Further Programming Concepts in C++TP016028

UC2F1007CSE

Contents
Introduction................................................................................................................ 2
Class Diagram............................................................................................................ 3
Use Case Diagram...................................................................................................... 4
Activity Diagram......................................................................................................... 5
Sequence Diagram..................................................................................................... 6
Object-Oriented Concepts.......................................................................................... 7
Classes.................................................................................................................... 7
Employee Parent Class......................................................................................... 7
Admin Child Class of Employee............................................................................8
HR Child Class of Employee................................................................................. 8
Objects.................................................................................................................... 9
In Login() function................................................................................................ 9
In displaySearch() function...................................................................................9
Encapsulation........................................................................................................ 10
Constructors.......................................................................................................... 11
Employee Class Constructor............................................................................... 11
Admin Class Constructor.................................................................................... 11
HR Class Constructor.......................................................................................... 11
Inheritance............................................................................................................ 12
Polymorphism........................................................................................................ 12
Overriding.......................................................................................................... 12
Overloading........................................................................................................ 14
Validation.................................................................................................................. 15
Gender field validation.......................................................................................... 15
Simple choices validation...................................................................................... 15
Validate Designation Entry.................................................................................... 15
Validate Department Entry.................................................................................... 16
Validate IC field..................................................................................................... 16
Validate Date fields............................................................................................... 17
Validate search select........................................................................................... 17
Test Plan................................................................................................................... 18
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Validation.............................................................................................................. 18
System Reliability.................................................................................................. 21
Program sample outputs.......................................................................................... 22
Login screen.......................................................................................................... 22
Admin Menu.......................................................................................................... 22
HR Menu................................................................................................................ 23
Normal staff Menu................................................................................................. 23
View Details........................................................................................................... 24
Register new account............................................................................................ 24
Edit account.......................................................................................................... 26
Search Prompt....................................................................................................... 26
Search Result........................................................................................................ 27
Additional Features................................................................................................... 28
Add Designation and specify designations access outside program....................28
Add Departments outside program.......................................................................28
Multi Field Search.................................................................................................. 28
Conclusion................................................................................................................ 29
References................................................................................................................ 30

Further Programming Concepts in C++TP016028

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Introduction
Throughout the project creation period it took me 4 phases of routine in order to complete
the assignment. The first phase that I dived into head first is the learning phase where I read
books, learned the syntaxes and understood how object oriented programming concepts, this
phase took the longest period. The second phase is the project design phase, in this phase I
created the designs of the screen outputs and the flow of the program. The third phases is the
programming phase this is where I put in the logics for the solutions, object oriented
programming concepts and validations to the project solution. The last phase is the testing phase,
in the testing phase I used the program, tested its inputs and output and also add in some last
minutes logic correction and design correction.
This assignment was a success for one reason is due to the modules combined lecturers
guidance their help in showing us how object oriented programming concepts can be used to
solve problems allowed us to apply the OOP concepts that made the programming task more
easier, other than that I was also able to learn and understand the syntax and features of C++
faster because of the lectures and lab session conducted. The library was also a big help although
most of the time the book needed is not available and the borrowing period of the book is too
short still it was able to provide me with some reasonable books while waiting for the book that I
needed.

Further Programming Concepts in C++TP016028

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Class Diagram

Further Programming Concepts in C++TP016028

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Use Case Diagram

Further Programming Concepts in C++TP016028

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Further Programming Concepts in C++TP016028

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Activity Diagram

Further Programming Concepts in C++TP016028

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Sequence Diagram

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Object-Oriented Concepts
Classes
Employee Parent Class
class Employee{
friend ostream& operator<< (ostream&,Employee);
protected :
string empID;
string name;
string IC;
string gender;
string designation;
string department;
string dateJoined, DOB;
string nationality;
string religion;
string maritialStatus;
public :
Employee(void);
Employee(int);
Employee(string,string,string,string,string,string,string,string,string,string
,string);
virtual bool guiInput(); //to input all data, used during registration
of new employee
virtual bool guiInputHR();
virtual bool guiMenu();
virtual bool guiDetail();
virtual bool guiDetailA();
virtual bool guiDetailHR();
virtual bool guiEdit();
virtual bool guiEditA();
virtual bool guiEditHR();
bool write2File(); //writes the edited employee details
bool Delete(); //deletes the employee from file
//setter and getter
string getEmpID();
string getName();
string getIC();
string getGender();
string getDesignation();
string getDepartment();
string getDateJoined();
string getDOB();
string getNationality();
string getReligion();
string getMaritialStatus();
};

The parent class where its fields can be inherited and the methods are publicly available for use

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Admin Child Class of Employee

class Admin:public Employee
{
public :
Admin(void);
bool guiMenu();
bool searchEmp();
};

The HR class which inherits all the fields and method from the Parent Employee class but
overwrites the method called guiMenu() and has an extra new method called searchEmp()

HR Child Class of Employee

class HR:public Employee
{
public:
HR(void);
bool guiMenu();
bool searchEmp();
};

The HR class which inherits all the fields and method from the Parent Employee class but
overwrites the method called guiMenu() and has an extra new method called searchEmp()

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Objects
In Login() function

-Retriving An Admin object from file

if(empID.substr(0,1).compare("A") == 0){
Admin loged = retriveAdm(convertID(empID));
if(loged.getEmpID().compare(empID) != 0){
cout<<"\nPlease enter the correct \"Employee
ID\""<<endl;
getch();
continue;
}
if(!checkPass(convertID(empID),pass)){
cout<<"\nPlease enter the correct \"Password\""<<endl;
getch();
continue;
}
//run Admin object
loged.guiMenu();
}

This function retrives an Admin object from the binary file according to the employee ID and
then executes the Admin objects guiMenu() method.

In displaySearch() function

-in displaying employee list from search results

int displaySearch(Employee *a, int n)
{
int i = 0,j = 0;
cout<<"Choice
EmpID
IC
Name"<<endl;
for(i = 0; i < n ;i++){
++j;
if(j<10)cout<<"'"<<j<<"'
- "<<a[i]<<endl;
else if(j<100)cout<<"'"<<j<<"' - "<<a[i]<<endl;
else if(j<1000)cout<<"'"<<j<<"' - "<<a[i]<<endl;
else cout<<"'"<<j<<"'- "<<a[i]<<endl;
}
return i;
}

This function get a list of search hits from the file as an array of Employee objects then displays
the employee objects details.

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Encapsulation
Display of employee details
ostream& operator<< (ostream& out, Employee a){
out<<a.empID<<" "<<a.IC<<" "<<a.name;
return out;
}

This method encapsulates data as the functions using this method does not need to bother or
handle the infromation being displayed or the format in which it will display, all the function
need to know is that the method returns a string value.

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Constructors
Employee Class Constructor
Employee::Employee(void){

empID = "-";
name = "-";
IC = "-";
gender = "-";
designation = "-";
department = "-";
dateJoined = "-";
DOB = "-";
nationality = "-";
religion = "-";
maritialStatus = "-";

The constructor for the parent class Employee that takes in no values.

Admin Class Constructor

Admin::Admin(void):Employee()
{}

Since the Admin has no new fields all the fields that it has is from the parent Employee class
which already has its own constuctor, therefor the Admin class constructor just needs to call one
of the parent class constructor, where in this example its the Employee() constructor.

HR Class Constructor
HR::HR(void):Employee()
{}

Since the HR has no new fields all the fields that it has is from the parent Employee class which
already has its own constuctor, therefor the HR class constructor just needs to call one of the
parent class constructor, where in this example its the Employee() constructor.

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Inheritance
class Employee
class Admin:public Employee
class HR:public Employee

From the example above we can see that the class Admin and HR inherits the Employee class
and since the the fields are set under the access modifier of protected and the method are under
the the access modifier of public the two child classes has every field and method in them.

Polymorphism
Overriding

-in guiMenu() of Employee Class and Admin Class

In Employee class:
bool Employee::guiMenu()
{
system("cls");
return guiDetail();
}

In Admin class:
bool Admin::guiMenu(){
char choice;
bool loopmenu = true;
do{
system("cls");
cout<<endl;
cout<<setw(35)<<"-----------------"<<endl;
cout<<setw(35)<<"# ADMINISTRATOR #"<<endl;
cout<<setw(35)<<"-----------------"<<endl;
cout<<endl;
cout<<"'1' cout<<"'2' cout<<"'3' cout<<"'4' cin>>choice;
cin.clear();
cin.sync();

My Account"<<endl;
Register New Employee"<<endl;
Search"<<endl;
Settings"<<endl;

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if (choice == '1')
{
guiDetailA();
}
else if (choice == '2')
{
Employee input;
input.guiInput();
}
else if (choice == '3')
{
searchEmp();
}
else if (choice == '4');
else if (choice == 'x' || choice == 'X') loopmenu = false;
else
{
printf("\a");
cout<<"please choose either 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 or 'X'"<<endl;
getche();
}
}while (loopmenu);
return true;

The since the Employee class methods are inherited into Admin class the guiMenu() method of
Employee class is overridden with the guiMenu() method in the Admin class.

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Overloading

-for Employee class constructors

Employee::Employee(void){
empID = "-";
name = "-";
IC = "-";
gender = "-";
designation = "-";
department = "-";
dateJoined = "-";
DOB = "-";
nationality = "-";
religion = "-";
maritialStatus = "-";
}
Employee::Employee(string empID1, string name1, string IC1, string gender1,
string designation1, string department1, string dateJoined1, string DOB1,
string nationality1, string religion1, string maritialStatus1){

empID = empID1;
name = name1;
IC = IC1;
gender = gender1;
designation = designation1;
department = department1;
dateJoined = dateJoined1;
DOB = DOB1;
nationality = nationality1;
religion = religion1;
maritialStatus = maritialStatus1;

From the example above we can see the constructors are for the same Employee class but there
are two of them, this is made possible by to overloading the constructors with different
parameters and different amounts of parameters to take in.

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Validation
Gender field validation
//VALIDATE GENDER FIELD
bool validateF_M(char check){

switch (check){
case 'F' :
case 'f' :
case 'm' :
case 'M' :{
return true;
}
default : {
cout<<"\nplease choose either 'F' or 'M'"<<endl;
return false;
}
}

Simple choices validation

//VALIDATE SIMPLE CHOICE
bool validateSC(char choice){
switch (choice){
case '1':
case '2':{
return true;
}
default :{
cout<<"please choose either '1' or '2'"<<endl;
return false;
}
}
}

Validate Designation Entry

//VALIDATE DESIGNATION ENTRY
bool validateDes(char choice[]){
int i = 0;
dyString *a = NULL;
while(choice[i] != '\0'){
if(choice[i] > 57 || choice[i] < 48){
cout<<"please enter only numbers"<<endl;
return false;
}
i++;
}
i = 0;
a = readDes();
while(a != NULL){
a = a->next;

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i++;
}
if(atoi(choice)> i){
cout<<"choose numbers smaller then "<<++i<<endl;
return false;
}
return true;

Validate Department Entry

//VALIDATE DEPARTMENT ENTRY
bool validateDep(char choice[]){
int i = 0;
dyString *a = NULL;

while(choice[i] != '\0'){
if(choice[i] > 57 || choice[i] < 48){
cout<<"please enter only numbers"<<endl;
return false;
}
i++;
}
i = 0;
a = readDep();
while(a != NULL){
a = a->next;
i++;
}
if(atoi(choice)> i){
cout<<"choose numbers smaller then "<<++i<<endl;
return false;
}
return true;

Validate IC field
//VALIDATE IC FIELD
bool validateIC(char ic[]){
string checkIC = ic;
int i = 0;
bool check = true;
if(strlen(ic) > 12 || strlen(ic) < 12){
cout<<"your IC number must be exactly 12 characters long with no
space or aplhabets"<<endl;
check = false;
}
while(ic[i] != '\0'){
if(ic[i] > 57 || ic[i] < 48){
cout<<"please enter only numbers"<<endl;
return false;
}
i++;
}
return check;

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Validate Date fields

//VALIDATE DATE FIELDS
bool validateDate(char date[]){
bool check = true;
int i = 0;
if(strlen(date) > 10 || strlen(date) < 10){
cout<<"please follow \"DD/MM/YYYY\" format"<<endl;
check = false;
}
while(date[i] != '\0'){
if(!(date[i] <= 58 && date[i] >= 47)){
cout<<"please enter only numbers or '/'"<<endl;
return false;
}
i++;
}
return check;
}

Validate search select

//VALIDATE SEARCH SELECT
bool validateLastNode(int lenght, string choice)
{
bool check = false;
if(atoi(choice.c_str()) <= lenght && atoi(choice.c_str()) > 0)check =
true;

else check = false;

return check;

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Test Plan
Validation
Component

Criteria

Expected result

Actual result

Validate gender field

F || f || M || m

Return true

Return true

Else

Display error
please choose
either F or M.
Return false

Display error
please choose
either F or M.
Return false

Enter numbers only and

must be a valid
designation

Return true

Return true

If not a number

Display error
please enter only
numbers.
Return false

Display error
please enter only
numbers.
Return false

If not a valid designation Display error

Choose numbers
smaller then [last
designation
number].
Return false

Display error
Choose numbers
smaller then [last
designation
number].
Return false

Validate Designation
field

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Validate Department
field

Validate IC field

Enter numbers only and

must be a valid
department

Return true

Return true

If not a number

Display error
please enter only
numbers.
Return false

Display error
please enter only
numbers.
Return false

If not a valid department

Display error
Choose numbers
smaller then [last
department
number].
Return false
Return true

Display error
Choose numbers
smaller then [last
department
number].
Return false
Return true

Display error
your IC number
must be exactly 12
characters long
with no space or
alphabets.
Return false
Display error
please enter only
numbers.
Return false

Display error
your IC number
must be exactly 12
characters long
with no space or
alphabets.
Return false
Display error
please enter only
numbers.
Return false

String length = 10 and is

number or /

Return true

Return true

String length is not 10

Display error
please follow
DD/MM/YYYY
format.

Display error
please follow
DD/MM/YYYY
format.

String length = 12 and is

numbers only

String length below 12

or above 12

Not numbers only

Validate date fields

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Further Programming Concepts in C++TP016028

Return false
If not number or /

Validate search select

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Return false

Display error
please enter only
numbers or /
If choice is within search Return true
list numbers

Display error
please enter only
numbers or /
Return true

If choice not within

search list numbers

Return false

Return false

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System Reliability
Component

Criteria

Expected result

Actual result

Login

Login with admin

account.

Displays admin
menu.

Displays admin
menu.

Login with human

resource staff account.
Login with normal staff
account.

Displays human
resource staff
menu.
Displays staff
details.

Displays human
resource staff
menu.
Displays staff
details.

User select my
account

Display users
details.

Display users
details.

User search for a staff

and select staff from the
search result.
User select Edit to edit
details

Display the staffs

details.

Display the staffs

details.

Prompt for field to

edit, store changes
and display edited
field in user
details
Removes the staff
account and redisplay the new
search results
Prompt for user
search string, then
display search
result, prompt for
user search hit
staff choice
Prompt for fields
entry, validate
entry, create new
employee ID and
display, store new
employee, display
registration

Prompt for field to

edit, store changes
and display edited
field in user
details.
Removes the staff
account and redisplay the new
search results
Prompt for user
search string, then
display search
result, prompt for
user search hit
staff choice
Prompt for fields
entry, validate
entry, create new
employee ID and
display, store new
employee, display
registration

View details

Edit details

Delete staff

Search staff

Register new account

User search for a staff

and select Delete from
search result choice
menu.
User select Search

User select Register

New Employee

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success

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success

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Program sample outputs

Login screen

Admin Menu

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HR Menu

Normal staff Menu

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View Details

Register new account

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Edit account

Search Prompt

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Search Result

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Additional Features

Add Designation and specify designations access outside

program

The designation can be specified in the designation.txt file and the designations access
can be specify 1,2 or 3 in front of the designation name without space and each 1, 2 and 3
represents the Admin account access, HR account access and Normal staff account access.

Add Departments outside program

The department can be specified in the department.txt file each line in the file represents
a department.

Multi Field Search

The search just takes in one string but it has the ability to search all the fields for
matching results, this way the search menu is simplified and the search results are optimized by
proper separation between the fields and proper formatting of the fields.

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Conclusion
Through out the assignment I have realized that even though C++ is not as modern as
Java but C++ has the ability to create large and complex systems due to the fact that it is an
object oriented programming language. C++ also has certain features other programming
languages dont have like pointers and operator overloading, these features have proved to be
very useful over course of the assignments program development. I believe C++ could be better
if its library functions are more well developed like Javas API. Due to current growth of internet
technologies I believe that C++ as the most demanded programming language is soon to change,
even so the use of C++ to create a system has made me more knowledgeable on the field of
software development

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References
1.

DEITEL, H. M., 2002, C++ How to Program.5th edition, London, Prentice Hall.

2.

JOYCE FARRELL, 2009, Object-Oriented Programming USING C++, 4th edition, USA,
COURCE TECHNOLOGY CENGAGE Learning

3.

2010,

ASCII

Table

and

Description,[online],

ASCIITable,

Available

from

http://www.asciitable.com/, [12/11/2010]
4.

2010,

string,

[online],

cplusplus,

Available

from

http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/string/string/, [11/11/2010]

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