Professional Documents
Culture Documents
(Vehicle Tires)
主講人: 林海平 教授
PI861117.PPT#3
Tire Functions
y Tire functions:
-- supports the vertical load: cushioning, z direction
-- develops longitudinal forces: accleration & braking,
x direction
-- develops lateral forces: cornering, y direction
y Non-linear system: visco-elastic material
-- Tyre modeling is difficult
Tyre construction
Tyre construction
y bias-ply: trucks
-- angle of cords on carcass is not vertical
-- greater angle: soft for ride comfort
-- smaller angle: best for directional stability
y radial: passenger cars
-- flexible sidewall and a soft ride, but no
directional stability, directional stability is
supplied by belts.
Force Generation
y Friction Coefficient µ
(tractive force / normal
load)
y µ p : peak
µ s :slide
Tractive Properties
y µ and µ s are function of some variables
p
-- vertical load:
-- inflation pressure, p:
dry: not so sensitive
wet: p ↗, µ ↗
-- road surface: skid number
-- speed: V ↗, µ ↘
wet sensitive: at high speed, the
difficult of displacing water in contact
patch.
Lateral Force
y Slip Angle α :
--Fy: net lateral force
--e: pneumatic trail
--Mz: aligning moment, M z = Fy * e
Lateral Force Response to Steer Input
y Cornering stiffness
y Cornering coefficient
Other effects on cornering properties
y Camber stiffness
y Camber coefficient
Aligning Moment
y S ↗, Fy ↘
y α ↗, Fx ↘
The End
敬請指教