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I have heard that one film actress in Hollywood got married to her eleventh
husband. She came home, introduced the new dad to the children. The children
brought a register, and they said to the dad, Please sign it, because today you are
here, tomorrow you may be gone; and we are accumulating the signatures,
autographs, of all our dads.
You go on changing houses; you go on changing everything. In America the average
limit of a persons job is three years. The job is also continuously changing. The
house the average limit of a person staying in one town is also three years. And
the average limit of marriage is also three years. Somehow three years seems to be
very important. It seems if you remain the fourth year with the same woman there
is fear that you may get settled. If you remain in the same job more than three years
there is fear that you may get settled. So people go on; they have become almost
vagabonds. That creates divisions inside you.
In the East we tried to give a job to a person as part of his life. A man was born in a
Brahmin house: he remained a Brahmin. That was a great experiment to give
stability. A man was born in a shoemakers house: he remained a shoemaker. The
marriage, the family, the job, the townpeople were born in the same town and
they would die in the same town. Lao Tzu remembers, I have heard that in the
ancient days people had not gone beyond the river. They had heard dogs barking
on the other side, the other shore. They had inferred that there must be a town
because in the evening they had seen smoke rising people must be cooking. They
had heard dogs barking, but they had not bothered to go and see. People were so
harmoniously settled.
This constant change simply says that your mind is feverish. You cannot stay longer
at anything; then your whole life becomes a life of continuous change as if a tree
is being uprooted again and again and again and never gets the right time to send
its roots deep down into the earth. The tree will be alive only for the names sake. It
will not be able to bloom, not possible, because before flowers come, the roots have
to settle.
So, concentration means bringing your consciousness to one object and becoming
capable of retaining it there any object. If you are looking at a rose flower, you
continuously look at it. Again and again the mind wanders, goes here and there;
you bring it back. You tame the mind you tame the bull. You bring it back to the
rose. The mind goes again; you bring it back. By and by, the mind starts being with
the rose for longer periods. Once your mind remains with the rose for a long
period, you will be able for the first time to know what a rose is. It is not just a rose:
God has flowered in it. The fragrance is not only of the rose; the fragrance is divine.
But you never were en rapport with it for long.
Sit with a tree and be with it. Sit with your boyfriend or girlfriend and be with him
or her, and bring yourself again and again. Otherwise, what is happening? Even if
you are making love to a woman, you are thinking of something else maybe
moving in a totally different world. Even in love you are not focused. You miss
much. A door opens, but you are not there to see it. You come back when the door
is closed again.
Each moment there are millions of opportunities to see God, but you are not there.
He comes and knocks at your doors, but you are not there. You are never found
there. You go on roaming around the world. This roaming has to be stopped; thats
what is the meaning of dharana. Dharana is the first step of the great synthesis of
samyama.
The second step is dhyan. In dharana, in concentration, you bring your mind to a
focus: the object is important. You have to bring again and again the object in your
consciousness; you are not to lose track of it. The object is important in dharana.
The second step is dhyan, meditation. In meditation the object is not important
come to me and they say, I would like to take sannyas, but. That but brings
the second mind. They think they are the same, but the but brings another mind.
They are not one. They would like to do something and, at the same time, they
would not like to do it two minds. If you watch you will find many minds in you
almost a marketplace.
When there are too many objects, there are too many minds corresponding to
them. When there is one object, one mind arises focused, centered, rooted,
grounded. Now this one mind has to be dropped; otherwise you will remain in the
ego. The many has been dropped; now drop the one also. In samadhi this one mind
has to be dropped. When one mind drops, the one object also disappears because it
cannot be there. They always are together.
In samadhi only consciousness remains, as pure space.
These three together are called samyama. Samyama is the greatest synthesis of
human Consciousness.
-Osho
Excerpt from Yoga: The Alpha and the Omega, V.8, Chapter One
Copyright OSHO International Foundation
An MP3 audio file of this discourse can be downloaded from Osho.com, or you can
read the entire book online at the Osho Library.
Many of Oshos books are available online from Amazon.com and in the U.S.
from OshoStore-Sedona and Osho Here and Now.
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You have used the term sadhaka in your collective question. But the investigation
does not begin with Sadhana. Investigation begins first on the theoretical,
academic, verbal level. One has to know with the help of words about what one is
going to do as Sadhana. .
This phase of investigation, this study through travelling, through reading books,
through seminars, you may call it intellectual sadhana, but we call it JIGNASYA the
urge to enquire, and one who does that is JIGNASU.
When a person living In Europe and America or outside Asia comes to know
through scriptures on Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism or even Islam, when the
person comes to know that there are different ways of living, where freedom from
the prison-house of thought and from the clutches of the mind is possible, then the
desire for liberation is born in the heart. When he knows through that verbal
investigation that a different way of living is possible, that people have lived that
way, that it is possible for anyone and everyone to be liberated from the grip of the
mind and the prison-house of thought structure, then the desire for liberation is
born in the heart. The desire for liberation is called Mumuksha the desire for
Moksha. Moksha is liberation. Mukti, Moksha, these are the Sanskrit terms. One
who has the desire for Moksha is called MUMUKSHU.
So the JIGNASU becomes MUMUKSHU. First he only wanted to know; now he
says I have known that It IS possible, so why should I continue living as a slave of
the thought and the mind. If there is a consciousness beyond, if there is a life
beyond, well let me explore. So JIGNASU becomes a MUMUKSHU; a person
charged with the flame of enquiry, of exploration. So he turns to those who have
taken the pilgrimage, those who have followed the path of liberation and freedom.
He comes across such persons, sees their lives and he says that I want to educate
myself in that way of freedom, in that life style of freedom, so he becomes a
SADHAKA.
A Sadhaka is one who launches upon the extensive project of education, learning,
discovery. SADHANA is the process of education, the process of learning, a
personal discovery of truth. One who does that sadhana is called SADHAKA. So
JIGNASU; MUMUKSHU; SADHAKA. When the process of education is gone
through at the physical level, at the verbal level, at the mental level, at cerebral
level, and in the movement of daily relationships, then he becomes a SIDDHA. The
education is completed, now it is mature. SADHANA SADHAKA and then
SIDDHA.
Because you have asked the question and have used the term SADHAKA one must
know the background. SADHANA, SADHAKA is the third phase. After verbal
investigation, comes the phase where one is charged with the desire for liberation
from mind and thought. If that desire is not there, if the urge is not there, then one
does not become a Sadhaka. The Sadhana is for Mukti, Moksha, liberation,
enlightenment. That is the top priority; that is the first priority. The person is
willing to do anything and everything for that discovery of freedom and living in
freedom. So the Sadhaka is the student of life, learning and educating himself. If
the urge for liberation is not there, then you may do Yoga Asanas and Pranayama
for 20 years, they will give you health, they will give you symmetrical body, it is a
physical and cultural education, very necessary -but that by itself does not lead you
to freedom from the mind. YAMAH- NIYAMAH will give you a disciplined life,
even Pratyahara can give you a disciplined life. There will be a disciplined life at
the physical level, at the verbal level. You will be speaking Truth -Sat yam, you will
be non-violent -Ahimsa, there will be Shaucham- cleanliness at the physical, the
mental and the verbal level and modesty, humility. So the Yamahs and Niyamahs
will create a very orderly, disciplined person. Asanas, Pranayama will change the
quality of physical life and bring about a different freshness in body-brain complex
but that by itself is not the totality of Sadhana, it is only a part.
Many people have a misconception when they turn to Yoga; they think that Yoga
Asanas, Pranayama and Yamah Niyamah, will naturally lead them to Dhyanam
and Samadhi. But that is a different education because with Yamah- Niyamah,
Asana-Pranayama, Pratyahara, Dharana you have to exercise the physical, the
verbal, the mental, the cerebral, you have to make an effort, you have to create an
order in the chaos, in the disorder. The You, the centre, the monitor is there, the
method and techniques of doing away with disorder and creating order: that is
there. Yamahs and Niyamahs give you direction for the Asanas, which must be
done correctly, a Mantra has to be pronounced correctly, in the proper accent,
intonation, punctuation, and articulation. Even in Dharana, the science and the art
of concentration, there is still something to learn concentrate on the breath,
concentrate on the movement of breath, concentrate on an idol, concentrate on the
flame of a candle and so on, there is the centre, the knowledge, the direction of
effort, the methodology of effort.
People find it easy up to there. Education can go on smoothly up to the step of
Dharana, if the person is really sincere and really very serious about changing the
way of living. It is an alternative way of living. It is an alternative culture. It is an
alternative dynamics of relationship with your body, with nature, with human
beings with non-human species. It is a holistic change in the way of living, up to
that it is comparatively easy and many serious, sincere students of spirituality in
the various countries of the world have taken the journey up to there, but then
comes the point of DHYANAM or meditation.
You say what is the most difficult obstacle? I will not call it obstacle, but a difficult
point that you have to cross. If you convert it into an obstacle it can become an
obstacle, otherwise it is something that you have to cross, to go over. What
happens is, up to Dharana, the I, the self, the me, the Ego, the Monitor whatever
you call it, can assert itself, can make an effort, can see the result, the product, the
result of its effort in time, it can even manipulate the result, so it is satisfied -I have
done this, I have progressed. And naturally through Yoga asanas, Pranayama,
Pratyahara, Dharana, the dormant energies in the body, in the biological organism,
in the psychological structure which were not tapped before, they are stimulated.
The manifestation of those activised powers is called VIBHUTI. SIDDHI,
VIBHUTI. So up till there, the enthusiasm of the l, the Me is tremendous,
because it is doing something, it is getting something, it can measure it, people can
see what you have achieved and you can teach it to others. But then comes the
point of DHYANAM, where the mind and the brain are to be educated in relaxation
of all movement that is the difficult point. The body has to be steady, the speech
has to go back into its source, and the mental movement and the movement of the
brain have to voluntarily discontinue. You cannot make them stop, because you are
a part of that, you are a part of the past, of the thought structure, the conditionings,
you are one of it, you are its product so you can not change it, the You, the monitor
which up till now has been very active has to voluntarily discontinue its movement.
The difficult part comes now of educating the mind and the brain to voluntarily
discontinue its movement in every direction. If you tell the mind there is nothing
to know, nothing to experience, nowhere to go, no experiencing, it runs back into
the past. Wants to chew into the memories of the past pleasure, of the past pain, or
it wants to jump towards the future that is unborn, that is not here. It does not give
up easily its addiction to motion. It has been moving, changing itself, changing
others, getting something. It has been busy with the acquisitive movementacquire knowledge, acquire money, acquire experience, acquire powers, and people
acknowledge you, you get social respectability and you can earn money by teaching
them.
This part of self-education is a very tough part, because there is no doing. You have
to be with yourself whether you sit down, you stand up, and you walk. No books,
no reading, no knowing, no experiences. One requires tremendous patience with
the cerebral organ, which has been sharpened. It has been made very sharp and
sophisticated and you have purified it through your Yamah -Niyamah etc. It is very
sensitive: one hundred times more sensitive than any of your electronic gadgets.
So when you sit down with yourself or spend some days with yourself, you notice
that immeasurable velocity, that tremendous, fantastic momentum with which the
thoughts come and go, the emotions come, the memories come up and the Seer has
to be there just seeing it, not looking at it. Looking is the activity of the monitor,
the I, the Me, the mind. Seeing is the energy principle of your life. You dont see
because you want to see, but because you cant help it. It IS an involuntary action.
It is not a movement like thinking, feeling, willing. It is an instantaneous action.
So be with oneself, be with the total human past contained in your body, not even
to watch it, to observe it, but just be in the state of SEEING. The seeing, the
hearing goes on but you are not listening. You listen to something when you have a
motivation, but hearing goes on, you cant help it, if you are awake, the auditory
nerves respond to the sound, the optical nerves respond to the light, to the shape,
to the colour of the objects.
To be in that austere state of seeing is the toughest part. When the seen, that is the
past, the known, the conditioned gets exposed to that seeing energy it gets
exhausted, that is to say, the seen energy is not unlimited, it is vast, it is gigantic,
but it has had a beginning and it can have an end. One needs patience in educating
oneself for being in the state of SEEING without looking, without listening, without
comparing, without evaluating, without passing a value judgement on what is seen.
Nobody will know, but you go on doing that inwardly. So no value judgement, no
comparison, no seeking pleasure out of it, no feeling pain out of it. The seeing is
unrelated to that which is seen. It is not a relationship, it is co-existence of the
seeing energy and the seen energy -the DRASHTA, DRASHTUTVAM AND
DRISHYA.
The body, the movement of the pranas, your breathing, the movement of the mind,
the movement of the brain -all these are seen, they are not your existential essence,
they are not the essence of your being. The seeing energy is the essence, which you
might call ATMAN and CHAITANYA. You might give a variety of names to it, It is
just an energy, where seeing and understanding are rolled into one. It is a
perceptive sensitivity. Looking is an activity, a joint activity of the mind and the
optical nerves, but seeing is unrelated to that which is seen, because one did not
want to see it, wish to see it, expect to see it, it is there, therefore it is seen. That is
the toughest part, but if that is gone through, then the seen and the seeing energy
subside into their sources and there is MAUNAM or silence or emptiness.
So the seeing and the seen are replaced by infinite silence of emptiness. It is still
tougher to be in that state if at all a Sadhaka has patience and humility to be in the
state. Nothing happens, no experiences, you come out of silence after 2 or 3 hours
and somebody asks you what were you doing? I dont know, nothing. But you
were sitting there with your closed eyes for 3 hours, what happened? Nothing.
What did you get out of it? Nothing.
The immeasurableness and indescribable-ness of that emptiness! How can you
describe emptiness? You can describe an object. So the I consciousness, the Ego
that had gone voluntarily into discontinuity jumps back. It wants to claim and say
I have had an experience of silence. The I can never have that experience, the I
can have experience of quietness, of abstinence from speaking, it can have an
experience of non-motion but silence is something that cannot be experienced.
Nothing happens to the chemical or metabolic or nervous system.
What is the obstacle on the path of a Sadhaka? This nothingness and nobodyness. To go through that period of solitary silence is difficult especially for those
who are living in big cities, they have jobs, they have families. Unless they move
away from their working place and family atmosphere for some time this education
from the doer, the experiencer to the Seer, from the Seer into the Silence and then
into Meditation, this education cannot happen. Devoting an hour a day while living
in the family, while working at a job is easy, that can be done, but for the revolution
to happen, for the mutation to take place, the Silence has to crystallise. It is only
when the silence crystallises as the normal dimension of consciousness that the
mutation, the quantum jump into the state of DHYANAM occurs. It is not the
result of any human effort. You cannot bring it about as the result of your action.
It occurs, it happens if this period of being merged into or being immersed into the
ocean of Emptiness is gone through.
You may call it in your language the most difficult obstacle. As I see it, it is a tough
phase in education, because it is going beyond mind, it is going beyond brain into
another dimension of consciousness -Dhyanajam anashayam (Patanjali Yoga
Sutras IV. 6). Out of meditation is born a Chitta which has no content of thought,
emotion, feeling, which has no past, which has no conditionings. The Prakrit
chitta disappears with meditation and Dhyanajam chittam anashayam emerges.
Chitta, which is emptiness, emptiness as a dimension of consciousness, gets born.
In the beginning it lasts for say few hours and when you are busy in movement of
relationships you feel it is slipping out, because that is a period of puberty from one
dimension to the other -a touch and go, it slips back into the mental or the cerebral,
it becomes aware of it, again gets back into the mental or the cerebral, it becomes
aware of it, again gets back into the meditative dimension and then there is a
growth into Samadhi, the dimension of invincible equipoise, invincible peace,
invincible relaxation. No action can damage the relaxation. No speaking for hours
can affect the inner state of silence and no relationships which one has to go
through in society can even touch the solitude of the consciousness.
So it seems to me that the tough period begins in Sadhana or the difficult period or
obstacle period, begins when one is busy educating oneself in DHYANAM.
There is a very well known Sadhaka poet in India, he is still living, he wrote to me
that it is better to be in the dimension of the known where you know how to handle
http://www.ul.ie/~sextonb/vt/Sadhaka.htm
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give your whole heart to it. You must be very alert, very watchful, because the
forgetting, which is our conditioning, is very strong.
Did suffering play any part in propelling you into the path?
It depends how you understand suffering. Suffering as an idea, a concept, can never
bring you to the knowing of yourself. But the direct perception of suffering is, like
all objects, a pointer to your Self. What was important for me were those moments
when I faced myself and found a lack of fulfillment; this produced the dynamism to
explore more deeply. In a certain way when you really feel this lack without
conceptualizing it, it is great sufferingbut it is not the kind of suffering caused by
a robbery, losing a job, a broken marriage death, and so on. Of course these
difficulties lift you out of a kind of complacency, a habitual way of living. They wake
you up to interrogate, to inquire, to explore, to question suffering itself.
Make suffering an object. In complete surrender to the perception, light comes up.
You must understand that by surrender I dont mean a fatalistic acceptance or a
kind of psychological sacrifice. Real surrender is letting go of all ideas and allowing
the perception, in this case suffering, to come to you in your openness. You will see
that it does not go away, as is the case with psychological acceptancewhere the
energy fixed as suffering is merely shifted to another areabut it comes to blossom
within your full attention. You will feel it as free energy, energy that was previously
crystallized. Thus surrender is not a passive state. It is both passive and active,
passive in the sense of letting go as with Meister Eckharts Poor Man, and active
in that it is a constant alertness.
Did you practice yoga to come to deeper levels of surrender and alertness?
The word practice generally means habit. We must use it only in the sense of
becoming more and more aware of body and mind. We must see that the body is a
field of fear, anxiety, defense and aggression. However, the emphasis must not be
on the body but on presence, on listening. What is important is to become
acquainted with the field of tensions and see that the constantly interfering I-image
is not separate from this field but belongs to it. When this is clear, tensions finds no
accomplice, the perception is freed, and energy integrates in its totality. The
traditional approach is through listeing to the body, not mastering it. Dominating
the body is violence. But one can sweep the floor or wash the dishes and be in
listening. It makes no difference.
Exploring the body brought me to deeper layers of relaxation and this relaxation
brought about the cessation of repetitive patterns in the body and mind. In
welcoming the body I became more and more aware of the feeling of letting go, so
in this way the yoga participated in the fore-feeling of reality. But it only led me to
where I no longer emphasized the object, the body, but the ultimate subject. Yoga
brings you to a kind of alertness, a tranquility, and a tranquil body reflects a
tranquil mind. But of course you can come to the peaceful body-mind without yoga!
If yoga is not in itself the teaching, what is?
The teaching points directly to what is not teachable. The words, the actions, are a
crutch and this support gradually loses its concreteness until suddenly one day you
find yourself in the non-state which cannot be taught. The formulations are
symbols, pointers, and ultimately you do not see the symbol but that to which it
points.
When the teaching lost its concreteness for you and there was this shift in
emphasis from the object-symbol to the subject, that to which the symbol points,
how did your life change?
The old patterns of thinking and actingof false identification with the body
having lost their concreteness, no longer had any hold. It was that reduction from
dispersion to orientation we spoke of a strengthening of the fore-feeling of truth. It
became more and more present and less conceptual. This being understanding
gave a new direction to my life. Everything was perceived in a new way. I became
more discerning, and although I made no voluntary changes, many things that had
occupied places in my earlier life just dropped away. I had been lured by names and
forms as I strove for having and becoming, but with the orientation of energy there
came a new order of values. You must not interpret this as adopting a new morality
of any kind. Nothing was added or given up. I just became aware of the
clearness, sattvas, and a transformation spontaneously followed from this
awareness.
My Master explained to me that this light, which seemed to come from outside, was
really light reflected by the Self. In my meditations I was visited by this light and
attracted by it and it gave me greater clarity in action, thinking and feeling. My way
of listening became unconditional, free from past and future. This unconditional
listening brought me to a receptive alertness and as I became familiar with this
alertness it became free from all expectation, all volition. I felt an establishing in
attention, an unfolding in fullness to awareness.
Then a complete change occurred one evening on Marine Drive in Bombay. I was
watching flying birds without thought or interpretation, when I was completely
taken by them and felt everything happening in myself. In this moment I knew
myself consciously. The next morning I knew, in facing the multiplicity of daily life,
that being understanding was established. The self-image had completely dissolved
and, freed from the conflict and interference of the I-image, all happenings
belonged to being awareness, the totality. Life flowed on without the cross-currents
of the ego. Psychological memory, like and dislike, attraction and repulsion, had
vanished. The constant presence, that we call the Self, was free from repetition,
memory, judgment, comparison and appraisal. The center of my being had been
spontaneously ejected from time and space into timeless stillness. In this non-state
of being, the separation between you and me vanished completely. Nothing
appeared outside. All things belonged in me but I was no longer in them. There was
only oneness.
I knew myself in present happening, not as a concept but as a being without
localization in time and space. In this non-state there was freedom, full and
objectless joy. There was pure thankfulness, thanking without an object. It was not
an affective feeling, but a freedom from all affectivity, a coldness close to warmth.
My Master had given me an understanding of all this, but now it had become a
bright and integrated truth.
-Jean Klein
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able to watch the second hand with remembrance and awareness even for twenty
seconds. The second hand will go on moving, you will forget for a moment or so,
and then again you will remember that you have forgotten. By then the second
hand will have moved a few seconds ahead, and during that time your awareness
will have wandered off to somewhere else.
Whatever work you are doing, try to do it with awareness. There is no need to make
a separate time for this experiment. If you are eating, eat consciously, chew
consciously. Nobody will ever know that you are doing some spiritual discipline.
The spiritual practices of sankhya are not noticeable: nobody will know if someone
is doing them or not. The spiritual practices of yoga are obvious, because they
involve outer activity. Sankhyas activity is within. Breathing is happening just
become aware of it. Buddha has put much emphasis on this.
Buddha has placed much emphasis on this: that whether a man is walking, sitting,
lying down or rising, one thing that is constantly present there like a heartbeat is
his breathing. So why not watch the breathing itself? When the breath goes in, be
aware of it; when the breath goes out, be aware of it. Dont miss it, dont let a single
breath happen unconsciously. It will not be long before you find that your
realization is growing. As your awareness of your breath grows, so will your
realization. If you can put aside even one hour out of twenty-four hours to watch
your breath coming in and going out, without any interruption, then the door
of sankhya will be very close by. It is just a matter of pushing it slightly, and it will
open.
Buddha has based his whole teaching on watching the breath anapanasatiyoga,
the discipline of watching the breath coming in and going out. Buddha used to say
that if a bhikshu, a monk, could manage only this, he would need to do nothing
else. It might seem to be a very small task to you, but when you look at the second
hand on your watch and miss it three times in one minute, you will realize how
difficult this process of watching your breath can be. But if you begin, then
someday the end will also come. If you begin, then someday you will also
experience.
This is an internal process. It is much more difficult than chanting Rama-Rama,
because to chant Rama-Rama your awareness is not needed. A man can go on
chanting Rama-Rama mechanically, his awareness is not needed at all. And it can
happen that he can go on doing all his other work and also chanting Rama-Rama.
He is not aware of his chanting: it goes on automatically, mechanically. So if
someone wants to chantRama-Rama, two things are involved: one is his chanting,
and the other is his awareness of the chanting. Only then is it beneficial, otherwise
it is useless.
Many people are doing chanting, and it is simply useless. Their chanting has made
them even more retarded in their intelligence, it has not enhanced it. It has not
helped their knowing, it has retarded it. This is why you may often notice that these
people who chant Rama-Rama and who even wear clothes printed all over with the
words Rama-Rama, are a little stupid. Their wisdom does not seem to be growing,
it seems to be getting rusty. It is bound to get rusty, because intelligence, the
perception involved in intellect, grows with awareness and shrinks with each action
done in unawareness and you are doing all your actions in unawareness. You just
add your chant of Rama-Rama to it and that also becomes an unconscious act.
Instead of adding any new activity, it is better to bring awareness to the activities
that you are already doing. Even if you have been chantingRama-Rama, bring
awareness to it. No matter what you do, decide one thing: that you will go on
making efforts to do it with awareness. You may fail today, you may fail tomorrow,
but dont be worried, because in every failure is hidden the seed of success.
And if your awareness continues and a constant impact happens, one day you will
suddenly discover that you are able to perform any action with total awareness. On
the day you succeed in being aware, the door tosankhya is open. Nothing else is
needed. No other external action is needed one simply enters the inner sanctum
of the heart. Then you will know your inner witness, because awareness is the
witness.
When you do something with awareness, you become a witness. You are no more a
doer. Whenever you do something in unawareness you become a doer, you are no
more a witness. Whatsoever you do with awareness. You may be eating your food:
eat with awareness and you will no more be an eater, you will become a watcher of
the act of eating. You may be walking on a path: walk with awareness and you will
not be the walker, you will become a witness, a watcher of the one who is walking.
So if your awareness goes on growing, the witness will also go on growing in you.
And when the witness in you is totally free of the doer, the outer shell of the doer
breaks open and the witness sprouts forth.
-Osho
Excerpted from Flight of the Alone to the Alone, Chapter 17
You can read a related post at: https://o-meditation.com/2010/12/04/awarenessand-effort-osho/
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The path of will starts with your witnessing Self. It is not concerned with your ego
directly only indirectly. To start witnessing, to be aware of your acts, is directly
concerned with awakening your inner Self. If the inner Self is awakened, the ego
disappears as a consequence. You are not to do anything with the ego directly. They
cannot both exist simultaneously. If your Self is awakened, the ego will disappear.
The path of will tries to awaken the inner center directly. Many, many methods are
used. How to awaken the Self? We will discuss that.
The path of surrender is directly concerned with the ego, not with the Self. When
the ego disappears, the inner Self is awakened automatically. The path of surrender
is concerned with the ego immediately, directly. You are not to do anything to
awaken your inner Self. You are just to surrender your ego. The moment ego is
surrendered; you are left with your inner Self awakened.
Of course, these both will work in opposite directions, because one will be
concerned with ego and one will be concerned with Self. Their methods, their
techniques, will be opposite and no one can follow both. There is no need to and
that is impossible also. Everyone has to choose.
If you choose the path of will, then you are left alone to work upon yourself. It is an
arduous thing. One has to struggle to fight to fight with old habits which create
sleep. Then the only fight is against sleep, and the only ambition is for a deep
awakening inside. Those who follow will, they know only one sin, and that sin is
spiritual sleepiness.
Many are the techniques. I have discussed some. For example, Gurdjieff used a Sufi
exercise. Sufis call it halt. For example, you are sitting here, and if you are
practising the exercise of halt it means total halt. Whenever the teacher says
Stop! or Halt! then you have to stop totally whatsoever you are doing. If your
eyes are open, then stop them there and then. Now you cannot close them.
If your hand is raised, let it be there. Whatsoever your position and gesture, just be
frozen in it. No movements! Halt totally! Try this, and suddenly you will have an
inner awakening a feeling. Suddenly you will become aware of your own
frozenness.
The whole body is frozen, you have become a solid stone, you are like a statue. But
if you go on deceiving yourself, then you have fallen into sleep. You can deceive
yourself. You can say, Who is seeing me? I can close my eyes. They are becoming
painful. You can deceive yourself then you have fallen into sleep. No deception
is sleep. Dont deceive yourself, because no one else is concerned. It is up to you. If
you can be frozen for a single moment you will begin to see yourself as different,
and your center will become aware of your frozen body.
There are other ways. For example, Mahavir and his tradition have used fasting as
a method to awaken the Self. If you fast, the body begins to demand, the body
begins to overpower you. Mahavir has said, Just witness dont do anything. You
feel hungry, so feel hungry. The body asks for food be a witness to it, dont do
anything. Just be a witness to whatsoever is happening. And it is a deep thing.
There are only two deep things in the body sex and food. Nothing is more than
these two, because food is needed for individual survival and sex is needed for race
survival. Both are survival mechanisms. The individual cannot survive without food
and the race cannot survive without sex. So sex is food for the race and food is sex
for the individual. These are the deepest things because they are concerned with
your survival the most basic things. You will die without them.
So if you are fasting and just witnessing, then you have touched the deepest sleep.
And if you can witness without being identified or bothered the body is suffering,
the body is hungry, the body is demanding and you are just witnessing suddenly
the body will be different. There will be a discontinuity between you and the body;
there will be a gap.
Fasting has been used by Mahavir. Mohammedans have used vigilance in the night
no sleep!
Dont sleep for a week and then you will know how sleepy the whole being becomes,
how difficult it is to maintain this vigilance. But if one persists, suddenly a moment
comes when the body and you are torn apart. Then you can see that the body needs
sleep it is not your need.
Many are the methods to work directly to create more awareness in yourself, to
bring yourself above your so-called sleepy existence. No surrender is needed.
Rather, one has to fight against surrender. No surrender is needed, because this is a
path of struggle not of surrender. Because of this path, Mahavir was given the name
Mahavir. Mahavir means the great warrior. This was not his name. His name
was Vardhaman. He was called Mahavir because he was a great warrior as far as
this inner struggle is concerned. He had no Guru, no Master, because it is a lonely
path. Even to take somebodys help is not good it may become your sleep.
There is a story: Mahavir was fasting and remaining silent for years together. In a
certain village some mischievous people were disturbing him, harassing him, and
he was on a vow of silence.
He was beaten so many times because he would not speak and he remained naked
completely naked. So the villagers were at a loss to understand who he was. And
he would not speak! And moreover he was naked! So from one village to another
village he would be thrown out, made to leave the village.
The story says Indra, the King of gods, came to him and said to Mahavir, I can
defend you. It has become so painful. You are being beaten unnecessarily, so just
allow me to defend you.
Mahavir rejected the help. Later on, when he was asked why he rejected the help,
he said, This path of will is a lonely path. You cannot even have a helper with you
because then the struggle loosens. Then the struggle becomes partial. Then you can
depend on someone else, and wherever there is dependence sleep comes in. One
has to be totally independent; only then can one be awake.
This is one path, one basic attitude.
All these methods of witnessing belong to this path. So when I say, Be a witness.
it is meant for those who are travellers on the path of will.
Quite the opposite is the method of surrender. Surrender is concerned with your
ego, not with your Self. In surrender you have to give up yourself. Of course, you
cannot give the Self; that is impossible.
Whatsoever you can give is bound to be your ego. Only the ego can be given
because it is just incidental to you. It is not even a part of your being, just
something added. It is a possession. Of course, the possessor has also become
possessed by it. But it is a possession, it is a property it is not you.
The path of surrender says, Surrender your ego to the Teacher, to the Divine, to a
Buddha. When someone comes to Buddha and says, Buddham Sharanam
Gauchhami I take shelter at your feet. I surrender myself at Buddhas feet, what
is he doing? The Self cannot be surrendered, so leave it out. Whatsoever you can
surrender is your ego. That is your possession; you can surrender it. If you can
surrender your ego to someone, it makes no difference to whom X, Y or Z. The
On the path of surrender, surrendering is the only technique. There are many
techniques on the path of will, because you can make many efforts to awaken
yourself. But when one is just to surrender, there are no methods.
One day a man came to Ramakrishna. He wanted to donate one thousand gold
coins to Ramakrishna. Ramakrishna said, I dont need them, but when you have
taken such a big burden from your house to Dakshineshwar, to my hut, it will not
be good to carry it back again. Mm? It will be unnecessary. So just go to the
Ganges and throw it in.
The man, of course, was in a very deep difficulty, great difficulty. What to do? He
hesitated, so Ramakrishna said, You have donated them to me, now they do not
belong to you. I order you! Go to the Ganges and throw them! So he had to.
He went to the Ganges but did not return. One hour passed. Ramakrishna asked
someone, Where has that man gone? Go and find out! So some disciples went and
he was brought back. Ramakrishna asked, Such a long time? What were you
doing?
So the persons who had gone to find him said, He was counting them and
throwing one piece at a time one, two, three one thousand pieces. He would
look at a gold coin, count it and then he would throw it. So Ramakrishna said,
What nonsense! When one is to throw, there is no need to count. When one
accumulates, there is a need to count; you have to know how many coins you have.
But when you have gone to throw them, why waste time in counting? You can just
throw!
Surrendering is throwing the ego. There is no counting and there are no methods.
You just throw it. It itself is the technique. On the path of surrender, surrender is
the path and surrender is the technique. On the path of will, will is the path and
there are many techniques to work it out.
But surrender is simple in a way. You throw it! The moment you throw your ego
and only the ego can be thrown suddenly you become aware, aware of your inner
center. You reach the same point, but through a very diverse path.
One thing more to be understood and that has been asked: whether to be aware or
to be lost in something. Whenever I talk of surrender, I talk of being lost in
something. A Meera dancing: she is not aware that she is dancing she has become
the dance. There is no gap. She has surrendered her ego completely. There is
dancing she is not aware; she is completely lost in it. When you are absorbed
totally then you are in surrender absorbed totally. But only the ego can be
absorbed only the ego! And when the ego is absorbed, the Self is there in its total
purity.
But that is not the concern. On the path of surrender that is not the concern! Meera
is not concerned with awareness, with consciousness no. She is concerned with
being completely unconscious in the Divine dance or in the Divine song with
being lost totally in it. To lose oneself totally. That which cannot be lost will be
there, of course, but it is not the concern.
On the path of will, ego is not the concern the Self is. On the path of surrender,
the Self is not the concern. Remember this difference of emphasis, this difference of
focusing. Thats why there is so much controversy, so much controversy, between a
devotee and a yogi, a bhakta and a yogi.
The yogi is on the path of will and the bhakta is on the path of surrender, so they
speak totally different languages. There is no bridge. The yogi is trying to be, and
the bhakta is trying not to be. The yogi is trying to be aware and the bhakta is trying
to be totally lost.
Of course, they are bound to speak diametrically opposite languages, and there is
much controversy, much argument. But those arguments and those controversies
do not really belong to a real devotee or to a real yogi: they belong to scholars, to
academicians. Those who think about devotion and about yoga, they go on
discussing problems and then there is no meeting point because that meeting
point is reached only through experience. If you stick to the terms and the jargon
used, then you will be confused.
A Chaitanya, a bhakta, cannot speak the language of Mahavir. They dont belong to
the same path. They reach to the same point ultimately, but they never travel the
same path. So their experiences of the path are bound to be different. The ultimate
ecstasy will be the same, but that cannot be said; that is the problem. The ultimate
experience will be the same, but that is inexpressible. And whatsoever is
expressible is just experiences on the path, and they are found to be difficult and
opposite.
A Mahavir will become more and more centered on the path, more and more one
Self and Chaitanya will be less and less oneself on the path. He will go on throwing
himself unto the Divine feet. To Mahavir it will look like suicide, and to Chaitanya,
Mahavirs path will look a very egoistic thing.
Mahavir says there is no God, so dont surrender. Really, Mahavir denies God only
to make surrender impossible. If yoga proposes God as a device, Mahavir proposes
no God, again as a device a device on the path of will. If there is God, then you
cannot proceed on the path of will. It is difficult, because if there is a God then
something is more potent than you, more powerful than you. Then something is
more high than you, so how can you be authentically your Self?
So the first thing for the seeker is to determine to what type he belongs, what he is,
what will be good for him, and what his inner inclination is. Can he surrender? Can
you surrender? Can you efface your ego? If that is possible, then simple surrender
can do. But it is not so simple very difficult. To efface the ego is not so simple. To
put someone higher than you, to put someone as a God and then surrender very
difficult! Nietzsche has said: I would like to be in hell if I can be the first there. I
would not like to be in heaven if I am put second to anyone there. To be in hell is
good if one can be the first.
Bayazid was a great Sufi mystic. He had a big monastery and many seekers from
many parts of the world would come to him. One day a person came and he said, I
want to be here in your monastery. I want to be one of your inmates.
Bayazid said to the man, We have two types of inmates: one type who are
disciples, another type who are teachers. To which would you like to belong?
The person had come to find Truth. He said, Give me a little time to think about
it.
So Bayazid said, There is no need you have thought about it. Tell me!
So he said, It will be better if I can belong to the group of teachers.
He had come to seek, but he wanted to belong to the group of teachers, not to the
disciples. So Bayazid said, That second group of teachers doesnt exist in my
monastery Mm? That was just a trick. So you can go. Your path is of the disciples,
those who can surrender. So you are not for us and we are not for you.
The man said. If that is the case, then I can belong to the disciples.
And Ebrahim said, I myself feel a sudden change. I am a different person. But
how, miraculously, have you changed me? The whole city was laughing I was just
mad.
This is surrender. Then surrendering is enough. It is a sudden method, it can work
in a moment, it can explode you in a moment.
On the surface it looks easy that one has not to do anything, just to surrender.
Then you do not know what surrendering means. It can mean anything. If the
Teacher says, Jump into the sea! then there should be no hesitation.
Surrendering means, Now I am not now you are. Do whatsoever you like.
In Egypt there was a mystic, Dhun-Nun. When he was with his Teacher, he came to
ask a certain question. The Teacher said, Unless I say to you, Ask, dont ask, and
wait. For twelve years Dhun-Nun was waiting. He would come daily in the
morning the first man to enter the hut of the Teacher. He would sit there. Many,
many others would come to ask and they would be answered. And the Teacher
didnt say to anyone again, Wait! It was too much. And that man Dhun-Nun was
waiting for twelve years. He was not allowed to ask. So that was the first thing he
uttered, I want to ask a certain question, and the Teacher said, You wait unless
I tell you to ask, you cannot ask. Wait!
For twelve years he waited. The Teacher wouldnt even look at him; the Teacher
wouldnt even give any hint that he was going to let him ask. He completely forgot
that Dhun-Nun exists. And Dhun-Nun waited day and night for twelve years. Then
one day the Teacher moved to him and said, Dhun-Nun but now you need not
ask. You had come to ask a certain question. Now I allow you, but I think now you
need not ask.
Dhun-Nun bowed, touched the Teachers feet and said, You have given me answer
enough.
What had happened to Dhun-Nun? You cannot wait twelve years unless you have
surrendered totally. Then doubts are bound to arise whether you have become a
madman, whether he has forgotten you completely. And to no one else was the
Teacher saying Wait! For twelve years, thousands and thousands of people would
come and ask and he would answer. And this would go on continuously, day after
day, and the man waited. It was a total trust. The Teacher said, Now you need not
ask.
And Dhun-Nun said, There is no question left. These twelve years, what a miracle
you did with me! You did not even look at me. What a miracle! You did not even
give a hint!
Surrender means total trust. Then you are not needed. If you cannot give total
trust, if you cannot surrender, then the only way is the path of will. But dont be
confused. I know so many people going around and around confused. They would
like something to happen to them just like what happens on the path of surrender,
but they are not ready to surrender. They would like to behave like a man of will
and would like something to happen as it happens on the path of surrender.
Only yesterday I received a letter, and I receive many letters like that. The letterwriter says, I want to learn much from you. But I cannot accept you as my Guru. I
want to come and live with you, but I cannot become your disciple. What is he
saying? He wants to gain something just like one gains in surrender, but he wants
to be intact as far as his will is concerned. This is impossible! One has to choose
and everything is just a device.
Two or three days ago, some friends came and they said to me, People call you
God why do you accept it?
I told them, It may be helpful to them. It is not your concern. They couldnt
understand because for them everything is a fact. Either it is or it is not. To me,
everything is a device.
If someone has come to me to surrender, then a certain device is needed for him.
And if someone has come not to surrender, then that device is useless for him, it is
meaningless. But be clear about what you are and what you are trying to find out
and how you want to find it out. Can you give up your ego? Then no need of
awareness. Then you need a deep absorption. Be absorbed dissolve! Dont be.
Forget! Rather than remembering, forgetting. Mm? I told you that Gurdjieff said
remembering is the method. For Meera, for Chaitanya, forgetting is the method:
not SMRITI not remembering; but VISMRITI forgetting. Forget yourself
completely, efface yourself completely!
And if that is not possible for you, then make every effort to be awake. Then dont
lose yourself in anything not even in music. Mohammed was totally against music
only because of this: on the path of will, music is a hindrance because you can
forget yourself in it. So dont forget yourself in anything, dont lose yourself. But
then use techniques to be more and more awake, more and more alert, more and
more attentive, more and more conscious.
And remember one thing: you cannot do both. If you are doing both, then you will
be very much confused and your effort will be wasted, and your energy will be
unnecessarily dissipated. Choose, and then stick to it. Only then can something
happen. It is a long process and arduous. And there are no shortcuts. All the
shortcuts are deceptions. But because everyone is lethargic and everyone wants
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Difficulties for Spiritual Seekers, Before and After Enlightenment - Baba Purnanand
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