Basic Principles of Home and School Vegetable

Gardening
SCOPE OF AGRICULTURE IN SCHOOL
VEGETABLE GARDENING
A. Definitions:
Vegetable It is a plant the most herbaceous parts of which can be used as food for
man.
Vegetable Gardening It is the art and practice of growing various important
vegetables for home use and for the market.
B. Importance of Vegetables
Helps us beautify our surroundings and make our home & schools more attractive.

Give us a ready supply of fresh vegetables

Additional source of income

Provides invigorating exercises

Good source of vitamins & minerals

Helps in the development of the desirable trait, industry.

C. Types:

Home gardening
School gardening

Truck or extensive gardening

Length of the growing season

Water requirements

Beans and legumes

Solanaceous vegetable fruits
Cucurbitaceous vegetable fruits
Water-living vegetable crops
Culinary herbs, spices or condiments

D. Classification of Vegetables
According to its parts and ways
Botanical classification

classification as to season
E. Common Vegetables in the Philippines

Perennial vegetables
Bulbs or onion crops
Cole vegetables
Green and salads
Roots and tubers crops

PLANNING THE GARDEN

A. Choosing a good location
B. Determining what to plant
C. Selecting crops in terms of
temperature
D. Standard site of a vegetable garden in
school

E.

Points to consider in preparing a

garden plan
F. Drawing the garden plan
G. Keeping records

THE GARDEN FENCE AND THE GATE

A. The importance of gates and fences

1. Gates and fences improve the appearance of the garden.

2. They keep away animals which may destroy plants.

A. Types of fence and the materials used for each type

1. Permanent
2. Semi-permanent

3. Temporary

C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
I.
J.
D.
K.
L.
M.

N.

Points to consider in making a fence:

1. If wire used, stretch it & then nail it tightly to the post.
2. Soak, at least, the base of the wooden post in wood preservative like coal tar.
3. Cut bamboos that in season.
4. Set apart the posts to not more than 21/2 to 3 mtrs.
5. See to it that the corner posts are no longer, well-braced and set deeper.
6. Keep boundary lines clean.
7. Keep the top of the fence always level.
The gate and its shutters
1. It should be, at least, 11/2 mtrs. wide.
2. The post of the gate must be larger and longer than those of the fence.
3. Shutters should be locked, attractive and artistically built.
THE NURSERY HOUSE AND THE GERMINATING SHED
A. Nursery house It is a place where seedlings in seedboxes/seedling trays are taken
care of.
O. B. Importance of a nursery house:
P.
1. Enables the gardener to start the raising of veg. seedlings early so that
transplanting may be done
on time.
Q.
2. Germination of the seeds can be controlled.
R.
3. Vegetable seedlings can be raised continuously and this enables the hardener to
have enough
S.
supply on the different dates of planting.
T.
4. The growth of seedlings, watering and control of pests and diseases can easily
supervise.
U.
5. Used to store garden tools, equipment & seeds.
V.
6. Serves as a good place for instructional purposes.
W.
7. It can be used as a place for resting by the gardener.
X. C. Steps in constructing a nursery house
Y. D. The germinating shed
Z. 1. Should be protected from wind and rain.
AA.
2. Roof should be lowered during stormy days.
AB.
3. When seeds sprout, only a small amount of light should be given.
AC.
4. When young plants become bigger, the amount of light may be increased until
they can resist the full rays of the sun.
AD.
E. Points to consider in building a nursery house and a germinating shed
AE.
1. Should have plenty of air & well-distributed light.
AF. 2. Should have a roof of either nipa or cogon to protect the seedlings from rain & direct
sunshine.
AG.
3. Should be well-protected from prevailing wind.
AH.
4. Should have good water supply.
AI. 5. There should be enough space between the stands of the seedboxes/seedling trays to
serve as passage.
AJ. 6. There should be a working table in one of the corners for pricking the seedlings and
mixing the soil media.
AK.
Raising Seedlings
A. Selecting good seeds for planting purposes
AL.
AM.
AN.

1. Productiveness
2. Vigor
3. Season crops

AO.
AP.

4. Quality
5. Hardiness

B. Testing the percentage of the germination of seeds.

C. Preparing the seedboxes and soil.
C.
Seedboxes size: H = 71/2 cm W = 30 cm L = 45 cm
D.
Soil media: 1 part loam soil, 1 part rotted compost & 1 part sand.

D. Sterilization of the soil

E. Preparing the seedbeds
F. Sowing seeds in
seedboxes/seedling
trays/seedbeds
G. Care of germinating seeds

H. Care of seedlings
I. Shifting or pricking seedlings
J. Care of the shifted or pricked
seedlings
K. Thinning the seedlings
L. Value of thinning

M.
LAND PREPARATION FOR GARDEN
Methods of garden soil preparation
Kinds of soils
Garden tools and its uses
Care of tools
Tillage the process of stirring the soil to facilitate the growth of plants.
Preparation of the garden soil

Cleaning the garden

Plowing or spading and harrowing

Garden bed and furrows

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

N.
O.

1. Flat bed
2. Raised bed

P.
Q.

3. Bordered bed
4. Furrows

3. Compact soil
4. Sandy soil

Improving the garden soil

1. soil with very little fertility
2. Sour soil

PLANTING IN THE GARDEN

I. Transplanting
II.
Direct planting

Methods of direct planting:

1. Drill planting
2. Furrow planting

Parts of plants directly planted in ground:

1. Seeds
2. Cuttings
3. Underground runners

3. Hill planting

4. Bulb
5. Root and tuber

III. Spacing of vegetables in the garden

Hardening Plants
Purpose: To prepare plants to withstand adverse conditions in the garden.
CARE OF VEGETABLE PLANTS
I. Good cultivation
II. Watering or irrigating the plants
III. Constructing trellises for vine crops
IV. Protecting the plants from enemies
1. Thieves
2. Stray animals
3. Unfavorable weather condition

4. Unsanitary condition
5. Weeds
6. Insect pests & diseases


VI.

V. Fertilizing
Harvesting, Marketing, and Storing of
Vegetables
A. Purpose:

For food and the market

For seed purpose
B. Harvesting vegetables properly
C. Marketing
D. Selecting and preserving seeds
THANK YOU