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RIGID PAVEMENT
A rigid pavement is constructed from cement concrete or
reinforced concrete slabs. Grouted concrete roads are in
the category of semi-rigid pavements.
The design of rigid pavement is based on providing a
structural cement concrete slab of sufficient strength to
resists the loads from traffic. The rigid pavement has rigidity and high modulus of elasticity to distribute the load over
a relatively wide area of soil.
FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT
Flexible pavement can be defined as the one consisting of
a mixture of asphaltic or bituminous material and aggregates placed on a bed of compacted granular material of
appropriate quality in layers over the subgrade. Water
bound macadam roads and stabilized soil roads with or
without asphaltic toppings are examples of flexible pavements.
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Rigid Pavement
It consists of one layer Portland cement concrete
slab or relatively high flexural strength.
It is able to bridge over localized failures and area
of inadequate support.
Its structural strength is provided by the pavement slab itself by its beam action.
Flexural strength of concrete is a major factor for
design.
It distributes load over a wide area of sub grade
because of its rigidity and high modulus of elasticity.
Temperature changes induce heavy stresses in
rigid pavements.
Any excessive deformations occurring due to
heavier wheel loads are not recoverable, i.e. settlements are permanent.
Air-truck drill
A drilling machine for quarry or opencast blasting,
equipped with tracks and operated by independent air
motors.
Chip Spreader
A chip spreader lays down the aggregate on top of a bituminous binder which is then rolled by a compactor.
Cold Planer
Is a machine used to remove bituminous pavement or asphalt concrete from roadways, resulting in a somewhat
rough, even surface that can be immediately opened to
traffic.
Concrete Plant
A plant that combines various ingredients to form concrete. Some of these inputs include sand, water, aggregate
(rocks, gravel, etc.), fly ash, potash, and cement.
Curb Machine
It takes concrete and creates a continuous curb and gutter.
Cone Crusher
It breaks rock by squeezing the rock between an eccentrically gyrating spindle which is covered by a wear resistant
mantle. As rock enters the top, it becomes wedged and
squeezed between the mantle and the bowl. Large pieces
are broken once, and then fall to a lower position where
they are broken again.
Motor grader
Is a machine with a long blade used to create a flat surface. Graders are commonly used in the construction and
maintenance of dirt roads and gravel roads. In the construction of paved roads they are used to prepare the base
course to create a wide flat surface for the asphalt to be
placed on.
Paver
Is a machine used to lay asphalt on roadways. It is normally fed by a dump truck which brings hot asphalt.