Ijasr - Alternate Method of Sowing Zero Tillage

International Journal of Agricultural
Science and Research (IJASR)

ISSN(P): 2250-0057; ISSN(E): 2321-0087
Vol. 6, Issue 3, Jun 2016, 545-560
© TJPRC Pvt. Ltd
ALTERNATE METHOD OF SOWING ZERO TILLAGE TECHNOLOGY
M. P. VERMA & J. P. SINGH

Scientist, KVK, Belipar, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
ABSTRACT
The tillage practice has its own role in crop cultivation and yield of production. The traditional method
requires more tillage practices, it takes too many time of repetition of tillage implements before sowing of seed. This is
uneconomical in point of view of production cast. This tillage practice is very time consuming and needed hard labour.
But in new concept of tillage, the farming is tending towards the tillage practice should be minimum or no tillage
practice required. Under these circumstances the zero tillage technology is economical, time saving and easy to operate.
The use of zero tillage is helpful for advance seeding from 10-15 days and the saving different aspects Rs 3500 per
hectare.
KEYWORDS: Zero Tillage ZT, Conventional Tillage CT, Resource Conservation Technology RCT
Received: Apr 19, 2016; Accepted: May 20, 2016; Published: Jun 16, 2016; Paper Id.: IJASRJUN2016067
Original Article
INTRODUCTION
The tillage has direct relation to crop production the seeding or sowing in not possible without tillage
practice the tillage operation was the sales Symbol in seeding this was the general thinking that more number of
plowing is cause of high yield in case of wheat and less number of plowing low yield. However; in modern
technology the researcher’s emphasizing that the minimum disturbance of soil in case of seeding. According to
minimum soil disturbance concept, the zero tillage technology introduced between farmers. The recent past few
years, due to globalization, it is necessary to put low cost of agr4icultural produce. Due to increase of input cost of
produce and low selling price, the zero tillage technology is adaptable. The zero tillage technology is very valuable
and wildly accepted easy technology. The use of zero tillage save, the fuel, time of sowing, seeds, water, fertilizer
and man power. The productivity of wheat varying range from 2 to 5q/ha. In addition to the saving of fuel
consumption is 26.5 to 43.75 lit/ha, economizing cast of seed and its seeding. upto 33% and 10-40% less irrigation
water requirement over conventional practice (Second workshop on NATP-RCT at NDUA&T June 5-7-2002), the
yield increases in zero tillage condition in comparison of conventional tillage up to 3-5 q/ha
(Chaudhry, Singh. Buchhan, 1998 GBPUA&T) Pantnagar. The zero tillage machine is seed cum ferti drill
machine, which must operates in unplowed field condition, the machine contain a inverted T type furrow opener
which opens shilits in the field. The seed and fertilizer are placed in the corresponding boxes and dropped out in
the shilit automatically. The width of shilit not should be more than 4 cm. The depth of shilit may be control by
hydraulic mechanism of tractor and with the ground wheel also.
STUDY AREA
The Gorakhpur district comprise Sadar, Bansgaon Chauri-chaura, Gola, Sahijanwa and Khajni tehsil,
present complex variety of land scape and falls under plane eastern agroclimatic zone, lis between 25’5o and 26'2o
www.tjprc.org editor@tjprc.org
546 M. P. Verma & J. P. Singh
north and the longitude of 83'25o and 84'20o east. It is bounded by Mahrajganj in the north, in east Kushinagar and Devaria
however, in west by Santkabirnagar. The Gaghra River divided the boundary of Mou, Azamgarh and Aumbedker Nagar
districts
The Faizabad districts is an administrative districts of UP and located in north Eastern part o UP between 26.47 N
latitude and between 82.12E and 83.05 E longitude The area of faizabad districts 2643 Sq km. The annual average rainfall
is 1035 mm and the maximum and minimum temp. found to be 43.70C, 2.20C in summer and winter respectively.
The ground water of districts yield from 10-40l it /sec depending on varying Litho logical condition. The district of
Faizabad districts is an administrative districts of UP and located in north Eastern part o UP between 26.47 N latitude and
between 82.12E and 83.05 E longitude The area of faizabad districts 2643 Sq km. The annual average rainfall is 1035 mm
and the maximum and minimum temp. found to be 43.70C, 2.20C in summer and winter respectively. The ground water of
districts yield from 10-40l it /sec depending on varying Litho logical condition.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The zero tillage seed cum ferti drill machine used for the purpose of field demonstration at farmer field condition
Field Condition
The experimental plot was hand and combine harvested rice fields were selected. The stable height varies from 4
to 30 cm respectively and the field moisture were 18 to 25%. The fields nearly weed free (3-4 weed/m2).
Machine Condition
The machine condition was good. There was no damage in machine. The machine was manufactured by National
Agro Industries. Ludhiana, the used machine that were nine and eleven tines. The seed and fertilizer box were putted on the
frame of zero tillage machine. The seed and fertilizer mechanism were fluted feed roller can vertically dropped mechanism
respectively. There were provided two levers for the seed and fertilizer adjustment. However the two base wheels were
provided for the purpose of depth control.
Adjustment of Machine
Calibration is a technique or method under which the machine tested for the desired seed and fertilizer rate
dropped in the sowing area.
Method of Calibration
For calibration the machine raised above the ground with the help of brick. After raise the machine the four bricks
were putted below of the furrow openers. or by frame. After raise the machine the Polly bags should be tied with silit
openers. After tie the bags the wheel of machine has been marked and start to rotate the wheel and count the No. of
rotation. Seeds were collected into the bags. After 25 revolutions stop the rotation. The Polly bags detached from the
furrow openers and weight the seed. If the desired seed rate obtained then stop, if then adjust the lever and repeat the above
process till get the required seed rate.
Adjustment of Depth
The depth of seed sowing is one of the most important factor, which affect the germination. So it is necessary that
the depth of sowing should be proper and not more than 5-7 cm. The help of base wheel can adjust this range of depth. If
the spacing between the surface and base wheel increases, the depth increases, if the spacing between surface and base
Impact Factor (JCC): 4.7987 NAAS Rating: 3.53

Alternate Method of Sowing Zero Tillage Technology 547
wheel decrease the depth of sowing decrease. At the time of depth setting, it should be confirm that the platform should be
leveled.
Data Collection
The experiments of demonstration of zero tillage were conducted on the 32 and 109 farmer’s field in the year of
2001-02 to 2010-11 respectively and are given in Tables 1-2.
Table 1: Area Sown under Resource Conservation Technology by

Wheat in Rabi 2001-02 in Gorakhpur District
Area Sown Seed Rate
Name of Block Date of Sowing Variety
(ha) kg/ha
Farmer ZT CT ZT CT ZT CT
S Nayak Kaudiram 2.2 0.02 18.11.01 24.11.01 Pbw 343 80 100
RS Pandey Do 3.5 0.02 22.11.01 25.11.01 Pbw 343 80 100
AR Dubey Gagha 1.6 0.02 22.11.01 24.11.01 Pbw 343 80 100
VP Singh Palli 3.2 0.02 18.11.01 22.11.01 Pbw 343 80 100
Gulab Singh Kaudiram 0.8 0.02 10.11.01 14.11.01 Pbw 343 80 100
M.Pandey Kaudiram 1.0 0.02 16.11.01 18.11.01 Pbw 343 80 100
Amulkishori Khorabar 1.8 0.02 28.11.01 28.11.01 Pbw 343 80 100
Gobind Singh Palli 1.0 0.02 26.11.01 30.11.01 Pbw 343 80 100
LB Singh Bhathat 1.2 0.02 30.11.01 3.12.01 Pbw 343 80 100

Area Sown Seed Rate
(ha) kg/ha
RS Pandey Kaudiram 3.5 0.02 18.11.02 22.11.02 Pbw 343 80 100
The several parameters were considered as constant like: nutrient applied irrigation, care maintenance, herbicides
etc.
Area Sown Seed Rate
(ha) kg/ha
RS Pandey Kaudiram 3.5 0.02 18.11.03 22.11.03 Pbw 343 80 100

Area Sown Seed Rate
Name of Block/District Date of Sowing Variety
(ha) kg/ha
S Nayak Kaudiram/GKP 2.2 0.02 06.11.04 16.11.04 Pbw 343 80 100
RS Pandey Kaudiram/GKP 3.5 0.02 08.11.04 16.11.04 Pbw 343 80 100
AR Dubey Gagha/GKP 1.6 0.02 08.11.04 16.11.04 Pbw 343 80 100
VP Singh. Palli/GKP 3.2 0.02 09.11.04 17.11.04 Pbw 343 80 100
Ram Ajor Tarun/FD 0.8 0.02 07.11.04 15.11.04 Pbw 343 80 100
Maya RAm Tarun/FD 1.0 0.02 06.11.04 14.11.04 Pbw 343 80 100
Ram Sajiwan Tarun/FD 1.8 0.02 06.11.04 14.11.04 Pbw 343 80 100
Hariram Tarun/FD 1.0 0.02 09.11.04 17.11.04 Pbw 343 80 100
Gaya Prasad Gosainganj/FD 1.2 0.02 09.11.04 17.11.04 Pbw 343 80 100

Wheat in Rabi 2005-06 in Gorakhpur and Faizabad District
Seed Rate
Name of Block/District Area Sown (ha) Date of Sowing Variety
kg/ha

Area Sown Seed Rate
(ha) kg/ha

Area Sown Seed Rate
(ha) kg/ha

Table 7: contd.,

Area Sown Seed Rate
(ha) kg/ha

Area Sown Seed Rate
(ha) kg/ha

Wheat in Rabi 2010-11 in Gorakhpur and Faizabad Districts
Area Sown Seed Rate
(ha) kg/ha
List of Figure
Figure: 1-10 Farmer Wise Weed Condition in Zero Tillage and Conventional System
ZT(Phelirsh.minor/m2)
140
CT(Phelirsh.minor/m2)
ZT(Phelirsh.minor/m2) 120
120 CT(Phelirsh.minor/m2
100
100
Weed conditions
80
W eed C ondition
80
60
60
40 40
20 20
0 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10
Number of farmer Number of Farmer
Figure 1: Farmer Wise Weed Condition in Figure 2: Farmer Wise Weed Condition in ZT&
ZT & CT Condition in Year 2001-02 CT Condition in Year 2002-03
140 CT(Phelirsh.minor/m2
140
120 120
100 100
Weed Condition
W eed C ondition
80 80
60 60
40 40
20 20
0 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10
Number of Farmers Number of Farmer
Figure 3: Farmer Wise Weed Condition in ZT & Figure 4: Farmer Wise Weed Condition in ZT &
CT Condition in Year 2003-04 CT Condition in Year 2004-05
140 120 CT(Phelirsh.minor/m2
120
100
100
80
Weed C ondition
W e e d C ondition
80
60
60
40
40
20
20
0 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10
Number of Farmer Number of Farmer
CT Condition in year 2005-06 CT Condition in year 2006-07

ZT(Phelirsh.minor/m2) ZT(Phelirsh.minor/m2)
120 CT(Phelirsh.minor/m2 120 CT(Phelirsh.minor/m2
100 100
80 80
W eed C ondition
W e ed C ondition
60 60
40 40
20 20
0 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10
120
120 CT(Phelirsh.minor/m2)
100 100
80 80
Weed Condition
Weed C ondition
60 60
40 40
20 20
0 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
The Zero tillage demonstration were conducted at the farmer fields for the purpose of to create the awareness of
zero tillage technology at he farmer label. The demonstrations were conducted by the Re-KVK Gorakhpur.
Fuel and Energy Saving
The zero tillage technology avoids field preparation and saves 100% field preparation cost and time with human
labour for the sowing of wheat. According to mechanism of zero tillage seed cum fertilizer drill, it open the silit then
fertilizer and seeds dropped in to the slit. In ZT condition, the field preparation is not required. So by use of ZT, its saves
the time of field preparation and fuel cast also.
However, in case of traditional / broadcasting method it needed the seed bed, for the preparation of seed bed, four
to six plowing is necessary. Due to more number of plowing, the seed bed preparation cast becomes much high and varies
form Rs-1500 to 2250 per hectare. During field operation its required 26 to 43 liter diesel per hectare. Which is much high
in form cast and quantity both. However, in ZT condition, there is field preparation is not required. So by use of ZT, its
saves the time of field preparation and cast of fuel also.
Seeding Advancement of Wheat
The research demonstration conducted in different blocks of Gorakhpur districts. The area of Gorakhpur is flood
porn and it takes time to free the field from water. This process takes time and seeding tends towards late. In this condition
zero tillage is more advantageous for the purpose of seeding. In this area the seeding started from last week of November
or first week of December and the traditional method needed much time for field preparation seeding by conventional
method to be late. For timely seeding and good production, this technology or direct seeding technology provides great
opportunity in case of seeding and yield.
Seed Saving
This is clear from the Table 1, the seed rate needed less in Zero tillage method however, in broadcasting method
needed 25% more seed in comparison of Zero tillage or direct seeding or line sowing method. The farmers use various seed
rate in districts it is due to lack of knowledge and lack of technology. According to former practices, the formers use the
seed rate in seeding 120 to 150 kg/ha in conventional method. Which is national loss, it can prevent by the removal of
technological gap. Due to use of high seed rate, less tillering and spacing between plants is also less. The spacing and
tilring also effect the yield as given in Tables 3-4.
Saving in Irrigation
The zero tillage technology has the one main saving aspect in form of irrigation water saving. It is allows 40%
water saving in first irrigation 35% saving in 2nd irrigation. 25% in 3rd and last saving 4th irrigation 10% in comparison of
conventional method. It is clear the more water saving in Ist irrigation and minimum saving in last irrigation. This is
because of, at the time of Ist irrigation, the field under zero tillage was unplowed, however the field under conventional
method was plowed, so the flooding time and water needed more in conventional method and less time and water requires
in ZT condition. Due to increase of irrigation the compaction increases in CT method and lastly it’s become as ZT
condition in case of irrigation water requirement.
Effect on Weed Phalaris Minor
As evident from the Table 11-20, the weed population of phataris minor is decreasing in Zero tillage condition
however, in the conventional method the population of phalaris minor is same as compare to the zero tillage condition and
gradually its germination rates tending towards constant and gets constant. The data was collected from the farmer’s field
after 30th days of sowing. The weed population was too high in conventional method sown areas. It is due to; method
needed field preparation is essential. The farmer operates many cross plowing during the field preparation, the seed of
weeds gets expose and therefore their density increases due to more germination. But in case of zero tillage the minimum
area should be open for sowing, in this condition only those seeds geminate, which were exposed. If this repetition should
be followed on a specific field, the weed controlling is possible.

Figure 11-20: Farmer Wise Effective Tillers in Zero Tillage and Conventional System
500
ZT(Effective Tillers/m2)
500 CT(Effective Tillers/m2)
CT(Effective Tillers/m2)
400
400
E f fe c tive tille rs/m 2

300
Effective tillers/m2
300
200
200
100
100
0 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10
Figure 11: Farmer Wise Effective Tiller Condition in Figure 12: Farmer Wise Effective Tiller Condition in
ZT & CT Condition in Year 2001-02 ZT & CT Condition in Year 2002-03
500 500
400 400
E f f e c tiv e T ille r s/m 2
300 300
200 200
100 100
0 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10
ZT(Effective Tillers/m2) ZT(Effective Tillers/m2)

500 500
CT(Effective Tillers/m2) CT(Effective Tillers/m2)
400 400
E ffe c tive T ille rs/m 2
Effe c tive Tille rs/m2
300 300
200 200
100 100
0 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10
ZT(Effective Tillers/m2) 500 ZT(Effective Tillers/m2)

500 CT(Effective Tillers/m2) CT(Effective Tillers/m2)
400
400
E ffe c tive T ille rs/m 2

300
300
200 200
100 100
0 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10
500 500
ZT(Effective Tillers/m2) ZT(Effective Tillers/m2)
CT(Effective Tillers/m2) CT(Effective Tillers/m2)
400 400
E f f e c tive tille r s/m 2
300 300
200 200
100 100
0 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10
Yield
As evident from the visual observation and yield graph the basic differences of yield between conventional and
Zero tillage method varies from 2 to 5 q/ha. The graph presents a significant variation in yield. The Table-11-20 also
presents a good variation in yield between ZT and CT method.
Table 11: Agronomical and Yield Data of the Year 2001-2002

Name of Farmer Phelirsh.Minor/m2 Effective Tillers Spikelet’s Yield q/ha
ZT CT ZT CT ZT CT ZT CT
S Nayak 45 89 450 399 19 15 45 41
RS Pandey 55 103 480 403 21 17 50 46
AR Dubey 57 110 385 385 21 19 48 42
VP Singh 47 97 480 411 23 19 51 47
Gulab Singh 49 104 448 395 19 15 46 43
M.Pandey 56 115 445 385 21 19 47.5 42
Amulkishori 67 112 415 387 23 21 50 45
Gobind Singh 61 99 408 392 21 17 46 41
LB Singh 59 117 398 382 17 15 40 35.5


S Nayak 36 76 430 398 21 17 44 41
RS Pandey 51 98 455 403 19 15 47 46
AR Dubey 42 110 418 395 21 17 47.5 42
VP Singh 45 80 428 399 23 19 46 47
Gulab Singh 49 104 417 389 21 19 46 43
M.Pandey 55 96 406 395 19 17 44 42
Amulkishori 52 100 422 411 23 19 46 43.5
Gobind Singh 45 105 398 385 21 17 44 41
LB Singh 38 115 410 385 19 15 43 35.5

S Nayak 25 79 451 399 19 15 45 41
RS Pandey 28 98 481 403 21 17 50 46
AR Dubey 30 105 386 385 21 19 48 42
VP Singh 29 86 481 411 23 19 51 47
Gulab Singh 24 110 448 395 19 15 46 43
M.Pandey 26 100 443 385 21 19 47.5 42
Amulkishori 31 125 413 387 23 21 50 45
Gobind Singh 28 135 411 392 21 17 46 41
LB Singh 24 110 397 382 17 15 40 35.5

S Nayak 25 84 411 398 21 17 44 41
RS Pandey 28 105 455 403 19 15 47 46
AR Dubey 30 120 413 395 21 17 47.5 42
VP Singh. 29 98 428 399 23 19 46 47
Ram Ajor 24 109 416 389 21 19 46 43
Maya RAm 26 94 403 395 19 17 44 42
Ram Sajiwan 31 120 415 411 23 19 46 43.5
Hariram 28 108 397 385 21 17 44 41
Gaya Prasad 24 119 385 385 19 15 43 36.5

Name of Farmer Phelirsh.minor/m2 Effective tillers Spikelet’s Yield q/ha
S Nayak 25 85 451 399 19 15 45 41
RS Pandey 28 89 481 403 21 17 50 46
AR Dubey 30 120 384 385 21 19 48 42
VP Singh. 29 105 482 411 23 19 51 47
Ram Ajor 24 109 449 395 19 15 46 43
Maya RAm 26 86 446 385 21 19 47.5 42
Ram Sajiwan 31 108 413 387 23 21 50 45
Hariram 28 103 421 392 21 17 46 41
Gaya Prasad 24 119 426 382 17 15 40 35

S Nayak 25 73 414 398 21 17 44 41
RS Pandey 28 95 453 403 19 15 47 46
AR Dubey 30 110 416 395 21 17 47.5 42
VP Singh. 29 88 427 399 23 19 46 47
Ram Ajor 24 106 418 389 21 19 46 43
Maya RAm 26 106 410 395 19 17 44 42
Ram Sajiwan 31 100 418 411 23 19 46 43.5
Hariram 28 105 431 385 21 17 44 41
Gaya Prasad 24 115 428 385 19 15 43 35.5

S Nayak 18 82 450 399 19 15 45 41
RS Pandey 28 98 480 404 21 17 50 46
AR Dubey 30 113 385 384 21 19 48 42
VP Singh. 29 99 480 410 23 19 51 47
Ram Ajor 24 106 448 396 19 15 46 43
Maya RAm 26 99 445 386 21 19 47.5 42
Ram Sajiwan 31 99 415 386 23 21 50 45
Hariram 23 103 429 394 21 17 46 41
Gaya Prasad 24 120 428 386 17 15 40 36

S Nayak 15 76 416 398 21 17 44 41
RS Pandey 28 98 454 403 19 15 47 46
AR Dubey 30 110 416 395 21 17 47.5 42
VP Singh. 29 80 427 399 23 19 46 47
Ram Ajor 24 104 418 389 21 19 46 43
Maya RAm 26 96 407 395 19 17 44 42
Ram Sajiwan 30 100 418 411 23 19 46 43.5
Hariram 18 105 428 385 21 17 44 41
Gaya Prasad 23 115 419 385 19 15 43 36.5

S Nayak 8 76 450 399 19 15 45 41
RS Pandey 28 98 480 403 21 17 50 46
AR Dubey 28 110 436 385 21 19 48 42
VP Singh. 29 80 480 411 23 19 51 47
Ram Ajor 25 104 448 395 19 15 46 43
Maya RAm 26 96 445 385 21 19 47.5 42
Ram Sajiwan 31 100 415 387 23 21 50 45
Hariram 15 105 415 392 21 17 46 41
Gaya Prasad 24 115 419 382 17 15 40 36


S Nayak 8 75 412 398 21 17 44 41
RS Pandey 26 97 454 403 19 15 47 46
AR Dubey 31 111 412 395 21 17 47.5 42
VP Singh. 29 81 427 399 23 19 46 47
Ram Ajor 24 103 417 389 21 19 46 43
Maya RAm 23 97 404 395 19 17 44 42
Ram Sajiwan 31 101 416 411 23 19 46 43.5
Hariram 15 109 399 385 21 17 44 41
Gaya Prasad 23 117 394 385 19 15 43 36
Yield in ZT and CT Condition
It is evident from the Table 11-20 and figure 21-30 the No of effective tillers in ZT condition are more and are
less in CT condition. The role of effective tillers are main in case of yield. If No of effective tillers are more in numbers,
then definitely the yield will be more, but the factor number of spikelet’s in per spike cannot ignore. Form the Tables 11-
20, the number of effective tillers, number of spikelets per spikes- are more number in zero tillage condition in comparison
of conventional tillage. From the graph 21-30 and tables the yield in ZT condition is more up to 2-5 q/ha. According to
Tables 11-20, the required seed rate in conventional tillage is higher up to 25% but the yield is less. However in case of
Zero tillage condition the less seed rate required is less and production is higher.
Figure 21-30: Farmer Wise Yield in Zero Tillage and Conventional System
ZT(Yieldqt/ha)
60 50 CT(Yieldqt/ha)
ZT(Yieldqt/ha)
50 CT(Yieldqt/ha) 40
40
30
Y ie ld ( q t/h a )
Y ie ld in qt/h a
30
20
20
10
10
0 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10
Number of Farmer Number of farmer
Figure 21: Farmer Wise Yield in ZT & CT Figure 22: Farmer Wise Yield in ZT & CT
Condition in Year 2001-02 Condition in Year 20002-03
ZT(Yieldqt/ha) ZT(Yieldqt/ha)
60 CT(Yieldqt/ha) 50 CT(Yieldqt/ha)
50
40
40
30
Y ie ld( qt/h a )
Y ie ld ( q t/h a )
30
20
20
10
10
0 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10
Number of farmer Number of farmer
Figure 23: Farmer Wise Yield in ZT & CT Figure 24: Farmer Wise Yield in ZT & CT
Condition in Year 2003-04 Condition in Year 20004-05
50 50
40 40
Y ie ld ( q t/h a )
Y ie ld ( q t/h a )
30 30
20 20
10 10
0 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10
Figure 25: Farmer Wise Yield Condition in Figure 26: Farmer Wise Yield Condition in
ZT & CT Farming in Year 2005-06 ZT & CT Farming in Year 2006-07
ZT(Yieldqt/ha)
60 ZT(Yieldqt/ha)
CT(Yieldqt/ha) 60 CT(Yieldqt/ha)
50
50
40 40
Y ie ld ( q t/h a )
Y ie ld ( q t/h a )
30 30
20 20
10 10
0 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10
Figure 27: Farmer Wise Yield in ZT & CT Figure 28: Farmer Wise Yield Condition in ZT & CT
Condition in Year 2007-08 Farming in Year 2008-09

50
40
40
30
Y ie ld(qt/ha )
Y ie ld( q t/ha )
30
20
20
10
10
0 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10
Figure 29: Farmer Wise Yield Condition in ZT & CT Figure 30: Farmer Wise Yield Condition in ZT & CT
Farming in Year 2009-10 Farming in Year 2010-11
CONCLUSIONS
The ZT method promotes to saves input cost in rice-wheat cropping pattern. Before sowing of wheat, field
preparation is essential in rice-wheat cropping system. The cost field preparation varies from Rs. 1500-2250 per hectare,
which is quiet high. Under Resource Conservation Technology concept the cost of plowing could be save by the adoption
of the Zero tillage technology in case of wheat cultivation. The zero tillage method provide the opportunity to save the 10-
40% of irrigation water,25% seed saving. This technology is also capable to 50% weed control without any additional
input. By the adoption of this method the yield increases from 2 to 5 q/ha, in comparison of conventional method. There is
no risk in the adoption of zero tillage technology, and it is useful in any cultivable soil condition.
REFERENCES
1. Chaudhary V. P. and Bachhan Singh 1998. Zero tillage technology and its response, M.Tech Thesis. GBPUA&T Pantnagar
2. National workshop on NATP- Resource conservation Technology 2oo2, NDUA&T Kumarganj faizabad
3. Annual report 2001-02, 2002-03 progress of zero tillage performance, Zonal agriculture research station Gorakhpur.
4. Mehta, R S, J, K, Verma, R. K. Gupta and P. R. Hobbs 2000. Stagnation in productivity of wheat in the Indo Gangetic plains;
zero-till-seed-cum-fertilizer drill as an integrated solution. Rice wheat consortium paper series no.8; 12p.

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International Journal of Agricultural

Science and Research (IJASR)

ALTERNATE METHOD OF SOWING ZERO TILLAGE TECHNOLOGY

M. P. VERMA & J. P. SINGH

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Impact Factor (JCC): 4.7987 NAAS Rating: 3.53

Table 1: Area Sown under Resource Conservation Technology by

Table 2: Area Sown under Resource Conservation Technology by

Table 4: Area Sown under Resource Conservation Technology by

Table 5: Area Sown under Resource Conservation Technology by

Table 6: Area Sown under Resource Conservation Technology by

Table 7: Area Sown under Resource Conservation Technology by

Impact Factor (JCC): 4.7987 NAAS Rating: 3.53

Table 8: Area Sown under Resource Conservation Technology by

Table 9: Area Sown under Resource Conservation Technology by

Table 10: Area Sown under Resource Conservation Technology by

Impact Factor (JCC): 4.7987 NAAS Rating: 3.53

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

Fuel and Energy Saving

Seeding Advancement of Wheat

Effect on Weed Phalaris Minor

Impact Factor (JCC): 4.7987 NAAS Rating: 3.53

E f fe c tive tille rs/m 2

ZT(Effective Tillers/m2) ZT(Effective Tillers/m2)

Effe c tive Tille rs/m2

ZT(Effective Tillers/m2) 500 ZT(Effective Tillers/m2)

E ffe c tive T ille rs/m 2

E f f e c tive tille r s/m 2

Table 11: Agronomical and Yield Data of the Year 2001-2002

Impact Factor (JCC): 4.7987 NAAS Rating: 3.53

Table 12: Agronomical and Yield Data of the Year 2002-2003

Table 13: Agronomical and Yield Data of the Year 2003-2004

Table 14: Agronomical and Yield Data of the Year 2004-2005

Table 15: Agronomical and Yield Data of the Year 2005-2006

Table 16: Agronomical and Yield Data of the Year 2006-2007

Table 17: Agronomical and Yield Data of the Year 2007-2008

Table 18: Agronomical and Yield Data of the Year 2008-2009

Table 19: Agronomical and Yield Data of the Year 2009-2010

Impact Factor (JCC): 4.7987 NAAS Rating: 3.53

Table 20: Agronomical and Yield Data of the Year 2010-2011

Yield in ZT and CT Condition

Impact Factor (JCC): 4.7987 NAAS Rating: 3.53

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