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38 comments |
http://embeddedlab.com/blog/howtomakeacontactlessdigitaltachometerusingirlightreflectiontechnique/
1/13
8/6/2016
HowtomakeacontactlessdigitaltachometerusingIRlightreflectiontechniqueEmbeddedLab
Contact-less digital tachometer using StartUSB for PIC and optical sensors
Theory
The contact with the rotating shaft is avoided with an optical
sensing mechanism that uses an infrared (IR) light emitting diode
and a photo detecting diode. The IR LED transmits an infrared
light towards the rotating disc and the photo detecting diode
receives the reflected light beam. This special arrangement of
sensors is placed at about an inch away and facing towards the
rotating disc. If the surface of the disc is rough and dark, the
reflected IR light will be negligible. A tiny piece of white paper
glued to the rotating disc is just enough to reflect the incident IR
light when it passes in front of the sensor, which happens once
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Rotating disc with a reflector
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2/13
8/6/2016
HowtomakeacontactlessdigitaltachometerusingIRlightreflectiontechniqueEmbeddedLab
complete rotation of the disc. The circuit diagram for the sensor
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http://embeddedlab.com/blog/howtomakeacontactlessdigitaltachometerusingirlightreflectiontechnique/
4/13
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HowtomakeacontactlessdigitaltachometerusingIRlightreflectiontechniqueEmbeddedLab
http://embeddedlab.com/blog/howtomakeacontactlessdigitaltachometerusingirlightreflectiontechnique/
5/13
8/6/2016
HowtomakeacontactlessdigitaltachometerusingIRlightreflectiontechniqueEmbeddedLab
Software
As usual, I used my favorite mikroC compiler from
mikroElektronika for programming the PIC. No external
programmer is required with StartUSB board as the on-board PIC
has pre-programmed with mikroElektronikas fast USB
bootloader. Those who are not familiar with StartUSB for PIC
board, read my previous article Getting started with PIC18F
Microcontrollers. The programming part is not very tough for
this. It involves the initialization of I/O ports and Timer0 control
register. The LCD interfacing part uses mikroCs built-in LCD
library functions, read my article How to interface a character
LCD with PIC if you are new to this.
Download mikroC project files
Once the program is loaded into the microcontroller, reset the
StartUSB board and wait for 5 sec till it comes out of bootloader
mode and starts running the application for your contact-less
tachometer.
Tachometer in action
Conclusion
A digital tachometer based on an infrared light reflection
technique has been demonstrated successfully. Its major
advantage is that it doesnt require any physical contact with the
rotating shaft to measure its speed. This project can be extended
further by adding data logging feature to it. This is required in
certain applications where the RPM of a rotating shaft is needed
to be monitored. The data logger will keep the records of varying
RPM over time, and those records can be later transferred to a PC
through the USB interface.
6/13
8/6/2016
HowtomakeacontactlessdigitaltachometerusingIRlightreflectiontechniqueEmbeddedLab
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38 COMMENTS
tyty123
Hi Guys,
Id like thank you for your info,
Im trying to find some contact less speed detectors for
production line such as pipe production line,
Ill be thankful if provide me solution.
Reply
Sonali jadhav
http://embeddedlab.com/blog/howtomakeacontactlessdigitaltachometerusingirlightreflectiontechnique/
7/13
8/6/2016
HowtomakeacontactlessdigitaltachometerusingIRlightreflectiontechniqueEmbeddedLab
Nice project and i m also working on it.i want future scope and
any advance technoloy for futher research.thank u.
Reply
mahmoud
8/13
8/6/2016
HowtomakeacontactlessdigitaltachometerusingIRlightreflectiontechniqueEmbeddedLab
Ashok kumawat
Sir,
Please tell me about the configuration which u are using in
writing a code.
Reply
Mukesh Pakhare
http://embeddedlab.com/blog/howtomakeacontactlessdigitaltachometerusingirlightreflectiontechnique/
9/13
8/6/2016
HowtomakeacontactlessdigitaltachometerusingIRlightreflectiontechniqueEmbeddedLab
What if i don`t use the StartUSB for pic? do i have to change the
settings in MikroC PRO for Pic?
thank you!
marC:)
Reply
sujit
Sir,
It has been a great contribution from your end. The DigiTach(as I
named it) works just fine and your design has been of great help
to me. It was a fabulous experience working on the same and
preparing its report as well. Keep me posted.
Thanks a ton again,
Sujit
Reply
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imran
10/13
8/6/2016
HowtomakeacontactlessdigitaltachometerusingIRlightreflectiontechniqueEmbeddedLab
Marmok
Hi !
This project is very good.
But the measurement isnt very accurate because if you have lets
say 5 and a half pulses you will get only 300 RPM instead of 330
RPM.
Regards George.
Reply
haziqchi
Hi Guys,
Great project!
I would like to use the code for a weather vane, so I was
wondering if there were any pointers on how to go about
converting the RPM to windspeed ?
Regards
Michael
Reply
R-B
@Michael,
I would say that information could be found from the
specification of the wind sensor. They provide the
characteristic transfer function to convert the frequency of
pulses into wind speed. For example,
http://www.vaisala.com/Vaisala%20Documents/Brochures%20
and%20Datasheets/WM30-Datasheet-B210384EN-B-LoRes.pdf
Reply
chandana
great
http://embeddedlab.com/blog/howtomakeacontactlessdigitaltachometerusingirlightreflectiontechnique/
11/13
8/6/2016
HowtomakeacontactlessdigitaltachometerusingIRlightreflectiontechniqueEmbeddedLab
Reply
Pingback: contact less Infra Red digital tachometer | How Circuits
Anas
I tried this project with 16f887. I used Timer1 and changed the
LCD pins to portD instead of PortC. the results i got is not
accurate!!!? when the number of pulses is more than 220 pulse
per second, the results are unstable and largely changed from
second to second. for values under 220pulse per second, the
accuracy is good. any suggestions? dose the implementation with
18f2550 suffer from similar effect?
Reply
R-B
Anas,
How much do the readings change from second to second,
can you give numbers? Try using a wider reflective portion so
that you will have a longer reflective pulse. Since the RPM is
high, a small timing error could give you inaccurate result. Use
TMR1ON bit for enabling and disabling the timer sharply.
Make sure you are clearing TMR1H and TMR1L registers
before every measurement. You should use both TMR1H and L
registers to obtain the true value of RPM, as TMR1L overflows
after 256 counts.
I dont have anything that fast to test my circuit.
Reply
Nice
It is too helpful for me.
Reply
tReg
http://embeddedlab.com/blog/howtomakeacontactlessdigitaltachometerusingirlightreflectiontechnique/
12/13
8/6/2016
HowtomakeacontactlessdigitaltachometerusingIRlightreflectiontechniqueEmbeddedLab
Do you know if some the pcb can be made simpler (I am very low
on space for this project
)
regards,
treg.
Reply
Pingback: Simple IR Bounce Tachometer - Hack a Day
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