CDIGO: 2114629

ENGLISH ARTICLE FLUID MECHANICS by Yonatan Javier Amaya Yanquen

UNA REVISIN ACERCA DE LA DINAMICA DE FLUIDOS

COMPUTACIONALES (CFD) EN INSTALACIONES AVCOLAS

A REVIEW ABOUT THE USE OF COMPUTATIONAL FLUID

DYNAMICS (CFD) IN BROILER HOUSE

RESUMEN: La agroindustria avcola

moderna est siendo sometida a
rigurosos requisitos internacionales
para garantizar el bienestar de los
animales y de las personas, al mismo
tiempo est buscando una constante
mejora
en
la
produccin
y
competitividad.
Para
ello,
las
instalaciones de produccin de pollos
de engorde deben ser diseadas de
tal manera que ofrezcan las mejores
condiciones de confort trmico animal
tanto en invierno como en verano. En
este
sentido,
el
modelaje
computacional se ha constituido en
una herramienta interesante en la
definicin
y
entendimiento
de
proyectos
de
sistemas
de
acondicionamiento de ambientes
compatibles
con
la
avicultura
industrial de pases como el Brasil. El

objetivo de este estudio es dar a

conocer el estado del arte de la
aplicabilidad
de
CFD
en
el
acondicionamiento trmico de las
instalaciones para pollos de engorde
y sus limitaciones actuales. Se parte
del supuesto de que a partir de los
modelos con CFD se pueden generar
conocimientos de las distribuciones
de velocidad, temperatura del aire,
gases y material particulado, cuando
las
instalaciones
presentan
ventilacin
natural,
ventilacin
mecnica y sistemas de enfriamiento
adiabticos evaporativos.

PALABRAS
CLAVE:
Modelos
computacionales, ambiente animal,
sistemas de ventilacin, produccin
avcola.

ABSTRACT: The modern poultry

industry has been undergone to strict
international requirements to ensure
the welfare of animals and people,
while
seeking
continuous
improvement of its production and
maintenance of their competitiveness.
For this, the broilers facilities should
be designed in such a way that
affords the best conditions of thermal
comfort in both winter and summer.
Thus, mathematical modeling has
been an interesting tool in the
definition and understanding of
projects of thermal analysis for
environment
compatible
with
industrial aviculture in Brazil, making
the application of Computational Fluid
Dynamics (CFD) to be highly
recommended. The aim of this work

was to elaborate the state of art of the

applicability of CFD in environment of
broilers facilities and their current
limitations. It starts from the
assumption that from CFD models it
is possible to acquire knowledge of
the distributions of velocity, air
temperature, gases and particulate
matter, when facilities are subjected
to natural ventilation, mechanical
ventilation and adiabatic evaporative
cooling systems.

TOPIC

humidity increase levels of gases

such as ammonia. To minimize these
impacts and prevent production
losses product of thermal discomfort
and conditions of air quality poultry
facilities should have systems of
artificial ventilation by positive or
negative
pressure
(mechanical
systems), often associated with
evaporative
cooling
systems
generated by internal nebulization
systems or cooling pads.

In countries in tropical and subtropical

climates like Brazil is normal to find
high air temperatures during most of
the year, especially during the
summer, making the breeding of
broilers produced in facilities with
natural ventilation, are some variables
in obtaining production in industrial
scale. In addition, exposing the birds
to large thermal discomfort conditions,
high
temperature
values
also
associated with high values of relative

KEYWORDS: Computational models,

animal
environment,
ventilation
systems, poultry production.

Such
technological
adaptations
generated inside the premises
different
temperature
gradients,
variation in ventilation rates and
concentrations of different gases.
Therefore, it is necessary to perform
continuous monitoring in order to
provide the best conditions for animal
welfare and workers, in terms of
temperature,
air
velocity
and
concentration
of
gases.
Such
technological adaptations generated
inside
the
premises
different
temperature gradients, variation in
ventilation rates and concentrations of
different gases.
Therefore, it is necessary to perform
continuous monitoring in order to
provide the best conditions for animal
welfare and workers, in terms of
temperature,
air
velocity
and
concentration
of
gases.
Computational Fluid Dynamics or
CFD
analysis
makes
systems
involving fluid flow, heat and mass
transfer and partners, such as
chemical reactions, which would be
difficult
to
model
phenomena
numerically
without
computer
assistance. The model describes the
fluid flow is presented by means of
equations of mass, momentum and
energy, simplified to follow. Turbulent
flow can be modeled by the use of
different models, looking to find the
best results and have been used in

several conducted with natural and

mechanical ventilation work. Among
the models available, "Reynolds
Averaged Navier-Stokes equation"
(RANS) and "large- eddy simulation"
(LES) are the most common. Despite
the reliability LES models require a
long time to resolve and therefore,
they are rarely used, unless required
a great precision. On the other hand,
the RANS models require less
computing time, but certain situations
present problems of lack of precision
[11]. Thus, the RANS models such as
the "Standard ke", "two-equation ke",
"Realizable ke", "Renormalization.