Arithmetic and Set Theory 1

1.

The salary of an individual increases twice in succession, first by x% and then by 2x%. If his final
salary is 15/8 of the original, find x.
(a) 20
(b) 30
(c) 40
(d) None of these

2.

The cost of raw materials increases by 10 % and the labor cost required to process it increases from
15 % to 20 % of the cost of raw materials. Find the approx % reduction that should be brought in the
usage of raw materials so as to have the same bills ?
(a) 15
(b)17
(c) 25
(d) 13

3.

Cost price of 15 oranges is equal to selling price of 9 oranges and the discount on 8 oranges is same
as the profit on 4 oranges. Find the percentage point difference between the profit % and the
discount %.
(a) 25
(b) 35
(c) 50
(d) 12

4.

A trader sells goods to a customer at a profit of k% and uses a weight that weighs 120 grams less per
kg. If he makes an overall profit of 25%, then find k.
(a) 20
(b) 15
(c) 10
(d) 25

5.

A seller has two types of grapes, fresh one with 80% water content and the other dry one with 25%
water. He sells 20 kg dry grapes after adding water to it to the extent of that in the fresh grapes. Find
the profit % he makes if he professes to sell at CP?
(a) 275
(b) 300
(c) 200
(d) 250

6.

A dishonest trader marks up his goods by 80 % and gives a discount of 25%. Besides he gets 20%
more quantity per kg from the wholesaler while purchasing and gives 10 % less to his customers. Find
the overall profit % he is making.
(a) 80
(b) 60
(c) 40
(d) 30

7.

The price of an article reduces to Rs. 576 after two equal successive discounts are applied on a
markup of 80 %. If the cost price is Rs 500 then find the new profit % had the price been further
marked up by same percentages as the discounts were and no further discounts were given.
(a) 259.2
(b) 59.2
(c) 159.2
(d) 29.2

8.

The difference in the compound interests accrued at the end of 1st year and 2nd year and the
difference in interests accrued at the end of the 3rd and the 4th years are in the ratio of 25:36. Find
the annual rate of interest.
(a) 10
(b) 15
(c) 20
(d) 5

9.

In an office the average weight of 24 employees is 60 kg. if some more employees were included
whose average weight was 54 kg, then the minimum possible number of employees in the office now
(given that the new average weight of all the employees is a whole no.) is:
(a) 36
(b) 30
(c) 34
(d) 25

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10.

The ratio of boys to girls in a class is 7:3 and each boy is given a 50 paisa coin while each girl is
given a 75 paisa coin. It was found that the difference in the amounts held by the boys and the girls
was Rs 3.75. Find how many coins should the boys and girls exchange so that the total amount held
by the boys becomes twice the amount held by the girls.
(a) 5
(b) 3
(c) 4
(d) 7

11.

If a/b=1/3,b/c=2,c/d=1/2,d/e=3,e/f=1/4, then what is the value of (abc)/(def)

(a) 3/8
(b) 27/8
(c) 3/4
(d) 27/4
(e) 1/4
Answer questions on the basis of the information given below: An airline has a certain free luggage
allowance and charges for excess luggage at a fixed rate per kg. Two passengers, Raja and Praja
have 60 kg of luggage between them, and are charged Rs. 1,200 and Rs. 2,400 respectively for
excess luggage. Had the entire luggage belonged to one of them, the excess luggage charge would
have been Rs. 5,400.

12.

13.

What is the weight of Praja's luggage?

(a) 20kg
(b) 25 kg
(d) 35 kg
(e) 40 kg

(c) 30 kg

What is the free luggage allowance?

(a) 10 kg
(b) 15 kg
(d) 25 kg
(e) 30 kg

(c) 20 kg

14.

The length, breadth and height of a room are in the ratio 3 : 2 : 1. If the breadth and height are halved
while the length is doubled, then the total area of the four walls of the room will
(a) remain the same
(b) decrease by 13.64%
(c) decrease by 15%
(d) decrease by 18.75%
(e) decrease by 30%

15.

Ten years ago, the ages of the members of a joint family of eight people added up to 231 years. Three
years later, one member died at the age of 60 years and a child was born during the same year. After
another three years, one more member died, again at 60, and a child was born during the same year.
The current average age of this eight-member joint family is nearest to
(a) 23 years
(b) 22 years
(c) 21 years
(d) 25 years
(e) 24 years

16.

The ratio of students in sections A and B of a class is 2:3 whose average marks are 45 and 70
marks respectively. If the average marks of the third section is 60 marks, what can be the average
marks of the three sections combined?
(a) 55
(b) 60
(c) 50
(d) cannot be determined
Mark (1) if Q can be answered from either A alone or B alone but not both.
Mark (2) if Q can be answered from A alone as well as from B alone.
Mark (3) if Q can be answered from A and B together but not from any of them alone.
Mark (4) if Q cannot be answered even from A and B together.

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17.

Thirty per cent of the employees of a call centre are males. Ten per cent of the female employees
have an engineering background. What is the percentage of male employees with engineering
background?
(a) Twenty five per cent of the employees have engineering background.
(b) Number of male employees having an engineering background is 20% more than the number of
female employees having an engineering background.

18.

A dress was initially listed at a price that would have given the store a profit of 20% of the wholesale
cost. What was the wholesale cost of the dress?
(a) After reducing the listed price by 10%, the dress sold for a net profit of Rs. 10.
(b) The dress is sold for Rs. 50.

19.

A set of consecutive positive integers beginning with 1 is written on the blackboard. A student came
along and erased one number. The average of the remaining numbers is 37 (31/37). What was the
number erased?
(a) 37
(b) 27
(c) 50
(d) none of these
A survey of 200 people in a community who watched at least one of the three channels BBC, CNN
and DD showed that 80% of the people watched DD, 22% watched BBC, and 15% watched CNN.

20.

What is the maximum percentage of people who can watch all the three channels?
(a) 12.5%
(b) 8.5%
(c) 15%
(d) Data insufficient

21.

If 5% of people watched DD and CNN, 10% watched DD and BBC, then what percentage of people
watched BBC and CNN only?
(a) 2%
(b) 5%
(c) 8.5%
(d) Cannot be determined

22.

Referring to the previous question, what percentage of people watched all the three channels?
(a) 3.5%
(b) 0%
(c) 8.5%
(d) Cannot be determined

23.

Three classes X, Y and Z take an algebra test.

The average score in class X is 83.
The average score in class Y is 76.
The average score in class Z is 85.
The average score of all students in classes X and Y together is 79.
The average score of all students in classes Y and Z together is 81.
What is the average for all the three classes?
(a) 81
(b) 81.5
(c) 82

24.

(d) 84.5

A man borrows Rs 6000 at 5% interest, on reducing balance, at the start of the year. If he repays Rs
1200 at the end of each year, find the amount of loan outstanding, in Rs. at the beginning of the third
year.
(a) 3162.75
(b) 4125.00
(c) 4155.00
(d) 5100.00
(e) 5355.00

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25.

Gopal sells fruit juice mixture using orange juice and pineapple juice. Gopal prepares this mixture by
drawing out a jug of orange juice from a 10 litre container filled with orange juice, and replacing it with
pineapple juice. If Gopal draws out another jug of the resultant mixture and replaces it with pineapple
juice, the container will have equal volumes of orange juice and pineapple juice. The volume of the
jug, in litres, is
(a) 2
(b) > 2 and 2.5
(c) 2.5
(d) > 2.5 and 3
(e) 3

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Answer Key
1.
6.
11.
16.
21.

d
a
a
b
a

2.
7.
12.
17.
22.

d
c
d
b
d

3.
8.
13.
18.
23.

c
c
b
a
b

4.
9.
14.
19.
24.

c
a
e
c
c

5.
10.
15.
20.
25.

a
c
e
b
b

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