Professional Documents
Culture Documents
GRAMMAR
1.-THE ADJECTIVE
(EL ADJETIVO)
El adjetivo calificativo en ingls es invariable
(es decir, tiene la misma forma para el singular
masculino y femenino y para el plural masculino
y femenino) y precede al sustantivo:
Examples:
English
Spanish
el nio bueno
una nia delgada
los gatos malos
algunas banderas blancas
Examples:
English
2.-DEGREES OF COMPARISON
(GRADOS DE COMPARACIN)
2.1.-SUPERIORITY COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES
(GRADO COMPARATIVO DE SUPERIORIDAD Y SUPERLATIVO RELATIVO)
El grado comparativo de superioridad (ms +
adjetivo) y el grado superlativo relativo (el/ la/ los/
las ms + adjetivo) de los adjetivos en ingls se
forma:
Spanish
hot / hotter
clido / ms clido
thin / thinner
delgado / ms delgado
Positive
English
Comparative
Examples:
Superlative
English
Comparative
happy
happier
happiest
wise
wiser
wisest
easy
easier
easiest
terrible
more terrible
cold
colder
coldest
sensible
more sensible
yellow
yellower
yellowest
candid
more candid
Positive
Spanish
Comparative
Positive
Superlative
feliz
ms feliz
el ms feliz
sabio
ms sabio
el ms sabio
fcil
ms fcil
el ms fcil
fro
ms fro
el ms fro
amarillo
ms amarillo
el ms amarillo
Positive
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Spanish
Comparative
Superlative
Superlative
terrible
ms terrible
el ms terrible
sensato
ms sensato
el ms sensato
cndido
ms cndido
el ms cndido
2.2.-INFERIORITY COMPARATIVES
(GRADO DE INFERIORIDAD DEL ADJETIVO)
Para formar el grado de inferioridad del
adjetivo ("menos + adjetivo, el /la /los /las
menos + adjetivo") siempre se utiliza la forma
"less" en el comparativo, y "the least" en el
superlativo, antepuesto al adjetivo (ya sea un
adjetivo de una o ms slabas):
Examples:
English
Comparative
Positive
Superlative
terrible
less terrible
happy
less happy
Spanish
Comparative
Positive
Superlative
good
better
the best
bad
worse
the worst
little
less
the least
old
older/ elder
Positive
Spanish
Comparative
Superlative
terrible
menos terrible
el menos terrible
feliz
menos feliz
el menos feliz
2.3.-EQUALITY COMPARATIVES
(GRADO DE IGUALDAD DEL ADJETIVO)
Positive
English
Comparative
Superlative
bueno
mejor
el ptimo
malo
peor
el psimo
pequeo
menos
el mnimo
viejo
ms viejo
mayor
el ms viejo
el mayor
English
Joan is as beautiful as Mary, but she is not so good
as she is/ as her. *
adjetivo en
grado
+ THAN + SUST
comparativo
Examples:
Spanish
Joan es tan guapa como Mary, pero no es tan
buena como ella.
English
You are stronger than me.
You love him more than me, and less than her.
Spanish
(T) eres ms fuerte que yo.
Mi hermana es ms alta que tu madre.
(T) lo quieres (a l) ms que yo, y menos que ella.
5.-THE ADVERB I
(EL ADVERBIO I)
English
Spanish
He is never in time.
Spanish
He reads well.
English
Manner
Place
Time
Quantity
here
early
so
only
there
late
quickly
rather
in
before
certainly
almost
out
after
thus
much
near
still
far
soon
Examples:
English
I shall read your letter now.
Spanish
Spanish
Time
Manner
Place
Quantity
aqu
pronto
as
slo
all
tarde
deprisa
bastante
en
antes
ciertamente
casi
fuera
despus
as
mucho
cerca
hasta
lejos
pronto
Examples:
Examples:
English
Spanish
English
Spanish
My sister is so nice!
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DAILY
SPEAKING
Is that Teresa?
Es usted Teresa?
Alicia:
Alicia:
Who's calling?
Quin llama?
Nuria:
Nuria:
This is Nuria.
Soy Nuria.
Alicia:
This is Nuria
Alicia:
Nuria:
Nuria:
Alicia:
Alicia:
Whos calling?
4
Yes, I think she does. Im
going to give you my
number just in case. Do you
have a pen and a piece of
paper with you?
Nuria:
My phone number is:
0-9-8-2-3-4-7-9-6
Nuria:
Thank you
very much
Yes, I do
OK, shell call you
back later
You are welcome
-40-
Alicia:
Alicia:
Yes, I do.
S.
Nuria:
Nuria:
Alicia:
Alicia:
Nuria:
Nuria:
Alicia:
Alicia:
CIVILIAN
VOCABULARY
Spanish
Monday
lunes
Tuesday
martes
Wednesday
mircoles
Thursday
jueves
Friday
viernes
Saturday
sbado
Sunday
domingo
4.-DATES
(FECHAS)
spring
autumn/ fall
summer
first
January
2000
Today is the
Todays the
second
Febrary
2001
(BrE)
fourth
April
2003
...
...
...
January
first
2000
second
2001
winter
Spanish
January
enero
February
febrero
March
marzo
April
abril
May
mayo
June
junio
July
julio
August
agosto
September
septiembre
October
octubre
November
noviembre
December
diciembre
third
of
the
March
third
of
of
2002
2002
April
fourth
2003
...
...
...
-41-
one
one
one
one
one
one
hundred
hundred
hundred
hundred
hundred
hundred
and
and
and
and
and
and
one
two
three
ten
twenty-five
thirty
145
150
165
170
185
190
200
one hundred
one hundred
one hundred
one hundred
one hundred
one hundred
two hundred
and
and
and
and
and
and
forty-five
fifty
sixty-five
seventy
eighty-five
ninety
1 000
1 100
1 101
10 000
100 000
1 000 000
2 000 000
one thousand
one thousand and a hundred
one thousand one hundred and one
ten thousand
one hundred thousand
one million
two million
Examples:
English
Spanish
READING
COMPREHENSION
1.-HOLIDAYS
(VACACIONES)
In Great Britain, Ireland and the United States
of America there are quite a few important
holidays. Families get together to celebrate these
important holidays. The 25th of December is
Christmas and the 31st of the same month New
Year's Eve. On St. Valentine's Day (14th of
February) some men give roses and presents to
their girlfriends or wifes
-42-
MILITARY
TERMS
Spanish
light infantry
infantera ligera
field artillery
artillera de campaa
antiaircraft artillery
artillera antiarea
cavalry
caballera
engineers
ingenieros
sappers
zapadores
signals/ communications
transmisiones
recognisance
reconocimiento
logistics
logstica
transportation
transporte
electronic warfare
guerra electrnica
army aviation
technical branch
especialidad tcnica
maintenance team
equipo de mantenimiento
supply unit
unidad de abastecimiento
special operations
operaciones especiales
parachutist
paracaidista
Spanish Legion
Legin Espaola
airborne operation
operacin aerotransportada
combat diver
buceador de combate
light infantry
field artillery
cavalry
engineers
communications
army aviation
APC
APC
BMR
(Armo(u)red Personnel Carrier) (transporte de personal)
mechanised infantry
infantera mecanizada
motorised unit
unidad motorizada
armoured
acorazado
military police
polica militar
bugle
corneta [objeto]
bugler
corneta [persona]
vehicle
vehculo
parachutists
vehicle
special operations
Spanish Legion
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MILITARY
CONVERSATION
Whats your
branch, Ramrez?
Full Corporal:
Cabo Primero
Corporal:
Cabo:
Light Infantry, Sir.
Im posted in the
3rd Rifle Company
Full Corporal:
Cabo Primero:
Corporal:
Cabo:
Full Corporal:
Cabo Primero:
Corporal:
Cabo:
Certainly, I should
apply for the driving
course
EXERCISES
1) FILL
BY USING
year before.
h) (thin) Anna is the ______ girl in her class.
h) (old) I am four years _____ than you.
3) FILL
6) FILL
January
William's interview
4) FILL
Positive
Comparative
Superlative
hot
hotter
hottest
Spring begins
Sally's holidays
good
6th month of the year
Summer begins
Peter's wedding
least
older
beautiful
12th month of the year
worst
green
greenest
dirtier
7th month of the year
small
Julian's birthday
7) FILL
March
SPRING
September
November
June
SUMMER
December
8) MATCH
WORDS
1)
TO
10)
English terms
Spanish terms
1)
technical branch
a)
equipo de mantenimiento
2)
b)
Logstica
3)
maintenance team
c)
operaciones especiales
4)
cavalry
d)
unidad motorizada
5)
special operations
e)
6)
parachutist
f)
especialidad tcnica
7)
logistics
g)
acorazado
8)
motorised unit
h)
caballera
9)
armoured
i)
j)
paracaidista
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