elTai
oirov
iBeai<i.
elprj/jievaif;
Trpdy/jia
TeTayyukva
tv^ov
KaXov
i^
'7re(}>VKev
eVt
ap'^^eaOai
fieyeOei
yevoiTO
Ti
dXkd Ke^prjaOai
TivSiv
e'/c
dpa
Bel
erv^^ev
KaXov Kal
to
eirel
avveaT7]Kev
rj
/xr]
[juev
ovBev,
oiroQev
fx-qO'
dp'^rjv koX 3
erepov
rovvavrlov
e| dvdjKTj'i
?)
eKeivo erepov.
[ler
fxv6ov<;
Be
reXevrr]
S'
okov Kai
<ydp
avro
Se icrriv o
dp'^rj
elvai
rovro
dXKo Kal
ecTTiv
eyov fieyeOof.
dvdyK7]<i
icmv.
rpay(phia<i
Trj<;
rt fieyeOo';'
i'^ovar]';
elvai fiifX7]cnv
fxrjhev
ttoluv
eVetS^
Trpayfj.drcov,
rrjv
t)fjbiv
ravra
Se
BicopLCTfiivcov
25 TLva
o 4
Bel
to yap
TrdjijJiiKpov
yap
Oeoopia
rj
ov yap
afjia
17
OecopCa ylverai
TO ev Kal TO okov eK
e'irj
^<pov'
Tcbv ^(f>wv
27.
5tj
Pazzi.
Bel KaOdrrep
eirl
')(eiv
fxev ixeyedo<i,
41.
Arabs.
Laurentianus
ware
Bywater
Laurentianus
aW'
Ix.
Trdv
5'
A^.
30.
Trdv ixLKpbv
16.
/^^yeOos
Ix. 16.
A^
/xt;
^^
dvd7K?7S codd.
Trdfi/xiKpov
A^
ira/j./j.iyedes
1451 a
3.
avffTTjiJLdTuv
/at]
irdvv /MKpbv
Bonitz, Spengel
Riccardianus 16
awiidroiv
dvdyKrjs
ii,
Riccardianus 16
tutatur
trdpv jxiya
Bywater.
VII.
more on the
31
VII
us
let
now
discuss
the
is
first
Now, according
to
our
of a certain magnitude;
is
for there
may
whole
follow anything
follows
something
as
some
it.
is
or
is
that
necessity,
comes
to be.
is
beginning
by causal
An
an
be a whole that
is
is
is
wanting in magnitude.
Tragedy
definition,
middle
other
thing
is
follows
it.
well
it
be a picture of 4
magnitude
and
magnitude
order.
for
beauty depends on
for the
view of
it
is
con-
1451 a
moment
of time.
beautiful
for as the
if
it
all
is lost for
in at once,
the spectator
is
necessary,
and a magni-
32
5
5 VIII.
VII.
Kol
ovTco
Twv
eVt
fivdoiv
Tov<}
'^LV
fiev
rod ^rjKOV<i
evfMvrjfMovevTOV elvat.
527
145 1 a
3.
tovto
/jL7]K0<;,
<o>
6po<i
Te^i/779
Tr]<i
Be
tTjOO? 6
/xev
icnlv
el
av
fiei^oiv
TO
a7r\w9
Be
o)?
Kara to
et/co?
rj
VIII
BvaTV^cav fieTa^dWeuv,
S'
f^vdo<;
va
57"
ecTTlv
ovBev
iroWai
elcnv,
ev
ovtco<;
wv
fiia
ovBep,la
dfiapTavetv
7rpoai]KeLv.
25
^vcnv
Bed
6.
ttoctjtmv
Bib 2
'Jipa-
ire'iroi'qKacnv'
wcnrep
Kal
tjtoi,
yap
ttolmv
olov
'TrXrjyrjvac
apogr.
8.
to,
Bid
ovk
Be TrpoaTrocrjaaadat ev
fiiv
evo<;
irpd^i'i.
'TTOiij/JiaTa
"0/u,i]po(;
crvve^r],
irphs
irpd^et^
iTrolrjaev
fxev
tm
aXka
Te'^vrjv
ev
tco
dyepfxw,
KXe^vSpav apogr.
9.
M. Schmidt
sicut solemus dicere etiam aliquo tempore et
Arabs <l)a<nv codd.
17. r^ evl apogr.
rwt yivet A<= (cf.
aliquando
1447 a
koI
^OBvaaeiav
ixavrjvav
add. Bursian
eiiliOacrtv
3'
ToiavTa
eav TrepX
avfi/Salvet, ef a)v
tmv
oaoi
eh
tov fieyedov?.
ylveTai
Uapvaaao),
rjv
Kal tovt
Bia(f>epei
to,
eU
Be
oa(p
'yLyvofievoiV
olovTai
evl
Kara
ev
i^ evTv^ia';
?)
Tive<i
ea-Tiv
i^
eoLKacnv
20 TrdvTe<^
elvat
axTTrep
fiev
earl
elirelv,
[ivLoov]
del
i(f>e^i]<;
BvaTv^lai;
e/c
ov-^
et?
Biopicravra^
to dvajKalov
Se 7
elcodacriv.
opo<;,
P'^xpi'
fj,e'yedo<;'
fiejedeo
aWore
10 /car
'
17).
'
18.
Muv
seclus. Spengel.
ARISTOTLE'S POETICS
may
tude which
the
plot,
33
certain
which can be
5 VIII.
VII.
easily
necessary,
is
so in
and a length
The
sensuous presentment,
had
it
is
no part of
the water-clock,
of the
drama
itself is this
more beautiful
on
size,
to
define
is
limit as
:
fixed
by the nature
depends
And
matter
proper magnitude
we may
roughly,
say
is
For
compete
to
as indeed
But the
other contests.
artistic theory.
hundred tragedies
for a
and
the
that
limits, that
to
VIII
not, as
consist
For
unity; and
so, too,
out of which
error, as
it
life,
there are
many
action.
poems of the
to
man
Hence the
actions of one
kind.
They
he
is
the truth.
all
But Homer,
seems
to
as in all 3
whether
from
'
3 IX.
VIII.
34
Oarepov
ovhev
o)v
irepl
^pr)
35 rivb^
yap irpoaov
tov p,v6ov,
ipavepov
kol
o\r]<;
/ila 4
rj
irpd^eco'^
eirel
to, f^epr]
Be
i)
irpoaov
fxr)
irotel eVt-
fXTjSev
IX
dX\,ai<; fXiH7]TiKal<i
rj
fj,epov<i
oXov
TO
ei/co9
rj
irpay/jidTcov
rcov
o-vveaTCbvai,
rjv
6p,oico<;
Tal<i
fiifJLTjcTL'i
13
filav
ovro) koX
ia-riv
ev6<;
fMLfirja-i^
ava'yKalov
<yevoiievov
aWa
Odrepov yeveadac,
281451 b
145 1 a
5.
roiv
etc
Kal
elpr/fievcov
ov
ore
to
to,
Bvvard Kara to
40 yevotro koX ra
yap
1451 b
[aTopcKO<i Kal 6
Bta^epovaLV,
d/xeTpa
rj
et/co<?
ov
7rotr]Tr]<i
yap
e'lrj
av
/xeTpov
yap
fxev
fjbdWov
'7roL7)cn<i
"TTola
i7riTi9ep,evr],
28.
Tjv
T)
X^yoififv
apogr.
Sia(p4pea0ai
Arabs.
40. [Kal
.
^c
TO,
29.
A<=.
33.
5ia(f>ope?crdai,
habuit
36.
fort,
Kal
cf.
Suvard] Maggi.
.
to,
iroiw tcl 4
ovop-aTa
A.\Ki^idBr}<; eirpa^ev
Kcop.q)Bia<;
rjBr}
tovto 5
"K^yofMev
2,
lect. S,
'
TOVTCfi
10.
&v
35.
8t.a(pdelpea-dai coni.
et
confundatur
oCrw A^.
ov rb apogr.
.
A^
Susemihl.
corrumpatur
38.
4.
Xiyoifxev
Kal
464 b 13
ws apogr.
1451 b
apogr.
ratjTrjs
de Div.
rd Spengel.
tS
fxev,
eaTLV
laTopia
B""
7roirj(ri<i
rj
Tr]<;
TavTT]s
utramque
Trotet, iirlbriKov
TwA'=: TOVTO
ovv
crva-TrjaavTe<i
Vahlen.
Margoliouth
p,ev
eirl
yeyovev
Brjkov
Bib kol 3
rj
crTO'^d^eTai
to Be KaO^ eKaaTov, Ti
eiraOev.
Ti
rj
ov
dvayKaiov,
TO
/;
tov
tc3
iroirjcn'i l(TTopia<i
KaOoXov,
tcl
ei?
fXCTa
Ti<;
Bia<f)epi,
eaTiv Be KadoXov
10^
'UpoBoTOV
laTopia
5 fiev TO,
7]
efXfieTpa Xeyeiv 2
to,
eXrj
7]
to dvayKoiov.
rj
tc3
to apogr.
tcJj
:
apogr.
t6v
A<=.
tovto
IX.
35
incidents between
or probable connexion
is
As
one.
is
one,
is
therefore, in the
when the
other 4
object imitated
an imitation of an
action,
must
parts
if
is
no
difference,
visible
not
is
whole.
IX
It
that
is,
may
happen,
what
is
yj
possible
is
it
The
The work
in prose.
verse,
and
metre no
would
it
of Herodotus
still
than without
less
it.
The true
Poetry, therefore,
is
mean how
speak or
necessity
By
the universal 4
according to
act,
;
and
it
is
this
the
law of probability or
the poet
is
is
difference
happen.
for
example
In Comedy
first
what
Alcibiades
did
The
or
for here 5
^
i
/^
36
s
IX. 5
1451 b 14
lo-
01
8e
iirl
aXnov h
ovv
fiev
rwv
Tpay(pSia<;
Tr]<;
dhvvara.
dWa
ov
/nrjv
Kal rd ovofiara
ov
ou?
on
30
TTOLTjrrjv
eariv,
35
7roLrirr)<i
roiv
14.
oi5
Kard
7roirjrr)<i
BrjKov ovv 9
rrjv fiifirjalv
kolv
rwv
ea-rc
rotavra
yevkdQai,
0X17069
jvcopifjia
7roti]r^<;
KwXvei
Kal
dvre'^ecrdai.
elalv,
KaO^
yevo-
<ydp
dv
ola
elvat
eKelvo<i
etKO'i
avrwv
eariv.
'nequaquam' Arabs:
^jTiTi^e'ao-tapogr.,
Susemihl
quemadmodum
si
quis
Bekker.
15.
22.
iviais A<=.
unum
esse
bonum
oiiTu
r^y A'=
seclua.
Parthenius
Spengel.
Vahlen.
34.
Ka.1
irepl
statuit
codd.,
twj'
r(^
'
cf.
1451 a
apogr.
20.
'Aydduvoi dvOei
at
<evSoKt/j.ovcrai>
26.
^j*
elmt
ev(f)pal,vei'
TrapaSeSofievcov 8
roiv
/xdWov
rd
rat
iv ivlais apogi'.,
'
olov ev
rd re irpdyfiara
Kal rd
Be rd'i 7rpd^et<i.
38.
ovofidrfov,
ev,
eixppaivec 'jrdvra<i.
6)Jbco<;
Troirjrrjv
Bvvard
Kal
icrrlv
ev rovrtp
^Tjrecv, iirel
ovBev
evia
ijevero, el
rpa'ywBlac'i ev 7
ovS'
^rjrrjreov
ovOev rjrrov
jxeva rroielv,
yeveaOat
Sward, rd
rj
he
rpayaBlac
at
rov
fiifiecrat
ixevcav
yap
elvat
eK rovrojv
rd
rat<;
fyvoipifjioiv
ev eviat'i
ofiolco'?
rovro
lydp yeXoiov
Kal ev
ireirolriraL,
7rdvro)<;
rrepl
fivd(ov,
dvr- 6
Sward, ov yap dv
dWd
hvo rwv
rj
TreTTonjfieva,
^AydOcova dvOei'
25 axrr
ovo/xdrcov
fir)
eVtat9 fiev ev
Se
iart
oy^
ttoloxxtlv.
to Svvarov.
yevofxivcov
iriOavov
otl
Trepl
lafx/3o7roLol
^^(ovTai,.
20
36
rpayuiSiai
/cai
dward
U dWuu Tyrwbitt
25.
coni.
yev^:
tQv
and then
ability,
the lampooners
But tragedians
what
that
is
characteristic
inserts
who
possible
is
credible
happened
is
Still
We
must
legends,
it
it
would not
known names,
the rest
in Agathon's Flower,
are fictitious,
unlike
be possible
have happened.
to real
we do not
being
names;
keep
still
37
to
as
less pleasure.
would be absurd
attempt
it
for
Indeed,
maker
'
to
It
all.
since
he
is
historical
there
is
And
he
even
is
why some
possible,
'
subject,
no reason
the poet or
a poet
an
that
follows
clearly
and in virtue
of
if
he chances to take
none the
less
a poet; for
that quality in
them he
is
Of
all
plots
X
"^
38
IX. lo
X.
Xeyo)
'^elpLarai.
elcrlv
iTreLCToSia
iTretaoSLcoSr]
S'
oKkrfka
fxer
1452
1451 b 37
3.
ovr
twv
w ra
ev
jjuvOov
out
et/co?
jxev
a 20
avdyKij
(paiiXoyv
elvat.
Sl
ttoctjtcov
1452 a
ajjiUTa
fydp
vovTe<i
fMvdov
Kol
Bvva/MLV irapaTei-
rrjv
dvayKd^ovruL
Siaarrpe^eiv
<0Tav>
fidWov
OavfJiaaTov
e^et 12
ovTOi<i
iirel
T7]<i tv'^7]<;,
koX
T(ov aTTo
TV'^7]<i
eVtTT^Se?
(palveTat
yeyovevai,
olov
o)?
dvSpcd<;
tov
tm
10 M.LTVL,
yevea-Qai.
elKrj
11
\^KaX\
/judWov
Kol
So^av,
rrjv
yap
to
el
rj
irapd
yevrjraL
dWrjXa'
81'
to
/^tytiT/crt?
rj
(f)o/3p(ov
orav
fidXiara
5
TToWaKL'i
(f)e^r]<i.
dWd
Kot irapd
TToiovvre'i
tou?
dvdyKrj
(ocrTe
eoLKe
efM7r(T(i>v'
tolovtov^
elvat
KaXKiov<i /Mv6ov<i.
etcrl
twv
Be
fivOcov ol
jjuev
wairep
yivofjbevq^
TrepLireTela'i
rj
ireirkeyfievr]
S'
cruz/ep^oO?
t^9
1452 a
2.
A"
:
nrepL-
r)
fjtvdov,
Gomperz.
3.
Se
Set 3
cocrre
e'/c
Bekker
/cat
seclus.
Kal /xdXtora Kal fxSXKov Srav yivrjTaL irapa ttju dd^au codd.
correxit Reiz
apogr.
ylveTai,
17
codd.
lect.
tov
dvev
fitd<i
TavTa
eaTCV.
(rvarTdcre(o<i
Trpd^Lv 2
[juev
dvayvcopca/xov
fieTd^aal<i
rj
Kal
fieTd^aai<;
77
fieTa
r)^
Kpiras apogr.
vaparelvavres A^.
Susemihl.
wpicrTat
ecnlv
avTrj<;
\eyco 8e aTrXrjv
dvayvoiptcrfjiov
d/ji(f)OLV
20 ytveadat i^
difkol ol 8e TreirXey/Mevoi,
fJiL/j,'^crei<;
ovaai TocavTai.
ev6v<i
Trere/a?
oiv
5^ ecTTiv ^^ ^s (h.
5^ irpa^is
ijs
e.
Ueberweg.
5^
-/l
e^Tys)
18.
Valilen
5' ^o'TtJ'
:
^s
SusemiM
5^
Se e^ ^y vel 5^ Trpa^ts
'
epeisodic
in
'
lo X.
39
acts suc-
Bad
by
poets, to
the
please
players
their
own
beyond
capacity,
good
fault,
as
for,
its
tinuity.
But
Tragedy
again,
is
an
effect
by
surprise
same
best produced
is
;
and the
when
effect
will then
striking
for
The
one another.
be greater than
themselves or by accident
to be
on
constructed
We may
of design.
Plots,
tragic 12
they happened of
if
him.
all
is
wonder
of
Such
pitiful.
fell
festival,
due
these
to
upon
and
his
killed
mere chance.
principles
are
show
life,
of
Simple or Complex,
which the
plots are
An
a similar distinction.
for
the actions
an imitation, obviously
action
which
is
one and 2
when
Complex
accompanied
by
both.
action
is
by such Eeversal,
These
last
should
or
arise
by Eecognition,
from the
is
or
internal 3
40
X. 3
TMV
TO
avfi/Salveiv
yiyveadat ravra'
trdai,
pbTaj3o\rj,
OISlttoSi
To5
to
w?
Trpo?
P'^vo'i
TOV
davelv,
Tovvo/xa
(piklav
et?
he
KaXKla-Trj
35 wpccrfxevcov
TreTetat
fiev
yivoyvTai,
dWai
ovv Koi
Treirpaye Tt9
et,p7]fMevr)
1452 b
TTCTeta
i)
22, ravra
commate
delete
36.
Fort, otav
By water.
^(ttiv
a.])ogr.
ws
fKeov coni.
:
(ireidr]
to.
dXX'
irpd^ecov
7)
Kal irept- 4
dvayv(opia-c<?
varepa Gomperz.
seclus. Zeller,
post /xera^oXri
TL
Gomperz.
38.
Tpaywhia
rj
Vahlen.
35.
39.
Susemihl.
1452 b
1.
oioji'
ecrrLv
66'
apogr.
Kad' &
Susemihl.
Gomperz.
6t ucrirep Ric-
<6>irp Gomperz.
:
el ixt)
</j.d\LaT' eav
v-n-bKeirai.
a/ta nepLveTdq.
^M^^apogr.
/cat
< >
probante
Essen,
eanv
KadaTrep dpr)Tai,
25.
Gomperz
uxnrep A<=:
i<XTlv
<6>Trep Spengel
avpLpaivei A.
5^
d-yjrv^a
7rpb<;
rj
ToiavTrj
ad wdTrep X^yonev
cvfi^aivnv
elalv 3
koX yap
(jjo^ov, o'iwv
rj
34.
rj
Kal
yap
ravavria Bonitz
gloss,
jrpoypTjTai
cardianus
irepi-
fxcfXTjaa
tanquam
eXeov e^ec
oTav d/xa
firj
r)
tc3
rj
hvaTv^iav
r)
&>?
ec
r]
ev
77
koI 2
p,eTa^oXrj
OlhiTrohc.
dvayv(apLcri<;,
e')(L
&)?
diro-
wcrirep
he,
evTV^iav
dvayvcopia-et';'
40
he
olov
dyo-
puev
uKoXovdcov
eh yvwcnv
7rp6<i
09
S7]'kcoaa<;
Treirpayfievcov
dvayv(iipLaL<;
i^ dyvoia<;
eyjdpav TOiV
elf
rj
tmv
e/c
koI
OlSiirovv
Aavao'i
he
avve^rj
Be
wairep iv
aadrivai.
a7}/j,aiveL,
tov
(po^ov,
jxrjTepa
dTrodavovjjbevo'i,
6i<i
civayKalov
77
evcppavMv
Tr)v
tovto
kuI
etpr^Tai,']
etVo<?
30
Kara
rj
et9
rj
{^Kaddirep
eX9ci)u
diraWd^ayv tov
fierd rdSe.
tj
Xeyofiev kuto,
coa-irep
i^ avdyKrjii
7)
Biacj^epec
25 TOfievcov
1452
1452 a 21
4.
irpo'ye'yevriiievwv
Iko<;
XI
XL
41.
AP.
Kal>
olop A^.
TreptTr^reta
2.
Iri
ARISTOTLE'S POETICS X.
3 XL
41
makes
all
It
is
XI
is
Thus
in
ing
him from
who he
by
is,
reveal-
Again in
effect.
is
is,
to
slay
Danaus
that
him
but the
killed
is
and
Lynceus saved.
Recognition, as the
name
indicates, is a
change from 2
of recognition
is
most
of the
trivial
Again,
kind
may
we may
recognise
1452 b
But
is
as
we have
persons.
is,
sents.
.3
some-
Moreover,
it is
upon such
XL 5-XII.
42
eVfc
iirel
orav y
fiovov,
avayvcoplaai,
Set
avayvdopiai^i 5
r)
olov
Trj<^
afji<j)OTepov^
^Opecnrj
to5
'l(f)Lyev6La
fxev
t]
i7riaro\r]<;, eKeivov he
t?}?
7rp,-\frea)<i
tov erepov
7rp6<;
Srj\o<i
dveyvcopLcrdr] eK
hrj
Oarepov
3-27
1452 b
3.
cf)6apTLKr)
OdvaroL
koi
[jovtwv he
etpT^rat,] 7rd6o^
koi
Trepccohvvlat
irepi- 6
iart,,
irdOot;.
ohvvqpd, olov ot re ev
i)
at
ravr
jrepl
fMepi]
rpirov he
tc3
he
ecrrt
(pavepoi
kuI
Tpd)aeL<;
ocra
Toiavra.
XII
rpaywhia'i
he
[f^^PV
rdhe
Ke^oopicr/jbeva
KOLvd
20 Kol
fiev
to
he
'X^optKov
25 CTTdaL/jLov
Tpoxct'i'OV,
diTO
3.
he
T)
yu,eA,o?
fiept]
eireLbr)
2, ut videtur.
Bywater
iKeivcp
9.
K6/J,fjLoi
del.
Trept
4.
Maggi
Susemihl.
oXrj
27.
AVestphal
oh
fj.h
wj
eraipov
eKeivov
non habuisse
10. tovtwv di
re apogr.
7.
irepov
trepl
6\ov
dire
19.
apogr.
26.
:
eipyjraL
15.
A<=.
kolvo,
A<=.
e'ideai dei
hel 3
ethecri,
codd.
raiVd Twining.
di
Koi
<TOiV>
i^^^
co?
fiev
12.
xopov,
dvairaiCTTOv
oh
seclus.
/ieXo?,
oXtj
x'^P'^^
0' 77 Bekker.
Bernays
grepos
-rrepl
xopov
\e^L<;
iird
arepo^
seclus.
(Margolioutli)
KOivo<i
he Tpay(phia<i
codd.
eaTt
dvev
'^^
dprjvo<i
videtur
Totum hoc
crKrjvrj^
rrj^;
o\ov rpayw- 2
fxepo<i
irpcoTTj
rj
X^P^^
apogr.
5.
ovk
jxeO^
fjuev
he
KO/jip,o<i
AP'-.
e^oho<i
irdpoho'i
crKrjvrj<i.
7ret 57}
eireLaohtov
oKov Tpaywhia'i
lxepo<i
eh a hiaipelrai
Trdpoha TO he crrdaifMov
fxev
Sta? TO irpo
hel '^prjcrdac
ethecTL
irocrov koI
irpokoyo'^
ecrriv,
d'rrdvrojv
Ko/xfjioi.
Tpayrphla'i
to?
/xev
he rb
TOVTOV TO
Koi
"^opiKov,
ol?
Kara
16 irporepov eoiro/xev,
fih
tQv add.
oh fih
8ei
A".
XL 5 XII.
ARISTOTLE'S POETICS
may happen
it
when
by the other
may
is
recognised
known
already
is
or
it
Thus Iphigenia
sides.
make
required to
Two
revealed
is
Orestes
known
and the
by the
on the
is
to Iphigenia.
Orestes
to
Incident.
XII
the latter
tion
43
third part
is
is
the Tragic
a destructive or painful
wounds
like.
We
now come
parts into
to
which Tragedy
is
divided
and Stasimon.
into Parodos
plays
peculiar to
the
this
is
The Exodos
Chorus
the
is
the Stasimon
or trochees
and
actors.
the separate
being divided
common
to all
the
last
These are
namely, Prologue,
Commoi.
The Prologos
precedes
the
first
is
Commos
The
is
is
The Episode
is
between complete
after
it.
Of the Choric
undivided
utterance
of
part
the
parts of Tragedy
44
XII.
3 XIII.
^pija-dac Trporepov
a Siaipelrat
XIII
MV
Se
ravr
icjie^rj'i
av
ovv Bel
dirXijv
dWd
fit,fL7]TLKJ]V,
irpwTov
fxifiriaeoi^ ecTTiv,
avBpa<i
Tr]<i
BvcTTV^^iav,
vvv
t?}? Tpa'y(pBla<i
iireiBr)
elpTj/jbivoi'i.^
KaWiaTTj'i Tpa'y(pBia<i
koX
7a/3
ovtc
ea-TiV
wv
e;^ei
ovT
ecTTiV
tov<;
oils'
eh BvaTv^iav
dvOptoTTov e^OL dv
5
rj
av tov
ovTe
crcfjoBpa
to
fieTaTTLTTTecv'
ToiavTrj crvcrTa(TL<i
X^ovvTa, 6 Be irepl
Be
(j)o/3epov
X.ot7ro9.
tov
irepX
dW
Be
TOtovTa
ovTe
Tr}V
fjueydkr}
30.
2.
S}i>
BvaTv^iav
apogr.
wj
a5 rbv apogr.
Ritter,
ovtcov
Bo^T]
A<=,
:
dXkd
6 firjTe dpeTrj
koI
Bi
ovTe eXeov
6.
?Xeos ij^v
Slwovs A,
ovTe
dpa tovtoov
twv
OlBiirovi
kol
jxeTa^dXkwv
a5 t6 A^.
Bvcttv-
tov dvd^iov,
Ttvd,
olov
e|
yap ^l\-
Bca<f)epcov
dfiapTi av
evTV^ia,
ekeeivov
ekeeivov
fieTa^i)
eh
ovBev
Trovrjpov
fiev
fiev irepl
&crTe
o/jlolov,
to avfi/Satvov.
ecTTai
ecTTt
eU
aTV^ia'i
e^
p,0')(6T]poi)^
(f)o^o'i
kol
ToiavTT)<i
Tr}9
Bel,
<f)o/3ep6v
evTv^ia<;
fir]
(po^epMV
TavTrjv
et?
Bei
fiiapov
TOL<i
TreirXey/Jievrjv
35 iXeeivcov elvat
to ttoctov koI
Be
\eKTeov
eir]
a 12
icrrlvJ^
aro'^d^ecrdaL Kol
Sel
281453
Kara
etirafiev,
Ke'^copcafiiva
epyov,
1452 b
3.
ev
Kal
1463 a
12.
Oldiirovs apogr.
3 XIII.
as elements of the
The
is
quantitative parts
divided
As
XIII
45
the sequel to
we must
said,
at,
what he should
and by
A perfect
seen, be arranged 2
It should,
'''./
the
that the
place,
first
it
^.
''-i^-for
1453
merely shocks
this
for
the
hibited.
it
would
to
by the misfortune
event,
therefore,
of a
will
pity
man
be
neither
nor
just,
that of a
or depravity, but
be
man who
one who
is
is
by some
highly
is
^^^\^'e~^
Such an
terrible.
'
nor^ \ ^
error or
Nor,<<'"^''6^'^N
v'
3,
satisfies
fear.
ourselves.
pitiful
^
'
<-
like
^^
\^ *
prosperity --X-^S -^''
^
Tragedy it\
neither
or
.3.
moves ^^
man\>
plot of this
forth
calls
it
'
Nor, again,
us.
a possesses
^^
fear, this
It follows
and
we have
tragedy should, as
'
it
He must
>*
^l\ ^
XIIL 38.
46
uearT]<; koI ol
apa
dvayKT]
15 /xaXkov
ovK
koXm'?
evrv^lav
et9
CK
afiapriav fjbeydXrjv
rj
20
rj
tou9
Troirjral
ot
7<x/3
nvh
j)aai, koX
aWa
Sia
/xr}
rovvavrtov
fxdWov
TV')(ovTa<i
fiv6ov<;
aWoi<i
crv/ji^e/3r]Kv
Kara
25 ovv
Opecnrjv
Bio Kol
Kol
yap
TOVTO
iaTLV
al
TOcavTat,
tmv
ttoitjtwv
XeyofievT]
vtto
tlvwv eaTiv
irpoiTrj
35 re
Tr]v
avaTaaiv
TeXevTMcra
e^
BoKel Be elvai
rot?
Bid
nrpoiTrj
fjurj
Trjv
rj
tcov
dWd
oIkovo/xcI
rj
^OBvaaeia,
Kal
om.
iatn S.
rj
Kal
'^elpocnv.
OedTpwv dadeveiav
ev')(rjv
to?9
iroLOvvTe'i
rjBovrj 8
Thurot
avrol
Reiz
28.
<al>
iroWai Knebel
TroXXat
<;ai> Tyrrell.
dedrpuv A^ et S, ut videtur
34.
cnjaraffis
1449 a 9,
Herod, vi. 21 ^s SaKpva '^ireae rb derjTpov, Aristoph. Eq. 233 Tb yap dearpov
5et,i.6v): OeaTuiv apogr.
39. avrr) <}]> coni. Vahlen.
seclus.
Twining.
37.
BcttX^jv
8'
BevTepa
[crycrTacrt?]
^eXTioac
ev
(palveTai.
KaOaTrep
6'^ovaa,
ivavTia<;
Be
arifxelov
dv KaTopdoiOwcnv, Kol
(palvovTai,
aXka
rpaycp-
rekevrwcnv.
TpayiKcoTaTO'i ye
el
Tat<;
opOov.
e'cprjTat
crKrjvcov
to,
l^vpc7riB7]f;
TavTr}<i
e/c
Bvcrrv^lav
Kal
fiev
rj
ol ^vpnrlBr] yKa\ovvT<; 6
et?
Mcnrep
30 /jueyiCTTov
KooTaTac
avrov
-TToWal
6(tol<;
7rotr]aai,.
rj
koI
T^\(f)Ov
rpaywhia
KaWlarr]
iari.
(TVcndaco<;
TYj'i
koL
iraOelv heiva
ri-^vv^
ttjv
vvv
Svecrrrjv
i)
fxev 5
aTrrjplO/jiovv,
yieXiaypov Koi
ot
KoX
i^
aWa
^\ti,ovo<;
rj
eLvat 4
fxerajBaXkeLV
/jbo^drjpuav
oXov elprjrat,
arjfielov Se
'^elpovo'i.
airXovv
jxvdov
ZvcrTV')(ia<i
SvaTVVLav,
eh
evTvyia';
e7ri^avel<i dvSp<;.
e'^ovra
SlttXovv, axTTrep
rj
jevMV
tcov tolovtwv
e'/c
rov
1339
1453 a
(cf.
men
Thyestes,
47
other
or
illustrious
of such families.
A
in
Oedipus,
like
its
The
from good
to bad.
It
The
At
our view.
came
first
we have
frailty,
described, or better
Now,
in their way.
on
Hence they
who
censure
Euripides
principle in his
as
we have
plays,
just
many
because
he
are in error 6
follows
this
of
It
is,
is
plays,
if
in effect
management
he
as
in the general
is
felt to
is
be the most
some place
first.
Like the
Odyssey,
it
has a double
good and
what he
writes
by the wishes
audience.
The
48
v..
8 XIV.
XIII.
40 aXXa
fidWov t^?
eyOtaTOL oiaiv iv
<f>tXoL <yv6/jiV0i
ovSeU
XIV
1453b
20
yap
eKec
av
ot
ovhev6<;.
VTT
eaTiv
/xev
,
"
sjv
a
ecrrtv be
jLyveaaai,
hel
401453 b
OLKela'
Ka)fi(pSla<;
ra>
,j-
eK
Trj<i 6'\jrco<i
avcna(Te(o<i
rr)^
ovrco
rcov
Kol iXeelv
e^ avTrj^
/cat
Trpajfjudrcov, oirep
1453 a
4.
t%
to Se Sid
(fiplrrecv
dv irdOoc
direp
avfM/SatvovTcov
rtov
Ti<i
oyjrea)';
01
e<7TLV.
to ^o^epov Bid
firj
dXkd
Bid
ytit/iT^creo)?
(bavepov
15
oiKelav.
Trjv
TpaywBia
ovv Beivd
dvayKT]
Xd^fOfiev.
Brj
ToiavTa<; irpd^ei';
rd's
ovv
iydpo'i
uvto to
oTav
hv Bonitz
exOpov
8'
hv
ev
ol
Tal<i
codd.
dTX''^'''^P''
-A-*^-
Khf
elvai
r)
irdOo'i'
^iK[ai<i
ol
16.
Ueberweg.
ovB'
Spengel
dv
irotSiv
dv
eyyevr^rai
oiid'> iXeeLvop
aXXrjXovi 4
irpo^
ovTe
Spengel.
Srj
iroia
avfiTTiTTTOVToyv,
jj^eTepwv.
ekeeivov
kut
ttXtjv
ot
<^i\wv
e-^fdpcov
ovBev
/jueWoov,
repov apogr.
rj
rj
ttoitjt^v,
i/j,7roi7)Teov.
tmv
<})aLVTai
ej^Opov,
20 eyovre^;'
40.
oiKTpd
rov
irapaaKevd^eiv
r)Bovr]V
irola
rj
Be ttjv utto
eirel
Bel
to
kolvoj-
ft)9
dWd
o-v/re&)9
t?}?
fxev
ovts
jJ,r)BTpco<i
Ta
1453 b
5^ codd.
4\eeu>bv
irdOr],
8.
drexvo18.
< (po^epbv
It
who, in the
1453 b
may
but they
piece,
poet.
which
This
is
to
who
and melt
to
is
means
we should
the impression
But
like Orestes
place.
is slain.
may
also result
is
enemies
Xiy
49
is
and Aegisthus
8 XIV.
to
what takes
receive from
produce this
aids.
to create
Tragedy
for
of
And
it.
afford
is
is
proper
imitation,
it is
upon the
incidents.
which
who
to one another.
If an
enemy
kills
an enemy, there
is
again with
indifferent
persons.
is
pitiful.
who
So
tragic
XIV.
50
o&X^o?
olap el
-q
vws
4 S
1-5
eSieK/^iiov
Spa, Tovra
;:
vro?
17
fjofrepa avoKrei^ei
:-54
^^
varcpa ^ P'^*IP
rj ti, aXXo tovoutov
fieXXei
avv
irtipeCK.'q^itevavii
t^
^^ktrraifivrjc-rpav
Tovq ftep
^ifnfTeop.
a 3
\eya
Se otop
^va/tep
vpa^cp,
o-a^tetrrepop.
wnrep
Set
yap
etrri iiep
01
^vyvda-
ictu
?a2ia?
eartp
Mj^Seidv.
"npr
Be
irpa^qd,
fjuev,
aup
35
e^
atrwep 6
rov BpdfiamK, ep
AXxpaiav 6
S* airry
'AjcrrvSofutpro^
Tpavpa-na, X^hvaa^eZ.
en
t TpaiyaBia
6 TijXe^opo^ 6 ev
Be rpirop
to t yap piapop
owaBih yap
Bemepop.
ej(i,
Kpeopra 6 MpMBP.
ftrj
firj
elhoTai;,
Trpa^ai
Ktu ov rpayiKov
a, pri oXtydKi<:,
to C irpa^ai 8
vpa^u, Trpd^avra
l^
IW
vScfisai-
Kfihne^v Si
-ri
iss&z
t^
vapa rtwra ro
ajpouw avayvco-
ri
j(jdpurrap-
/jl^v
olov
AffmSvTU )ih>
iamrp>i^iema.- -rk
-re
ykp
iu.a.pat'
51
kills,
or intends to
for
if,
example, a brother
his mother, or
of the kind
by the
done
is
was
that Clytemnestra
these
He may not
poet.
the 5
by Orestes
slain
of his own,
us explain
more
what
clearly
meant by
is
skiKiil handling.
The action may be done consciously and with knowledge of the persons, in the
manner
It is thus
an example.
the
slay her
may
be done,
one
Astydamas, or Telegonus
is
drama proper
Again, there
tie
The Oedipus
Medea
children.
third
may
in
case,
the
it
is
outside
falls
within
Alcmaeon
cite the
Wounded
of
Odysseus.
is
just 7
persons,
without
1454
and
But of
a therefore,
instance,
is
being
to act.
tragic,
These are
done.
for
is
the worst.
knowing the
It is
shocking
no disaster follows.
It
however,
is
in
it
better
Still
is,
One
Haemon
way
is
better, that
vlov
Be
KoX iv
at
TOVTO,
dX)C diro
Te^i/779
dvayKa^ovrai ovv
TTOtoy?
XV
ovv
jiev
'TTepl
Tvepl Be
rd
rerrapd
oirco'^
iroifj
20 irpoaipea-lv
Be
iv
riva
ye
dvBpelov
25 dvBpeiav
Kparel
5.
Tt
p,ev
<5^
t)
(pvyrjv
aXK"
5 coni.
Diintzer
TpiTov
Trpd^a
ecmv
'^pTjarr}
Kal
ydp 2
ecrTiv
Be to o/xocov.
"EWt;
9.
20.
Vahlen
'AvtiStttj
to
tovto 3
Valckenaer.
secludendum,
<ijv>Tiva <S>7j Bywater:
(? cf.
irpoaipefflv Tiva
apfj.6TTovTa coni.
tj
rj
dpfioTTOv yvvaLKi
ov'^
19.
&v>
Be ^do<; p,ev
^prjcrrijv.
elvat.
vel
Kal
iKavci)<;.
e^ei
\0709
olKLWi
Bel aro^d^ecrdai,
a>v
y.
(jiavepbv
rd<i
rjOo';,
Betvr]v
r}
drro
av(TTdaea><;
eiprjTaL
BevTepov Be Ta dpfioTTOVTa'
iaTcv.
(jiavXov
icrrcv
'^prjo-rd
Kal
tcroi<i
ovk
irdOrj.
^priarbv Be idv
[77],
eKoxTTW yevei'
Bov\o<i, Ka'iTOL
ravra^
iirl
tjOtj
TroWd
Trepl
ydp
TrpayfiuTcov
roiv
rrj'i
elvat
Tivd<i
rrj
rbi'
dveyvcopiaev,
ov
ecprjrat,
^7]TovvTe<;
elcrlv.
rv')(7}<;
iv Tol<i iiv9oi<i.
aXK"
ov,
iraXai
oirep
TpayipBlaL
McpoTT?/ fxeWei
r/
Be
7)
yap
yevq
Kpea(f)6vT7]
airoKreivei
^I(J3C'yevLa
rfj
'EW77
10 Bid
tw
olov iv
aTTOKTelveiv,
7]
KpariaTov Be to reXevralov, 9
avayvMpKTiii iKTrXrjKTLKOv.
\ej(o
425
1454 a
3-
Be dvajvoopiaai'
5
8 XV.
XIV.
52
Arab.)
< ^xoira,
biroia.
tis
Siv> y
24. rt ^609
Gomperz
23. to
Hermann
liouth).
Unde
Diels ry dvSpeiav
veram lectionem
Teiecerit,
scribendum
coni.
ware
fi-qd^
<palve<76ai
8 XV.
53
made
There
afterwards.
case
when
the best, as
is
is
produces a startling
life.
liis
in
up.
This, then,
when on
why
is
who he
is,
the
sister recognises
was not
art,
is
spares
time.
us,
last 9
Merope
in the Cresphontes
brother just
The
effect.
It
course
to
They
their plots.
history contains
moving
XV
of the incidents,
of the plot.
aimed
Now
of
it
will be
good
if
to each class.
slave
being,
to
First,
at.
must be good.
aim
the purpose
is
though the
woman may
but for a
propriety.
woman
appropriate.
to
There
is
is
relative
a type of
be valiant, or
Thirdly, character
the character
be said to be an inferior
This rule
good.
terrible,
manly valour
would be
must be true
to life
infor 3
XV. 37-
54
rod
'yap erepov
wcTTrep
Ti?
ava)fia\o<i
to
-^prjcrTOV
ttjv
tw
iv
ri6ov<i
T^9 Me\avi7nr7}<;
Tj
35
XP^
^^
^^
'^^''
ware
rov
dva<yKalov
rocovrov
rd
ecKO'i,
kol
rj
dvajKalov ^
roiavra
rovro
on
rwv
i]
M?;8e/a drrb
iv rfj
elBevat,
Tj
ocra rrpo
fXTj-yavfj
rov
rj
ytveaOai
rj
f^rj
ra
'IXtaoi
rfj
'^prjareov iirl
ra
rrepi,
rov
e^(o
fye<yovev
d Betrai
varepov,
ocra
rj
Kal iv
fir]Yavrj<i
eLK0<;,
nrparreiv
1454 b yu.u^(uv
irpa'y- 6
ro
rj
rovro
fMerc
(f)avepov ovv
eiK6<i.
Xeyetv
varepa.
rrj
rfj
to dvajKalov
rj
Av\IBl
iv
rj
iKerevovaa
rj
warrep Kol iv
TjOecTiv
'^^^'^
fjudrcov
eotKev
fMij
ZKvWrf Kat
Trj
rov Be dvco/xaXov
pijai^,
ovBev yap
Kai
aTTpeTTOv'i
^ItpLyeveia'
ecTTiv 5
dvayKaia^ olov
firj
rov Be
'OpeaTrj,
<yap 4
tolovtov
Kat
Kav
ofxaXov.
irape^cov
/Jbifjirjcrcv
to
8e
ojdo'i
reraprov
eiprjrac.
261454 b
1454 a
Kai
rrpoa'yopevcreco'i
KadSXov
(^(mi/
woman, and as a
secludendum
fort,
quem
Spengel,
Bywater
seq.
E.
33.
Exemplum
Sus.
Bywater,
(Margoliouth).
refert,
Hermann
dprirai.
Susemihl.
ed.
1,
32.
rj
1454 b
3.
pTJffis
<tov>
coni.
tQv /jlvBuv
38.
cf.
<ws>
5.
A'=.
seclus.
Bywater.
Vettori
Hermann.
dTrovXovv apogr., S:
W.
olov
'Odvaa^ws
intercidisse
dvayKoiov
39.
fort, recte.
e'iprjTai
uxrirep statuit
30.
37 et 38.
Cbawep
27.
all.'
lacunam ante
dvayKa^of] Gomperz.
[/xrj
Christ.
Susemihl, Christ.
Commate
is
iiTrep
dvayKaias Thurot
Miiller,
Kal TovTo
rule
:
fiira
Trph
rod
ARISTOTLE'S POETICS XV. 37
this is a distinct thing
the
of the
subject
be inconsistent,
is
imitation,
consistency
who
for
we have
in the
though 4
still
As an example
Menelaus
described.
55
Orestes:
of
her later
As
no way resembles
self.
aim
Thus a person
either
of a
just as
this
sequence.
of the plot,
1454 b
It
is
no
less
Deus
ex Machina,
as
The Deus
ex
of
Machina should
the range of
lie
beyond
require to be
ayyeXla'i'
airavra
akoyov Se
firjhev elvau
eVet Se
tw
1)
rpajMSla
e^co
jjurj,
So^o/cA-eou?.
/SeXriovcov
dya6ov<;
tov<;
fjUfietadat
tm
OISlttoSc
opdv.
60t<;
Kad >
<rj
Td<i
TavTa
irapa
ef dvdjKrj<;
Kt,<i,
to,
Brj
tov
olov
aKkrjpoTrjro'i]
0/jLr]po<;.
TTOcrjTtKr]'
Troirjrrjv
raXka
/juLfiov-
rotavra
tcl
eirl
{TrapdhetyjJba
'
'Ypd(f>ovcnv'
Koi
elKOvojpa(f)ov<i'
KaWLOV<i
Kol
20
Tot<;
Te<i
ej(pvra<i
5
airoSlSofiev
iv T049 Trpdyfiacrtv, el 8e
yap
fjievov
629
to iv
iariv
/jbl/jirjai<i
Bel
rj/j,d<;,
1454 b
3.
<yap
Tpa<y(pSLa<i, olov
Trj<i
10
7 XVI.
XV.
56
'A^iWea ^Ayddoov
ScaTrjpelv
Set
dKo\ovdovaa<i
ala6j](Tei<;
ttj
e'iprjTai,
Be
avTOiV iv
irepl
toI<;
iKBeSofievoi,<i
X07019
licav(xi<;.
XVI
dvayvcapiaa Be
tl /xev
25 dcrTepa<i
o'iov<i
KOL TOVTcov Tu
Bid TOiV
rj
tw
iv
t6 vel
tQ apogr.
ttj^
rb
ov\rj<;
A"
ra Aid.
17
(R. Ellis).
ol
TrXela-TT)
apogr.
A".
29.
<6>
iificis
A: 5 apogr.
A".
irXeia-Tyj
i)
(tk6l4>7)s
eKTO'^,
cr/ca^?;?.
'^elpov, olov 3
7)
^ Kad'
rets A'=.
olov apogr.
9.
St]
27.
Ta Be
r?/?
Stahr, Mar-
Bywater.
16. 5?? Se? Aid., Bekker
rd vel Ttt Trapa tols apogr. ras Trapa
pauca.
rj
dX\,a)<i
^^Ss codd.
"
Be iTTiKTr/Ta,
to,
^ekTtov
r)
elBrj
TrXeiaTr)
Vrj'yevel'i
Tvpoi Btd
tt]
ecTTLV Be
^OBvaaev<i Bid
^opovcn
jjbev
fj
tovtoov Be Ta 2
cnj/xeicov.
rjv
Kap/ciVo?,
%ve(JTr)
8.
uTe^voTdTT] koI
rj
" Xoj^rjv
olov
avfji(f)VTa,
irpoTepov
ecTTLV, e'iprjTai
'Odvffcrevs
'
irepidippea
ensis
'
Arabs,
Bywater.
17. ras
23.
A=
wapa
aTex'^^To-Tri apogr.
22.
ij
apogr.
vepl
a-ird6r]s
A^.
dipaia Aid.
2, ut videtur
7 XVI.
for to the
we
power
ascribe the
nothing irrational.
it
gods
57
Such
is
common
an imitation
is
form
distinctive
which
the
true to
is
in
poet,
indolent,
preserve
Achilles
the
of
likeness
So too
men who
representing
or
have
other
the
type
is
make
beautiful.
original,
life
defects
are
irascible
or
should
character,
of
In this way
it.
Nor should
portrait-
the
who
of persons
example of good
level, the
among the
concomitants of poetry
is
much room
But
for error.
for
enough
of this
XVI
We
What
Eecognition
will
now enumerate
First, the
wit, is
been
has
is
its
least artistic
by Carcinus
explained.
introduced
already
kinds.
in
recognition
such as
'
their bodies,'
his
by
signs.
Thyestes.
or the stars
Others are
is effected.
by
Even
Thus
in
XVI.
58
30 Tpocf)ov KoX
TreyotTrere/a?,
(acnrep
a ^oiiXerao
eveyKelv.
1455 a (pcov^.
TpLTT)
hia
roU
on
Hor)(p6poi<;,
dpa
yap
Kal
eXijXvOev.
etVo?
7]
<6>
34.
fit
vicinum
eo
quod
Toia{iTr]
W.
Bywater
'OpeVrT^s
Spengel.
'
ev
4>y)(fi-,
TpLTT]
t(J5
" KepKiSos
7]
Ac.
3.
(pcovriv
apogr.
xXo^^6pots
Reiz
'Opea-r-qs seclus.
d.Tro\6y(p apogr.
7.
A<^.
r;
kXvu)."
fix^ecr^at
A<=.
(pLvidan
5'
Jlo\v-
yap rov
Kal
Kal
vocem
7)
Vahlen,
38. Alia
A.'^.
'^ocpoKXeovs Trjpel
rj
rj
ovOeh
eoBcKTOV TvBel,
Kal iv to3
dioTi tyyii^
iv 6
Be
irvOr)
d8e\(pr)
rrjv
olov
ofioi,o<;
^l(f>iyeveia<;'
on
avWoyiaacrdai,
OpecTTTjv
ISovra, 5
ri
avWoyLcrfiov,
iXrfKvOev,
T7]<i
K6pKlBo<;
rrj'i
alaOecrOai
e'/c
97
n<;
ofioto'i
rj
/jLvrjcrOel^;
Be
'OpecTTT;?, ovro'i
Trjpel
rat
iyyvf rt
e^rjv
A.iKatoyevov<i, ISoov
iv
7)
areyvot. 4
'Opeo-T?;?-
Bcb
/iivdo<;'
earlv,
fjiVT]/ji,7]<?
KuTrptoi?
picrdTjcrav.
on
Xo(/)oA,eoi'9
plcrd-q
at /xev
fieXriovi.
iroirjTov, hio
aX\' ou^
dfjiaprla'?
tm
iv
rj
77
yap
elal
^iiTTpoi'i,
rov
t?}? i7naTo\7J<i,
Kal iv
rj
rot?
iv
7)
7roir]Tr]<;
elpijfievrj'i
dXX
^ ^^
\<^L<yevela aveyviopiaev
rrj
yap Bia
35 eKeivrj fxev
1455
crv^oroiv'
tcov
ireiroirjixevai, vtto
olov ^0pe(7Tri<; iv
uiairep
vtto
aX\ci)<;
Sevrepat 8e al
Tr]<;
1454 b 30
6.
iricTTew'i
etc
ttjs
cf.
contempti
KepKidos
ey t(^ [2o0o/cXe'oiis
39.
17
?]
'
"
T-qpel
sunt in
(Arabs)
Ati/ulos"
"
ttj^
fort-
unde
dvavdov,"
dTrd X6ywi' A.
:
cpuivrj
Tplrr]
Gomperz.
IToXueiSou apogr.
dveyvu-
radii
iv
rrjv
6.
Xo7}(p6poLs
UoXveldovs A.
12.
Vettori
^iveldaL^
36
made
in one
is
way by
The use
men.
59
a less artistic
mode
of recognition.
better kind
Orestes
in
Iphigenia
the
She, indeed,
Orestes.
makes
For example,
in art.
the
reveals
herself
that
fact
known by
he
is
the letter
above mentioned
for Orestes
instance
the
is
'
might
Another similar
in the Tereus of
Sophocles.
The
1455 a
memory when
feeling
as
the sight of 5
the Cyprians of
in
or again in the
Lay
'
of Alcinous,'
where
by process of reasoning.
'
me
no one resembles
come.'
is
Some
Such too
one resembling
but Orestes
altar
like
my
to
sister.'
make,
lose
my own
life.'
'
So too
It
was a natural
again,
So,
'
in 6
come
made by Iphigenia
Thus
has
the discovery
is
me
came
in
in
the
to find
the
Tydeus
my
sou,
riiineidae
of
and
the
on
lfiap/xvr]v
ecopaKGL, TO
Kal
eiKOToov,
Bi'
^\<^iyeve[a'
Trj
iraadv he
olov [6]
OSvcrael
yvoocreadac
rcG
ov'^
iv
at yap
a-rjfieicov
Kal TrepiBepalcov.
TotavTat
ypd/i-
iTrtOelvai
avev twv
ycyvo-
OIBlttoBl
%o<^OKkeov<=;
tu>
jjuovat
avayvw-
^eXTiaTrj
t?}? eK7r\7]^ea><?
yap ^ovXeadac
eiKO'i
TreTToiTjfMevcov
BevTepai he at iK crvWoyia/xov.
yap av ivapyeaTaTa
koX
avTal<i,
8?)
fxaTa.
XVII
tm
iv
ecpT]
97
fjLev7)<;
w?
8e,
olov
yap to ro^ov
irapaXoyia/jbov.
eTTolrjae
/otfji?
Oarepov,
6 puev
'ylrevBayyeXo)-
1333
evravda.
rou
15 TrapaXoyta/jbov
1455 a
2.
iv
i^ereOrjcrav
yap
20
6 XVII.
XVI.
60
irpo
Xe^ec avvair-
Trj
o/xf^aToov TiOe/xevov
[0]
ovtco
avTol<; yiyvd-
av XavOdvoL \to\
30
yap
ar^fielov
'A/x,(^iapao9
Be
BvvaTov Kal
yap
TaTOt
tovto
Bvar-^epavdvTcav
i^eireaev
diro
tt)^
avTrj<i
Ac.
rr}?
iv
ol
(f)vcreco'i
Hermann:
dvrjei,
qKT}vrj<i
oaa
OeaTOiv.
avvaTrepya^ofxevov.
Tol<i a'^rj/xacTLV
tojv
tovtov o
i^ lepov
[xr]
15.
virevavTla.
to,
J^apKivo)'
iireTL/jbaTO
Be
'TrtOava)- 2
Tol'i
irddeaiv
16.
fih apogr.
rb
Aid.,
(irolrjffe
ixev
Bekker
17.
TroLrjaai
uis 5tj
codd.
'
24. a-vvaTrepyd^ecrdai
ivepyidTara A.
^apogr.
hv
A''.
elrj
dwepyd^eardai. Suseniihl.
om. Aid.
30.
credo,
fir]
inscius
Tyrwhitt
bpCovr
:
rbv
opGivra codd.
bpGivr
29.
hv Vahlen.
dvrjei.
rbv
Rhet.
a<v>Tbv
ttoltjttiu
rb om. apogr.
28.
i.
Dacier,
2,
Suseniihl.
33.
dw'
avTrjs
rrjs
we
doomed
are
Again, there
is
to
6 XVII.
die,
here
for
we were
61
Here
'
cast
forth.'
man
said he
But, of
all
which
arises 8
made by
is
Such
natural means.
for it
dis-
that in the
is
was
letter.
artificial aid
recognitions
by
process of reasoning.
XVII
proper
the
diction,
the
should
poet
In
this
with
it,
The need
Carcinus.
of such a rule is
shown by
is
he were a
in keeping
way from
of one who
his
On
scene,
way, seeing
if
what
out with
the
to overlook inconsistencies.
Amphiaraus was on
the situation.
it
place
the temple.
did not see
of
those
who
his
feel
power,
with
appropriate
gestures
for 2
XYII. 25.
62
Kol
elaiv
145
\>
koI
17
'^aXeiralvei
evcpvov'?
<yap
Kol
\6yov<;
TvOeta-T]^
Tcvo<;
Ovaacnv,
iBpvvOeLar]';
rov<;
^]v
koI
Koprj<;
Se
(rb Se otl
oXXtjv '^copav,
eKei],
eW
picrev,
Kara ro
w?
eiK0<i
o)?
IIoA-iJetSo?
/xera
ravra Se
7;
77877
fjuavia
Bi
7^?
ra
e\7](j)67j
eTreiaoSia, olov ev
Kal
rj
re apogr.
38.
Ka66\ov Vahlen.
TOV
i^eraffTiKoi
codd.
rS
rd erreLaoSca
^Opearr]
Kaddp-
rrj<;
crvvrofjua, 5
(Diels).
to^tovs re
37.
roiis
vel roijs
TrapeiXTj/x/jLivovs
reiueiv A<^.
e'^oj
dSe\(f)7]v
awrTjpia.
7)
Sta
<j(j)r7]pia
eiroirjaev,
aecof;.
iXdecv
e^w rod
rrjv
Se earat oiKela
lepw-
Tr)v
6 re Si,
ecf)^
dWa
5 OTTft)?
toI<;
vo/jio';
fj
ore
Be
koX
eW^
^vpiirLhrj^
eirroiv
ev
avve^rj
aSeXcfxM
tc3
civeTXev
iepeia<;
^(o
aSrjXco'i
tt}
vcrrepov
Tr]<;
Xejco
^l(f)i>ypeia<i'
Trj<i
a(f)aviadeLcn]'?
Se et?
6vetv
^eVof<?
'^pov<p
<Tvv'}]V
01
Tov<i 3
koI
iroLrjriKi'i
t)
evifKaaroi
[xev
01
re
TOv<i
elcriv.
Set
7r7roLr]/jievov^
8io
tovtwv
ixaviKoi)'
rj
341455 b
yeLixal^ofxevo^
0X7)6 ivcarara.
eKaraTLKOi
8e
^eiixaivei
35 opyL^o/xvo<;
icTTiv
1455 a
9.
coni. Vahlen.
KadSXov:
fort.
olim Vahlen.
/jlv6ov
eXdelv
e/cet
(Bekker
dveyvuplaOr]
irepi-
fort.
ed. 3) aut
M. Schmidt,
apfiaatv A'^.
et
One who
sympathy.
is
agitated
most
the
63
one who
storms,
is
Hence
reality.
life-like
any character
proper
made
for the
amplify in
he should
for himself,
it
and then
outline,
young
girl is sacrificed
who
is
up
offer
ministry she
is
him
ordered
strangers to the
all
The
when on the
The mode of
recognition
So
'
in
it
to
is
outside
is seized,
and,
who he
is.
whose
was not
this
some reason
coming
again, of his
may
To
he
play
my
sister
be sacrificed
'
exclaims
very
saved.
After
fill
in
relevant
this,
the
to
his
the
example, there
and
her
Polyeidus,
of
naturally
to
by
However, he comes, he
is
sacrificed
to go there, is outside
The purpose,
the play.
he
illustrated
she disappears
goddess.
Some time
appointed.
chances to arrive.
or
sketch
is
to
ready 3
it
first
in
fill
detail.
the Iphigenia.
she
out of his
lifted
is
story,
or constructs
general
its
in the other, he
self.
As
1455 b
man
of madness.
of
is
action.
We
In
it
remains 4
case
of
Orestes,
are
for
deliverance
by means
short,
but
it
is
these that 5
?}
8'
tovtol<;
iiroiroLla
<ov>
20
5 XVIII.
XVII.
64
TToWa Kal
icTTiV
OSvaaela^
yap
Tr]<;
nvo^
a7roBr)fiovvT6<;
errj
VTTO
ockoi
tcov
Be
ert
fiovov 6vT0<;,
'^p-tjfJMTa
fxrjKvveTaL.
A,0709
fiUKpb'i
1838
1455 b
2.
eTTi^ovXevecrOac,
avTo<i
eyovrwv ware ra
ovTco<i
dva\lcrKa$ac
fxvrjarrjpcov
acfjiKvelrac
hrj
rov
kol
vlov
Kal
'^eifMaadel';
8'
ej^Opom
dWa
XVII [
30
earo Be
rd
fiev
rb
Be
XoLTTov
'keyw
Xutrt?.
r]
Becnv
Be
pepov<;
'^^^
'^o'^'^'O^
P'^XP''
rd re TrpoTreirpaypeva Kal
35 Kal TTaXiV
alridcreo)';
19.
pev
avrojv S^ *
r)
rov davdrov
recrcrapa,
elal
eXBr)
"f*
<d'7r\ri
fxiKpbt
apogr.
Castelvetro.
21.
seclusi
els Si'crri'Xtaj'
d'
sermo non
S:
e-n-ei
>
lect.
^>
addenda
A^.
Bywater
iroXXd/cis
28.
23.
ort avrbs
oXov
'
alios secutus
i]
35.
e.
ov
IloaeLdwvos seclus.
St?
:
coni.
Vahlen
<(Tv/j.^aivei
earlv
Arabs, h.
Gomperz,
Tf;9
iXe^dV']
p^eprj
rb
est longus
20. Trapa(pv\aTTOfj.ei'ov
^Tt apogr.,
dvcrrvx'-o-'^ av/jL^aivei.
Xvffis
'
Becn<;
rpaycpBla'? Be 2
re\ov<;.
rj<;
et?
X?}-v|rt9
rreirXeypevri,
Ueberweg: codd.
"f*
rj>
@eoBeKrov
fiaKpbs A<^
rrjv
eartv
fjberal3daea)<i
'^V'^
rov TraiBtov
rj
p-ey^pi' "tov
Be>
rj
/xoKpos (Margoliouth).
oe codd.
ea'^arov
Bvarvx^av avp^aivet
<el<i
Beai<i,
r)
elvai
fiev
reXovi'
P'e'xpi'
7]
S'
ro Be \vac<i,
Beai'i
p,ev
ra
tovto,
XBlov
rpaywBia'i ro p.ev
ttcio-t;?
ov pera/3aLveiv
i^
ovv
fiev
dp^r]<;
CLTT
to
BiecjiOeipe.
iireiaoSta.
17
avrQv
d'
<eis
^ i^ eiirvxias
Brj
< dTrayujyri,
confirmare videtur Arabs, 'et ea quae patefecit, solutio autem est quod
36. rov davdrov
fort, rod Aavaov (Vahlen
fiebat etc. (Margoliouth).
:
'
roaavra yap
iX^x^V seclus. Susemilil ed. 1.
rd /ivdov Sus. ed. 2 sec. Ueberweg.
rd fivOwv Tyrwhitt
<dirX7i t] 8e> Zeller (cf. Vahlen, qui post dvayvupiaLS 39 <.i]
et Spengel).
rd
/jL^pr)
38.
i]
fiev
de aTrX7J>
37.
cum
from home
for
Poseidon, and
many
arrives
against
them and
XVIII
certain
is
jealously watched
Meanwhile
son.
At
length,
man
the rest
in
is
and
he
tempest-tost,
two
parts,
This
is
the
Complication
Incidents extraneous
(or Ddnou&tnent).
By
by
episode.
is
into
the Unravelling.
absent
is
home
his
himself preserved.
is
and Unravelling
of the
his
and reveals
destroys
he
left desolate.
a wretched plight
plotting
briefly.
years
65
5 XVIII.
the Complication I
the rest
mean
all
is
that
The
Unravelling
beginning of
the
is
that
to
which
comes
between
the
Thus, in the
of the
of
murder
to the end.
first,
XVIII.
66
1455 ^ 39
5-
koI dvayvMpiaL'i,
TreptTrereia
1456 a
Kol
XlTyXeu?.
Kol
^opKiSe^;
Kal
5 fJbi'yicna
Tovcnv
ev
Xvovcrc
Be
OTrep
TO
[8e]
re
at
iwv
to,
jjurj,
crvKocpavp.epo<;
rov
d^covcrc
Sec
KaKOi<i'
<&)9>
'la(o<;
olov
Kel fiev
et
irXe^avre'i
KparelaOac.
del
koi
/xefMV7]cr6aL
rpaywZlav.
avcrrruLa
TrdXvjjbvdov,
yap Bia ro
'x^prj
Xe7a)
Se
'IXta8o9 oXov
T7)9
ra
Xafi^dvet,
fjLrJK0<;
/xeprj
rrjv
vTToXrjyp'iv
'IXtoy
oKt]v
<i)>
pnrlBri'i,
20 TTLTrrovcrLV
diro^aiveL.
Kal
eTTOLTjaav
rj
Nto/37;i/
KaK6i<i
Kal
irepaiv 5
ocroi
a-rjfielov
Be,
fir]
Kara
/u,epo<i
firj
wcnrep Alo-'^vXo^,
dycovi^ovrai,,
iirel
Etr-
wo-irep
eK-
i)
dSj) in
Teichmiiller
tovt(^ Bursian.
11.
KpaTeladai
{ci.
Te2(jdai
Susemihl,
[/cat
Spengel
14.
:
5e
pro
cm. apogr.
]^i6^t]v,
AiVx^Xos,] Reinach.
'Ekcl^tiv
19.
?)
coni.
irotelv
/jlt}
iiroTrouKov
rov
rL<i
rovro
rco fjLvdq)'
ttoWoI 8e
a/x0&)
8e
TroXXa/ci?
e'lprjTac
15 TTOtol fivOov.
Se
el
tt)9
djadov
ISlov
re
jxaXLcrTa 3
aSov.
Xeyecv ov8ev<l>
eiroTTouKov
o'i
olov
0779 "f
iv
'^^lv,
7]
olov
olov at ^Oiwrthe^
aWa)<i re koI
eKaarov rov
eva v7rep/3dWeLV.
&v
ireLpdaOai
hel
T0v<i TTOirird'^'
TT)V avTTjv
oaa
koI
a 20
iraOrjTLKri,
rjdLKrj,
rerapTOV
he
irXela-ra,
d<yad(av ttoctjtcov,
10 Se,
TO
IIpo/jLT)9v<;
airavra
ovv
fiev
"f*
Se
1)
8e
rj
1456
'
Arabs
add. Vahlen
Valla,
unde
t)
Kpo-
'locpuiu
'Ekcl^tjv
;;
next, the
such
motive
the
as
67
on Ajax and
tragedies
such
world.
combine
all
such
the
Phorcides,
the
as
poetic merits
supernatural
the
is
Ixion
in the lower
is
to 3
possible,
if
the more
so,
in
For whereas
there
now
expect one
man
surpass all
to
different, the
the plot.
is
Many poets
it
Both
ill.
arts,
how-
said,
By an Epic
plots
as
structure I
if,
for instance,
you were
owing
to
length,
its
magnitude.
In
the
Iliad.
each
part
drama
the
to
structure.
a multiplicity of
make a tragedy
assumes
result
proper
its
is
far
The proof
is
from
that 5
fail
Even Agathon
stage.
utterly or
68
XVIII.
iirecrev
iv
5 XIX.
wv ^ovKovrai dav-
jjueTa
[/tiei/]
koX
%Lav(f)o<;,
dvSpeio<i
TOVTO <Kal>
<JTLv Se
to
fxdWov TOV
KaiTOi
dWov
et?
dXkcov
fiev
ovv
TOiV
koX
Biavoia<i
Bidvotav iv
Trjv
cBiov /jLciWov
Trepl
TOL<i
t?}9
KeiV7)<;
<ovBev>
ecrTLV
Bio
e/x-
rj
oXov
eTreicroBiov
rj
dXV
^vpLirihr)
efx^oKiixa aSeiv
rj
dXko dpfioTTOi
Xe^e&)9
Trepl
36 irepl
Bia^epet
Tfc
cocrTrep
firj
Ik6<;.
dWrj<i Tpaya)B[a<;
?)
rjTTrjOTJ.
Tol<i
/LLvdov
Be
dBt,KO<i
fiev
e^aTraTrjOrj,
elKO'i
ryivecrdac
irovripLa'i
XIX
ecmv
jxacnoi'i'
jdp
crro'^d^eTac
25 Mcrirep
1456 a 211456 b
2.
tovtw fiovw'
:'
\oLirov
ecpTjTai,
r/S?;
elTrelv.
to,
ovv
fxev
tovto yap
Keicrdco,
priToptKrj<i
fieOoBov.
KaTa
Be
(tti
Be
irepl
ttjv
p^eprj
1456 b 'jrdOrj
21.
Kal iv
Tois
irpdyfiaai seclus.
Tucker,
dXXots
Gomperz.
irpdyfjiaffi
rai codd.
24.
aut legend. 6
<:Kal>
:
Kal
uffTrep Trap'
Margoliouth
5iS6fj.va
aliud
(rocpbs
etVos
coUocat
videtur
22.
confirm. Arabs.
elKbs
Arabe.
ofJSiv
'
Arabs)
S,
^'So/uei'a
ov
(Margoliouth).
35.
36. Kal
30.
Maggi,
air\o7s,
iv
dTrXaJs
(rroxd^ov-
cum Arabe)
apogr.
26.
elKbs
post
(pcKdvOpuTrov
29. ibinrep
Vahlen,
add. Maggi.
add.
ut videtur.
cum
pro
Kal
Heinsius
Bekker.
irapd Aid.,
(bairep
Twining
(Margoliouth
fi^v
Si
fiera irovTjplas
opyrjv Kol
rj
tuetur Arabs
ffToxdl^erai
Aut secludendum
ixkv
(f)6/3ov
diirXoU
ante
A'^.
36
Susemihl,
iroirjTov
Susemihl
qui rpayiKdv
cum
amplius
Arabs,
1451 b
collato
rj
XotTrots
ijTTTjdri
wcmep
TroXXots
ijdr]
'
'
32.
apogr.
Hermann
i)
tolovtov
rjd'
codd.
'
poeta
elSeQv ut
41.
Trddrj
5 XIX.
known
has been
to
fail
69
In his
defect.
moral sense.
to produce a
This effect
Such an event
probable,' he says,
that
'
many
is 6
out-
is
is,
'
it
contrary to probability.'
As
of Sophocles.
pertain as
They
a practice
difference
interludes,
It
is
first
to another
sung as mere
Yet
begun by Agathon,
act,
of
Ehetoric,
to
which
to
strictly belongs.
pity,
fear,
Under Thought
is
the
anger,
is
said
subject
in particular,
and the
like
in
more
be produced by speech
therefore,
which has
1456 b
are,
Concerning Thought, we
the
of Euripides but
other
manner not
little
interludes,
XIX
one of the 7
what
as
it
such
koL ere
0(ra Tocavra,
Set
(f)alvea0at
Tov
XeyovTO'i
ytyveadat.
tjSt)
loXe^iv
TOLaVTtJV
dv
OTL
ev')(ea-daL
7]fjiapTfj(76aL
OL6pbevo<i
XX
Bio
d^iov
koX
tl
TrapeLcrOw
eVToXr]
KOL
rrapd
ttjv
<ydp
tl
rj
koI
ttjv 5
tl
<ydp
eirLTLp^a,
" ixrjVLv
eliriav
TTOcelv
ttoltjtiktjv
ctttouSt}?.
deiBe
eTTLTa^h
firj
Tfj<;
7roL7}TLKrj<i
^leprj,
a-TOt^eiov
6ed)p7]fjba,
[t>}9 Be
Ta
ttjv
ipcaTrjaa
dW7]<; kol ov
ci)9
Trj'i
tov
a UpcoTayopaf;
iTTiTdTTet
(prjalv
ttjv
a'^rjp.aTa
Tl
eh
ovBev
dryvoiav
rj
(f>6peTaL
Xojov
irepl
koi
koi
direCkr]
dXko tolovtov.
tl
el
v7roXd/3oL
TL<i
olov
dp'^LTeKTOVLKl'jV,
koi
tcl
vTroKpiTLKr]^;
rr}?
BtTjjTjaL'i
KOL
Oecopla'i
elBo<;
fxev
vtto
el (f)aivoiTO
Be
tcov
to,
Xoya
rov
irapa
eiKora
i)
on
8La(j)pi,
Koi
tov Xojov
elBevat
'yvwaiv
iTrcTi/Jbrjfia
fiejaXa
i)
IBeMV
avTOiv
etrj
Blcl
e-)(OVTO<i
diroKpLai'i
15 TOVTCov
av
eaTiv
icTTtv
Kol
ev')(r]
roaovrov
ttXjjv
firj
fjbev
Seiva
TrapacTKevd^ecrOai
KOL
Xe^e&)9,
?)
SriXov 3
fjLiKp6Trjra<i.
avev ScSacrKa\[a<i, ra he ev tm
tl <yap
Bet
Koi
/ji6ye6o<i
iXeeiva
rj
TrapaaKevd^ecv
5 Set]
224
1456 b
2.
orav
Set -^prjaOai,
tI
3 XX.
XIX.
70
2.
/uLLKpoTviTas A<^
Spengel).
(pavo'iTo
(TixLKpbT-qTo.
t'Sewc
codd.
9.
^wv't-j
apogr.
t^St]
Sl
del
Xoyo^;.
irTwcrL'i
dBLalpeTO';, ov irdcra Be
apogr.
eloeCbv
3.
A'^.
Tyrwhitt
^Stj
seclus.
8.
(paivoiro
Castelvetro
dX)C 2
Ueberweg
iv
scripsi
-IjSt]
8l'
ijdri
-tq
diq.
its
Further,
opposite.
XX.
it
is
71
evident that 3
when
to
The only
ability.
fear,
difference
the
that
is,
the object
importance, or probincidents
a result of the
as
if
speech.
proper
the
he says
One branch
Modes
of the
of the inquiry i
But
of Expression.
this
province
what
is
command, a
It
know
art.
Homer by
that
in
do a thing or not to do
may,
To know
not 5
or
the poet's
to
to
and
it
fault
imputed
words,
'
Sing,
command under
the
is,
the
We
he says, a command.
XX
the
Verb,
the
Inflexion
or
Case,
the
tlie
Noun,
Proposition
or
Phrase.
Letter
is
>
XX.
72
1456 b 25
6.
aBiaiperoL
elcrlv
Be
TavT7)<i
(fxoprjev
rP <ovK>
TO
Try?
fj
aXka Kal
ovTe
a(t>d)vov
Be eaTLV
<^
tov A,
fieTO,
eVl
[crvv]Ti6eadat Kal
'
aw err]
acr7}fMo<; 6
^covr)
eK
cn]fiavTiKr}v
jjbiav
(ficovrjv
compositae voci
'
intercidisse videtur
tcov
38.
A''.
Post
Post
<puvT]v
yap
rP
t6
sine
toO
dvev
A non
avWa^rj
faciunt syllabam,
Kal
fieTO.
quoniam tantum
fiunt
Kal
nam T et
syllaba cum A
toD A,
'
'
oiire
Kal
/J-iav
fxev,
iJToi,
34
(vel
ev
5^).
dpdpov
olov Tb
diJ,<pi
iffTl
0wj'7j
(^.
p,.
I.
iK
crrjfiavTiKTjv,
&Kpwv Kal
tGiv
iirl
apogr., Bekker)
apfjidrrri
ohv
<pwv7)v
TTOiei
Oeadai,
A<=
^ttI
Tr\ei6vo}V
tov
ixiffov,
fj
(pujvr]
<p7]iJ.L
dcrrj/jLOS
Troielv
fj
-f)
ipiovUbv
Tre(pvKv1av
fjp
apfihrTeL
/jlt]
A) Se
daij/xos,
kol yap
e'^^ovTO'?.
<fiO)vr]v
aarj/jio<;
(fxovr]
avWa/Sr] aXKa
TTOLel
Arabs
/j.eTpLKol<;
toI<;
eaTiv
7re(f)VKvla
cf)(ov(ov,
^^tCKoTT^TI,
Be
avvBecrfioq
ecTTiv.
/jbeTpLKr]<i
ouTe K(o\veL
irXeLovcov
dvev TOV
rPA.
40 olov TO
* Kot
uKovaTov,
KOl
Ba(TVTr]Tl
Be
avWa/3r)
^wvrjv,
a^'^/xacylv re 4
Biacpepei
KaB' eKaaTov ev
cov
Oecopetv.
i^ a(f>wvov #
crvvOeTr)
irepl
ne(T(p'
Tft)
TrpoarjKeL
KOL
Be
cicpcovov
e')(pv
jLvofievov
(fecovrjv
TOTTOL'i
koI 3
irpocrl3o\i)<;
Kol to P,
TavTa Be
/3pa')(yT7]Ti,, eVt
(xroc^etov.
rj/xttpcovov
he to fxeTO, 7rpoa/3o\rj<;
to
to
Kal TO A.
koX
<.ro> avev
7]fjbl<p(i)vov
olov TO
Xejco
ovhefilav
fiev
aKOV(TTrjv, olov
(f)0)vi]v
fxeTo,
1457
(pcovrjev
ixeTCL 7rpoa/3o\rj<i
Kol
re
aKOVcrrrjv,
e')(ov (pcovrjv
TO
to
Se
ecrriv
a<f)Q)vov.
30 e'xo^
oiv
a 2
(fxov)]'
<^wva\
fMeprj
1457
(k
(avTrjv
TrXeidviov
avvrl-
{^v
fj-r]
Tyi'whitt),
/xev
(puvQu
r)
diopLfffibv
StjXo?,
Kal
dXXa.
irepl
to.
26
sounds.
The sound
mean may be
that
73
audible sound.
semi-vowel,
vowel
is
has
an
lip
by
These
according
distinguished
are
mute,
no sound,
itself
the
to
and
form 4
mediate
treatise
tone
which
Syllable
A it
is,
in
an
inter-
detail
to
is
GE
for
inquiry belongs
on metre.
according as
long or short
GEA.
of
without
and a
is
of these differences
A
1457 a
Connecting word
In Ed.
mutavi.
is
hinders
sound
significant
the union of
may
it
secutus
S^ TTOieTv 'wi<j>VKev
fjcLav
^ iK ir\u6v(>iv
(fxjov-qv, ^v
crriiJLavTiKTjv
fi^v
fxr]
many sounds
be placed at either
&(T7]p,os,
t)
oCre
(piiivQv {m(pvKv'ia.v'\
KwXijet.
oiire
(xwrldeaOaL,
to.
&\\a.
ii>
apxv \6yov
&f)dpoi>
5'
iarl
-i)
Xoyov
apxw
V t^^os
rj
diopia-fibf
iirl
fateor.
2.
XX.
74
UKpcov Kot
fiev
aXXa'
KaO^
avTijv,
OVTe
K(o\vL
olov
ifKeiovcov
TretpvKev
to
dp'^7]v
fxiav
koX
irepl
to,
T6\o<;
i)
rj
/xr]
rjToi,
fiev,
OVT
\6yov
r}
e'/c
7)
irotetv
he,
to afKpu koI
darjjxo'i
(f)Q)vr}
29
daTi/jbo<i
(fioovr)
?)
olov
cficov7]v,
<r]>
1457 ^ 3
II.
(77] [MavTiKOiV
/XLd<i,
5 (jr]fj,avTiK7)v
rov fieaov
iirl
(f>(ov(ov
Se.
(pcovrj
[17
(pCOVrjV
'TTOtel
darjfjio<i
r)
arjfXaVTlKTjV
fMLUV
Kol
Tov
eirl
ov aripbaivei.
-^povov
Be
pf]fj,a
ou '^pcofie$a
StTrXot?
tm
olov iv
crrjfiatvov,
crvvdeTTf
(fxovrf
to
ovo/xaTcov
yap
fjuev
to
crr}/jiaiVi
Be
rj
dvOpcoTTO^;,
avvOeTi]
tc-
arrj/jLatveo
ov
yap
ivBe-^eTai
8-11.
T)
^adl^ei apogr.
S.p'
add.
aTra?
olov
seclus.
TroXXot?,
/3d5tfe
olov
vTroKpiTCKa,
eoBrj
evca
icTTLV.
iK
kol
i)
Hermann.
Alteram
21.
18.
to add.
e^aSife;/
KaT
\6yo<;
A^.
loci interpunctione.
Be II
avTa
Kal
6picrpL6<i"'
apogr.:
10
jSdBi^e
prjjjidTcov
dvdpcoTTOv
rj
ocra
dvOpwrroL
olov
Kad^
jiepr]
X6yo<i
"6 tov
Reiz,
/3a5ij-v A^.
Vahlen.
7^9
<Ka\> dvev
fxeaov
pr)p,aTO<i
rj
arj/Matvov
TO
a7]/xavTCKr]
aW'
7)
Ta
Trpocr-
tov nrap-
Be
6v6fiaTo<i
KaTa TavTa Ta
25 TTTcocTi? pyp.aTO's
(f)covy
evl
to
kol
XevKov ov
1)
j3e^dBiKev
rj
tovtw
rj
KaTa
Be
iTTLTa^LV
epooTTjatv,
iaTLV
tovtov
kutu to
7;
^aSl^ec
Be
TTTMcrt^
KaTa to
ToiavTa,
ij
to
iroTe,
20 e\7)\v6oTa.
TO
fieTa 9
crTjfiavTCicrj
dv6pu)Tro<;
cnjfiaLveL
/xev
koI
a)<?
eoScopcp to Scopov
rj^
Tb)v
iirt,
toU
iv <ydp
arj/jLavTiKov'
avvOeTrj 8
(fxovr)
/xepof;
rj';
iaTC
Se
ovofia
fxecTov.^
dvev y^povov
<n]fiavTLKr)
fiepo<i
wori Spengel.
apogr.
29. Kal
24.
add.
of a sentence.
75
Or, a non-significant
and the
irepi,
Or, a non-significant
like.
Noun
double
compound
or
itself at
is
which no part
of
as
sound, 7
of a sentence
it
time,
ficant, is
d/jL(f)i,
in
is
itself
significant; for in
we do not
words
employ the
Thus
'
hwpov or
god-given,' the
gift
'
not in
is
'
itself significant.
Verb
a composite significant
is
For
ficant.
of
'
when
but
'
man,' or
'
'
'
white
marking
sound,
in itself signi-
is
'
he walks,' or
he has walked
does
'
both to
belongs
Inflexion
men
of
'
question or a
modes
'
of,'
noun and
the
'
or
to,'
or
many,
as
'
like
or
man
'
or
command.
'
Did he go
'
and
and 10
verb,
the
e.g.
go
'
are
Proposition
Phrase
or
is
a composite significant
for not
of verbs and.
but
it
nouns
may
'
tlie
verb.
Still it
will
XX.
76
aei
30 fMevTOi
"
KXiwv
XXI.
II
ri
cr7}fiaiVQ}v,
'IXta?
eh
avvSecr/xw
/xev
/SaBi^etv"
St%w9,
rj
<y
ap 12
olov
avvBecr^cp,
avOponrov
tov
Se
el<i,
b 9
tw
" iv
Be ea-rt Xojo'i
irKetovwv
iK
rj
1457
olov
e|et,
arjfjbatvov
K\eft)i/09."
1457 a 30
4-
r)
ev
toS
XXI
36
Se
6v6fj.aro<;
yLtr/
TOVTOV Be
Tw
ovK iv
TO
arjjMaCvovTO<i
arrrav
rj
Ta iroWa
olov
rj
\eyco
Be
<y\(t)TTav
yXwTTa
rj
eireiCTeTapbevov
i]
Kvpiov
t]
TreTroirj/xevov
rj
e^rjWayfievov.
rj
eKacTTOi,
'^pcovTUC
to Be K
iaTiv
6vo/j,d
Koa/io<i
v^riprjixevov
(ttXt/v
aa-7]fiov
'
Be
koX
[/cat acrrjixov]),
eiT]
to Se hiirXovv
<yi],
TroWairXovv,
koL
ovofia
fjbTa<popd
olov
arjfiaLVOVTO<i
e/c
(TvyKeLTai.
(7T]fMaLv6vT(ov
/J,ev
av<yKenai,
/lev
ovofiaTt
40 TeTpaTrXovv
to
087]
(TTj/xacvovTcov
e'/c
rj
Kvptov
Be
co
fiev
Toh avToh
r]ixlv
jXwTTa.
Be
7ri,(f>opd
30. jSaS/feti/
Ac
Bigg:
iv ri^
olov
tov
"
ivrbs
TOV
(rvvMafiuv
6v6/xaTos
dWoTpiov 4
rj
/3a5lfet
elBo<;
/3a5tT apogr.
eTrl
<yevov<i
fxrj
Kvpcov,
/xev
diro
rj
aiyvvov KuTrptoi?
to <yap
Be'
aTro
tov
rb
KX^wv
A'^.
Tucker.
rip
ovS/iari
apogr.
Vahlen,
rd
32.
38.
A"^.
A.
ovdfjiaTos
interpunctione,
dcr-qfiov,
iK arj/j.alvovTOi,
dominum
ilassiliotis
Massiliae
/xeyaXelwv olov
d(prip7]fxivov
Spengel
(cf.
rf dvofian
arjixaLvovro^,
"Ep/io/c
Kal
coUato
urbem
inter
tanquam
'Ep/io/c.
Hermum
licet
Trarpl
opici
ad Pliocaeam
Caicum sitam.
e.g. fxeyaXeluv ws Win&v Vahlen.
1457 b 4.
ex coniectura restituit.
fj.7jTp6TroXiv,
Ceteras emendationes
stanley
ovk iv
ttXtjv
et
(pavepov
wcrre
eTepoi,
77
A proposition
may form
or phrase
Thus the
XXI
is
man by
Words
simple I
mean
such as
7-7.
either
12
By
of
of
By
significant
non
and
element
significant
is significant),
word may
b so
many
Massilian expressions,
<who prayed
e.g.
'
Hermo-caico-xanthus
to Father Zeus.'>
Every word
is
or ornamental, or
or con-
tracted, or altered.
By
in general
which
is
use among
in
a people
may
lance,' is to the
is
Plainly, therefore,
strange one.
Metaphor
is
the
application
of an
alien
name by
XXI. 48.
78
10 etSovi
TO
iirl
<yevo<i
olov "
kardvai
iarcv,
c5
eirl elSo<i
Ta/xelv dpixrat
TO
20
dvakoyov
he
eVl
Se
ecmv
/xvpi
hrj
rj
<Ti>
ttoXv
fivplov
etSov<; Be
dir
-y^v^riv
o-tto
fxev
dpvaat
ecprjKev
yap
d(^e\elv tl ecTTLV.
'\eyoi,
cifi^co
oTav
ofJLOiwi
rafxelv, to
to
e-^r)
hevTepov 6
TO TpiTOV ipel
TT/OO?
rj
\ey(o he olov
icTTL.
^yeo ^idXr]
oyu,ot&)?
epei
Kal eairepa
yrjpa<i
Kal
ri/jiepa<i
'E/XTreSo/cX?}?,
Kei/Jbevov
Trpo'i
to
yrjpa<i
(f>\oya diro
TrjV
fjbev
d(j)ievai,
om. apogr.
rd
dva/jLO.^
apogr.:
dva-fj-as
jSIoy
<Tbv
AS
^
Vahlen.
T)fiipa%
aTrelpeiv, to
14. tI
add.
29.
irpo^;
tov Kapirov,
Twining.
tQv A^:
he
0fM0i,a)<i
e^ec
tw
eaTL he
tmv
ocKeicov
27.
to
to apogi-.,
ri/j.^pas
tl,
eawepav ^iov ^
32.
Bekker.
-yTJpas
Xe-yOrj-
dW
dTro^rjaat
Mairep
10.
o/jlolo)'?
OeoKTicrTav ^\6ya."
ayopevaavTa to dWoTpiov
r;,
tjttov
35
b y^jpa'? rrpo^
yStof
8'
rj
eairepav
evioi<i
Trpo^;
Aiovvaov
rj/xepav
^iov.
hvcrfia'i
tt/qo?
i]
evravOa yap to
7rp0<i
"
yevo'i,
eioo<;
to yap opfieiv
'
dretpei ^aA-:c5."
8e
ecrrrjKev
eiSovi
eVt
etSof?
he
Xi'ya)
778'
air
rt.
'08ucrcreu9
I
Se fioL
V7]v<i
rov
airo
rj
Kara to avaXo<yov.
1035
1457 b
to genus, or
my
ship
From
to species, as
lying at anchor
for
;
'
species to genus, as
number, and
of large
number
From
away
generally.
is
is
used for
Analogy
'
the
is,
lies 5
of lying.
species to species, as
the
and
life,'
Tafxelv,
is
to
'
'
With
'
Here apuaac,
and
cleave,'
'
to
rajxelv
or proportion
fourth for
There
thousand
for ten
is
when
is
We may
first
'
species
draw away,'
'
:
by analogy, that
to species, or
proportion.
79
second, or
second
the
is to
the 6
for
fourth.
cup
is to
therefore,
shield
so is
'
'
is
be
called
'
the
shield
'
of Dionysus,'
name
the metaphor
'
'
the evening of
setting sun.'
life's
is
may
called sowing
be used.
:
the seed.
kind of metaphor
alien term,
same
There
may
is
Still this
relation as sowing to
of the poet,
another
be employed.
For
god-created
to life,
of the
still,
and the
is
evening to day.
or,
life
Thus the
relative.
way
'
in
sowing the
which
We may
this 8
apply an
8 XXII.
XXI.
80
361458
1457 b
I.
a 21
firj
TreTronj/iievov 8'
earlv o
Tiderat 6
avTO'i
oA,&)<?
fir]
770477x7^9,
TO Be dv
TO UrjXeiBov^ HrjXTjidBeo),
TO Bcb Kal "
B
Twv
oaa
/xev
eh
oaa e
Kal
laa crvfx^aivet
cocrre
eh oaa
TrXrjOei
TavTa
eh TavTa Kal
Be fxeTa^v
A,efeci)9
Be dpeTrj
aa(f)r]
36. dXX'
irapaBeiy/xa Be
aoivov
Yettori:
Hermann.
Arabs
4.
6-q$
A*^
(h.
e.
om. A^.
ttXtjOt] A<^.
add. apogr. t6
15.
e/c
A*
to,
eh
Be d(f)a)vov
eh
to
Be
Be to
rrevTe.
Kal S.]
fxrj
elvai.
aa-
ovo/iaTiov,
dWa
TaTreivrjv
tmv Kvplwv
K.\eo(j>a)VTO<;
oSC'Is).
7701770-49
1458 a
codd.
2.
11.
Ueberweg.
add. ry S Tyrwhitt.
kol
S
14.
Kal
t)
Kexpvf^^vos
M. Schmidt.
seclus.
ante ravTO.
nwv rb
r/
et9
/Spa'^v.
eh
t6 n7;Xet5oi; add.
dlls vel
12.
Bvo,
appeva Kal
eaTiv.
<f>covi]ev
koI
otvov
fiXXa
nryX-ijos koL
ck
rj
to,
Treirept.
kojxixl
Kal
S' icTTLV
to
el<;
fi,
drfKea.
Vettori
TeXevTO,
fxaKpd, olov
TO,
11
KaTaXeiTrr) to Be
fiev
appeva
XXII
i^rjWayfievov
o-/r."
10 TO, Be fieTa^v,
ifi^e-
d^rjp'r][jbevov Be
ylveTac dficfiOTepcov
/jLta
[avTb)v Be
Kal
avWa^rj
rj
y avTov, eTreKrerafxevov
ea-Tiv
TTOifj,
rod oiKeiov
rj
d(f)r}p7)fxevov tl
eireK- 10
fiev olov
dcj^rjprjfxevov
i]
Ke'^prj/xevov
fjuaKporepo)
^Xij/xevrj,
eanv
rerafievov Be
6.
H^
apogr., Maggi,
TrXifjdei
17.
apogr.
post irivre
XXL 8 XXII.
ARISTOTLE'S POETICS
attributes
newly-coined word
Some
but
use,
words
such
'
the cup
'
even in local
'
we were
as if
of Ares,' but
81
is
appear
there
'
is
to
as
and aprjTqp,
horns,'
ipvv<ye<;,
supplicator,'
'
1458 a
exchanged 10
is
a longer one, or
for
word
is
contracted
tion,
Kpl, So),
and
o-v/r,
altered
word
is
An
form
is
and UrfKr^idhea)
for HrfXeo^,
for lirfkeihov
as in
fjuia
left
n?7X^o?
of contrac-
re-cast
is
as in Se|t-
is for Se^tov.
or neuter.
some
and
letter
9,
and
co,
those in
a.
77
and
in these
The
mean.
or in
?,
yjr
XXII
v, p,
^.
long, as
ing
compounded with
two
latter
end in
five
vowels
The
clearest style
;
at the
is
is
the same
No noun
which
for
yfr
ends in
also in v
perfection of style
or proper words
9.
of letters in
is
c,
and
9.]
same time
it is
mean
That
witness
diction,
82
2^9eve\ov.
i]
av
Tc<i
av
avTT)
iaTt,
KaTa
fxev
XeyovTa
TO
ToiavTa.
TO,
dpa KKpda6al
TTOirjcret
35 Kal
1458 b Ttjv
ei9
Taireivov, olov
firjBe
Kal TciWa
Kocrfio<i
Xe^etu? Kal
t?}?
cra(f>e<;
dW&)9
fxevov,
e'^eiv
TO
icodoTO<i
i7riTt/J,(i!)VT<i
10
ev
apogr.
iroirja-ai.
avTrj
Hfia
fxr]
etSi],
fjiepoq
?;
ISccotikov
fieTa(f)opa
to Be Kvptov
avp,(3dWeTat 4
ovo/xdTcov Bed
yap
fjuev
ela>6o<i
yiyvo-
olov
Tr]'i
^vKXelBrjf;
dpyato^;,
ci)9
Bciicret,
Xe^ei.
tj}
awavTa apogr.
29. &\\cov
A<=.
yap
lBlcotlkov at eTreKTdaei^;
fjurj
cafji/3o7rocT]cra'i
Set 3
/3ap/3apLa/jL6<i.
y\u)TTa Kal
r)
iroirjcrei.
iroirjTrjV,
ovy
dvepc KoW^jcravTa,^^
to Kvptov, rrrapd to
0)9
TTOtelv, ec Ttf
avvdyjrai.
elprjfjbiva
e^aWayal twv
TO aacpe'i eaTai.
/layBovvTa TOV
paBtov
rj
IBtcoTCKOv
1X7]
to,
dSvvaTa
fiev
ovk eXd'^iaTov Be
aa(f)i]vetav.
TO
eV
to
tovtol'?-
7rco<i
yap ISea
ovofxdTcov avvOeaiv
tmv jXcottwv
eK
eav
re
Kol
eaTai 2
a'cvijfxa
alvly/xaTO^
vTrdp'^ovTa
KaTa
iroLrjcraL,
i)
ficTacfiopcbv, atvLj/jia,
<dW(ov>
30 olov re TovTO
iroir^arj,
ovv K
p.ev
yXcoTTcov, jSap^apiapbO'i
e/c
rj
yXMrrav koL
^apjBapiaix6<i'
Se
to ISlcotikov
^cvlkov Se Xeyco
Ke'^prj/jLevrj.
fieTa(f)opav koX
aXV
i^aWdrrovaa
Kol
8e
ae/jbvr]
Tot? ^evcKoi<;
25
1458 a 221458 b 10
XXII. 15.
coni.
"
elBov
^^iri'^dprjv
Sv Eiravra
A..
Troi-fiaT]
nomina
Kvpiuv Heinsius.
32. ante Tel post e/c
lacunam statuit Gomperz ^k r < cl/xIkt > 03v yXuTTuv Tucker.
33. KtKpaadaL Maggi e cod. Lampridii, liabuit iam S (cf. Arab.
si miscentur haec'): KeKplcrdai ceteri codd.
1458 b 1. ffvu^dWeraL A":
'
reliqua
'
^ap^apiaixhs
'
a-vfj.p6.\\opTai
Tyrwhitt
Arabs).
apogr.
{'E.TrixdpT]v)
10.
:
itrl
elSov apogr.
x-P'-^
2, ut videtur ('appellatum
t5op A<=
Ihihv
Gomperz,
cum
favore'
lofty
is
mean
unusual
which employs
place
83
words.
By
unusual, I
Yet a
style
riddle or a jargon
a jargon,
if it
a riddle,
if
either a 2
is
metaphors
consists of
it
For the
essence of a riddle
is
Now
possible combinations.
express
to
this cannot be
done by any
Such
can.
it
is
the riddle
A man
saw who
'
same kind.
others of the
a jargon.
is
fire,'
and
made up
diction that is
of
certain infusion, 3
for the
will raise it
more
it
perspicuous.
to
above
of proper
is
remote
cases
words.
of
distinction
while, at the
same
time,
speech,
are
and
in
error
hold
the
who
author
up
matter to be a poet
will.
He
if
The
critics, 5
ridicule.
of
Thus
would be an easy
syllables at
XXII. 57-
84
eWe^opov."
1129
1458 b
7' ipd/j,vo<;
av
ovic
rbv
'^co/xevov 6
ttco';
icTTl
dWot^
15 Toi<i
Ta
av dTrepydaaiTO.
to avTo
<ye\ola
oaov
tmv
he Kal irrl
to
8e dpfJuoTTov 7
^vpiTriSov,
uvto
ev
Koi
aXkcov
tojv
enrl
lap-^elov Acct'^vXov
7rot^(ravTO<i
Be
ovo/xa
fiovov
fjLeTa$evTO<i,
AtV^uXo?
eyreXe?.
yap
fxev
(payeSatva <6'>
25
et Ti9
ioiv
fx
Xeyot
vvv 8e
fx
-^
11.
&v 7'
dvaio-OriTU}?
18.
Kvpiwv
apogr.
12.
iihv
fi
15.
dirpeirQs
iirl
Vahlen.
neraTidevros
to.
Kvpiov
Twining
yeXoTa
17.
21.
sttuv
fi/ct/cus.
irpLa-
Hermann
jravTus
Gomperz.
16.
iireKrdaeuv Tyrwhitt.
Evpnridov
Essen.
dd Nauck.
non conveniat
seclus.
AtVxi^Xy
23.
A'^.
25.
5'
22.
secludendum
(vel t') add.
^aye8aiv'
decB7]<;'
dpfj.6TTOVTos A".
coni.
Vahlen
Ritter:
1.
vvi'
Tucker.
fieTadevTOi Aid.
coni.
de
epd/j.ei'os
apfidrrov apogr.
deiKrj'i}
/xeTaTidel'i
Gomperz.
/xevos
Kal
icbv jXLKpo^ re
515,
ix.
S'
Kvpia
to,
dvTi
KaXov to
vvv Se
Ihewv
to,
to
olov
Kal
/leTacjiopoiv
20 fieTuTiOel'; av rt?
Kal
koI
<y\(OTTai,'i
Sia(j}ept
Xeyofiev
koL
/ieTa(f)opal<i
'
deiorjs
codd.
&klkvs Odyss.
1.
c.
85
Wapa6covd8e ^ahl^ovra,
or,
ovK av y
To employ such
but
grotesque;
epdfievo<i
in
any mode
of
Even metaphors,
must be moderation.
eiffect
if
poetic
made by
is
no doubt,
would produce
How
great a differ- 7
may
So, again,
if
we
and replace
of
our
by the current
it
observation
be
will
mode
of expression,
Eor example
manifest.
But the
line.
who employed
one,
makes
trivial,
alteration of a single
one verse
(f)a<yeBaLva
'
word by Euripides,
Euripides
vvv Se
<S'>
substitutes
rj
/jlov
fx
ioiv
OoivaraL
Again, in the
feeds on.'
'
feasts
on
'
for
icrdlei
line,
if
we
dtKt]<;,
substitute the
common
words,
vvv Be
fjj
there
speech,
ence
is,
diction
ecov /XLKpo^ re
aetS?;'?.
'
7 lo-
XXII.
86
1458 b 30
1459
a 18
30 Kol
hi<^pov [t'] aeLKeKiov KaTa6el<i oXljtjv re rpdire^av,
re Tpdire^av.
"
Kol TO
1459 a
Sco/xdrcov,
TOiavTa'
TO
BnrXoi<i
ecTTL
jxovov
elvat.
fieTa(f)opiKov
Xa^elv
y\(OTTai T0?9
Kal iv fxev
iv Be Tot9
TavTa dpfxoTTet
yap ev
Toi<i
at
elprjixeva,
/xi/jieiaOai,
Be
Kav iv
[6croL<i]
\oyoL<i
/zera-
iKava Ta
iv
Tr]<;
tw
irpdTTecv
fiL/ji^-
eiprjfieva.
'
aeiKiXiov codd.
31.
r'
f'lTTOi.
apogr.
K&v Harles
odols 2,
Be
lafi^eloL^.
Ta
ecTTQ) tjjmv
35.
ra 10
/jueTa-
ovop^dTcov
BiOvpdixjSoi'i,
at Be fj,eTa(f)opal
to
dXXov
K6(Tfxo<;.
Trepl fiev
(Tea)<i
Tol<i
kol
fieyLcrTov
Tol'i
la/Jb/3ei0L<i
15 Tt? '^pijcraiTO'
<^opd Kal
dpfioTTet
r)po)iKoi<i,
Be fieya fiev 9
tmv
Ta
diravTa
j^prjcrOai,
Be
re arj/xeLov eaTL' to
ev(^via<i
fidXiaTa
BiirXa
ecTTiv
ttoXv
10 fiev
\e^L
irpeirovTO)';
elpTjfievwv
Kal j\a)TTaL<i,
ovo/xacrc
iv Tol'i
etvai
fx-q
Tjj
A^tXXeo)?,
rrepl
firj
yap to
tovto ruvoec.
Be
twv
dWd
Bid
ISlcotikov iv
fjiT]
iK6ivo<i
eKaaTM
TO
Se 8
'in
a ouSet? av
irepi,
KvpioL<i TToiei
dirb
fxr]
Kal
Kpd^ovaiv.
r)i6ve<;
rfj
dWd
airo
roi)^
^ApL(j)pdSi]<;
35 ecTTOL iv
I3o6(ocnv "
rji6v<i
et-rrrji
t'
aiK^Xiov
A^.
Kal codd.
ut videtur
(Ellis), cf.
Vahlen
1459 a
del.
ocrois
Arab.
'
5.
tQl A=.
1.
14.
via.
87
hi^pov [r
we
read,
8l(f)pov fjiO'^Orjpov
Or, for
^ooaxTiv,
'^i6v<i
Kpa^ovcrtv.
rjtove'i
example,
(TeOev,
phrases
'A^t\Xcci>9
viv,
and the
'A'x^tWico';,
not
are
instead
utto
Boy/jbdrcov
Si
iyob
of
drro
Bco/idTcov,
instead
of
Trepl
like.
part
of
"Jrepi,
current idiom
the
that
they
a great matter to
It is
several
modes
of expression
and so
far
is
to
compound
But the
forth.
have a command
of
for
to
make good
metaphor.
it is
words, strange
greatest thing
metaphors
the
by
This alone
mark
an
implies
of genius,
eye
for
resemblances.
of
words, the
compound
are 10
metaphors
to
In
iambic.
these varieties
are
heroic
which reproduces, as
far as
poetry,
But
serviceable.
may
in
indeed,
all
iambic verse,
be, familiar
speech, the
These
are,
Concerning
action, this
may
Tragedy
suffice.
and
imitation
by means
of
JUyj
XXIII.
88
XXIII
20
he
irepi
Tr)<;
1459 a 19
3.
1459
t>
Btr]ryr)fjLaTtKr]<;
oTi
TLKr]<i,
fitfjbrj-
ev Tai<i Tpaj(p8iat<;
^(pov
laropl.ai'i
ofjLOLa<i
25
p^
'
7rpa^eco<i
iMLa<i
eV
"
rovTcp
'X^povov'i
ra^
tt/jo?
rj
dX\
SrjXcocnv
eva
coairep
"ZaXaficvL
iyevero
ZiLKeXia }^ap'X^r]SovlQ)v
Odrepov /xerd
reXo?.
'
ypovov, ocra
eKaarov
a)v
yap Kara
T3
vvv
fieya<i
fcal
'^povoa
rovro hpoiau.
Troirjrciyv
rca fi7]8e
KaraireTrXey/jievov
v fiepo^ diroXa^cov
oXov Xlav
dWoi
01 S'
IcTTopias
28.
apogr.
t6 A=.
fj,Tpid^ovTa
A<^
post ^aeadai
39,
codd.
ffvvrjdeis
TCLS
oh apogr.
36.
:
fxiya
Bursian.
:
5ls pr.
11,
iffTopiais
Hermann
[J-ifo.
.
fj.i-^as)
.
olov 6
iv i^afxirpip
:
avviaTavai
fierpla^ov
et ceteri codd.
Vahlen
:
vaijfxaxos
corr.
evavvoiTTov
38.
A=
(rec.
eva Troiovat
Trepl
1459 b 36)
vavfiaxi-a.
:
avrwv
eireLaoBiOi'i, ol<;
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24.
A'^.
31.
1449 b
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1459 b
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A''.
34.
.
ry
.
commate
avroO Heinsius.
XXIII
As
poetic
that
to
imitation which
89
narrative
is
in
be constructed on dramatic
have
should
It
principles.
for
subject
its
single
action,
and an end.
picture
proper to
It
it.
compositions,
from historical
action,
and coherent
being,
living
of
all
may
be.
result, so in the
Such
Here
poets.
observed,
the
manifest.
He
is
then, as
again,
transcendent
not work up to
we may
say, of
been
already 3
has
excellence
never attempts to
may
the practice,
make
of
Homer
his
It
he had kept
again,
it
it
If,
must
As
cidents.
it
is,
admits as episodes
of the
others
1459 b
war
such
is
in-
many
as
the Catalogue
of
the
ships
and
4 XXIV.
XXIII.
90
rotyapovv 4
TO.
226
1459 b
4.
rj
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tj";9
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Trrw^eia,
koi
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[al
TpwaSe?].
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10
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ert he
rfj
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yap
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ra
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20 Kal
Kal
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at
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17.
:
18.
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24.
4 XXIV.
the
and
Iliad
or,
For
this 4
the
91
two
at most, of
while the
eight
Award
the
the Arms,
of
the
Philoctetes,
the
Women,
Laconian
the Departure of
the Fleet.
XXIV
Again, Epic
Tragedy
or
'
The parts
pathetic'
and
song
must be simple,
it
are
scenery,
same
for
these respects
Homer
is
'
ethical,'
must be
requires
it
kinds as
also,
the
many
as
complex, or
or
Moreover,
artistic.
In
siifficient
model.
at
is
complex
at the
(for
is
is
it
being
run through
we have
As regards
down an adequate
epics,
and
This condition
a single view.
by poems on a smaller
answering in
poetry
has,
and
metre.
its
already laid
length
to
Epic
it),
differs
brought within
will be satisfied
old
ethical.'
constructed, and in
scale or length,
limit
'
The
supreme.
Epic poetry
which
pathetic,'
Eecognition scenes
same time
thought he
'
all 2
however,
its
great
dimensions, and
the
group of
special
we can
see the
1I II
U .I1JII
I.
XXIV.
92
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kov
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1459 b 27
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40.
apogr.
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codd.
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Vahlen
apogr.: ixrtyvit] A"
2,
cf.
A*^
Arab,
seclus.
'si
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(fuit
et
(xt),
1.
fxev
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t]
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Aid.
in litura corr.)
5.
Bekker
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7^0^77
carried on at one
47
93
we must
confine
by the
But
players.
can be presented
an
poem.
to the
diverting the
mind
of the hearer
episodes.
Eor
makes
the
story
on the
As
fitness
in
with
varying
and relieving
sameness
of
tragedies fail
stage.
by the
test of experience.
its
poem
If a narrative
posed,
it
measures
massive
heroic
and hence
the
is
it
metaphors, which
and
stateliest
For
and
of
the
all
most
is
the
to
advantage,
effect, also
owing
poetry,
and
Epic
in
many
form,
narrative
On
the other
mix together
Still
different metres, as
have
said, teaches
Homer, admirable
imitator.
Nature
great scale
herself,
as
we
him an
be to 6
as possible in his
verse.
it
own
who
person, for
it is
as little
...........
ev9v<i
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ovv
5
8'
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Be
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94
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1460 a 1132
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iam S
13.
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A=.
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rd A,
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28.
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Robortelli,
apogr.
< Kal
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ra
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26.
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x^apt^ofievoi.
<U9
^ Vahlen.
30.
Homer,
a
and
little
rarely.
after a
wanting in
95
characteristic
none of them
but
qualities,
with
each
admitted in Tragedy. 8
is
irrational,
for its
the person
acting
not seen.
is
if
still
them back.
passes
pleasing
as
be
the
But
The
secret
of
lies
it
one thing
if
is
in
that,
likewise
or becomes.
But
thing
in
telling
fallacy.
this
is
second
is
is,
the
lies
For,
or becomes, a second
is
that, if the
first
Homer who
of
art
men imagine
is
fact
It is
it.
or becomes,
the
assuming that
poem
wonderful
the
from the
inferred
skilfully.
in
in the Epic
Now
unnoticed.
may
of
Greeks standing
Achilles waving
absurdity
is
first
a false inference.
untrue,
it
is
quite un-
is
or
has
become.
There
is
an example of
this in
first.
Odyssey.
Accordingly,
possibilities to
the
poet
improbable
should
prefer
possibilities.
probable
The
of irrational parts.
im- 10
tragic plot
Everything
XXIV. lo XXV.
96
fjudXiara
fMTjSku
fiev
aKo<yov,
e')(eLv
wairep OtStTrou? to
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lo XXV.
should,
events,
should
it
be
possible,
if
lie
excluded
death)
Laius'
not within
drama,
the
once
it
first
manner
Pythian games;
is
irrational
Odysseus
is
left
incidents
is
veiled
As
should
be
elaborated
is
respect to critical
be drawn
artist,
objects,
may
must
and their
solutions,
which they
be thus exhibited.
of
imitator,
like a
necessity
imitate
of expression
is
painter or any
one
of
three
as they ought to
language,
or, it
also
over brilliant.
The vehicle
terms
is
diflficulties
are
in the pauses of 11
no expression of character
is,
it.
may
it
the
in-
where
How
of Ithaca.
the absurdity
With
But
be tolerated.
the Odyssey,
in
XXV
to
Such a plot
ridiculous.
instance be constructed.
the
it,
Take the
The
in the
as
parted to
1460 b if
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97
either
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plerique edd.
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el ivBe')(^6Tai
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aWa
i)
ov KaO eavTrjv.
avTo
rj
</a^ 4
ap,apTia'
77
30 irapaBeiyjia
fj
avTrj<;
TreiroLrjTat, r/fidpTrjTaL,
eKTrXrjKTiKcoTepov
0(5x0)9
el
irpcoTOv
ovSe
Kara avfi^e-
irpo^rjixaa-Lv
rot?
7roirjTiK'i]<i
jjuLpLrjo-aadaL
KaT luTpiKTjv
TreTTolrjTac] oiroiavovv,
ev
r?}?
Be
rj
Be^ca Trpofie^XrjKora
iTTCTCfjLiJixaTa
TO,
8e
opdco'?,
fjirj
avrrj 3
rj
iroirjTCKrj'i
Trj<;
avTrj<i
> aBwa/jbtav,
Bl
efXL^irjcraTO
koI
7roi'r)TiK7](;,
ou^
irpo^ Be Tourot?
<Bia> to
Be
<aiJb>
1460 b 1537
rj
[lev
el
7roXiTLKrj<i
Ti]<i
Kal
Sirrr) afiapria,
n-^y^
iroLrjral'i.
Te^i/779
el
XXV. 36.
98
rj/xapTTjadai,
Tucker.
37.
36
Add
more than
in poetry and
of poetry
itself there
which touch
is
essence,
its
any other
are
99
politics, any-
Within the
art.
two kinds of
faults,
art
those
the error
is
it
want
But
is
if
of capacity,
the failure
if
he has
we
the error
is
not essential to
the poetry.
the
critics.
First
we
may
be
own
justified, if
art.
It is
the end of
mentioned),
part
of
if,
that
poem
the
case in point
is
is,
is
If,
however, the
not justified
for every
if possible,
be avoided.
Again, does
poetic art, or
to
know
the
error
some accident
of
it ?
than to paint
Further,
is
For example,
not
it inartistically.
if it
is
not 6
Set
6 lo.
XXV.
100
40
on
^eXriov
1461
\xevy
" ey^ea
Be
tor
7)
el
airovBalov
ayadoii,
10
ra
rrjv
rj
ore
KaKo^ "
TrpoacoTTOv
CLKpaTov
ov
C09
Iliad X. 152.
1.
Ritter.
t)
Carroll.
rb 8i
..IZ
to
AC
8.
rj
a'Koyevr]raL.
'Iva
A<=:
ra de Spengel.
Tov<i -qpuiovov^
olov
i.
distinxi
apogr.
50.
cf.
irapa.
1448 a 37
'S,evo<t>a.veL
oi/rw Spengel.
post \4yovTa
9.
ov to
^evo(t>6,v7] A''
A"
to
evirpoa-
ovre A^.
:
elBo<;
to Be Kara 10
Commate
quam
\eyec
dXka
Is.prJTe'i
to OaTTOv.
evpLvidrjs
roc
rj
aavfifierpov
Tyrwhitt
A^.
rj
fxel^ovo^
rj
^(oporepov Be Kepaie"
dWa
olov
:
aw/j-a
odv
KaKov,
316.
1461 a
tov 8
Be
tov TrpaTTOvTa
el<i
ov eveKev, olov
yap ov
tcr&)9
olvo(p\v^tv
{adrjvaloi codd.).
yap
ovro)
'^
irepl
elprj/xevov ^XeTTOvra,
rj
to yap eueiBe<; ol
ala'^pov,
3 lb. X.
apogr.
"
15 ayirov
ottXcov,
TreirpaKrat, ov fiovov
rj
Kal
rj
ov
ccrcof;
rwv
Tov<; (f)v\aKa<;,
erjv
orw
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aWa
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ov
yevyrai,
'iva
7rp6<i
Be.
rj
irpo^;
Be
Trepl
vvv 'IWvpiol.
\eyovTa,
ra
etpijraC tlvl
i)
ra
(jjaai.
olov
Kal
coaTrep
/caXco?
yu-?;
ovv
ovre
'^ap
i'cr&J9
aXX <6t>
aXrjOi],
el'^ev,
"OpO^
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evojii^ov,
/caXco?
aXX'
el Be fMijBerepo)^, 7
dewv,
irepl
ovr
aXk" oyro)?
(f)r}
ravrr) Xvriov.
ra
olov
'B,evo<^avei'
^eXnov
Xiyeiv
ouTO)
a wo-7re/o
(paalv
0VT03
''''^'"^'
1460 b 381461 a 16
''*'
rec.
A<=
<ij>
add.
7.
irpbs
5v
16.
69
fact,
may
poet
the
perhaps reply,
drew men
that he
they
'
But
'
the
as they ought to be
Euripides, as
may
are.
101
be met.
If, 7
may
answer,
'
This
how men
is
may
It
This
is.'
well be that
these stories are not higher than fact nor yet true to
1461 a
fact
they
are,
But anyhow,
them.
this
'
is
what
is
description
may
the fact
upon
'
it
now
among
is
'
:
arms
still, it
'
:
was
Upright
their butt-ends
custom then, as
Again, a
said.'
the lUyrians.
is
we must
whether
sider
it is
whose
whom
by
it
is
interest, or for
We
said or done, to
what end
must
Other
difficulties
may
We may
ill-favoured
meant that
was ugly;
his
body was
denote a
mix
the drink
'
stronger
'
/xev
not in
Dolon
So, again, of
It is not
favoured,' to
Kepaie,
ovpr}a<i
ovpfja^i
for the
it
evil.
irpoiTov,
in
diction.
also con-
whom, when,
fair
Again, ^coporepov Se
face.
livelier,*
does not
'
mix
it
mean
(i
'
mix
nicker.
it
'
XXV.
102
20 ofjbahov'"
8e
AvXmv
adprjaeiev,
Kara
jdp
fi6Ta(popdv, to
8e 01 "
Kal " to
olov
Staipeaei,
KKpr]TO.^^
<ydp
T?79
ii.
Be
TO,
vv^'"^ TO
Iliad
"
rot
rj
crvpuyjeov
or
6
jxev
1, fiXXot n-iv
o'lr]
tmv
S'
eXvev o daio<; to 11
o/x/Spo).^^
" aLyjra
Be
dpb^i^oXov
TrXeioy
"
to
ov KaTairvOeTai
dfKJjL/SoXia,
Xe^ea)9'
Kal
fyvoipLficoTaTov fiovov.
'Eyu.7re8o:\779
TO 6^09
pa deol re koI
^rjacv
Si,So/jiev
fiev
Se
afia
etpijTai,
<f)0pav
25 TO,
" iravre^
afjifjbopo<i"^
"
TpcoLKov
TO
1729
1461 a
14.
TreSlov
llli
avep6<i
Kara
olov
ecpTjraL,
fieTa(f>opav
69
lo
iaTLV.
Be
Be
to,
<oiovovv>
KeKpa/juevcov
Ovtjt 12
Trpcv
TrXetw 13
/cara 14
olvov
eddov Travvvxi-OL.
lb. X. 1,
&WoL
dpiffTrjes
Trapa, VTjvcrlv
ixkv
Ilavaxo.i-'^t'
11,
TOL
is irediov rb
6't'
TpuiKbv
ddp7}ffeiev,
aiiXwv (Tvplyywv t
^ lb. xviii.
*
489,
5'
oirj
dfj.fj.op6s
328, rb
fj-iv
St]
yap
Travres
Grafenhan
Christ, habuit
iam
2,
cf.
Arab.
'
fwpti
Gomperz
Aid.
ceteri
:
28. irXelu
Bursian
ii.
15
(de
8'
ifdis,
om. A=.
A^
v{j^
26.
fcDd codd.
TrXeoj A<^:
iyyudi
quidem liomines
Athenaeus
27. KeKprjro
sec. Bergk.
Karsten ed. Empedocles.
t
5'
18.
fiXXot A'=.
dverai,
TpiTaTT]
armati insident.
dKpTjTa
vii^
17.
Sed in Iliads
ecfo^-n-Tai.
ov KaTa-n-vderai. Sfj^pip.
fj.d\a
darpa Si
eSxos dpiadai.
Si KrjSe'
lb. X. 251,
**
oi
dvOpihiruiu.
add. Vettori
re
<a>
apogr.:
TrXe'oi'
Trpiv
KiKpiro apogr.
irXeo^v
dtvop.
'
men were
gods and
is
and
of flutes
for
'
many,'
verse,
pipes.'
All
'
'
metaphorical;
for the
10
while at
'
is
'
all
many.
being a species of
all
'Now
metaphorical, as
103
best
,'
So in the
'
olrj,
known may be
alone,'
is
called the
only one.
Again,
the
accent
breathing.
in the lines,
KaraTTvOerac
Or
solution
and to
or 11
difficulties
/xev
ov (ov)
ofi/Spo).
Of
as in Empedocles,
'
may
be solved by punctuation, 12
again,
TrapM'^TjKev
Be
by ambiguity
construction,
where
vv^,
vrXetw
of
the
word
as
irXeco
in 13
is
ambiguous.
Or by the usage
drink
is
called
0I1/09,
of
'
language.
wine.'
Thus
any mixed 14
Hence Ganymede
is
said
TTTI
nn
ITITll III
XXV.
104
30
uu JLUXUJX1JJLL1-IJ3
1 1 1 1 1
atrepoio,"]
1461 a 30
17.
"
[odev TreTrobrjrat
eivat,
<j)a<7Lv
14
o9ev etprjrat 6
'^' .........
1461
II
veorevKTOv
Kvr]/ju<i
Tavv/ji,r]8r]<i
Ad
"
Kacr'
olvo'^oevei^^
8'
etr)
orav ovo/xd
Bel Be Koi
virevavriwixd rt Bokj}
olov TO "
Orjvai
1461 b
TTj
TTocrap^ft)?
evBe')(eTai.
evia
otl
avWojl^ovTat Kal
7nTi,/ii(ocrtv,
av
virevavTiOv
TOVTO Be TreTTOvOe
to,
wept ^iKaptov.
BoKei
5
A.aK(ova eivai'
eU
avTcp
fia'^ov
coaTrep
\eyova-L tov
Bi
to
^OBvaaea Kal
to
dfJbdpTTjjjba Brj
irap
30. 6dev
eiprtrai
ireiroirjTai.
olvov in
Vahlen
-^
ivd^X^'''^'-'
3.
(I18I
add.
Kal
ffTj/xrjveLev
36-38. olov t6
addidi:
post
AP'
J'crxero fidXivou
<iv
')
vel
yj
'^s
Castelvetro
11.
i(jTLv
<'^>
Hermann,
irpbs
31.
fort,
apogr.
7)
<w8l>,
2.
ayi/n-rjveLe
recte:
(cf.
6dev
sec.
olim
Vahlen
Gomperz
5^
Interpunxerunt
^via
^vloi
Vettori.
ai/ruv Heiusius
10.
37.
Vahlen:
ws coni.
4.
avrQv codd.
Sr;
avp-alvot
M. Schmidt.
1461 b
Maggi
k.t.X.
w5l
35.
avTwv codd.
8. avrdv Bekker
Maggi: Sta^uapriy^aa codd., Bekker.
/k6s
crT]fJ,aivL
.
rts
elprjKdros 6 rt
naXiffT
oXo)? 17
^yxos.
Heiusius.
T<fi>
t^S'
'I/ca-
to ^ekTiov
M. Schmidt.
33.
ffrinalvoie
ivdexerai 8nr\Qs,
7rp6<i
rj
e^et
yrjfjiac
ovk
cod. Lampridii.
ed. 3.
rrj
yap
aXV
elvai ^iKdBcov
Tr;A,e-
ia(o<i
XX. 272,
S*
avTcov
to
tc
olrjcrei.
yap avTov
otovTac
avTwv
Trj
ivTvyelv tov
firj
^aai'
avTol
Kal
elprjKOTO'?
A.aKeBaifjiova e\6ovTa.
Ke^aXr^z^e?
01
10 piov.
aToirov ovv
VXavKwv
ft)9
17
&)?
17
fidXicTT
eo?]
{jj
KUTavTiKpv
TrpovTroXa/n^dvova-tv
d\6yQ)<;
KaTayfrr](f)Ladfj,evoL
elprj/xevq),
to TavTy ko)\v- 16
<Se>
oiBl
ttjv
o-rj/jiaLveLV,
tw
5^ codd.
Sl'
<elvai>
atidpT-qixa
to
Zeus,'
to
105
drink wine.
or workers in bronze.
')(ciKKea^,
may
also be taken
to involve
some incon-
This, however,
as a metaphor.
Again,
sistency
senses
example
should
bear
The
there.'
jump
particular
true
mode
For 16
passage.
in
'
we
take 'being
of interpretation is the
precise opposite of
says,
the
in
15
how many
consider
'
ask
checked
1461 b
may
it
we should
meaning,
of
Critics,
he
they pass
it
and,
to think, find
own
fancy.
in this fashion.
The
They think
monian.
critics
it
strange,
h^ive
with their
therefore,
that
Tele-
to
Lacedaemon.
They
allege that
It
is
In
general,
reference
to
the
impossible
artistic
must be
requirements,
or
to
justified
the
by 17
higher
XXV. 17 XXVI.
106
7rpo<; rrjv
7]
I.
<Ka\
dhvvaTov>
to-&)9
dWa
15 eypa(f>ev,
e'^etv.
akoyov iaTtv
TTore ovK
rd
yiveaOai.
20 avTO Kal
Xeyec
^-j,^^^"^ '-^M^'
rj
dv
(f)p6vL/jio<i
^U-.z
'
'
'^p'qcrrjTai
dXoya
co?
rj
tov M.eve\dov.
^XajSepd
yap
rj
at
rj
jxev
nrapd
tw?
rj
Trj
ovv 20
dSvvaTa
o)?
virevavTia
&)?
rj
Tr]v
Ta
eK
he XvaeL<i
tmv
XXVI
TTOTepov he ^eXTLoov
30 hiairoprjcreiev dv
TotavTrj
14.
(
'
<Kal
fortasse
Vahlen.
(coni.
8'
77
icrws
TTjOO?
modum
d8vvaTov>
Gomperz,
contrarii
'
22.
aXoylg.
del.
apogr.
apogr.
fj
TTj
piXriov A*.
beCKiav codd.
.
'
orov
Kal
TpayiKrj,
codd.
16.
Twining,
5'
iam
coni.
add. Ueberweg
Arab,
of.
Arabe
collato
ddvi^aTov
el
'quae
dicta
ws inrevavrla Heinsius
vnevavrla wj codd.
ware /cat Xvr^ov M. Schmidt ovtws re Kal d
:
21.
23. Tip
Aiye'i
rj
Margolioutli,
sec.
.
vTrevavrius
18.
A".
fiL/jir]aL<i rj
77
rec.
yap
Vahlen).
sunt in
eTVOTrouKr)
77
el
tl<;.
Kal
(pp6vi/j.os
i)
Fort.
(margo)
S'
fioxO-qpiq.
Spengel.
31.
apogr.
rcD
apogr.
alyeirjTri
07;
A"^.
29.
A<=.
det,
\iav
19
firjOev
ova-ri<i
Tea
&)9
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S"
dvdyK7]<i
fjit]
irpo^
rj
opdrj
VTToOrJTai.
OTav
et/co?
aKOiretv, 18
ovtoj
Kal XvTeov
virep-
Set
elprj/jbeva
eKey')(pi, el
fiO'^Orjpla,
ZeO^t?
otov<;
etKo^
wo-re
Q)cravTCt)<i,
raXoya'
virevavrlw';
S'
elvai,
TrapdSeijfxa
<ydp
(pacnv,
rrjv irolrjaLV
r)
TOLOvrovi
^eXrtov to
<8'> d
irpo'i
jap
re
'jrpoq
12 31
461 b
^eXrlwv
Vahlen
reality,
received
to
requirements of
art,
17 XXVI.
With
opinion.
respect
a probable impossibility
may
'Yes,'
To
reality.'
commonly
that the
just as
'
say,
as
is
we appeal
to
what
is
irrational
is
be
Again,
men such
said to be.
it
we
the
to
Zeuxis painted.
to
is
107
may happen
contrary
to probability.'
by the same
same
We
sense.
tacitly
reference to
assumed by a person of
The element
whether
is
what
himself, or to
is
intelligence.
when
Such
there
is
no inner
is
the irrational
Meuelaus in the
Thus,
Orestes.
there
are
are
drawn.
objections
five
sources
from
which
critical
contra-
The answers
XXVI
mode
of imitation
raised
is
the higher.
If
the more
refined art
is
case is that
which appeals
20
XXVI. 14.
108
on
airavra
rj
av
{jbivcov
(poprcKiy
fic/jiovfievij
avTO^
fXT]
321462
1461 b
a 17
&>?
irpocrOfj,
^KvWav
fiev
rov<i
virep^dWovra
1462 a
eKoXec,
TriOrjKov
Toiavrrj
e^ovai
ovrot
viroKpird';'
ovv
rrjv fxev
7rpb<;
dXka
el
v7roKpiTLKrj<i,
rrj<;
BiaSovra,
oTrep
Oearca
vvv
t?}?
eirel
7roc7jTCKrj<i
earc
rj
CO?
iariv
el
rj
apogr.
A".
5.
avTTJs
apogr.
avrijs
ra Gomperz
apogr.
^ari
9.
A^.
8',
tw
/X77S'
elro.
op'^rjai'i,
Kal
eTrertfiaro
ert
fjLi/nov/xevcov.
to avri]^, Mcyirep
fierpo)
?;
A^.
6.
Usener
avrrj
:
ovk
eyet,
e^ecrrc '^pijaOat,,
2.
^x^i"^'
4.
ot
apogr.
5'
add. Vettori
di^dovra apogr.:
16.
Uri
eVel rd irdvT
S'
avro^^ codd.
17
Kpeirrcov, tovto ye
1462 a
A"^.
Hermann
ei
ecrri
Kal yap
iirel
dWa
Kivoui'Ta
avTovs
^Trd Christ.
8.
J^aWiTrTrlBr}
virdp'^eiv.
eTroiroila,
KLvovvTat
33.
e'xoi'crt
rot?
'OTTovi/rto?.
KiV7]aeco<i iroiel
ovv iarc rd y
dvayKalov avrrj
oaa'TTep
KarrjyopLa
eTTOTroda'
15
Kal
oirep
r/
^(sxriarparo^, Kal
\_ea-TX\
S'
ttjv
frepiepyd^eadai
M.vaal6eo<;
iTrolec
(f)av\a)v,
rj
dX\,OL<;
co?
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a}OC
7rpo9
ar]ixeloi<i
riv
tS'^vt}
<ovv> ov
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L7].
o\r]
rj
elvai
TlivSdpov
irepl
avrov<;,
Xtav yap
d><;
tov K.aWc7r7rLSr]v
ISJivvvlaKO^
So^a Kal
8e
Trpo^
e^ec
e'TTOTTodav
/xi/xel-
avXtoatv
apogr.
Sa56i'Ta
avrrj A".
13.
A<=.
ian
5'
which
art
and
anything
imitates
The audience
109
everything
own
is
Bad
in restless movements.
if
is
supposed to
is
is
flute-players twist
the
'
compare the
Mynniscus used
cessors.
twirl,
Tragedy, 2
Scylla.'
We may
said,
and
coryphaeus
it
'
to
their suc-
Callippides
call
'
ape
on
'
Tragic
of Pindarus.
art,
then, as a whole,
addressed
gesture
to
audience,
cultivated
an
Tragedy, to
unrefined,
Now,
inferior
is
public.
Being then 3
it is
for gesticulation
the
poetic
may
stratus, or in lyrical
Next,
Opuntian.
also
all
all
poetry produces
of
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