The total amount of heat energy that must be removed from a system by a cooling mechanism in a unit

time equal to rate at which heat is generated by people, machinery, and processes, plus the net flow of
heat into the system not associated with the cooling machinery.

Cooling Load Calculation

The following methods have been developed for cooling load calculation1) Total Equivalent Temperature Difference. (TETD) Method
2) Cooling Load Transfer Function Method (TFM)
3) Cooling Load Temperature Difference (CLTD) Method.
I applied here the third method that is Cooling Load Temperature Difference (CLTD) Method. For
calculating the cooling load of that particular room. The total process and calculations are given bellow.

Assumptions
Walls:
Roof:
Window glass:
Lighting:
Occupancy:
Other power equipment:

140 mm brick
200 mm brick
13.5 mm clear plate glass
4 pieces of tube light (per light 40 watt)
15 people
printer (14 watts), 2 set of Computer (300 watts per set), 2 pieces of Fan
(75 watt per piece), Photocopy machine (1 kW)

All dimensions are in meter

Several loads to be calculated for summing the total cooling load. Loads are- Transmission load, solar
heat gain, internal load, occupancy.

Location Statistics
For Chittagong
-

[N 220 21] [E 910 50]

Elevation: 27 m above sea.
Standard pressure at elevation: 1 bar
Maximum dry bulb temperature: 320 C
Maximum wet bulb temperature: 270 C
Recommended design load temperature for office is 25.50 C

Transmission Load Calculation

Q= UA (CLTD)
U= Overall heat transfer coefficient. (kW/m2K)
A= Area of roof and wall (m2)
CLTD= Cooling load temperature difference. (oC)

Area Calculation
Wall area with window
A= width height [Considering 10 ft roof height]
North
93= 27 m2
East
7.53= 22.66 m2
West
7.53= 22.66 m2
South
93= 27 m2
Window area
2 windows are there, one is (0.604 m 1.81 m) and the other one is (1.21 m 1.81 m). All 2 windows
are mounted at the North wall side of the room.
Window 1 area
0.6041.81= 1.09 m2
Window 2 area
1.211.81= 2.19 m2
Total Window Area= 3.28 m2
Roof area
97.5= 67.5 m2
Door Area
Considering one door at the south side wall, 1.51 m 1.81 m)
There for, door area
1.511.81= 2.74 m2

Actual Area of the wall

North
East
West
South

(27-1.09-2.19) m2 = 23.72 m2
22.66 m2
22.66 m2
(27-2.74) m2 = 24.26 m2

U value calculation
U value calculation for roof
Component
Outside air film

R (m2K/W)
0.004

200 mm brick

0.625

Inside air film

0.160

Reference
ASHRAE Fundamentals 1989,
Table 1
ASHRAE Fundamentals 1989,
Table 4
ASHRAE Fundamentals 1989,
Table 1

Total 0.789
U= 1/R= 1/0.789= 1.27 W/ m2K
U value calculation for wall
Component
Outside air film

R (m2K/W)
0.004

140 mm brick

0.44

Inside air film

0.120
Total 0.56

U= 1/R= 1/0.56= 1.79 W/ m2K

CLTD correction calculation

CLTD (corrected) = (CLTD+LM) k + (25.5-Tr) + (T-29.4) f

LM= Latitude month correction.
K= Color adjustment. (for light color k is 1)
Tr= Design room temperature. (25.5o C)
T= Average outdoor temperature. (oC)
f= attic fan factor (1 for no attic fan, 0.75 for positive attic ventilation)

Reference
ASHRAE Fundamentals 1989,
Table 1
ASHRAE Fundamentals 1989,
Table 4
ASHRAE Fundamentals 1989,
Table 1

Exposure

N
E
S
W
Roof

CLTD
(ASHRAE
Table
31)
7
15
11
11
36

LM
(ASHRAE
Table
32)
6.6
-1.6
-4.4
-1.6
-2.7

25.5

Tr

To

29.4

CLTDc

1
1
1
1
1

25.5
25.5
25.5
25.5
25.5

25.5
25.5
25.5
25.5
25.5

28
28
28
28
28

29.4
29.4
29.4
29.4
29.4

1
1
1
1
1

12.2
12
5.2
8
31.9

Now total transmission load

Item
Wall

Description
North
South
East
West

Roof
Glass

Area (m2)
23.72
24.26
22.66
22.66
67.5
3.28

U Factor (W/ m2K)

1.79
1.79
1.79
1.79
1.27
6.30

CLTDc (o C)
12.2
5.2
12
8
31.9
7
Total

Solar Heat Gain

Q (SHG) = A (SC) (SHGF) (CLF)

A= Open glass area. (m2)
SC= Shading coefficient.
SHGF= Solar heat gain factor.
CLF= Cooling load factor.
Description

Area (m2)

Shading Coefficient
(ASHRAE Table 20)

North

3.28

0.88

Internal Load

Q= P (CLF)
P= Input operating power (W)
CLF= Cooling load factor

SHGF
(ASHRAE
Table 34)
407

CLF

QSHG (W)

0.75

881.07

QTransmission (W)
518
225.82
486.74
324.5
2746.78
144.65
4446.49

Item

Input (W)

4 pieces of tube light

Printer
Computer
Fan
Photocopy Machine

160
14
600
150
10000

CLF (ASHRAE Table 41,

42, 45)
.81
1
1
1
1
Total

Q (W)
129.6
14
600
150
10000
1893

Occupancy

Q= N G (CLF)
N= Number of occupant.
G= Sensible or latent heat. (W)
CLF= Cooling load factor. (Dimensionless for people)

Sensible
Latent

Number
15
15

SHG
75

LHG
55

CLF
1
1

Q
1125
825
Total 1950

Total Cooling Load Summation

Load
Transmission Load
Solar Heat Gain
Internal Load
Occupancy

Q (W)
4446.9
881.07
1893
1950
In Total 9170.97

So the total load is 9170.97 watt converting this to Air conditioning unit ton we get 2.61 Ton, so we
need to select an air conditioning system around 2.5 to 3 ton.