Cambridge Senior Specialist Mathematics AC/VCE Units 3 & 4

Online Teaching Suite Chapter 9 Differential equations: Chapter test 1

Multiple-choice questions
1

The solution of the differential equation = 3ex2, where y = 4 when x = 1, is y is equal to

A
B
C

3e x dx
2

3e u du 4
2

3e u du
2

3e u du 1
2

3e u du + 4

If f (x) = x2 1 and f (1) = 3, an approximate value of f (1.4) using Eulers method with
steps of size 0.2 is

3.088

3.6&

3.688

3.88

When an object is placed a distance of u cm in front of a curved mirror, its image appears
to be at a distance v cm behind the mirror, where v =

100u
. If the object is moving
100 u

towards the mirror for t seconds at a speed of 5 cm/s, then is equal to

A

50 000
(100 u ) 2

50 000
(100 u ) 2

Evans, Cracknell, Astruc, Lipson, Jones 2016

Cambridge Senior Specialist Mathematics AC/VCE Units 3 & 4

Online Teaching Suite Chapter 9 Differential equations: Chapter test 1

10 000
(100 u ) 2

10 000
(100 u ) 2

500

If g (x) = x and g (0) = 1, then g (x) is equal to

3

(x2 + 1) 2

(x2 + 1) 2 +

(x2 + 1) 2 + 1

(x2 + 1) 2 +

(x2 + 1) 2 +

If y = ekx satisfies the differential equation

A

6 and 1

1 and 6

5 and 6

3 and 2

2 and 3

d2y
= 5 6y, the possible values for k are
dx 2

The volume of a spherical bubble is v cm3 at time t minutes when the radius length is r cm.
The volume is decreasing at the rate of 0.2 cm3/min. The rate of decrease of the radius, in
cm/min, is given by
A

1
20 r 2

Evans, Cracknell, Astruc, Lipson, Jones 2016

Cambridge Senior Specialist Mathematics AC/VCE Units 3 & 4

Online Teaching Suite Chapter 9 Differential equations: Chapter test 1

4 r 2
5

1
40 r 2

1
4 r 2

20r2

If = e2y and x = 0 when y = 0, then x is equal to

A

2e2y + 2

2e2y 2

2e2y 2

e2y 2

e2y 2

A tank initially contains 100 litres of water in which is dissolved 5 kg of salt. A salt
solution of concentration 0.4 kg/L is poured into the tank at a rate of 3 L/min. The mixture
is kept uniform by stirring and flows out at a rate of 2 L/min. The mass of salt in the tank is
m kg after t minutes. In this situation equals

1.2 at t = 0, m = 0.4

1.2 at t = 0, m = 5

1.2 at t = 0, m = 0.4

1.2 at t = 0, m = 5

1.2 at t = 0, m = 5

The differential equation = y, where y > 0, has a general solution

A

y = ekx

y = ekx

y = kex

Evans, Cracknell, Astruc, Lipson, Jones 2016

Cambridge Senior Specialist Mathematics AC/VCE Units 3 & 4

Online Teaching Suite Chapter 9 Differential equations: Chapter test 1

10

y = kex

none of these

A cup of tea cools from an initial temperature of 80C, according to the law
= k(T 20) where the temperature is TC after t minutes. If the tea cools to 50C in
5 minutes, then k is equal to
A
B

5 loge 2

C
D

5 loge 2

E
11

Water is draining from a cone-shaped funnel at a constant rate of 600 cm 3/min. The cone
has height 50 cm and base radius 10 cm. Let h cm be the depth of water in the funnel at
time t minutes. The rate of decrease of h, in cm/min, is given by
10 cm

50 cm

12

B
C

15 000
h2

24h2

Evans, Cracknell, Astruc, Lipson, Jones 2016

Cambridge Senior Specialist Mathematics AC/VCE Units 3 & 4

Online Teaching Suite Chapter 9 Differential equations: Chapter test 1

12

Eulers method, with a step size of 0.2, is used to approximate the solution of the
differential equation = 1 with y = 1 at x = 0. When x = 0.4, the value obtained for y,
correct to four decimal places, is

13

1.3280

1.3857

1.3961

1.4000

1.4040

A 150 litre cylinder of air contains 20% oxygen. The amount of oxygen in the cylinder is to
be increased by pumping in pure oxygen at a constant rate of 10 litres/minute, while
removing the uniformly mixed air at the same rate. If p litres is the volume of oxygen in the
cylinder at time t minutes after the pumping begins, a differential equation for p in terms of
t is

14

= 8p where p = 30 at t = 0

= 8p where p = 150 at t = 0

= 30 + 10t where p = 30 at t = 0

= 10 where p = 30 at t = 0

= 10 where p = 150 at t = 0

An inverted cone, as shown in the diagram, is initially full of water. The water flows out
through a hole at the bottom at the rate of 0.1 m3/h, where h m is the depth of water
remaining after t hours. The volume v m3 of water is given by v = 0.03h3. At time t hours,
is given by

Evans, Cracknell, Astruc, Lipson, Jones 2016

Cambridge Senior Specialist Mathematics AC/VCE Units 3 & 4

Online Teaching Suite Chapter 9 Differential equations: Chapter test 1

1.2 m

4m

hm

0.9h 2

0.9h 2

0.009h 2

15

1
3

0.9 h 2
1
3

0.9 h 2

If y = 4x

1
and when t = 5, x = 10 and = 3, then when t = 5,
x2

12.3

11.7

12.006

Evans, Cracknell, Astruc, Lipson, Jones 2016

is equal to

Cambridge Senior Specialist Mathematics AC/VCE Units 3 & 4

Online Teaching Suite Chapter 9 Differential equations: Chapter test 1

11.994

4.002

Short-answer questions (technology-free)

1

Solve the differential equation = 2(7 y)2 where y = 0 when x = 0.

Given the differential equation f (x) = loge x where f (1) = 2, using Eulers method, with a
step size of 0.1, an approximation for f (1.2) is obtained in the form a loge 1.1 + b. Find a
and b.

A population of size x is decreasing according to the law =

x
where t denotes the time
20

in days. If initially the population is of size x0, prove that it takes 20 loge 2 days to halve
this initial value.
4

A tank initially contains 200 litres of water. Sugar solution of concentration 30 grams per
litre is added to the tank at the rate of 10 litres per minute. The mixture is kept uniform by
stirring while being drawn off at a rate of 7 litres per minute. If the tank contains x grams of
sugar after t minutes, set up a differential equation for x.

Find the value k such that y = kx tan1 x satisfies the differential equation =

Solve the differential equation =

x
.
2 2 x2

2
given that y = 0 when x =
1 4x 2

Evans, Cracknell, Astruc, Lipson, Jones 2016

Cambridge Senior Specialist Mathematics AC/VCE Units 3 & 4

Online Teaching Suite Chapter 9 Differential equations: Chapter test 1

Extended-response questions
A tank has a volume v cm3 at a depth of h m given by v = . The tank is initially empty but water
is pumped in at the rate of 0.03 cubic metres per second and flows out from the bottom of the
tank at 0.04 cubic metres per second.
1

Find the rate, in metres per second, at which the depth is increasing when the depth is 0.5
metres, giving your answer correct to two significant figures.

Express the time taken for the depth to rise to 0.5 metres as a definite integral and evaluate
it correct to the nearest second.

At what depth does the water ultimately stabilise in the tank?

Evans, Cracknell, Astruc, Lipson, Jones 2016

Cambridge Senior Specialist Mathematics AC/VCE Units 3 & 4

Online Teaching Suite Chapter 9 Differential equations: Chapter test 1

Answers to Chapter 9 test 1

Answers to multiple-choice questions
1

10

11

12

13

14

15

Answers to short-answer (technology-free) questions

1

y=

a = 0.1, b = 2

= 300

k=

y = tan1 (2x)

Answers to extended-response questions

1

2.7 104 m/s

0.5625 metres

Evans, Cracknell, Astruc, Lipson, Jones 2016

, 352 seconds