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1.

EMILIO AGUINALDO (1899-1901)


- First and only president of the first
republic(Malolo Republic)
- Signed the pact of Biak-na-Bato,
creating truce between Spanish
and Phil Revolutionaries.
- President of Revolutionary
Government
- Youngest General of Hukong
Sandatahan
- Ang Magiting na Heneral
- Youngest President (28 y/o)
2. MANUEL L. QUEZON (1935-1944)
- First senate-president elected as
president of the commonwealth of
the Philippines.
- Social Justice Policy
- Father of National Language
- First senate president elected as
president of the philippines
- Approved tagalog/Filipino as
national language
3. JOSE P. LAUREL (1943-1945)
- Criticized as traitor. Indictment for
treason.
- Since early 1960s, he is consider
as the legitimate president of the
Philippines.
- Organized KALIBAPI (KAPISANAN
SA PAGLILINGKOD SA BAGONG
PILIPINAS)
o KALIBAPI-a provincial
government during Japan
occupation
- Established the Lyceum of the
Philippines
4. SERGIO OSMENA (1944-1946)
- Second president of the
Commonwealth.
- Oldest president at 65 y/o until
Duterte happened
- Joined with Gen. Douglas
McArthur in Leyte on October 20,
1944 to begin restoration of
Philippines freedom after Japanese
Occupation.
- Philippines National Bank was
rehabilitated and During his
presidency, the Philippines joined
the INTERNATIONAL MONETARY
FUND.

Bell Trade Act was approved by US


Congress.

5. MANUEL ROXAS (1946-1948)


- Third and last president of the
commonwealth.
- First president of the third republic
of the philippines.
- Reconstruction from war damage
and life without foreign rule began
during his presidency.
- Philippine Rehabilitation Act and
Philippine Trade Act were
accepted.
- Appears on 100-peso bill
6. ELPIDIO QUIRINO (1948-1953)
- Served as VP of Manuel Roxas.
When Roxas died in 1948, he
became the president.
- Hukbalahap guerrilla movement
active
- Created Social Security
Commission
- Created Integrity Board to
monitor graft and corruption.
- Quezon City became a capital city
of the Philippines in 1948.
7. RAMON MAGSAYSAY (1953-1957)
- Hukbalahap movement quelled
during his presidency
- Chairman of the Committee on
Guerrilla Affairs
- First president sworn on wearing
BARONG TAGALOG
- Established NARRA among his
agrarian reforms
- Allow Filipino masses to enter
Presidents House
- Cleanest and zero-corruption
during his presidency

8. CARLOS P. GARCIA (1957 1961)


- adopted the Filipino First Policy
- he established the Austerity
Program focusing on Filipino trade
and commerce
- recognized and dubbed as the
Prince of Visayan Poets and the
bard from Bohol
- cultural arts was strongly
promoted during his term of

tenure which was his nature as a


leader
the first president whose remains
were buried in the "Libingan ng
mga Bayani"

9. DIOSDADO MACAPAGAL (1961


1965)
- established the first Land Reform
Law
- was popular with farmers in his
time
- he placed the Philippines currency
peso, on the currency exchange
market
- declared June 12 in 1898 as the
Philippines official Independence
Day
- Minimum Wage Law signatory
- signatory to the creation of the
Philippine Veterans Bank
10.
FERDINAND MARCOS (1965
1986)
- Senate President for 3, the first
president to win a second term
- 21 years of presidency
- declared Martial Law on Sept. 22,
1972
- led the Philippines in 1986 to
become one of the most indebted
countries in Asia thru IMF World
bank funds
11.
CORAZON AQUINO (1986
1992)
- The first woman president of the
Philippines and Asia.
- was named Time Magazine's
Woman of the Year in 1986 after
EDSA revolution (People Power)
- signatory to Family Code of 1987
and 1191 Local Government Code

12.
FIDEL V. RAMOS (1992
1998)
-

Known as FVR

during his reign, the country was


cited as Asias Next Economic
Tiger because he brought back
economic growth

the Philippines celebrated


Centennial Independence in 1998

the only Filipino who received


British Knighthood from the United
Kingdom, bestowed by Queen
Elizabeth II (Knight Grand Cross of
the Order of St. Michael and St.
George)

led the 4th APEC Summit held in


the Philippines

his Philippines 2000 vision made


the Philippine Stock Exchange one
of the best improving and rising
economies in the world during
mid-90s

Death Penalty was reinstated in


his time

signatory to peace talk agreement


with the MNLF

13.
JOSEPH ESTRADA (1998
2001)
- the MILFs Camp Abubakar
headquarters was reinforced by
the military
- popularized the "erap para sa
mahirap" slogan
- supported against the Charter
Change
- was cited as one of the Three
Outstanding Senators in 1989
- was among the Magnificent 12
who voted for the termination of
US Military

14.
GLORIA MACAPAGAL
ARROYO (2001 2010)
- first president who had oath taking
outside of a president's territory in
Luzon
- Peso became the best performing
currency of the year in Asia in
2007
- eVAT Law was implemented during
her reign as Philippine president
- oakwood mutiny and hello garci
scandal

Establishment of the Universidad Literatura


de Filipinas and other schools
Drafting of the Philippine Constitution
15.
BENIGNO AQUINO III (2010 Declaring war against the United States on
June 12, 1899
2016)
- popularized the no wang-wang
SPANISH GOVERNMENT
policy
- he initiated the K-12 education in
Ferdinan Magellan died in Battle of
the Philippines during his term
Mactan
- tuwid na daan
Miguel Lopez Legazpi- colonized
Philippines

Andres de Urdaneta- priest who


accompanied Legazpi
Manila- Distinguished and ever loyal
city of Spain
Ruy Lopez de Villalobos named the
Philippines Isla Filipinas
333 years- spain reigned over
Philippines
Royal Audiencia supreme court
during Spanish era
Galleon Trade Manila-Acapulco
Trade
Spain's legacy was the conversion of
the people to Catholicism and the
creation of the privileged landed
class.
Suez Canal-connected red sea and
Mediterranean sea.

FIRST PHILIPPINE REPUBLIC


inaugurated in Malolos, Bulacan on January
Gregoria de Jesus- made the first Filipino
21, 1899
flag.
Apolinario Mabini was elected as a prime
minister
Cagayan River
Democratic, republication government with
Rio Grande De Mindanao
largest river in
three branches - the Executive,
phil
Legislative and the judicial branches.
Agusan River
It called for the separation of church and
state.
Laguna De Bay- Heartshaped Lake
The executive powers were to be
Maria Christina Falls- biggest waterfalls
exercise by the president of the republic
Pagsanjan Falls- most popular waterfalls
with the help of his cabinet.
Mount Everest- highest mountain in the

Judicial
powers were given to the
world
Supreme Court and other lower courts to
Mauna Kea-tallest mountain
be created by law.
Chimborazo- highest above the center of

The
Chief justice of the Supreme Court
the Earth
was to be elected by the legislature with
the concurrence of the President and his
MALOLOS Government (Revolutionary
Cabinet.
Government)
In September 29, 1898, ratified the
declaration of Philippine independence
held at Kawit, Cavite on June 12, 1898
Passage of a law that allowed the
Philippines to borrow P 20 million from
banks for government expenses

Propaganda Movement
-aims for equality of FILIPINOS AND
SPANIARDS

- to seek reforms and inform Spain of the


abuses of its colonial government.
- Recognition of the Philippines as a
province of Spain
- Equal status for both Filipinos and
Spaniards
- Philippine representation in the Spanish
Cortes
- Secularization of Philippine parishes.
- Recognition of human rights
- never asked for Philippine independence

William Taft- first American civil


Governor-General of the Philippines
and later became President of US.
Cayetano Arellano- first Filipino to
hold a high position of government
he was named Chief Justice of the
Supreme Court

MARTIAL LAW
Sept.21, 1972-proclamation of Martial
Law(Proclamation 1081)
KKK
Andres Bonifacio- founder of KKK
-executed at Foothills of Mt. Buntis
by Major Lazaro Macapagal on May
10 1897.
July 7, 1892- KKK was founded
Sanduguan-symbol of members
loyalty.
Triangle System-way of recruitment
Gregoria De Jesus- Muse of KKK
Oriang
Melchora Aquino-Tandang
Sora.Mother of Katipunan
Emilio Jacinto- Utak ng Katipunan
Teodoro Plata- thought it was too
soon for a revolution
CRY OF PUGADLAWIN- men shouting
Mabuhay ang PILIPINAS
Cavite-center of revolution

Goal:
to completely separate the
Philippines from Spain after declaring
the countrys independence.
to teach the Filipinos good
manners, cleanliness, hygiene, fine
morals, and how to guard themselves
against religious fanaticism..
to encourage Filipinos to help
themselves and to defend the poor
oppressed.

Fall of Bataan-April 9 , 1942


Fall of Corregidor March, 1942
The Philippine Bill of 1902 - Cooper Act
- The bill proposed the creation and
administration of a civil
government in the Philippines.
President Theodore Roosevelt
signed it into law in July 2, 1902
The Tydings-McDuffie Law (Phil
independence act) provided for the
establishment of the Commonwealth
government for a period of ten years
preparatory to the granting of
Independence
. The Jones Law or the Philippine
Autonomy act, Replace the
Philippine bill of 1902 as the
framework of the Philippine
government. It provide for the
creation of the executive powers.
La Liga Filipina- civic organization
proposed by jose Rizal.
Jose Rizal - full name: Jose Protacio
Mercado Rizal y Alonzo
Governor General Eulogio Despujol ordered Rizals deportation to
Dapitan.
La Solaridad- Propaganda
movements newspaper.
Nov. 15, 1895- first issue of the Lo
Solaridad
Hukbalahap- guerrilla movements .
Peoples Anti-Japanese Army
Luis taruc- leader of Hukbalahap
Battle of Leyte Gulf- the biggest naval
battle in World History.
Tomoyuki Yamashita- tiger of Malaya
General Antonio Luna, acknowledged
as the best and most brilliant military
strategist of the Philippine
Revolution.
General Wesley Merritt- first American
Military governor of the Philippines.
February 25, 1896- EDSA Peoples power
revolution

The Battle of Manila Bay is


considered one of the easiest
encounters ever won in world history.
George Dewey- led the battle of
Manila bay
Martin De Goiti- led the first Spanish
expedition to manila.

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