Unit 10

Having fun
Contents:
Language structures & functions

p. 46

Vocabulary

p. 48

Unit 10.1

p. 50

Consolidation

p. 55

Unit 10.2

p. 57

Consolidation

p. 62

Transcripts

p. 64
45

Bimester
Bimester
11

Unit
Unit

1
10

Language structures

Second conditional
If clause
If I had lots of money
If she liked the hot weather
Main clause
I would travel the world
She would go to the Caribbean

main clause
I would travel the world.
she would go on holiday to the Caribbean.
if clause
if I were rich.
if she liked the hot weather.

We use second conditional to talk about imagined situations.

If I had her number, I would call her.
(= I dont have her number so I cant call her).
We use past simple in the if clause, and we use would/wouldnt in the main clause.
If he studied harder, he would pass the exam.
Would is often shortened to d.
If I lived near the sea, Id go swimming every day.
We can put the if clause or the main clause first in the sentence. When the if clause comes first,
we use a comma.
If she had more time, she would take art lessons.
She would take art lessons if she had more time.
We can also use could or might in the main clause instead of would if the result is not definite.
If you asked him for help, he might give you some money.

If I were you
We often use were instead of was in the if clause.
If I were a millionaire, Id give most of my money to charity.
We can use If I were you to give advice.
If I were you, Id tell the truth.
(=you should tell the truth).

Second conditional questions

We can make yes / no questions in the second conditional by changing the order of the modal
verb and the subject in the main clause.
If someone offered you a job abroad, you would leave the country for good.
If someone offered you a job abroad, would you leave the country for good?
We can make open questions in the second conditional by using a question word in the main
clause. The modal verb comes before the subject.
If you went to a desert island, what would you take with you?
If you could be invisible for an hour, where would you go?

46

Language structures & functions

& functions
We can put the if clause or the main clause first in the question. When the if clause comes
first, we use a comma.
If you could travel back in time, what famous person would you like to meet?
What famous person would you like to meet if you could travel back in time?

Modal passives
There are nine common modal verbs in English:
can
could
will
would
shall (used in question forms usually)
should
might
may
must
The basic pattern we can use for passive modals is:
modal + be + past participle
modal

be

past participle

can

be

bought

online

Bed sheets

must

be

collected

on arrival

Dogs

should

be

kept

on a lead

Tickets

Passive modals are quite formal and are often used on signs and official notices.
Complete the following notices using modal passive forms.
1 Mobile phones
2 Personal belongings
3 Photographs
4 Written permission from parents
school activities.

(must not / use) in the auditorium.

(should / leave) outside the exam room.
(may / take) as long as the flash is not used.
(must / submit) for all external

Language structures & functions

47

Vocabulary
Holidays

British pronunciation

beach

/bit/

camping

/km.p/

climbing

/klaim/

coral reef

/kr.l/ /rif/

diving

/da.v/

explore

/ksplr/

going on a safari
hiking

phr
n

/./ /n/ // /sf.ri/

/ha.k/

less crowded

phr

/les/ /kra.dd/

marine park

/mrin/ /pk/

mountain

natural scenery

48

Part of speech

phr

/man.tn/
/nt.r.l/ /si.nr.i/
/f/ /ars/

off-hours

off-season

adj, n

/f/ /si.zn/

rainforest

/ren.fr.st/

sailing

/se.l/

sightseeing

/satsi./

skiing

/ski./

snorkelling

/sn.kl./

sunbathing

/sn.bei/

swimming

/swmi/

tourism

/t.r.zm/

watching wild animals

phr

World Heritage Sites

Vocabulary

/wti/ /wald/ /n..mls/

/wld/ /her..td/ /sats/

Having fun

Part of speech

British pronunciation

adventure

/dven.tr/

audience

/dins/

auditorium

/.dt.ri.m/

cinema

/sn..m/

classical

adj

/kls..kl/

/km..di/

comedy
drink
enjoy

n/v
v

/drk/
/nd/

film

n/v

/flm/

food

/fud/

hostel

/hs.tl/

hosteller

(hstl/

hotel

/hotel/

journey

/d.ni/

laugh

/lf/

n / adj

/mju.z.kl/

n/v

/f.t.rf/

pop music

/pp mju.zk/

romantic

adj

/rmn.tk/

screening

/skri.n/

seaside

/si.sad/

thriller

/rl.r/

ticket

/tk.t/

musical
photograph

tour

n/v

/tr/

/t.rst/

travel

/trv.l/

vacation

/veke.n/

tourist

Vocabulary

49

Unit

Having
fun
10.1
Vocabulary: holidays
1

Classify the activities in the box according to the places you would do them at. Some may
go in more than one column.
diving sightseeing

watching wild animals

watching natural scenery

mountains

sea

sunbathing

snorkelling
sailing

climbing
swimming

city

skiing

hiking

camping
rainforest

If you dont know the answer to a

question, make a guess because it
might be correct.
Never leave a question blank on your
answer sheet.

Exam practice: Listening Part 4

U10
Track 4

2 You will hear a conversation between a boy, Matthew, and a girl, Olivia, about a place they

would choose to go on holiday. Decide if each sentence is correct (A) or incorrect (B).
A: YES
1
2
3
4
5

Matthew would like to go to a special place in the Caribbean.

He thinks he could learn to swim there.
He would like to see a coral reef.
Olivia likes snorkelling, diving, and swimming too.
She wouldnt mind getting vaccinated to go to Africa.

6 She would like to learn a specific language before travelling.

50

B: NO

Language structures & functions: second conditional

3

Underline the verbs in these sentences from the conversation.

1 Where would you go if you won a holiday?
2 If I went there, I would surely go snorkelling.
3 You would have to get lots of vaccines if you travelled to Africa.
4 If I knew about the trip some months ahead, I would even learn Swahili.
5 If we won that wonderful holiday, we wouldnt go together.

Complete the rules.

1 We use the

conditional to express unlikely imaginary situations.

2 The verb in the if clause is in the

tense.

3 The verb structure in the clause that expresses the consequence or result is
+ a verb in the
4 The if clause can come

form.
or after the consequence clause.

Language booster
If I were you
We often use if I were you, to give advice.
If I were you, Id find out now about the visa.

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
1 If I
(visit) China.

(have) the money to travel anywhere I wanted, I

2 I

(try) surfing if I

3 I

(visit) the pyramids in Egypt if I

4 If I
5

(be) you, I

you
(win) the lottery?

(have) the chance to go to Australia.

(earn) more money!

(spend) my holidays in Italy.

(travel) around the world if you

51

Would you like to visit any of the countries mentioned in the sentences
above for a holiday? If not, what place would you like to go to? Why?

Exam practice: Reading Part 4

7

Read the text and questions below. For each question, circle the correct letter, A, B, C, or D.

Tourism:
good or bad?
by Anne Johnson

Is tourism destroying the environment? I think it is.

I have travelled to many places, some of them are

considered to be World Heritage Sites by UNESCO and
the big problem is that too many tourists have a bad
impact on the environment.
Even though tourism is good because it makes people learn about different societies and cultures, it also
has a negative impact. There is more noise, air, and water pollution. Tourists create more litter. Also more
and more hotels are built with no consideration for the surrounding environment. Tourism can destroy
wildlife and the ecosystem of a place.
I think that we should limit the number of tourists per season to World Heritage Sites because these are
the places that attract more tourists. We should also stop littering.
I suggest taking fewer trips and making them longer because its better for the environment and the
region you are visiting. We should also take time to study the history, culture, and even a bit of the
language of the country, and respect its laws and customs. Try to travel off-season, when places are less
crowded, visit the most popular sites off-hours, and explore places that are not so well known. Ecotourism
is a good way to protect the environment. It helps promote the conservation of wildlife and natural
resources such as rainforests. It also generates funds to maintain animal reserves and marine parks.
Whatever way we decide to travel, as tourists we should respect the places we visit and act responsibly
or we will ruin the sites we love the most.

52

1 What is the main idea that Anne wants to convey?

A The negative effects of tourism on the environment.
B The positive aspects of tourism.
C The responsible way of travelling.
D The importance of the World Heritage Sites.
2 She suggests
A controlling the number of visitors to specific places.
B allowing only one specific time of the year to visit certain places.
C visiting World Heritage Sites for a longer period of time.
D taking shorter trips.
3 We should also
A visit only the most popular sites.
B go sightseeing at times of the day when there are less people visiting the sites.
C travel during high season.
D avoid less known places.
4 One of the benefits of ecotourism is that
A we can appreciate natural resources and wildlife.
B it helps sustain animal reserves and protected water areas.
C we can see a wide variety of animals.
D it promotes travelling.
8

Which email would Anne send to her friend?

A I'm having a great time in Mexico City. This morning I visited the National Museum of
Anthropology. It was really interesting but I had to queue for an hour to get into the
Mayan room. On Sundays the museum is very crowded.
B Im enjoying my stay in Rome. The weather is a bit cold as it is autumn now, but I enjoy
walking around the city because there arent many tourists at this time of the year. Im
staying here for ten days. I want to have enough time to get to know the city and its
people. No rushing!
C Yesterday I arrived in Beijing. This city is amazing. I dont think Ill have much time to visit
many places here because tomorrow Im leaving for Tokyo, where Ill stay for two nights,
and then Ill rush to Kyoto, a beautiful Japanese city full of old temples.
D Here I am in Madrid, at last! The city is beautiful, but not many people speak English, so its
not easy to make myself understood at restaurants and on the street. I think I shouldve
learnt a little Spanish before making this trip.

53

 If you dont know the correct answer,

start by dismissing answers that you
know are wrong. Then read the text
again.

Speaking
9

Imagine Anne Johnson wanted to visit Mexico to do some ecotourism. What places would
you recommend to her? Consider the following aspects:

The time of year when there are fewer tourists.

Some places where she would be able to see wildlie and a natural environment, and places
where she would be in contact with local communities to learn about their culture and way
of life.

54

Consolidation
Language practice
Label the pictures with the names of the places in the box.
Japan

India

Morocco

Tahiti

Unit 1

China

Arab Emirates

Make sentences in the second conditional with the prompts given. Use would, could and might.
0 work National Geographic / travel the world

If I worked for National Geographic, I could travel the world.

1 go to China / take pictures of the Great Wall and the Terracotta Army.

2 know more about Japanese culture / visit temples and learn about samurai
warriors.

3 travel to India / admire the Tahj Mahal.

4 go diving in Tahiti or Fiji / tour around the South Pacific Islands.

5 fly to the Arab Emirates / stay in Dubai.

6 ride a camel / be in Morocco.

But Im still a high school student daydreaming on my way to school!

55

Exam practice: Reading Part 1

3 Look at the text in each question. What does it say? Circle the correct letter A, B, or C.

No flight announcements.
Check arrival and departure times
on the flight information screens.

Stephen,
Ive already bought the flight tickets for
Tuesday, 3:00 pm.
Well be arriving in Paris at 4:50 pm.
Can you book a hotel on the Internet?
Julia

Passengers should/must

Julia wants Sthepen to

A Passengers should check departure

times on their flight tickets.

A book the flight tickets.

B find and reserve accommodation.

B Passengers must read the screens

because they will not hear any
information about their flights.

C meet her in Paris at 4:50 pm.

C Passengers should listen to the flight

information.

Ken,
Stan texted me to say theres just one
place available for the camping trip. If
you want to go, tell Stan now because
other people may want to go too.

YOU MUSTNT LEAVE YOUR

LUGGAGE UNATTENDED

Jim
What should Ken do?

What should you do?

A Tell Jim how many people are going to

the camping trip.

A You must ask someone to keep your

luggage.

B Call Stan to book a place.

B You must not forget your luggage

when you leave.

C Reserve places for other people.

C You have to keep your luggage with

you at all times.

56

Unit

10.2

What does the future hold?

Exam practice: Reading Part 2

1

The people below all want to watch a film on TV. On

the following page there are reviews of eight films.
Decide which film would be the most suitable for the
following people.

Bobs hobby is reading

and he enjoys watching
films on TV whose stories
are taken from novels. His
favorite books are those
by classical authors. He
reads books about cinema
too, and likes watching
famous actors.

2 Martin loves watching

thrillers. He prefers
adventures which
happened to people in real
life, as he is interested in
the lives of others.

4 Rita loves listening

to pop music and
reading magazines
about it. She doesnt
mind what sort of
film she sees, as long
as it is a new one
about pop stars or
their music.

Dont choose an answer just because

it contains the same words as the
question. Read the texts carefully to
check that the meaning is correct.

3 Fiona likes to watch old

films on TV. She prefers
comedies, particularly
those with famous
actors. She is not keen
on thrillers or musicals.

5 Lucia likes to relax

by watching late
romantic films
on TV, especially
if they make
her laugh. She
particularly likes
those which have
some music in
them.

57

This weeks TV film reviews

A On the road

C Crazy about music

E A memorable vacation

G Journey into space

This is about a journey

across Europe in the
1970s. A group of friends
travel across Europe in an
old van, but nothing really
exciting happens to them
and it isnt actually very
funny. Its a weak comedy
film with a lot of singing.
The actors are not very
famous but some of them
are really good singers.

This film came out last

month, and all young
people are queuing to see
it. There will be a whole
generation of fans watching
because the music of this
group, Up in the Clouds,
is everyones favorite at
the moment.

This is an old-fashioned
funny film still as good as
it was 25 years ago when
it was first released. The
main actors, who were
already famous when it was
made, continued making
films together later on. The
story takes place in a very
unusual hotel at the seaside
where the guests have all
kinds of hilarious problems.

This film about adventures

in space is not supposed
to be funny, but it makes
you laugh sometimes.
Although this is one of
several very similar films
made recently, it is one
of the best ones, as it
certainly holds your
attention.

B Love is in the air

This follows the usual love
storyboy meets girl, they
fall in love and sing songs
about it. Its an enjoyable
film, and although theres
nothing special about the
singing, it has its amusing
parts. It comes to TV
screens quite soon, as it
was filmed only a year ago.

58

D The castle in the woods

Although the main roles are
all played by well known
stars, the dialogue becomes
boring and seems slow
compared to modern films.
However, people who like
Elizabeth Blakes writing
will enjoy it because it is
beautifully filmed, and the
story keeps perfectly to the
novel written more than two
hundred years ago.

F In the wild
Photographer Nancy
Miller planned to work in
a dangerous part of the
world for two months. This
adventure film tells how she
escaped from the people
who held her prisoner for
over a year. It is difficult
to believe that this actually
happened to someone who
is still alive.

H A different story
This film manages to
show some serious
problems of a family in
modern Britain without
depressing the audience.
If you have not read Hillary
Kinsleys book of the same
name yet, youll be pleased
to watch this excellent film.
And you will still enjoy the
film if you have already
read it. There is some
excellent acting from some
completely unknown actors.

Vocabulary: films
2

Match the phrases from the reviews to those with similar meanings in the peoples descriptions.
1 musical

A well known stars

2 romantic film

B film made in the past

3 thriller

C adventure film

4 old-fashioned film

D love story

5 famous actors

E this actually happened

6 comedy film

F film with singing

7 in real life

G funny film

Language structures & functions: modal passives

3

Match the cinema information with the explanations.

1 You can buy your tickets online.
2 You should silence your cell phone during the movie.
3 You mustnt bring food or drinks purchased outside the cinema complex into
the auditorium.

59

IN-HOUSE CINEMA REGULATIONS

A Your cell phone should be silenced during the movie.
B Tickets can be bought online.
C Food or drinks purchased outside the cinema complex must
not be brought into the auditorium.

1 ___

2 ____ 3 ____

Choose the correct words to complete the rules.

1 We form the modal passive with a modal verb + be + infinitive / past participle.
2 We often use the modal passive for official / informal notices.

Write these other in-house rules for cinema audiences.

1 Tickets / must / not use / to watch more than one film / .

2 Tickets / must / keep / until the end of the screening / .
3 Photos / must / not take / without the consent of the cinema / .
4 3D glasses / can / obtain / at the entrance to the auditorium / .
5 Age restrictions / must / observe / .
6 Infants / should / not take / to the screenings because of the
loud noise / .

60

Speaking

You and your partner want to watch a film from the film review page in Activity 1. Decide
which film to watch.

Writing
7

Write about a film you have seen. Include the following things:
What the film is about
Who the actors are
Why you liked / disliked it.

61

Consolidation
Language practice
1

Circle the odd word out.

1 tickets

screenings

hostellers

auditorium

2 musical

lock

thriller

comedy

3 audience

bed sheets

dormitories

pillows

Look at the information from a Youth Hostel website. For questions 1 7 complete
the second sentence so that it means the same as the first one.
0 American Youth Hostels may be used by school pupils, university students, or
teachers who are touring the USA.
If you are a school pupil, a university student, or a teacher you
the American Youth Hostels while touring the USA.

may use

1 No more than three consecutive nights may be spent at one hostel, except when free
places are available.
You
more than three consecutive nights at one hostel, except
when free places are available.
2 Bed sheets and pillow covers must be collected on arrival at the hostel.
You

your bed sheets and pillow covers on arrival at the hostel.

3 Lights must be turned off and silence must be kept at the hostel from 10 p.m. to
6.00 a.m.
Hostellers
10 p.m. to 6 a.m.

the lights and

4 Food or drinks must not be taken into the dormitories.

You

62

take food or drinks into the dormitories.

silence from

5 Cell phones should be kept at low volume while in the hostel.

You

your cell phone at low volume while in the hostel.

6 All your belongings should be secured in the lockers using your own lock.
You

all your belongings in the lockers using your own lock.

7 Individual tourists and groups of less than five may be admitted directly at the hostel.
The hostel
at the hostel.

individual tourists and groups of less than five directly

Exam practice: Writing Part 2

3

You and your friend Neil are going to the cinema next Saturday. Write an email to Neil.
In your email you should:

suggest a film to watch

explain how you will both get to the cinema
ask Neil to buy the tickets online
suggest what to do after the cinema.

Write 35 45 words

63

Transcripts
Track 4, Activity 2
Girl: Imagine you won a holiday to go anywhere in the
world. Where would you go?
Boy: Hmm let me think. I would probably go to a
Caribbean island.
Girl: Any island in particular?
Boy: No, not really. Ive seen beautiful pictures of many
places in that area and they all look great. I love
the sea, and the beaches there are wonderful. It
would be a great opportunity to practise water
sports. Im a good swimmer and I could learn to
dive while staying there. It would be awesome to go
snorkelling and diving. If I went there I would surely
go snorkelling near a coral reef to watch all those
colourful fish that live there.
Girl: Wouldnt it be dangerous?
Boy: No, I dont think so. I heard there are boat tours
that take lots of tourists to explore the area.
Girl: What else would you do?
Boy: Id probably just relax on the beach and get a
suntan!
Girl: Im not very keen on water sports so that place
wouldnt be my first option.
Boy: Where would you go if you won a holiday?

64

Girl: I can answer that right away. Ive always wanted

to visit Africa. I would go to Kenya. Ive looked at
some brochures and websites and it seems to be an
amazing place.
Boy: If you went there, what activities would you do?
Girl: I would go on a safari and visit villages to know
peoples way of life.
Boy: You would have to get lots of vaccines if you
travelled to Africa.
Girl: I know, and I hate needles, but the trip would be
worth it. If I knew about the trip some months
ahead I would even learn Swahili.
Boy: It wouldnt be necessary. English is one of the
official languages there.
Girl: I know, but I would like to speak to local people in
their ancestors language.
Boy: I see youd really love going there. Im not
especially attracted to Africa, although I agree
with you about going on a safari. It would be an
incredible experience.
Girl: Well, I guess that if we won that wonderful holiday,
we wouldnt go together.
Boy: No, I guess we wouldnt! But we would certainly
exchange many pictures!