The development of Coal-fired power plant (CFPP) SULUT-1 could have an impact to surrounding

environment, particularry for Desa Binjeita where CFPP SULUT-1 will be located. The impact of coalfired power plant will occur during the construction procces of CFPP as well as operation procces. The
Study of environmental impact and detail strategies for reducing the environmental impact will be
analyzed on the Environmental Impact Assessment report. This chapter will discuss the steps to reduce
changes in the environment so that clean and environmental friendlycoal-fired power plant can be
operated and could compete with other CFPP that have a green power plant certificate.
7.1

Environmental Regulation
1. Undang-undang Republik Indonesia No.32 Tahun 2009 Tentang Perlindungan Lingkungan
Hidup.
(The Act of The Republic of Indonesia No. 32 Year 2009 Regarding Environmental Protection
and Management)
2. Undang-undang Republik Indonesia No. 5 Tahun 1990 Tentang Konservasi Sumber daya Alam
Hayati dan Ekosistemnya.
(The Act of the Republic of Indonesia No. 5 Year 1990 Regarding Natural Resources Biodiversity
and Ecosystem)
3. Undang-undang Republik Indonesia No. 7 Tahun 2004 Tentang Sumber Daya Air
(The Act of The Republic of Indonesia No. 7 Year 2004 Regarding Water Resources
4. Undang-Undang No 26 tahun 2007 Tentang Penataan Ruang
(The Act of The Republic of Indonesia No. 26 Year 2007 regarding Land Use Plan
5. Peraturan Pemerintah Republik indonesia Nomor 41 Tahun 1999 Tentang Pengendalian
Pencemaran udara
(Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia No. 41 Year 1999 Regarding Air Pollution
Control)
6. Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 82 Tahun 2001 Tentang Pengelolaan Kualitas
air dan Pengendalian Pencemaran Air;
(Goverment Regulation of Republic of Indonesia No. 82 Year 2001 Regarding Management of
Surface Water)
7. Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia No. 27 Tahun 2012 Tentang Izin Lingkungan
(Goverment Regulation of Republic of Indonesia No. 27 Year 2012 Regarding License of
Environment)
8. Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia No. 101 tahun 2014 Tentang Pengelolaan Limbah
Bahan Berbahaya Dan Beracun
(Goverment Regulation of Republic of Indonesia No. 101 Year 2014 Regarding Management of
Toxic and Hazardous Wastes)
9. Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia No 74 Tahun 2001 tentang Pengelolaan Bahan
Berbahaya dan Beracun
(Goverment Regulation of Republic of Indonesia No. 74 Regarding management of Toxic and
Hazardous Materials)

10. Peraturan menteri kesehatan No 416/Menkes/Per/IX/1990, Tentang Persyaratan Kualitas Air

11.
12.
13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

7.2

Bersih;
(Decree of Minister of Health No 416 Year 1990 Regarding Health Standard of Ground Water)
Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan No. 492 Tahun 2010 Tentang Persyaratan kualitas Air Minum
(Decree of Minister of Health No. 492 Year 2010 Regarding Standard of Drinking Water)
Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup No.5 Tahun 2012 Tentang Jenis Rencana Usaha Dan/Atau
Kegiatan Yang Wajib Memiliki Analisis Mengenai Dampak Lingkungan
Peraturan Menteri Negara Lingkungan Hidup No. 21 Tahun 2008, tentang baku mutu emisi
sumber tidak bergerak bagi usaha dan/atau kegiatan pembangkit listrik termal
(Regulation of State Minister of Environmental No. 21 Year 2008 Regarding standard emission
for Thermal Power Plant)
Peraturan Menteri Negara Lingkungan Hidup No. 08 Tahun 2009, tentang baku mutu air limbah
bagi usaha dan/atau kegiatan pembangkit listrik tenaga termal
(Regulation of State Minister of Environmental No. 8 Year 2009 Regarding Standard Quality of
Waste Water for Thermal Power Plant)
Keputusan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup No. 112 tahun 2003 Tentang Baku Mutu Air Limbah
Domestik
(Decree of State Minister of Environment No 112 Year 2003 Regarding Standard Quality of
Domestic Waste Water)
Keputusan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup No. 51 Tahun 2004 Tentang Baku Mutu Air Laut
(Decree Of State Minister of Environment No. 51 Year 2004 Regarding Standard Quality of Sea
Water)
Keputusan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup No.48 Tahun 1996 Tentang Baku Mutu Tingkat
Kebisingan
(Decree of State Minister of Environmental No. 48 Year 1996 Regarding Standard of Noise)
Keputusan Kepala Bapedal No. 1 Tahun 1995 Tentang Pengumpulan dan Penyimpanan Limbah
B3
(Regulation of Chairman of Bapedal No. 1 Year 1995 Regarding Storing and Collecting of Toxic
and Hazardous Waste
Keputusan Kepala Bapedal No. 4 tahun 1995 tentang Penimbunan Limbah Berbahaya dan
Beracun
(Regulation of Chairman of Bapedal No. 4 Year 1995 Regarding Landfill of Toxic and Hazardous
Waste)

Coal-fired Power Plant Waste

The waste of coal-fired power plant can be classified to three category, which are waste water,
solid waste and air pollution.
- Waste Water
Waste Water of Coal-fired Power Plant can be sources from many activity at CFPP, which
are:
a. Blowdown process form boiler

b. desalination process
c. Demineralisation process
d. laboratory activity
e. workshop activity
f.

Liquid Fuel Handling Process

g. Run-off rain water from Coal yard or Fly/bottom ash Lanfill

- Solid Waste
There are some kinds of solid waste that will be produced in coal-fired power plant, which
are:
a. Fly ash and bottom ash as product of combustion process in boiler
b. Sludge waste which will produced during sedimentation process on Clarifier unit during
waste water treatment process
c. Coal spill from coal handling process
- Air Pollution
Air pollution in Coal-fired power plant could be sources from many activity, which are:
a. Emission from combustion process in boiler
b. Coal and ash handling process
c. Construction process
7.3

Waste Management
In order to fulfill environmental regulation in Indonesia, waste management must be conducted
at Coal-fired power plant SULUT-1. Design and special equipment have been provided in order
to treat the waste that will be produced during operation of coal-fired power plant SULUT-1 so
that impact to environment will be reduced. Management waste and equipment design will be
described below:
a. Waste water management
Waste Water which are produced during blowdown, deslaination, demineralization,
labolatory, and workshop activity process in CFPP SULUT-1 will be discherged and
collected into a pond. All waste water that has been collected will be treated in waste
water treatment plant. Waste water treatment plant consist of many process, which are PH
Control, reactor tank process, and neutralization process. After through waste water
treatment process effluen of waste water will be fulfill standard quality of waste water

that regulated in regulation of state minister of environment. Afterward effluent of waste

water will be discharged into surface water or will be reused for activity such as, dust
contol or contolling thickness of waste water in waste water collecting pond.
Run-off rain water from coal and yard and ash landfill will be treated and will be reused
for media of dust controller. Two ponds will be used for tread this type of waste water.
The first pond will be fuction for resettling run-off rain water and on this pond all
contaminant (coal ash) will sediment so that if the first pond has been full, the waste
water that will be flowing to second pond will be free from contaminant (coal ash). Waste
water from this pond will be collected to reused as media dust controller.
b. Solid Waste Management
Solid waste in CFPP SULUT-1 will be produced during combustion process, coal
handling process and sedimentation process in Waste water treatmnet plant. There is two
kind solid waste that will be producted from coal combustion process, which are fly ash
and bottom ash. Fly ash and bottom ash will be through cooling process before it's
transferred to the ash silo. From ash silo, fly ash and bottom ash will be transferred to ash
yard that located in CFPP SULUT-1 area. Process transfer of fly ash and bottom ash to
ash yard location conducted using truck (wet condition) or vaccum truck. At the ash yard
fly ash and bottom ash will through compacted process using heavy duty equipment so
that dust emission will be reduced.
At Waste water treatment plant, there is process which has a function to seperate solid
contaminant from liquid using prinsip of sedimentation, this process is occur in clarifier
unit. Solid contaminant will sediment in clarifier and the sludge which resulted from
sedimentation process will treated in sludge enrichment tank and then will be through
dewatering process. After through dewatering process, sludge will be compacted using
filter press and then will be transferred to ash yard.
In process coal handling, Coal spill will be occur in the process coal transfer from jetty to
coal bunker, So it can produce solid waste. Coal spill also occur on unloading process.
this process has high possibility to causes coal spill into the sea. if that happen, the
surrounding sea will be contaminated, in which that case will be difficult to be treated.
The most factor causes coal spill occured in unloading process is there is gap between
barge ship with jetty and the used of ship unloader type clam sheel. to prevent coal spill
into the sea CFPP SULUT-1 will be used ship unloader type enclosed continous. The ship
unloader type enclosed continous can be seen in figure 7.1 below.

Figure 7.1 Ship Unloader type Enclosed Continous

c. Air Pollution Control
The most causes air pollution in CFPP is combustion process on Boiler and coal handling
process. A small amount of dust also will be produced during construction process.
Pollutan which will be emitted to ambient air causes by combustion process are CO 2;
SO2; NOx; and Particulate. CFPP SULUT-1 will use coal as fuel with range of total
amount of sulphur content is 0.08 - 0.4 % with typical amount of sulphur content is 0.3%.

Controlling emission of NOs will be conducted using low NO x burner in which this
technology has been proven quite effective to reducing emisiion of NO x
in order to reducing particulate matter Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP) will be used and it
will be installed prior to Stack gas, so that particulate matter on flue gas will be collected
by ESP before flue gas release through stack gas. ESP will be designed with total
efficiency 99.9%, so that total particulate that will be emitted from stack gas will fulfill
emission quality standard in Indonesia which is below 150 mg/m3.
Air pollution also can occure during coal handling process. coal dust will produced
during coal transferr process from conveyor to another conveyor. In order to reducing
dust emission from that process, dust collector and dust supression will be installed in
coal handling unit at CFPP SULUT-1. There is two kind of dust collector which are dry
dust collector and wet scrubber. coal ash are hydrophobic, therefore to maximize reducing

dust emission from coal handling process, dust suppresion will be design to have
chemical agent.
Dust collector will be installed at:
- Transfer tower
- Tripper conveyor
Dust Suppresion will be installed at:
- Jetty
- Transfer tower
- Crusher house
Figure 7.3 described design of dust suppresion which equipped with chemical agent
injection.

coal pile at coal yard has high possibility to causes air pollution because exposed by the
wind. Coal pile that exposed by the wind can causes dust emission. In order to prevent
this case, dust suppresion and wind deflektor will be installed at coal yard area. figure 7.4
describe wind defflector at coal yard.

Figure 7.4 wind defflector at coal yard