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Time: 1h 45 min
There are fifty questions in this paper.
Answer all questions. Marks will not be deducted for wrong answers.
If the tension in the string is T, the force F
is
A T
C 3.0 T
B 2.5 T
D 5.0 T
Which of the following is the displacementtime (s-t) graph for the car?
As
C s
Q
O
mP
mQ
P
0
Bs
3m
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Booklet 2006 STPM Phy P1 & 2(08).indd 1
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g
mg
B 2
D
x
R
Metal wire
T
Pieces of paper
Load
r0
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Booklet 2006 STPM Phy P1 & 2(08).indd 2
3/7/2008 4:52:22 PM
Stress
0
Strain
Strain
Stress
Stress
X
X
0
0
0
Strain
Strain
V
Y
X
Z
Rod
Q
P
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Booklet 2006 STPM Phy P1 & 2(08).indd 3
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Metal strip
500 F
6.0
12.0 V
X
Y
2.0
6.0
6.0 V
2.0
G
1
G
10 k
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Booklet 2006 STPM Phy P1 & 2(08).indd 4
3/7/2008 4:52:26 PM
In electric field
In magnetic field
Proportional to v
Proportional to v2
Not influenced by v
Not influenced by v
Proportional to v
Not influenced by v
Proportional to v
Proportional to v2
0
f
0
f
+9.0 V
V1
V2
Vo
9.0 V
A
B
C
D
V1
+50 V
150 V
120 V
+195 V
V2
0
0
120 V
+240 V
0
f
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Booklet 2006 STPM Phy P1 & 2(08).indd 5
3/7/2008 4:52:28 PM
A
B
C
D
D
u
hf K
B
h
0
u
K hf
D
h
Unpolarised
light
Distance Distance
Monochromatic
between between slit
light
two slits and screen
Red light
1 mm
2m
Red light
2 mm
1m
Green light
1 mm
2m
Green light
2 mm
1m
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Booklet 2006 STPM Phy P1 & 2(08).indd 6
3/7/2008 4:52:30 PM
K
K
Intensity
min
Wavelength
14
C + 1H
C The nucleons of
13
14
14
14
14
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Booklet 2006 STPM Phy P1 & 2(08).indd 7
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Time: 2h 30 min
Section A [40 marks]
Answer all the questions in this section.
1. (a) Determine the dimension of Young modulus.
[2 marks]
(b) The Young modulus can be determined by propagating a wave of wavelength with
velocity v into a solid material of density . Using dimensional analysis, derive a formula
[3 marks]
for Young modulus.
2. A system consists of an object attached to a spring with spring constant k. The system moves
with simple harmonic motion of amplitude A. Calculate, in terms of k and A, the kinetic energy
A from its equilibrium position.
of the spring at a distance
[4 marks]
4
3. One end of a string of mass 1.45 g and length 50.0 cm is attached to a frequency generator
and the other end to a weight holder which hangs over a fixed pulley. The part of the string
between the generator and the pulley is horizontal. The string is set to vibrate. Several weights
are added until a fundamental frequency of 120 Hz is achieved.
[2 marks]
(a) Describe the motion of the particles in the string.
(b) Calculate the tension in the string when the fundamental frequency is achieved.
[3 marks]
4. When a copper cube of side 2.0 cm is immersed into a perfectly insulated container filled
with 1.0 kg of water at 5 C, the temperature of water rises to 7 C. Assuming no heat loss
[5 marks]
to the surroundings, calculate the original temperature of the cube.
[Density of copper = 8900 kg m3, specific heat capacity of water = 4180 J kg1 K1 and
specific heat capacity of copper = 385 J kg1 K1.]
5. A bird stands on a high voltage transmission wire with its feet 4.00 cm apart. The wire is
made of aluminium with diameter 2.00 cm and carries a current of 100 A.
[3 marks]
(a) Calculate the resistance of the wire between the birds feet.
8
[Resistivity of aluminium = 2.65 10 m.]
[2 marks]
(b) Calculate the potential difference between the birds feet.
6. (a) (i) What is a shunt?
[1 mark]
(ii) State the function of a shunt.
[1 mark]
(b) Describe briefly, with the aid of a circuit diagram, how a shunt can be used in measuring
[4 marks]
a large current by using a galvanometer without damaging it.
7. (a) State the differences between the production of a continuous spectrum and a characteristic
[2 marks]
spectrum of X-rays.
(b) Calculate the shortest wavelength of X-rays emitted by electrons striking the surface of
[2 marks]
a 20 kV television picture tube.
8. (a) Describe the thermonuclear fusion in the Sun.
Majlis Peperiksaan Malaysia 2006
[3 marks]
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Booklet 2006 STPM Phy P1 & 2(08).indd 8
3/7/2008 4:52:31 PM
(b) The intensity of radiation of the Sun on the Earth is 1340 W m2. The mean distance of
the Earth from the Sun is 1.50 1011 m. Calculate the radiation energy of the Sun in a
[3 marks]
year.
[1 year = 3.15 107 s.]
Section B [60 marks]
Answer any four questions in this section.
9. (a) Define the work done on an object and state the work-energy theorem.
[2 marks]
(b) Describe the process in which mechanical energy is converted to thermal energy.
[2 marks]
(c) The diagram below shows a body of mass 5.0 kg placed 1.0 m high on an inclined plane
with base length 3.0 m. The body slides down the inclined plane without friction. Calculate
[3 marks]
the velocity of the body when it reaches the bottom.
1.0 m
3.0 m
(d) If the body slides down the inclined plane in (c) with coefficient of kinetic friction equal
to 0.2, calculate
[3 marks]
(i) the work done against friction,
(ii) the net work done on the body,
[3 marks]
(iii) the velocity of the body when it reaches the bottom.
[2 marks]
10. (a) (i) What is meant by diffraction?
[2 marks]
(ii) Describe how the Huygens principle is used to explain a single slit diffraction
[2 marks]
phenomenon.
(iii) Sketch the variation of the intensity of light across the single slit diffraction pattern
[2 marks]
with diffraction angle.
(b) (i) Using a ray diagram, show that the destructive interference of a single slit diffraction
is given by
m
sin = ,
a
where is the diffraction angle, the wavelength, a the width of the slit and m an
[4 marks]
integer.
(ii) If the diffraction angle is very small, estimate the optical resolution for light of
[3 marks]
wavelength 500 nm. [Assume that the aperture of eyelens is 3.0 mm.]
(iii) Using the equation in (b) (i) with m = 1, explain why an electron microscope resolves
[2 marks]
better than an optical microscope.
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Booklet 2006 STPM Phy P1 & 2(08).indd 9
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11. (a) The diagram below shows an aluminium rod 1.0 m long and 1.0 cm in diameter with
their ends connected to two blocks B and C. Blocks B and C are maintained at 100 C
and 0 C respectively. The side of the rod is perfectly insulated. The system reaches
equilibrium.
Rod
C
[3 marks]
(i) Calculate the rate of heat flow in the rod.
(ii) Calculate the temperature at a point 25 cm from block C.
[2 marks]
(b) If block C is instantaneously replaced by a huge block of ice, calculate the amount of ice
[3 marks]
melt in 10 minutes.
(c) Half of the aluminium rod is then replaced with a brass rod of equal dimensions, with
its free end connected to block C as shown in the diagram below. The system reaches
equilibrium.
Brass
C
Aluminium
0.5 cm
Electron
vo
2.0 cm
(i) Sketch the electric field lines and trajectory of the electron in the field region.
[2 marks]
(ii) Derive an equation to represent the motion of the electron while it is in the field
[5 marks]
region (ignore gravity).
(iii) What path does the equation describe?
[1 mark]
(iv) Determine the initial velocity of the electron.
[2 marks]
Majlis Peperiksaan Malaysia 2006
10
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Booklet 2006 STPM Phy P1 & 2(08).indd 10
3/7/2008 4:52:32 PM
(b) Consider a proton being accelerated from rest through a region of electric potential V1 to
V2. The final speed of the proton is 2.0 106 m s1.
[2 marks]
(i) Describe the energy change in the proton.
(ii) Determine the potential difference between V1 and V2.
[3 marks]
13. (a) (i) Define the stopping potential in photoelectric effect.
[1 mark]
(ii) State four most important results from a photoelectric effect experiment. [4 marks]
(b) The work function for cesium is 2.14 eV.
(i) Calculate the maximum wavelength of light that ejects electrons from a cesium
[3 marks]
target.
(ii) If light of wavelength 452 nm is illuminated on cesium, calculate the maximum kinetic
[2 marks]
energy of photoelectrons.
(c) If this page of this question paper is illuminated by 120 W m2 of light with wavelength
550 nm, calculate
[2 marks]
(i) the power received by an area of 1.0 cm2,
(ii) the number of photons striking each square centimetre per second.
[3 marks]
14. (a) Define the half-life and decay constant of a radioactive substance.
[2 marks]
(b) Naturally occurring radium-226 with atomic number 88 produces the radioactive gas
radon-222 by alpha decay.
[1 mark]
(i) Write an equation for the decay process.
(ii) Calculate the total kinetic energy of the decay products in MeV.
[3 marks]
[Mass of radium = 226.025402 u, mass of radon = 222.017570 u and mass of helium
= 4.002603 u.]
(c) Give three reasons why some radioisotopes are useful for medical diagnoses. [3 marks]
(d) A doctor uses 1.49 g of iodine-131 to treat thyroid disorder. Iodine-131 has half-life of
8.0 days. Calculate
[3 marks]
(i) the number of nuclei initially present,
(ii) the initial activity.
[3 marks]
11
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Booklet 2006 STPM Phy P1 & 2(08).indd 11
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mg = m2r
g
r = 2
PAPER 1
1. D W is unit for power, J s1.
W s1 = J s2
This is not the unit for energy.
2. D s = v dt
T
From t = 0 to , v = at.
2
1
s = at dt = at 2
2
This is a quadratic function starting from zero.
T
From t = to T, v = at + aT.
2
1
s = (at + aT ) dt = at 2 + aTt + C
2
2
T
1
T
1
At t = , s = a = aT 2
2
2
2
8
This is a quadratic function in t with the coefficient
of t 2 being negative. Therefore it is an inverted U.
Option D fits these conditions best.
10. D
4. C Power, P = F v
When maximum speed is reached, force
= air resistance.
P = 2v 2 v = 2v 3
54 103 = 2v 3
v = 30 m s1
c
13. C In a closed pipe, the fundamental frequency f0 = ,
4L
where c is the speed of sound and L is the length of
the pipe. However, for the open pipe, the fundamental
c
frequency f0' =
2L.
f0' = 2f0
1
6. D Kinetic energy of the flywheel = I 2; = 2n
2
1
2
2
2
K.E. = I(2n) = 2 In
2
This amount of work is done by the flywheel against
friction or any other retarding force when it is brought
to a stop.
(PRQR)
= 2
12
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Booklet 2006 STPM Phy P1 & 2(08).indd 12
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15. A Glass is brittle. It obeys Hookes law and in its stressstrain graph there is no plastic region. It breaks when
the elastic limit is exceeded.
volume.
Mass of gas = number of molecules
mass per molecule.
Mass
= number of molecules per unit volume
Volume
mass per molecule.
m
17. B pV = RT
M
m RT
p = T = constant
V M
300
T2 = (1.25)(300)
400
T2 = 500 K = (500 273) = 227 C
A
23. C C =
d
1 2
U = CV
2
A 2
= V
2d
V is constant because the capacitor is connected to
the power supply throughout.
It is assumed that the material in the capacitor
continues to completely fill the space between
the plates as the plates are separated. Hence is
constant.
1
U
d
Since d 2 = 2d1,
U1 d2
= = 2
U2 d1
4G 3 105
dQ
d
= kA
dt
dx
V
l
24. A R = =
I
A
1
Il
Conductivity = =
VA
dQ
At steady state, and k are constant throughout the
dt
rod.
1
d
(A = cross-sectional area of the rod)
dx
A
Ignoring the negative sign and considering magnitudes
only, as A increases, the gradient of the graph
decreases.
From the diagram, as x increases, A increases,
and therefore the gradient of the graph should
decrease.
B is the only graph that shows a continuously
decreasing magnitude of its gradient.
= 2
(V2)0.4 T1
V1 (T2)2.5 (681 + 273)2.5
=
= = 18
V2 (T1)2.5 (27 + 273)2.5
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Booklet 2006 STPM Phy P1 & 2(08).indd 13
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37. C
nt =
(t = minimum thickness)
4
565 nm
t = = = 102 nm
4n 4 1.38
C. x is bigger for C.
Based on these comparisons, option A has the largest
value of x.
40. B Einsteins equation for the photoelectric effect is
hf = K + hf0 (f0 = threshold frequency)
hf K
f0 =
h
nh P
= .
c
Force = change of momentum per second.
If we assume that each photon that strikes the surface
stops and does not bounce back, the change of
h
momentum per photon = .
nh P
Total change of momentum per second, F = = .
c
1
1
1
35. C The lens formula is + = .
u
v
f
Multiplying throughout by u,
u
u
1+=
v
f
u = u
1
v
f
u
Thus the graph of against u is a straight line with a
v
u
negative intercept on the axis.
v
Option C is the best answer.
14
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Booklet 2006 STPM Phy P1 & 2(08).indd 14
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[Y ] = [kxv yz ]
ML1T2 = Lx(LT1)y(ML3)z
= Lx+y 3z Ty Mz
Equating indices of M:
z =1
T:
y =2
L: x + y 3z = 1
x = 1 + 3(1) 2 = 0
Hence, Y = kv 2
m
2
2. Period, T = = 2
k
k
2
=
m
Velocity, v = A2 x 2
A
1
1
A2
When x = , kinetic energy = mv 2 = m 2 A2
4
2
2
16
15 2
1
k 15A2
= m = kA
2 m 16
32
l (2.65 108)(0.0400)
5. (a) Resistance, R = =
(0.0100)2
A
= 3.37 106
(b) V = IR = (100)(3.37 106)
= 3.37 104 V
6. (a)
PAPER 2 Section A
stress
F/A
1. (a) Young modulus, Y = =
strain
e/l
F/A
Dimension of Y =
e/l
MLT2 / L2
=
L/L
= ML1T2
(b)
R1
IG
G
R
IS
15
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Booklet 2006 STPM Phy P1 & 2(08).indd 15
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(d)
mg sin
3.0 m
mg
1.0 m
mg cos
Length of incline = 12 + 32 = 10 m
(i) Friction = R = mg cos
Work done against friction
= (mg cos )( 10 )
3.0
= (0.2)(5.0)(9.81) 10
10
= 29.4 J
(ii) Net work done = net force displacement
= (mg sin mg cos ) 10
1.0
= (5.0)(9.81)
10
3.0
(0.2)(5.0)(9.81) ( 10 )
10
= 19.6 J
(iii) Gain in kinetic energy = net work done
1
mv 2 = 19.6 J
2
2 19.6
v = = 2.80 m s1
5.0
10. (a)
Section B
9. (a) Work done = F.s
F = force on the object,
and s = displacement of the object.
Work-energy theorem: Work done on an object
= increase in the mechanical energy of the object.
(b) Example: When an object travels on a rough
surface, the decrease in the kinetic energy equals
the increase in the random kinetic energy of the
atoms or heat in the object.
(c) Gain in kinetic energy = loss in potential energy
1
mv 2 = mgh
2
Velocity, v = 2gh
=
(b) (i)
0 Diffraction angle,
2m
B
P, m th minimum
C
Slit
2(9.81)(1.0)
= 4.43 m s1
16
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Booklet 2006 STPM Phy P1 & 2(08).indd 16
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Path
dQ
(i) Rate of heat flow,
dt
d
100 0
= kA = (205)(0.005)2
dx
1.0
= 1.61 W
(ii) Temperature gradient = 100 C m1
Temperature 25 cm from C or 75 cm from B
= 100 + (100 0.75) = 25 C
(b) Heat transferred in 10 minutes,
Q = (1.61)(10 60) = 966 J
Q
966
Mass of ice melted = =
L 3.34 105
= 2.89 103 kg
(c) (i) Let = temperature at the junction.
1
Temperature gradient
k
100
1
For aluminium, (1)
0.50
205
0
1
(2)
For brass,
0.50
109
(1) 100 109
, =
(2)
205
= 65.3 oC
dQ
d
(ii) Rate of heat flow, = kA
dt
dx
2 100 65.3
= (205)(0.005) = 1.12 W
0.50
(d) Rate of heat flow in copper rod
= rate of heat flow in aluminium rod
11. (a)
100 0
100 0
(385)(0.005)2 = (205)(0.005)2
x
1.0
385
Length of copper rod, x = 1.0 = 1.88 m
205
(b)
13. (a)
17
= 2.71 106 m s1
(i) Kinetic energy increases, electric potential
energy decreases.
Gain in kinetic energy
= loss in electric potential energy
(ii) Loss in electric potential energy
= gain in kinetic energy
1
e(V1 V2) = mv 2
2
mv 2
(V1 V2) =
2e
(1.67 1027)(2.0 106)2
=
= 2.09 104 V
2(1.60 1019)
(i) Stopping potential: Minimum reverse potential
that is required to stop all photoelectrons from
reaching the anode.
(ii) Existence of threshold frequency, which is the
minimum frequency of the electromagnetic
radiation that would eject photoelectrons
from a metal, or the existence of work
function which is the minimum energy
required for a photoelectron to escape from
a metal surface.
Instantaneous emission of photoelectrons.
Photoelectric current increases when the
intensity of electromagnetic radiation
increases.
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Booklet 2006 STPM Phy P1 & 2(08).indd 17
3/7/2008 4:52:36 PM
(b)
(i)
(ii)
(c)
(i)
(ii)
(0.0120)(550 109)
N =
(6.63 1034)(3.00 108)
= 3.32 1016 photons s1
(b) (i)
Ra
222
86
Rn + 2He
(d) (i)
14. (a) Half-life: Time taken for half the number of radioactive
atoms in a sample to decay, or the time taken for
the number of radioactive atoms in a sample to
decay to half of its initial number.
rate of decay of a
dN
radioactive sample
dt
Decay constant = =
number of radioactive
N
atoms in the sample
226
88
= 6.87 109 Bq
18
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Booklet 2006 STPM Phy P1 & 2(08).indd 18
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