Professional Documents
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Introduction
DTMF signaling is widely used in analog telephone dialing,
data entry, voice mail systems, remote control of various
consumer electronics (auto answering machines, home
automation devices, bank information services, etc.).
697 Hz
770 Hz
852 Hz
941 Hz
1209 Hz
1336 Hz
1477 Hz
1633 Hz
RowFrequency
Group
Column-Frequency Group
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Frequency Tolerance
The frequency tolerance about of 1.5% is allowed for valid DTMF tone. The tone with offset 3.5% must
be rejected.
Signal Duration
A valid signal with duration of 40 ms must be considered as valid. The tones with duration 23 ms or less
must be rejected.
Signal Interruption
A valid DTMF signal interrupted for 10 ms or less should not be detected as two distinct tones.
Signal Pause
A valid DTMF signal separated by 40 ms pause or more must be detected as two distinct characters.
The DTMF detector must correctly process signal with SNR 15 dB.
Tones Twist
The detector must correctly decode DTMF codes when row frequency signal is 8 dB larger than column
frequency signal. The detector must also operate correctly when column frequency signal is 4 dB larger
than row signal.
Talk-Off
The detector should operate in the presence of speech and music without incorrectly identifying the
speech signal as valid DTMF signals. To evaluate the decoder speech resistance, the decoder is tested
using BellCore test tapes.
to build DTMF
of a front-end
logic system to
or absence of
f
=
sk [ n ] 2 cos 2 k sk [ n 1] sk [ n 2] + x [ n ]
fs
Equation 1
sk [ n ] is the kth filter response for x [ n ] input sample, f k and f s are the kth filter corner and sample frequencies,
sk [ 1] = sk [ 2] = 0 , and n = 0.. N .
The squared absolute value of DFT coefficient
f
2
Y ( k=
) sk2 [ N ] + sk2 [ N 1] 2 cos 2 k sk2 [ N ] sk2 [ N 1]
fs
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Equation 2
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f
] vsk [n 1] + sign sin 2 k n x[n ]
vsk [n=
f s
Equation 3
f
] vck [n 1] + sign cos 2 k n x[n ]
vck [n=
f s
=
Z k2 vsk2 [ N ] + vck2 [ N ]
Equation 4
fs
fk
vs
=
vc
=
0 , n = 1.. N , and k = 0..15 . Z k2 is
k [ 0]
k [ 0]
the squared correlator output.
A simulation model is constructed using MATLAB.
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0.07
N=200
0.06
0.05
N=170
0.04
N=140
0.03
0.02
N=110
0.01
N=80
N=50
N=20
200
100
400
300
500
Ampl
Decoder Implementation
Signal Processing Software Front-End
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No
fCounter == N?
Yes
fCounter ==
N+1?
No
fCounter ==
N+2?
Yes
No
Yes
No
fReady == 0?
Yes
fCounter++
fCounter++
fCounter = 0
fCounter++
Calculate responses
for second harmonics
Calculate responses
for first harmonics
fReady = 1
Return
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No
fReady == 1?
Yes
Find maximum levels in
the row and column groups
fReady = 0
No
Yes
fDtmf_Enable == 1?
No
Is pause?
Yes
No
No
fDtmf_Enable = 1
Neighbored tones
OK?
Yes
No
Twists OK?
Yes
No
Second
harmonics OK?
Yes
Previous character
was decoded OK?
No
Yes
No
Characters twist
OK?
Adgust input
amplifier gain
Yes
No
Previous character =
decoded character
Character ==
previous character?
Yes
dtmf_enable = 0
Return
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Au t o m a t i c G a i n - C o n t r o l S u b s y s t e m
The automatic gain control (AGC) subsystem expands the decoder input signals dynamic range. The AGC adjusts the input
PGA gain according to the estimated signal energy. Figure 6 illustrates the AGC operation.
Yes
gCounter++
No
Yes
Gain++,
initialize gCounter
No
Is signal too
high?
Yes
gCounter--
No
Initialize gCounter
Yes
Gain--,
initialize gCounter
No
Return
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Parameter
Comment
Frequency Tests
Frequency
Allowed Deviation
697 Hz
-5.5%... +3.1%
770 Hz
-2.8%+3.4%
852 Hz
-3.4%...+3.5%
941 Hz
-3.7%...+4.5%
1209 Hz
-4.2%...+2.8%
1336 Hz
-3.2%...+2.7%
1447 Hz
-2.8%...+2.6%
1633 Hz
-2.6%...+2.5%
Twist Tests
Normal Twist Limit
9.1 dB
4.7 dB
Time Tests
Minimum Tone Time
45 ms
13 ms
17 dB
38 dB
(AGC Off)
Dynamic Range
(AGC On)
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References
7.
1.
ITU Blue Book, Recommendation Q.24, MultiFrequency Push-Button Signal Reception, Geneva,
1989.
8.
2.
9.
3.
4.
5.
6.
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can
be
at
Contact:
Victor Kremin
Associate Professor
Victor earned a radiophysics diploma
in 1996 from Ivan Franko National Lviv
University, PhD degree in Computer
Aided Design Systems in 2000 and is
presently working as an Associate
Professor at National University
Lvivska Polytechnika (Ukraine). His
interests involve the full cycle of
embedded systems design including
various
processors,
operating
systems, and target applications.
vick@cypress.com
14
Document History
Document Title: Analog Standard DTMF Detector AN2122
Document Number: 001-38003
Revision
ECN
Orig. of
Change
Submission
Date
Description of Change
**
1520284
YIS
10/01/2007
*A
2936425
VICK
05/24/2010
*B
3282455
ANBI_UKR
06/14/2011
*C
3315215
YARD_UKR
07/15/2011
*D
4384903
GRAA
05/20/2014
Updated Abstract.
*E
4622158
ASRI
01/13/2015
*F
4669719
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ASRI
02/24/2015
15
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