Algebra Solutions

ALGEBRA
SOLUTIONS
1. Mixture Problems:
0.07x 0.12 5 x 5 0.10
x 2 liters
2. Value of the Original Fraction:
Let : x numerator of the fraction
y deno min ator of the fraction
y 2x 3 eq.1
x7 3
y7 5
5x 35 3y 21 eq.2
Substitute 1in 2 :
5x 35 3 2x 3 21
5x 35 6x 9 21
x5
y 2 5 3 13
Thus, the original fraction is
5
13
3. Value of Numerical Coefficient:

From :
r th term nCr 1 a
n r 1
b r 1
where :
n 12
r 5
Substitute values :
5th term 12C4 x
4y 4 126,720x8 y 4
Thus, from the given 5th term the numerical coefficient is 126,720.
4. Geometric Series:
ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS
B3 - 5
I
ALGEBRA
From :
a1
sum of inf inite G.P. \
1 r
Substituting the given values :
1
2
2
1 r
1
2 2r
2
4 4r 1
3
r
4
S
5. Simplify:
i1997 i1999 i1997 1 i2
But,
i2 1
Substitute :
i1997 i1999 i1997 1 1
i1997 0 0
6. Mean Proportion:
4
x
x 36
x 2 4 36
x 12
7. Value of x to form a geometric progression:
B3 - 6
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ALGEBRA
10x 7 2x 7
cross multiply
2x 7
x
10x2 7x 4x 2 28x 49
6x 2 35x 49 0 factor
6x 7 x 7 0 equate both
factors to zero and solve for x
x 7 / 6 and x 7
8. Value of x:
16 4x 4
x3
5x 1 5 3 1 14
9. Work Problem:
1
1
M
tM 4
1 1
tL 6
W M 1hr L 1hr J 1hr
1 1
tJ 7
1
1
1
47
1 1 1
4
6
7
84
10. Value of the original number:

x ten ' s digit
y unit ' s digit
the number x 10 y
the number with reversed
digits y 10 x
condition 1:
x y 11 equation 1
condition 2 :
y 10 x 2 x 10 y 7
x 10y 20x 2y 7
19x 8y 7 equation 2
x y 11 multiply by 8
8x 8y 88 add equation 2
19x 8y 7
27x
81
x 3 substitute to equation 1
3 y 11
y8
therefore the number is 38.
11. Sum of the roots:
B3 - 7
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ALGEBRA
5x 2 10x 2 0
A = 5, B = -10, C = 2
B
x1 x 2
A
10
x1 x 2
5
x1 x 2 2
12. Work Problem:
Let :
x time in minutes required by the slower problem solver to solve a problem
x 2 time in minutes required by the faster problem solver to solve a problem
1
1
x x 2 60 32
x 2 x 60 32 x 2 2x
120x 120 32x 64x

4x 2 23x 15 0
4x 3 x 5 0
x 5 or x
3
absurd
4
13. Value of m:
To make the given quadratic exp ression a perfect square trinomial,
its discrimin ant b2 4ac must be zero.
4k 2 4 4 4k 5 0
k 2 4k 5 0
k 5 k 1 0
k 5 or 1
14. Age Problem:
Subject
Past
Beth
B
Ana
B+5
Future
B+5
B+10
B3 - 8
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ALGEBRA
Let :
B present age of Beth
Equation of their ages in 5 years :
B 5 B 10 1.5 B B 5
B 10 1.5B
B 20 years old
15. Coefficient of the term:
Given : ax by
Let :
C coefficient of the term involving yr
C nCr a
n r
Thus, for a2 2b
C 10C4 1
b r
10
, the coefficient of the term involving b 4 is :
2 4
C 3,360
16. Time it takes to fill the tank:
1 1 1
1

6 3 24 x
x 2.18 hours
17. Work Problem:
By inspection, the first arrangement from the first row up
to the the 10th row forms an arithmetic progression :
a1 30
d2
n 10
The number of seats in the first 10 rows :
n
S1 2a1 n 1 d
2
10
2 30 9 2 390
S1
2
Total number of seats 390 10 50 890 seats
18. Thickness of the folded paper:
B3 - 9
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ALGEBRA
Since the thickness of the paper will double every

after each fold, the folding process forms a geometric
progression :
a1 thickness after the first fold 2 0.05 0.1
an a1r n1
a12 0.1 2
121
1 ft
17.0667 ft.
12 in
204.8 in
19. Work Problem:

Let : x original volume of air in the tank
1
2
Volume left after the sec ondstroke x x x
3
3
2
1 2
4
Volume left after the sec ond stroke x x x
x
3 3
9
Notice that the amount of air left in the tank after each stroke forms a geometric
progression, with 2 / 3 being the common ratio :
2
2
a1 x
r
n6
3
3
an a1r n1
6 1
2 2
x
0.0878x amount left after the sixth stroke
3 3
The total volume removed at the end of the sixth stroke is :

Vremoved Voriginal Vleft x 0.0878x 0.9122x or 9 1.22%
a6
20. Rate Problem:

Let :
x and y be the speed of the plane and the wind, respectively.
Effective rate of the airplane :
500
Against the wind
287.71 mph
1.75
500
With the wind
400 mph
1.25
x y 287.71
x y 400
2x 685.71
x 342.855
21. Clock Problem:
B3 - 10
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ALGEBRA
If the hands of the clock extend in opposite directions,

the number of minutes spaces between them is 30 minutes.
x
10 30
12
60s
43 min and37.8 s
min
x 43.63 min or min 0.63 min
Alternate Solution :
The last digit passed by the minutehand is 8,
thus :
x 5.4545 8 43.63 minutes
22. Age Problem:
Let :
x present age of Peter
y present age of Paul
Subject
Pr esent
Peter
x
Paul
y
Equation of ages :
x y 21 1
Future
x3
y3
x 3 2 y 3
x 3 2y 6
x 2y 3 0 2
Solving the two equations simul tan eously :
2x 2y 42 1 x2
x 2y 3
3x 45
x 15
23. Total value of the estate:
B3 - 11
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ALGEBRA
Let :
x total value of the estate
3k share of the daughter
2k share of the son
The share of the daughter and son is :
x
3k 2k
2
6k 4k x 1
Total value of the estate :
x 3k 2k 4k 0.5
but : x 6k 4k
6k 4k 3k 2k 4k 0.5
k 0.5
Thus,
x 3 0.5 2 0.5 4 0.5 0.5 5 M
24. Rate Problem:
Let :
x rate of the boat incalm water
c rate of the current
The effective rate of theboat
100
Upstream is
66.67 PH
1.5
100
Downstream is
80 MPH
1.25
x c 66.67
x c 80
2x
146.67
x 73.33 MPH
25. Square of the cube:

Applying poperties of fractional exp onents :
n m
x
Then,
3
xn
20
64x 60 3 64x 60 3 4x 20 2x 2 2x10
26. Work Problem:
B3 - 12
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ALGEBRA
Let :
x no. of hours the man can do the job working alone
1
rate of the man
x
1
rate of the boy
3x
1 1
x 3x 6 1
3x x 6 3x2
24x 3x 2
x 8 hours
27. Average profit:
Let :
x total profit by selling 250 units
140 80
x 140
110 80 250 110

60 x 140
30
140
x 420
thus, the average profit per unit is :
420
1.68
250
28. Clock Problem:
If the hands of the clock form an angle of 120o for the
sec ond time, then the number of minutes spaces between
the hands of the clock must be 40 min (clockwise direction).
x
x
40
12
11
x 40
12
60
x 43.64 or 43 min & 0.64 min
s
1 min
x 43 min & 38 s
Alternate Solution :
x 5.4545 8 43.63 minutes
29. Harmonic Progression:
B3 - 13
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ALGEBRA
Usin g A.P. :
a1 2,
a3 6,
a11 ?
a11 2 11 1 d eq.1
a11 6 11 3 d eq.2
a11 a11
2 10d 6 8d
d2
a11 2 11 1 2
a11 22 eleventh term in A.P.
In harmonic progression the11th term is 1/ 22
30. Remainder Theorem:
By remainder theorem, the remainder is f(r) :
x2 0
x r 2
4
f 2 2 5 2 5 2 7 2 6
f 2 16 40 20 14 6 68
31. Age Problem:
Let :
x age of Harry
3x age of Ron
x 8 age of Hermione
Sum of their ages :
S x 3x x 8 48
32. Consecutive integers:
x 1st int eger
x 2 2nd int eger
x 4 3rd int eger
x x 2 x 4 78
3x 6 78
3x 72
x 24
24 4 28
33. Level Problem:
B3 - 14
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ALGEBRA
x unknown dis tance
4 x 200 300x
800 200x 300x
x 1.6 m
34. Digit Problem:
n2 1 general term
2
a1 1 1 2
2
a2 2 1 5
2
a3 3 1 10
2
a 4 4 1 17
Thus, the first four terms are 2,5,10,17.
35. Work Problem:
t no. of hours x can do the job workingalone
1
1
1
rate of x
rate of y
rate of z
t
1.5t
1.2t
1
1
1
1
t 1.5t 1.2t 4
1.8 1.2 1.5 4 1.8t
t 10 hrs.
36. Arithmetic Progression:
The sequence forms an arithmetic progression with a sum of 1430 and a common
difference of 3x.
d 3x
64x x n 1 3x
n 22
1430
22
x 64x
2
x2
37. Remainder Theorem:
B3 - 15
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ALGEBRA
By remainder theorem :
3
f 4 k 4 k 3 4 13 157
64k 16k 48 13 157
48k 192
192
k
4
48
38. Value of w:
xy
w
z2
kxy
w
k cons tan t of var iation
z2
Solving for k, when w 4, x 2, y 6,and z 3
4
k 2 6
32
k3
Solving for w, when x 1, y 4, and z 2.
w
3 1 4
22
39. Number Problem:

16 3x 4
x4
Thus,
2
x2 5 4 5
21
40. The 1st term:
B3 - 16
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ALGEBRA
Let :
a 1st term
a 2d 3rd term
a d 2nd term
a 3d 4 th term
a a 3d 70
a2 3ad 70 1
a d a 2d 88
a2 3ad 2d2 88
but :
a2 70 3ad from1
70 3ad 3ad 2d2 88

2d2 18
d 3\
Thus, from equation 1:
a2 3ad 70
a2 3 3 a 70 0
a2 9a 17 0
a 5 a 14 0
a5
or
a 14
41. Value of x:
Let :
x no. of ECE ' s
2x no. of EE ' s
By percentage :
x6 1
3x
6
6x 36 3x
3x 36
x 12
42. Work Problem:
B3 - 17
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ALGEBRA
Let :
x number of PCBs produced in one month
Then,
2 2
1
x 3000
200 60
x
43. Sum of all even integers:

For numbers 10 to 500, the sequence of even int egers is :
10,12,14,...500
Where :
a1 10 an 500 d 2
Solving for n :
an a1 n 1 d
500 10 n 1 2
n 246
Thus, the sum is :
n
246
S a1 an
10 500 62,730
2
2
44. Sum and Product of Roots:
7x 2 2k 1 x 3k 2 0
A 7; B 2k 1 ; C 3k 2
Then, from the given condition :

B
x1 x 2 sum of roots
A
C
x1 x 2 product of roots
A
B C

A A
2k 1 3k 2
7
7
2k 1 3k 2
k 1
45. Digit Problem:
B3 - 18
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ALGEBRA
The word " exceeds " will become a symbol for

subtraction when translated int o mechanical equation :
Thus,
100 exceeds four times a given number is :
100 4x
46. Work Problem:
1
1
rate of burning of candle A
rate of burning of candleB
8
4
t time from the start of burning until A is twice as long as B
After t hours of burning :
1
1
Amount left for candle A : 1 t
Amount left for candle B : 1 t
8
4
But, A is twice as long as B :
t
t
2 1
8
4
t
t
1 2
8
2
3t
1
8
8
2
t 2 hours or 2 hours and 40 minutes
3
3
1
47. Value of x:
8 x 2
y 2
eq.1
3x y
16
4 y eq.2
From equation1:
23x 2
3x y 2
From equation 2 :
y 2
2 3x y
4y
2 3x y y
6x 3y
2x y 4
Between equation 3 and 4 :
3x 2x 2
x2
48. Sum of all odd integers:
B3 - 19
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ALGEBRA
For numbers 10 to 500, the sequence of odd int egers is : 11,13,15,...499

where :
a1 11 an 499 d 2
Solving for n :
an a1 n 1 d
499 11 n 1 2
n 245
Thus, the sum is :
n
245
S a1 an
11 499 62, 475
2
2
49. Progression:
By inspection, the sequence forms an arithmetic progression with :
a1 3
d2
S 2600
Solving for n :
n
S 2a1 n 1 d
2
n
2600 2 3 n 1 2
2
5200 6n 2n2 2n
2n2 4n 5200 0
n2 2n 2600 0
Usin g quadratic formula, we get :
n
2 22 4 2600
2
2 102
2
n 50;
n 52 absurd
50. Geometric Progression:
B3 - 20
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ALGEBRA
a1 27, a4 1, a3 ?
For geometric progression :
a 4 a3 a2
a3 a2 a1
From :
a 4 a2
a3 a1
a2a3 a1a4
a 4 a3
a3 a1
a32 a2a4 Substitute the value of a2
27
a3 2
1
a3
a2a3 1 27 27
a2
From :
a3 3 27
a3 3
27
eq.1
a3
51. Solve for x:

8 x 2y 2
163x y 4 y
23x 2y 2
3x y 2
3x 2x 2
x2
4y
4
6x 2y y
6x 3y
2x y
2 3x y
52. Fraction Transformation:

4x
x x2 4
x x2 4 x x2 4
4x 2 4x x 2 4
x2 x2 4
4x x x 2 4
x x x 2 4
53. Value of x:
log2 2 log2 x 2
log2 2 x 2
2x 2
2x 4
x2
54. Logarithm of 1 to any base:
B3 - 21
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ALGEBRA
loga 1 x
1 ax
1 a0
x0
loga 1 0
55. Equation of roots:
2x2 3x 5 0
2x 5 x 1
5
x 2 1
2
the reciprocal of the roots.
2
x1
x 2 1
5
2
x 5 x 1 0
5x 2 x 1 0
5
x1
5x 2 5x 2x 2 0
5x 2 3x 2 0
56. Sum of the coefficients:

Substitute x =1 but subtract (-1)20
sum of the coefficients

20
20
2 1 1
1
sum of the coefficients
1
20
20
57. Solving for x:
B3 - 22
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ALGEBRA
a1 x
d 2x
an a1 n 1 d
49x x n 1 2x
49 1 2n 2
50 2n
n 25
n
2a n 1 d
2
25 50 x
25
2 x 24 2x
625
25 25 x
2
2
x 1
58. Summation:
2
1 k2 1 3
k 3
6
k 3
1 4 2 1 5 2 1
6 2
1 k2 10 17 26 37 90
59. Value of K:
f x x 4 x 3 4
f K K 4 K 3 4 (remainder)
K K 4 K 3 4
K K 2 K 12 4
K 2 2K 8 0
K 4 K 2 0
K4
K 2
60. Cube of the equation:
a b 3 a b 2 a b
a2 2ab b2
a b
a b 3 a3 2a2b ab2 a2b 2ab2 b3

a b 3 a3 3a2b 3ab2 b3
61. Factors of a2 x2:
a2 x 2 a x a x
62. Value of x:
B3 - 23
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ALGEBRA
36 x
28 7
36 7
x
9
28
63. Equation of the relation:
S
I
d2
KS
I
d2
64. Value of x:
y
xk
z
7
14 k
2
k4
x
4 16
4
16
65. Time it takes to fill the empty tank:

1 1
1
4 12 x
3 1 1 6 hours
12
x
66. Time it takes Rellenar to do it alone:
1 1
1
x 2x 6
2 1 6 2x
x 9 days
67. Days it takes to finish the job:
no. of man days :
20 30 25 20 25 10 x
x 6.67 7 days
total n o. of days to finish the job
20 7 27 days
68. Value of a number:
B3 - 24
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ALGEBRA
x 2 16 10x
x 2 10x 16 0
x2
x8
69. Area of the new triangle:
16 30
A
240 sq. m
2
70. Arithmetic mean of the remaining numbers:
S
55 4400
80
4400 274 850
A.M.
42
78
71. Significant figures:
0.0031 has two significant figures
72. Distance that the plane will travel:
x
x
4
125 25 125 25
x 240 km.
73. Age problem:
3 9 x 41 x
27 3x 41 x
2x 14
x7
74. Mixture problem:
0.25(100) 1 x 0.50 100 x
25 x 50 0.5x
x 50 liters of gasoline
75. Clock problem:
B3 - 25
I
ALGEBRA
S r
360o
2 radians
180
S 4 2 inches
S 4 2
in
0.42
t
60
sec
76. Price of the book:

x marked price of the book
0.80x selling price of the book
1.20x 14.40
x P12
selling price 0.80(12) P9.6
77. Roman Numerals:
MMDCCLXIII = 2000+600+100+60+3 = 2763
78. Arithmetic Progression:
a1 4
d 3
n 30
an a1 n 1 d 4 30 1 3 91
79. Sum of Series of numbers:

n
100
S 2a n 1 d 2 2 100 1 3 15050
2
2
x 2 16 x
x 2 16 x
2x 14
x 7
81. Value of x:
2x 7 10x 7
x
2x 7
2x 7 2 10x2 7x
6x 2 35x 49 0
x 7 6x 7 0
x7
82. Fraction conversion:
B3 - 26
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ALGEBRA
3.2181818 3.2 0.018 0.00018

0.0000018
a 0.018 1st term
ar 0.00018 2nd term
0.00018
0.01
0.018
a
0.018
0.018
18
1
S
1 r 1 0.01 0.99
990 55
1 16 1 177
3.2

55
5 5
55
83. Sum of imaginary numbers:

5 4i 2 8i
5 2
4i 8i
3 4i
84. Length of vector:

R 22 12 42
R 21
85. Number of workers:
no. of man hours to produce 12
PCB ' s 1.5 2 3
no.of man hours to produce 8000
PCB ' s x 40 40x
by ratio and proportion :
3
40x
12 8000
x 50 wor ker s
86. Value of the numbers:
x one number
21 x other number
x 2 21 x 42 2x 14
21 x 7
87. Value of x:
B3 - 27
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ALGEBRA
log10 8 3log10 x 3
log10 8 log10 x3 3
3
log10 8 x 3
8x3 103
2x 10
x5
88. Total number of Spheres in the pile:
n n 1 2n 1 4 4 1 8 1
S
30 spheres
6
6
89. Value of the remainder:
3
2
f x x 4 2x3 3x 2 4x 8 24 2 2 3 2 4 2 8 28
90. Factor of the expression:

3x3 3x 2 18x
3x x 2 x 6
3x x 3 x 2
91. Age Problem:
R b 15
R y 2(b y)
b 15 y 2b 2y
b y 15
92. Natural logarithm:
ln ee
ln ee
e 2e
e
2e
e ln e2
2e
ln e
1
e 2e
93. 97. Terms:
B3 - 28
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ALGEBRA

Substitute x = 1 y = 1 and z = 1
Sum of the coefficients = (1+1-1)8
Sum of the coefficients = 18
Sum of the coefficients = 1
99. Value of the numbers:
x 2 y2 481
x 2 y2 769
2x 2 1250
x 25
25 2 y 2 481
y 12
100. Sum of the exponents:

S = n (n+1)= 9 (9+1) 1+0 45
2
101. Value of x:
4 + 4x = 12
4 + 4x = 12
4x = 8
4x = -16
x=2
x = -4
102. 155. Terms:
156. Smallest possible value of the number:
let x the number
x
5
a
6
6
x
4
condition 2 : b
5
5
s
3
condition 3 : c
4
4
x
2
condition 4 : d
3
3
x
1
condition 5 : e
2
2
where :
condition 1:
a,b,c,d and e are the whole partsof the respective quotient

Substitute value s in t he choices to the given conditions
157. Percentage:
B3 - 29
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ALGEBRA
condition 1:
if A is 10% of B greater than B,then :
A 1.10B
condition 2 :
if B is 20% of C less than C,then :
B C 0.20C 0.80C
A 1.10(0.80C) 0.88C or A 88% of C
For the sum of the numerical coeffients
of the exp ansion, just substitute

"1" for all var iables :
Sum of all coefficients 1 1 1
Sum of all coefficients 18

Sum of all coefficients 1
159. Value of x when y = 1:
y kx 2
9 k 2
9
4
therefore :
9
y x2
4
4
x 2 1
9
2
x
3
160. Value of 2x 1:
B3 - 30
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ALGEBRA
x 3 : 10 3x 2 : 8
x 3 3x 2
10
8
8x 24 30x 20
24 20 30x 8x
44 22x
x2
2x 1 2 2 1 3
161. Least Common Factor:
10 = 2 x 5
L.C.M. = 2
32 = 25
162. Arithmetic mean of the remaining numbers:

Sum of Numbers
Average
n
Sum of n Numbers n x Average
sum of 80 numbers 80(55)
4400
sum of 78 numbers 4400 250 850
3300
A 78 Average of 78 numbers
A 78
3300
42.31
78
163. Value of x:
33 x x 20 x 40
x 13
164. Value of logarithm of a number:
log5 log5
x log2 5 log3 5
3.79
log 2 log3
165. Geometric Expression:
B3 - 31
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ALGEBRA
10x 4 2x 4
2x 4
x
10x 2 4x 4x 2 16x 16
6x 2 20x 16 0
3x 2 10x 8 0
x4
166. 7th term of the series:
Note that the deno min ators are in arithmetic progression 2,6,10,...
a1 2
D4
an a1 n 1 d
a7 2 7 1 4 26
Therefore,in t he series which is a harmonic progression, the 7th term is,
1
a7
26
167. Sum of the roots of the equation:

5x 2 10x 2 0
for sum of roots :
B
x1 x 2
A
10
x1 x 2
2
5
168. Infinite Progression:
The series "1/ 2,1/ 8,1/ 32,..."
is a geometric progression with
the first term
1/ 8 1
a1 1/ 2 and r
1/ 2 4
For infinite geometric progression:
a
1/ 2
2
S 1
1 r 1 1/ 4 3
169. Rectangular Form:
B3 - 32
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ALGEBRA
log 1 log 1 0j log e j jloge 0 1.364j

170. Value of largest integer:
let the int egers be x, x 2, and x 4

Thus :
x x 2 x 4 78
3x 6 78 solve for x
x 24
24 4 28
171. Value of the remainder:
x r x 2 By correspondence,
r 2
By remainder ' s theorem :
4
R f r 5 2 2 2 7 2 6 84
172. Age Problem:
let x Peter ' s age
let y Paul' s age
Pr esent
In three years
Peter
x
x 3
Paul
y
y 3
x y 21
y 21 x equation 1
x 3 2 y 3 equation 2
Substitute equation 1 to equation 2
x 3 2 21 x 3
x 3 48 2x
3x 45
x 15 years
173 - 174. Round off
175. Simplification of the terms:
B3 - 33
I
ALGEBRA
Q 7a 2 8 7a1 5 7a 49 7a2
Q 7a72 8 7a7 5 7a
49 7a
72
Factor out 7a
Q 7a 72 8 7 5 1 7a
176. Simplification of a number with fractional exponents:
0.125 4 3 0.53
4 3
0.125 4 3 0.54
0.125 4 3
0.54
1
16
0.125 4 3
0.0625
177. 178. Terms:
179. Value of x:
1
1
1: 52 3 : x
2
3
1
3
1
3
1
x
52
2
10
3
1

105
x
2
105 10
x
3 175
2
180. Mixture Problem:
B3 - 34
I
ALGEBRA
Let :
x amount of soldering lead
produced
63%x 520
x 825.4 grams
181. Terms:
182. Value of true equation:
1
1
x 3 x 4 0
1
1
1
2
x x x
0 multiply by 12
3
4
12
12x 2 4x 3x 1 0
12x 2 7x 1 0
183. Value of x:
16 4x 4
x3
5x 1 5 3 1 14
184. Value of Q when t = 6:
Assumin g a linear relationship, by two po int form of equation of a line :
Q2 Q1 Q Q1
t 2 t1
t t1
75 25 Q 25
20
60
Q 25
25
6
Q 175
185. Clock Problem:
2
2
ref reqd
M
60o 180o 43.636
11
11
Thus :
The required time is 2 : 43.636
186. Terms:
B3 - 35
I
ALGEBRA
187. Correct equation:

x
y
z
From :
b c a c a b
b c
a b
zy
a c
a c
y b c y a b y b c a b
xz
a c a c
a c
xy
y a c
a c
thus :
xz y
188. Value of x:
2 5 x 1
2 5
2 5
2 5
2 5
2 5
2
2 5
5 2
3
189. Sum of the positive valued solution to the simultaneous equations:

Multiply the three given equations :
xy yz zx
xyz
15 35 21
11025
xyz 105
Substitute xy 15
15z 105
z7
Substitute yz 35
35x 105
x3
Substitute zx 21
21y 105
y5
Thus, x y z 3 5 7 15
190. Simplification:
B3 - 36
I
ALGEBRA
x 2 y3z2 x3yz3
5 2
xyz3
3
3 5
1 5
6 9
2 2 y
2 2
x 2 y 7 z 3
1 2
3
2
x6y9z6 x3 2y1 2z3 2

x 5 2 y 5 2z15 2
15
1
x 2 y 7 z3
191. Simplification:
7a 2 8 7
a 1
5 7 49 7
7a72 8 7a71 5 7a
a 2
49 7a
72
7a 49 56 5 1 7a
192. Value of a number:
3 2.5
243
193. Value of x:
By squaring both sides :
x 2 2x 3 9
2 2x 3 9 x
4 2x 3 9 x
8x 12 81 18x x 2
x 2 26x 69
By completing the square :
x 13 2 69 132
x 13 2 100
x 13 10
x 23 absurd
x3
194. Value of k:
B3 - 37
I
ALGEBRA
4x 2 6x k 0 1
4
x 2 1.5x 0.25k 0
2
1.5
x 2 0
Since it is a perfect square, then

2
1.5
0.25k
2
k 2.25
195. Value of two numbers:
x the first number
x 4 the sec ond number
y sum of the original 6 numbers
y
Arithmetic mean 17
6
y 17 6 102
y x x 4
19
62
106 2x 19 8
102 2x 4
8
2x 46
x 23
x 4 27
196. Value of x:
x2 x 2
x2
x 2
x2 x4 x 4
4 x 6
x
3
2
9
4
Note : Since x 9 4 will n ot satisfy to the given general equation when substituted,
this equation is classified as defective and thus, the answer is " none of these "
x
197. Value of remainder:
B3 - 38
I
ALGEBRA
f y 4y3 18y 2 8y 4
3
divisor 2y 3 y
2
Note : Usin g remainder theorem,
3
f 4
2
3
3
18 8 4 11
2
2
198. Value of remainder:

f x x3 4x 2 3x 8
divisor x 5
Note :Usin g remainder theorem,
remainder f 5
3
Remainder 5 4 5 3 5 8 218
199. Value of the equation:

2x 2 3x 5 0
2x 2 x 2.5 0
Roots of the given equation :
x1 2.5
x 2 1
Thus, the roots of the sec ond
equation are :
1
1
x1
0.4 and x 2
1
2.5
1
x 0.4 x 1 0
x 2 x 0.4x 0.4 0
x2 0.6x 0.4 0 5
5x 2 3x 2 0
200. Value of x:
B3 - 39
I
ALGEBRA
log 2x 3 log
6
6.278
x
l og 2x3 log 6 log x 6.278

log 2x3 log x 6.278 log 6
log
2x3
5.49984
x
2x2 antilog 5.49984
316111.2849
x2 158055.6425
x 397.56
201. Value of the logarithm of a number:

log10 845
log6 845
3.76
log10 6
Note : To solve the sum of the
coefficients of (x y z)8,
substitute one(1) to all the
var iables and calculate.
Sum of the coefficients
1 1 1 8 1
203. 6th term of the equation:

6th term n Cr 1 3x
where :
n 8; r 6
6th term 8 C5 3x
nr 1
4y r 1
4y 5
8 5 !5!
8!
27x 3
1024y5 1,548,288x3y5
204. Discriminant of the equation:
B3 - 40
I
ALGEBRA
4x 2 8x 5 0
where : A 4; B 8 and C 5
2
Discrimin ant B2 4AC 8 4 4 5 16

205 Value of (b y):
b 15 y 2 b y
b 15 y 2b 2y
2b b 2y y 15
b y 15
206. Age Problem:
38 x x 0
x 19 years old
two years ago, the son was
19 2 17 years old
207. Number of children:
2x 10 4 x 5n
2x 10 4x 20n
2x 20n 10
x 10n 5 equation 1
2x 30 x 15n
x 15n 30 equation 2
Equate eq.1 and eq.2
15n 30 10n 5
n 5 children
208. Time it takes to fill the empty tank:
B3 - 41
I
ALGEBRA
1 1
1 1
9 12 15 x
x 7.826 hours 7 hours and 0.826(60)min 7 hours and 50 minutes
209. Work Problem:
Let x number of days needed by A,B and C to finish the job working together.
1 1 1 1

A B C x
1 1
1
1 1
1
1 1
1

eq.1

eq.2

eq.3
A B 42
B C 31
A C 20
Add the three equations :
1 1 1 1

A B
B C
2 2 2
0.106
A B C
1 1 1
0.053
A B C
x 18.87 days
1 1
1
1
1
0.106
A C
42 31 20
1
x
210. Time it takes to finish the same job:

Let x number of man hours needed by crew number 1 and number 2 to
finish the job
1
1
1
200 300 x
x 120 man hours
0.25 10 0.35 15 0.10 30 55x
x 19.55%

0.04 10 0 x 0.10 10 x
0.4 1 0.1x
x 6 kg
213. Word Problem:
B3 - 42
I
ALGEBRA
214. Value of the fraction:
x
Let : the fraction
y
x2 1
y2 4
4x 8 y 2
y 4x 6 eq.1
x4 1
y4 2
2x 8 y 4 eq.2
215. Value of the Original Fraction:
x
Let : the fraction
y
x3 3
y
5
3y 5x 15
5
y x 5 eq.1
3
x
2
y 1 3
3x 2y 2 eq.2
Substitute eq.1in eq.2 :

2x 8 4x 6 4
10 2x
x5
y 4 5 6 14
Thus, the fraction is
5
.
14

10
5
3x 2 x 5 2
x 10 2
3
3
12 0.333x
x 36
5
y 36 5 55
3
36
Thus, the fraction is
55
216. Value of the original number:

t ten ' s digit of the number
u unit ' s digit of the number
10t u the number
t u 3 eq.1
10t u
3
4
tu
tu
10t u 3
4
tu
10t u 3 4t 4u
6t 3 3u eq.2

6 u 3 3 3u
6u 18 3 3u
3u 21
u7
t 73 4
217. 4th number if their sum is 35:
B3 - 43
I
ALGEBRA
Let : w first number

x sec ond number
y third number
z fourth number
x w 3 eq.1
y w 4 eq.2
z y2
w 4 2
z w 6 eq.3
w x y z 35
Substitute eq.1, eq.2 and eq.3 in eq.4 :
w w 3 w 4 w 6 35
4w 28
w7
Subsitute w 7 in eq.3 :
z 7 6 13
218. Motion Problem:
Let V1 ground speed of Plane A
V2 ground speed of Plane B
S1 S2
Vt V 90 t 2.25
Vt Vt 2.25V 90t 202.5

2.25V 90t 202.5 0
900
But t
V
900
2.25V 90
202.5 0
V
multiply both sides by V :
2.25V 2 81000 202.5V 0
Divide all by 2.25 :
V 2 90V 36000 0
V 240 V 150 0
V 240 kph
V 150 kph (absurd)
219. Rate Problem:
B3 - 44
I
ALGEBRA
Let : V rate of Erwin

V 13 rate of Edgar
t1 t 2
231
308
V 13
V
231V 308V 4004
V 52 kph
0.70 100 x 0.60 x 0.66 100
70 0.7x 0.6x 66 40 ounces
221. Work Problem:

Let : A number of hours,Pedro can pa int the house
B number of hours,Juan can pa int the house
C number of hours, Pilar can paint the house
1 1 1 1
eq.1
A B C 4
1
1 1
1
1.5 ; 0.666 eq.2
A
B
B

A
1
1 1
1
1.2 ; 0.833 eq.3
A
C
C

A
Substitute eq.2 and eq.3 in eq.1:
1
1
1
1
0.666 0.833
A
A
A
4

A 10 hours
222. Age Problem:
3 x 5 5 x 6 x 5 x 6
3x 15 5x 30 x 5 x 6
2x 45 11
x 17 years old
223. Clock Problem:
B3 - 45
I
ALGEBRA
Let : x the number of minute

difference between 6 : 15
and 7 : 45
6 : 15 6(60) 15 375 minutes
7 : 45 7(60) 45 465 minutes
x 465 375 90 minutes
180o
540o
30 minutes
x 90 minutes
224. Value of the equation:

1
3
x1 and x 2
3
2
B
x1 x 2
A
1 3
B

3 2
A
7
B A
6
C
x1x 2
A
1 3
C

3 2
A
1
C
A
2
Substitute to the general quadratic equation :
Ax 2 Bx C 0
1
7
A x A 0
2
6
6
2 7
Ax 6 Ax 2 A 0 A
Ax 2
6x 2 7x 3 0
225. Factorization:
3
x3 27 x3 3 x 3 x 2 3x 9
226. Value of x:
B3 - 46
I
ALGEBRA
12 6
6
x
36
x
3
12
227. Value of x:
36 x
28 7
36 7
x
9
28
228. Value of the 3rd Proportion:
2 2
38
38
4 2
2 x
x 1
229. Number of days ahead or delayed:
16 20 20 8 20 4 x
x 10
Tota l number of days to finish the job 8 10 18
No. of days ahead 20 18 2 days
230. Value of the two numbers:
x 2 16 10x
x 2 10x 16 0
x 2 x 8 0
x2
x8
231. Value of the two numbers:
B3 - 47
I
ALGEBRA
x smaller number
30 x larg er number
30 x
x
x
x 2 30 x
x 2 x 30 0
x 5 x 6 0
x5
30 x 25
232. Rate Problem:
T1 3T2
D
3D
40 x 40 x
x 20 mph
233. Motion Problem:
D D
3
15 12
12D 15D 15 12 3
D 20 km
0.12x 0.02 1800 0.03 x 1800
0.12x 36 0.03x 54
x 200 pounds

35 40 50 20 x 60
x 40%
236. Clock Problem:
S r
360o
180
2 radians
S 4 2 inches
V
S 4 2
0.42 in / sec
t
60
237. Clock Problem:
B3 - 48
I
ALGEBRA
360
15.71in
180
S 15.71
V
1.309 in / hr
t
12
S r 2.5
238. Age Problem:

M A 35
2
3
M A 25
3
4
8M 9A 300
M A 35
9M 9A 315
8M 9A 300
M 15
239. Sum of the first 4 terms:
n 1
n2
n3
n4
2o 1
2
4
Sum 1 2 4 8 15
240. Value of x:
n n 1
1 2 3 .. n
2
n n 1
S
2
x x 1
36
2
x 2 x 72 0
x 9 x 8 0
x8
241. Days that the job is delayed:
28 60 28 15 23 30 33x
x 17.27 days
Total no. of days they finish the job 15 30 17.27 62.27 days
Therefore they were delayed by 2.27 days
242. Value of x:
B3 - 49
I
ALGEBRA
ln log x 1
elnlog x e1
But eln y y
elnlog x log x
log x e
x 10e
243. Perform:
4 5 2 25 3 4 4 3
2 5 2 5 3 4 2 3
2 5 10 3 8 3
2 5 2 3
2
5 3
244. Perform:
5 3
5 5
3 . 5 . 4 3 5
3 3
3 5
3
5
15
15 2 15
3
6
2 15 2 15 0
245. Perform:
2 6 x12y3 2x 2 y
246. Perform:
12 6 4 3 12
2 3 4 331776
247. Expansion:
n n 1 n 2 ... n r 1 nr r
yr
x y
r!
n 7, r 4, n r 1 4, n r 3
yr
7 6 5 4 3 4
x y 35x3 y 4
4!
248. Expansion:
B3 - 50
I
ALGEBRA
1
x
The term of free x in the exp ansion is :
n 9, a x 2, y
x2
9 r 1 1 r 1
This should be equated to x 0, because the term is free of x.

x 20 2r x1r x0
x 20 2r 1r x0
21 3r 0
r 7
the term of free x in the exp ansion is the 7th term :
7th term
9 8 7 6 5 4
6!
x2
3 1 6
84

1
a
d4 n9
2
an a n 1 d
2 9 1 4
34
1
a 1 r
3
a
1
3
Sn
1
1 r 1
2
3
251. Geometric Progression:
6
a2
r 3
n6
2
an ar n1 2 3
Sn
a 1 rn
1 r
6 1
2 3 486
2 1 36 728
1 3
252. Geometric Means:
B3 - 51
I
ALGEBRA
2, a2, a3, a 4, 162

a2
n5
an 162
an ar n1
162 2r 51
r 4 81
r 3
a2 2 3 6
2
a3 2 3 18
3
a4 2 3 54
a 0.3 r 0.1
a
0.3
1
Sn
1 r 1 0.1 3
254. Arithmetric Progression:
a 2, d 3, n 8
an a n 1 d 2 8 1 3 23
Sn
n
8
a an 2 23 100
2
2
255. Sum of the even integers:

a 22, d 2, n 80
an a n 1 d
80 22 2 n 1 2 22 2n 2
n 30
n
30
Sn a an
22 80
2
2
15 102 1530
256. Sum of the integers:
B3 - 52
I
ALGEBRA
3, a2, a3,...99
a3
d3
an 99
an a n 1 d
99 3 n 1 3
n 33
n
33
Sn a an
3 99 1683
2
2
257. Sum of the first n positive integer:
4,8.....,an
a4
d4
an a n 1 d 4 4 n 1 4n
Sn
258. Quadratic Equations:

2 4
2
x1 x 2
3 3
3
8
2
4
x1x 2
3
3
9

Equation :
2
8
x2 x 0
3
9
n
n
a an 4 4n 2n n 1
2
2
Another Solution :
2
4
x 3 x 3 0
3x 2 3x 4 0
3
3
9x 2 6x 8 0
259. Value of x:
x 4 3 5x 2 3 4 0
2
x 3
5 x 3
40
put x 2 3 y
y 2 5y 4 0
y 4 y 1 0
y4 0
y4
y 1 0
y 1
x2 3 4
x2 3 1
x 4 2 8
x 1
260. Work Problem:
B3 - 53
I
ALGEBRA
1
1 1
10 12 x
65 1
60
x
5
x 5 days
11
261. Work Problem:
1 1 1
1

3 10 8 Anne
3
Anne 9
days
13
262. Work Problem:
1
Part of the work done by
4
1
6
1
2
1
x
1 1 1 1

4 6 2 x
3x 2x 6x 12
12
1
x
or 1 days
11
11
A in one day
B in one day
C in one day
A, B, C in one day
263. Work Problem:

x time to fill the tank when
all the 3 pipes are open
x x x
1
6 4 8
4x 6x 3x 24
7x 24
3
x 3 hours
7
B3 - 54
I
ALGEBRA
a) in terms of water
b) in terms of salt
35 x 0 40 x .60
5 x 40 x .40
35 24 0.60x
0.60x 11
1
x 18 lbs
3
5 x 16 0.40x
0.60x 11
1
x 18 lbs
3

x the strength of the first acid
y the strength of the sec ond acid
12x 8y 20 84
3x 2y 420 eq.1
2x 3y 85 5
2x 3y 425 eq.2
eq.1 x 2
eq.2 x 3
6x 4y 840
6x 9y 1,275
5y 435
y 87% Ans.
y 87% substitute y in eq.2
3x 2 87 420
3x 420 174 246
x 82%
From eq.1
x 20 y in eq.2
x no. of liters of 90% alcohol

y no. of liters of 35%alcohol
x y 20 eq.1
18 20 y 7y 240
360 18y 7y 240
11y 120
120
y
liters
11
100
x
liters
11
x .90 y .35 20 .60
90x 35y 20 60
18x 7y 240 eq.2
267. Work Problems:
B3 - 55
I
ALGEBRA
n no. of days the provisions will last

n
s 2a n 1 d
2
a 5700
d 20
s 5700 66 376,200
376,200
n
2 5700 n 1 20
2
n2 571n 37620 0
571 419
n
76 days
2
x amount draw in gallons
a 81 x
81 x
r
81
l 64
n2
81 x
81
64 81 x
81 64 81 x
2 1
x 2 162x 1377 0
x 9 x 153 0
l ar n1
x 9 gallons
269. Number of lots:

x number of lots in the group
7200
cos t of one lot in pesos
x
7200
7200
x
300 7200 4
300
x
x
x 2 4x 96 0
x 12 x 8 0
x 12 lots
270. Clock Problem:
B3 - 56
I
ALGEBRA
x the number of sec onds hand move

x
the number of sec onds the minute hand moves
60
x
the number of sec onds the hour hand moves
60 12
From the figure :
x
x
15
60 12 60
x 15
x
60 12
x
x
x 15
720 60
x
2x
x 30 0
60 720
x 29 43 / 73 sec
15
271. Clock Problem:

x
x 15
12
13
x 15
12
15 12 180
11
x
13 minutes
13
13
13
11
Time : 9 : 13
13
272. Clock Problem:
x The number of minute, the minute hand travels after 9 o ' clock
x
The number of minute, the hour hand travels
12
From the figure
x
4
x 15 3
12 12
12x 180 36 x 4
11x 220
x 20 minutes after 9 o ' clock
Therefore the time is 9 : 20
273. Clock Problem:
B3 - 57
I
ALGEBRA
x number of minutes traveled by the minute hand after 2 ' oclock

From the figure :
x
60
x 55
12
720 x 12x 660
11x 60
x 5 5 / 11 min.
Therefore the time is 2 : 5 5 / 11
274. Roots:
r1 r2 r3 3; r1 r2 r3 3
r1r2 r1r3 r2r3 1
r1r2r3 5; r1r2r3 5
275. Cubic Equation:
x3 a1x 2 a2 x a3 0
r1 2; r2 3; r3 5
a1 2 3 5 4
a2 2 3 2 5 3 5
6 10 15 11
a3 2 3 5 30
x3 4x 2 11x 30 0
276. Logarithm:
log10 x log10 12 log10 13 log10 3
log10 x log10
12 13
x
3
12 13
3
52
277. Perform:
B3 - 58
I
ALGEBRA
ln x 3 ln 5
ln x ln 5 3
x
ln 3
5
x
e3
5
x 5e3
278. Perform:
e3y ln y
Let :e3y ln y c
3y ln y ln c
lnc ln y 3y
c
e3y
y
c ye3y
279. Perform:
ln 4e2x ln 4 ln e2x ln 22 2x ln e
ln e 1 2ln 2 2x
280. Age Problem:

Let x sister ' s present age
2
x Mary ' s present age
3
x 20 sister ' s age 20 years hence
2
x 20 ry ' s age 20 years hence
3
7
2
x 20 x 20
8
3
7
140 2x
x
20
8
8
3
5x 20
24
8
x 12
2
x8
3
281. Age Problem:
B3 - 59
I
ALGEBRA
Let x Henry ' s present age

y John ' s present age
x 3 Henry ' s age 3 years ago
y 3 John ' s age 3 years ago
x 3 2 y 3
x 3 2y 6
x 2y 3
eq.1
x 3 3 y 3
x 3 3y 9
x 3y 6 eq.2
Solving eq.1 and eq.2 :
x 21 and y 9
282. Age Problem:
Let x Henry ' s present age
y Frank ' s present age
x 6 Henry ' s age 6 years from now
y 6 Frank ' s age 6 years from now
x y
11 eq.1
2 3
x 6 y 6 40
x y 28 eq.2
Substitute in eq.1
28 y y
11
2
3
y 18 and x 10
283. Age Problem:
Let x son' s age at present
x 24 father ' s age at present
x 8 son ' s age in 8 years
x 24 8 father ' s age in 8 years

x 32 2 x 8 2x 16
x 16
x 24 40 present age of the father
284. Age Problem:
B3 - 60
I
ALGEBRA
41 yrs. old man ' s present age

8 yrs. old son' s present age
Let x number of years when the father be
three times as old as the son
41 x 3 9 x
41 x 27 3x
2x 14
x 7 years
285. Age Problem:
Let
x age of the baby
x 12 age of somebody
4x age of the babysitter
4x x 12
3x 12
x4
4x 4 4 16
286. Digit Problem:
Let x smaller number
132 x larg er number
132 x
13
6
x
x
Multiplying all terms by x
132 x 6x 13
119 7x
7x 119
x 17 smaller number
132 x 115 larg er number
287. Digit Problem:
B3 - 61
I
ALGEBRA
x numerator
y deno minator
x 1 1
eq.1
y2 8
x2 1
eq.2
y6 4
8x 8 y 2
8x y 10
4x 8 y 6
4x y 2
8x y 10
4x y 2
eq.1
eq.2
x 3;
4x 12
x3
substitute x value in eq.1
8 3 y 10
y 24 10
y 14
Therefore the fractions is
3
.
14
288. Digit Problem:

x 1st number
y 2nd number
x y 23...............eq.1
x 2 y 2 207.........eq.2
From eq.1 y 23 x ln 2
2
x 2 23 x 207
x 2 529 46x x 2 207
46x 736 0
736
x
16
46
y 23 16 7
289. Digit Problem:
B3 - 62
I
ALGEBRA
Let x numerator
x 2 denomin ator
x 1
1
3
2
x 1 1
x5 2
2 x 1 x 5
2x 2 x 5
x 7 numerator
x 2 9 denomin ator
7
9
0.60 560 x 0.76 560 x
336 x 425.6 0.76x
0.24x 89.6
1
x 373 grams
3
B3 - 63
I

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ALGEBRA

3. Value of Numerical Coefficient:

i1997 i1999 i1997 1 i2

7. Value of x to form a geometric progression:

W M 1hr L 1hr J 1hr

10. Value of the original number:

120x 120 32x 64x

, the coefficient of the term involving b 4 is :

18. Thickness of the folded paper:

Since the thickness of the paper will double every

19. Work Problem:

The total volume removed at the end of the sixth stroke is :

20. Rate Problem:

21. Clock Problem:

If the hands of the clock extend in opposite directions,

x 43.63 min or min 0.63 min

23. Total value of the estate:

25. Square of the cube:

64x 60 3 64x 60 3 4x 20 2x 2 2x10

26. Work Problem:

110 80 250 110

29. Harmonic Progression:

33. Level Problem:

x unknown dis tance

37. Remainder Theorem:

39. Number Problem:

40. The 1st term:

70 3ad 3ad 2d2 88

42. Work Problem:

43. Sum of all even integers:

Then, from the given condition :

45. Digit Problem:

The word " exceeds " will become a symbol for

48. Sum of all odd integers:

For numbers 10 to 500, the sequence of odd int egers is : 11,13,15,...499

50. Geometric Progression:

51. Solve for x:

52. Fraction Transformation:

54. Logarithm of 1 to any base:

56. Sum of the coefficients:

sum of the coefficients

57. Solving for x:

60. Cube of the equation:

a b 3 a3 2a2b ab2 a2b 2ab2 b3

65. Time it takes to fill the empty tank:

75. Clock problem:

76. Price of the book:

79. Sum of Series of numbers:

3.2181818 3.2 0.018 0.00018

83. Sum of imaginary numbers:

84. Length of vector:

90. Factor of the expression:

93. 97. Terms:

98. Sum of the coefficients:

100. Sum of the exponents:

a,b,c,d and e are the whole partsof the respective quotient

of the exp ansion, just substitute

Sum of all coefficients 18

162. Arithmetic mean of the remaining numbers:

165. Geometric Expression:

167. Sum of the roots of the equation:

169. Rectangular Form:

log 1 log 1 0j log e j jloge 0 1.364j

let the int egers be x, x 2, and x 4