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NO.

Correct
c.
b.
c.
d.
b.
d.
b.
a.
d.
d.
a.
a.
a.
d.
b.
c.
d.
c.
d.
d.
a.
b.
a.
a.
a.
a.
d.
a.
b.
a.
a.
d.
b.

Explain:
start = begin = commence

SHOUT = yell n a very loud voice

TALK something OVER = discuss it

TIGHT = not loose, too restricting, hard to move
INJURE = to hurt
GASOLINE is fuel. Beverages are liquids you drink.
OPPORTUNITY = chance, occasion
PLEASED = happy, not angry, very satisfied
THUMB = one of the five fingers on the hand. One of the "digits" on your hand.
drapes = curtains he

cloth hangings over the windows

angry = upset = mad = furious = very unhappy

couch = sofa = davenport = a long piece of furniture that can seat 3 or 4 adults and it's long enough for people to sleep on it.
filthy = dirty = messy = not clean
dense = thick = heavy = not light
to pick out = choose = select
rapidly = quickly = fast = not slowly
final = last = ultimate
A fan has blades that rotate and circulate air, cooling the air of the room.
ALWAYS (100% of the time) is the opposite of "NEVER" (0 % of the time).
cash = money
modals HAVE TO = MUST requirement mandatory
difficult = hard = not easy
So the opposite of "difficult" is "easy."
unusual = strange = odd = not common
modals ought to = should (advice, recommendation)
mad = angry = very upset = very unhappy
cancel = call off
((postpone = put off))
blurry = not clear = not focused = not sharp
runway = landing strip for airplanes
link = connection = one thing is joined to another thing
RAG = an old piece of worn, torn, or faded cloth used for utility or clean-up work
runway = a landing strip for aircraft
SHARE = part = portion
to start = to begin = to commence

NO.

Correct
a.
b.
a.
b.
a.
a.
d.
a.
d.
d.
a.
a.
a.
b.
c.
a.
d.
a.
a.
c.
d.
b.
c.
c.
c.
a.
d.
d.
d.
c.
a.
d.
a.

Explain:
fast = quick = rapid
usual = common = regular = ordinary
Injured = hurt = wound = cause pain to
A FLAW is a mistake, error, something wrong.
The SKULL is the round protective BONE area covering and protecting your BRAIN.
STARVING means very hungry, to the point of weakness and collapse.
to account for = explain = give reasons for why something is the way it is
LAME means walking with difficulty because of problems with a leg, a foot, an ankle, the toes.
The bow is the front end of a ship. Rear and aft refer to the back part of a ship. The galley is the kitchen of a ship.
risky = dangerous = hazardous = unsafe
ample = quite sufficient = a lot = enough = abundant
sour = bad = not good = gone bad (for milk) SOUR (for lemon or lime) means TART, TANGY, "attacks" the tongue
DROWN = to die by suffocation in liquid
CROP = something grown for harvesting
STARE = to look at something or someone for a long period of time
POWDER = fine dust It can be legal medicine (headache powders, foot powder, talcum powder, baby powder) akeup (face powder) or
DRUGS (cocaine, heroin)

FLEE = run away from = escape from

FLEE FLED FLED
STEEP = greatly inclined ar from level
DEAF = cannot hear
WAGES = salary = the money you earn from working
BROOM = a device used when you SWEEP an area
SLACKS = TROUSERS, good pants
two-word verb TO CATCH ON = to learn, to understand, to comprehend
RAW = uncooked, not cooked at all rare = cooked a little bit
TO RUN INTO = MEET BY CHANCE
RARELY = SELDOM, not very often, only once in a blue moon
RADIUS = half of the diameter
THINK OVER = consider, think about it seriously, don't refuse it yet
COARSE = rough, not smooth, very grainy to the touch
TIN = a light METAL
SCENERY = scenes of natural, especially the mountains and trees, hills and vast skies, rocks, all the colors grouped like a picture.
MUSTARD = a yellow "sauce" that we sometimes put on our hamburgers and hot dogs
YET = but, however, still, on the other hand

NO.

Correct
b.
b.
c.
c.
c.
b.
b.
c.
a.
a.
a.
d.
a.
b.
d.
d.
b.
d.
a.
c.
d.
c.
a.
d.
b.
d.
b.
d.
b.
a.
d.
b.
a.

Explain:
REJECT = REFUSE, turn down, say "no" to
FOND OF = love something like it a lot
A WRENCH is a tool for tightening and loosening.
Water boils at 212 degrees F (100 degrees C.).
DEFEAT = BEAT. The Green Team WON the game. They DEFEATED the other team.
CAUTION = WARN, verbal admonition
SUMMIT = peak, highest point, the top point, apex
CROWD = large group of people,
PROMPTLY = right away, immediately, no delay, as soon as possible
promptly = right away = quickly = as soon as possible = without delay
abroad = in a foreign country, especially after crossing a large body of water
grip = to hold tightly
count on = rely on = depend on
go over = review = look at again = study
to investigate = to look into = to search for evidence
discard = throw away = throw out = toss out = toss away = to get rid of
to mention = to bring a subject up = to introduce a topic in the discussion
carry out = to accomplish = to do = to completely conclude something
A frog hops. Snakes crawl. Sharks swim. Hummingbirds fly and hover.
A rooster is a male chicken, an animal, not a tool.
depressed = sad = unhappy
QUITE = very = extremely = a lot
Lonely = alone = not with other people
over = above
rarely = seldom = almost never = hardly ever
to make up a story is to CREATE it.
wallet = billfold
A small thing we carry our paper money (dollar bills) in
elderly = old = aged
mild = moderate = not extreme = in the middle of a range
filthy = dirty = messy = not orderly = not clean
rotten = spoiled = not good = probably cannot be eaten
The ribs are located in the upper torso, in the chest and sides area.
persuade = convince = to get someone to change his or her mind about something

NO.

Correct
b.
c.
a.
a.
b.
d.
b.
a.
a.
c.
c.
b.
b.
c.
b.
c.
a.
b.
a.
b.
b.
a.
a.
b.
c.
b.
a.
d.
a.
c.
d.
c.
a.

Explain:
phrasal verb exist on = live on = subsist on = survive on Can a prisoner EXIST ON nothing but bread and water for six months?
flammable = it WILL burn
NONflammable = it will NOT burn
Do not be tricked: inflammable is NOT a negative; it means "it will go up IN
flames.

FLAMMABLE and INFLAMMABLE mean the SAME THING!

salary = wages = money earned for doing work

punch = make a hole in
Punch can also mean to hit with the fist.
SLAM = to hit with a lot of force. The car SLAMMED into the wall at 90 miles per hour.
fully = completely = thoroughly = 100%
mess up = ruin = make a mistake = fouled up
lease = rent
You sign a contract and rent something big and important like a house, an apartment, an airplane, a car
bare = naked = not covered with clothing = exposed
vague = not clear = difficult to understand
vague = not clear = unclear = not precise = hard to understand
link = connecting = something that joins two things
PEAR = a fruit, similar to an apple (usually sweet and yellow)
to forgive = to pardon
combine = mix = put together
not rich = poor = not wealthy = not much money
to scare = frighten = terrify = make afraid
molars = the back teeth
impolite = NOT polite = rude = not kind = not nice to other people
blizzard = a lot of snow driven by strong winds
An AISLE is a long narrow space between chairs, usually in a theater, in a church, in an auditorium
TRIM is CUT. (The barber TRIMMED my hair.)
BUNDLE = package, stack (usually tied neatly with a rope or string)
TRAITS = distinguishing characteristics
ERRATIC = not consistent, changing wildly and quickly
The SHIN is part of the leg, the front part between the knee and the foot. Do not confuse it with CHIN, which is part of your face.
surge = a sudden, strong increase
The CORE is the center of something. The core of the earth is very hot.
The KNUCKLES are joints in your fingers. Have you ever been socked in the jaw by someone who was wearing BRASS KNUCKLES?
LOOT is something valuable--money, treasure, jewels, gold, etc.
SPINTERS are very small pieces of wood, created when you are whittling, sawing, chopping

STINGY = miserly = not generous = doesn't want to help others

ANNOY = bother = irritate = vex = make unhappy

NO.

Correct
b.
c.
d.
a.
d.
a.
c.
b.
d.
d.
c.
b.
a.
c.
c.
a.
b.
c.
b.
a.
a.
a.
b.
d.
c.
d.
c.
d.
b.
c.
a.
a.
a.

Explain:
GRIPE = complain = say negative things = kvetch
PROHIBIT = forbid, not allow, refuse to give permission to do something
INFLAMMABLE = will burn. IN- is not a negative prefix here. It means the liquid is capable of going up IN FLAMES. The negative is
NONFLAMMABLE.

TO SPOT = to see, to detect, to discern at a distance

FIB = to tell a lie, not tell the truth, a "little lie," not a serious untruth
DENT = slight damage, especially to metal, when it is hit by something
SEND FOR = to order something through the mail system
AMOUNT TO =COME TO numerical totals
HOVER = to stay in the air in one stationary place (for a while)
DROP OFF = to fall asleep (while sitting up in a chair)
TRANSFER OWNSERSHIP = turn over, pass the legal ownership to, pass the responsibility to someone else
QUARREL = argue, verbal fighting, disagreeing loudly
TAKE ON = accept, agree to perform extra work
RIPE = mature, ready to be picked and eaten
STRAWBERRY = a red berry
TUMBLE = to fall, sometimes rolling head over heels
THINK UP = create, invent, make up
STORE = put away, put in storage, put out-of-sight, maybe in the closet or in a trunk
TRACE = a very small amount of something
CORPSE = dead person, body (dead body)
ABRUPT =very quick, fast, unexpected, discomforting
WRECK = destroy, ruin completely, can't be used any more
CRUMBLE = to fall into little pieces
BEYOND = past, on the far side of
TASK = job, chore, duty, assignment
STRESS = emphasize, highlight
TERRIBLY = AWFULLY, extremely, quite, very
(The key word here is "good," not "terrible.")
TIED = to be even, to be the same. The score was TIED at 2-2. His home run in the eleventh inning finally broke the 3-3 tie.
FLUNK = fail ot

pass

GOGGLES = protective eye coverings, used when swimming, working with certain machinery, part of a safety uniform in dangerous jobs
trunk or torso of the body.
The eight "arms" of the octopus are called TENTACLES.
DETER = to try to prevent something from happening
two-word verb to deal with = handle = treat = study or discuss

NO.

Correct
c.
b.
b.
a.

Explain:
A gauge is a tool or measuring device, usually made out of metal. You can't eat it.
DROUGHT = a long period with no rain, when things start to dry up. Crops and animals are going to die because of no water.
CLAWS = the talons = like human fingernails for scratching and clawing A lion has claws.
to be up on = to have knowledge about something, to be well-informed about it. I'm not up on all the new rap singers my friends watch on
MTV.

c.
c.
a.
b.
d.
c.
b.
b.
a.
b.
c.

astonishing = surprising = unexpected = unbelievable

rattle = noise = sound
dazzling = brilliant = impressive = extremely good = great
choke = strangle = stop the passage of air at the throat
gripe = complain = make negative comments
beacon = signal light, especially for aircraft and ships
blizzard = heavy snow and powerful wind
crook = dishonest person = not "straight" = someone who is "crooked"
midget = short = small in stature = not tall
starving = famished = very hungry = about to die from lack of food
square root = a number which can be multiplied by itself to give another number

b.
b.

drought = period of no rain = everything dries up = crops and animals start dying from the lack of rain
discrepancy = inconsistency = something wrong = a disagreement of data = something that doesn't JIBE with other information = something

c.
a.
a.

boost = raise = increase

A booster rocket
a booster shot
I can't reach the highest shelf. Give me a BOOST.
do over = redecorate = improve the appearance of = make something look new again
leak = seep = the very slow, gradual transfer of a liquid from one place to another. The other three answers in this question all have the idea of

b.
b.
b.
a.
a.
d.
c.
b.
d.
b.
d.
b.
b.

nozzle = the end of a pipe or a hose that allows you to control the flow of water.
count on = depend on = rely on
The adjective forms would be DEPENDABLE and RELIABLE.
tease = to torment = to bother = to irritate = to play with in a mean way
LANDLORD or LANDLADY = the person who owns property and charges people rent.
A DOUBT = an uncertainty = not knowing something
SKETCH = a quick drawing = a picture that one draws quickly
INTEGRITY = honesty = sincerity = inner truth = basic morality
SHOVE = push
CROOKED = not straight = slang for dishonest
to ban = to prohibit = to NOT allow = to NOT permit
A bar is usually rectangular onger than it is wide.
exhausted = tired = weary = no energy = fatigued
hatchet = a small ax used for chopping

square root of 81 is 9

7 x 7 = 49, so the SQUARE ROOT of 49 is 7.

The

that is wrong

rapid movement of a lot of water.

NO.

Correct
a.
a.
b.
d.
a.
c.
b.
d.
b.
d.
d.
b.
b.
c.
b.
b.
d.
d.
c.
b.
a.
d.
b.
a.
c.
b.
b.
b.
b.
d.
b.
c.
d.

Explain:
A TRENCH is a long narrow ditch
CLOUT = power, influence
rust = the reddish-brown (almost orange) oxidation that can form on metal when it's exposed to moisture.
to shatter is to break something, especially glass
.
DRENCHED means very very wet aturated
HOIST is to raise something up in the air. You HOIST a flag. A crane can HOIST cargo.
DUCT = a tube, channel, or pipe for the passage of liquids or air. What did the ancient Romans use an AQUEDUCT for?
FURNACE = a large device designed to heat a building.
FADE = losing the color, colors are not bright like they used to be
TRUSTWORTHY = deserves to be trusted, dependable, reliable, you can TRUST him.
CRUMBS = small loose pieces of dry food like bread, cookies, pizza crust, crackers

The knee is the joint in the middle of the leg, just as the ELBOW is the joint in the middle of the arm.
EAVESDROP = secretly listening in on someone else's supposedly-private conversation
PICK UP = learn randomly, acquire, gain by being exposed to
REAR = raise a child, bring a child up, help a child develop
REAL ESTATE = land and property, buildings
REPRIMAND = call down, scold, chew out, say very negative things to
THEREFORE = THUS, so, as a result, because of this, consequently
DEFY = oppose, refuse to obey, go against the orders of
TAKE IN = understand, absorb in the brain, comprehend
RUN FOR = to try to win a political office or position
PERPLEXED = confused, not understanding, baffled, needing an explanation
DREAD = mixture of fear and hatred, strong reluctance based on fear
ACNE = pimple, a skin condition, zits
HILARIOUS = funny, amusing, makes you laugh out loud
FOR GOOD = forever, for always
MAIMED = seriously wounded, perhaps the loss of an arm or leg, perhaps with severe disfigurement (damage to the face)
SPRING CHICKEN = young (as young as a chicken born during the most recent spring) Always in the negative. NO spring chicken = NOT
young
TIGHTWAD = stingy, miserly, doesn't want to spend his money. (Wants to keep all of his paper money rolled in a tight wad, without ever
having to spend any of it.)

bewildering = confusing = not easy to understand

shin = part of the leg Do not confuse it with CHIN, the lower part of the face.
clout = power = influence
eggplant = a vegetable that is purple when ripe
Sometimes a fabric might be described as egglant (meaning purple).

NO.

Correct
a.
a.
b.
c.
b.
c.
b.
b.
a.

Explain:
A kiwi is a small bird (from New Zealand) that cannot fly; it can run very fast.
sob = to cry loudly = to make noises while crying
slaughter = to kill savagely, with a lot of violence and blood and cruelty
loot = treasure = gold and money = jewels = valuable items you can steal and carry away
phrasal verb think through = carefully consider everything in advance
snafu = typical problem = acronym for "Situation Normal : All Fouled Up." S-N-A-F-U.
apex = peak = highest point = summit
stymied = impeded = thwarted = blocked = obstructed = not making any progress = unhappy because of no success
barrister = British lawyer. Pass the bar = pass the qualifying test after law school, permitting you to practice law in a certain state. The "BAR"
is the railing in front of a judge's desk. You can hear the line "May I approach the bar?" in movies w

d.
b.
b.
a.
c.
c.
d.

COUNTERFEIT = fake = not genuine = bogus = phoney = not real

STUMPED = unable to answer = unable to progress
A collie is a specific breed of dog.
A wallet is a billfold, especially a man's wallet. (The paper money--the bills--are folded in half when it is closed).
to pester = to bother = to irritate
FLUNK = to fail = not to pass
pecking order = in the barnyard, the bigger powerful birds "peck" on the smaller weaker ones. In a large organization, some people have

c.
d.
d.
d.
d.
a.
a.
c.
b.
c.
b.
d.
c.
d.
a.
c.

uncanny = very strange =weird = impossibly strange

BEEF UP = to make something stronger. (adding more meat to a weak, watery soup or stew)
keep on = to continue
Keep on answering these questions.
PUT OFF = postpone = delay= do it later, not now. Are they going to put off the next ECL until next month?
CALL OFF = cancel not to be rescheduled
LOOK LIKE = to resemble
your horses
HOLD ON = wait a little bit = (idiom) hold the phone old
WAKE UP = stop sleeping GET UP = leave the bed
You usually wake up first. Then, you get up.
WAIT ON = to serve the customer in a restaurant or store. The store was so crowded that we couldn't find a clerk to wait on us.
PICK OUT = select = choose
TAKE OFF = remove an item of clothing. Take off your hat when you enter a building.
TURN IN = to hand in = to submit = to give something to someone after completing it
PUT OUT = extinguish a fire or a light
TO GET IN = arrive = reach the destination
LOOK FOR = search for = try to find = seek
LOOK DOWN ON = to think one is better than other people, to treat other people as inferiors, to think one is HIGHER in standing than other

a.

TALK OVER = discuss, converse with someone

more power than others. It's like a chain-of-command in which everyone knows his or her place.

people

We talked over all the old times we had in high school.

NO.

Correct
d.
d.
a.
c.
b.
d.
d.
c.
b.
a.
d.
a.
d.
b.
c.
b.
d.
b.
d.
d.
c.
a.
c.
d.
a.
d.
b.
d.
a.
c.
b.
b.
d.

Explain:
LOOK UP = search for in a book, try to find in a book
GET ALONG WITH = to be friendly, maintain a good relationship, not fight, act in a friendly way, to be friends
PUT ON clothing = to wear clothing = to don an item of clothing
THROW AWAY = discard = throw out = put in the garbage = get rid of
PUT OFF = postpone = delay = do it later
PICK OUT = select = choose
PUT OUT = extinguish = to stop a fire = to stop the light
GIVE UP = to quit = to stop trying = to surrender
SIT DOWN = stop standing
TAKE BACK = return something
LOOK OUT = watch out = be careful = pay attention = be careful
TURN DOWN = lower the volume of something
TURN UP = increase volume = make it louder
LOOK FORWARD TO = to anticipate = to be eager about doing something
PUT UP WITH = tolerate = let something happen
Look over = review = study = examine = look at
THINK UP = to invent = create = make up
DROP IN = to visit casually, not at any specific time
FILL OUT = write information in all the blocks = complete all of the form
GIVE UP = surrender = stop fighting = stop trying to do something you want to do. He didn't know the answer, so he gave up after two
minutes.

TAKE OUT = remove

Take your I.D. card out of your wallet.
LOOK AFTER = watch = guard = protect = keep an eye on
FILL up = replenish = put something in an empty space
GET THROUGH WITH = finish = conclude = end doing something
TAKE CARE OF = to watch = protect = guard = keep an eye on
POINT OUT = call attention to = tell people about = show = demonstrate
RUN ACROSS = to find something unexpectedly, especially when looking for something else.
CROSS OFF = to remove, to eliminate, to omit, to draw a line through so as to cancel
PUT AWAY = put something in storage, put something in a different place for later use.
LOOK INTO = investigate, ask questions about, CHECK INTO
DROP OUT OF = stop attending a school or organization
TO BE OVER = to be in charge of, to be the boss of, to supervise or command
TO THINK OF SOMETHING = to have an opinion. You just saw that new movie, didn't you? What did you think of it?

NO.

Correct
b.
b.
a.
a.
a.
c.
c.
d.
a.
c.
d.
a.
c.
d.
c.
c.
b.
b.

Explain:

GET ON = board a large vehicle like a bus, train, plane o enter a large transportation vehicle

LOOK OUT FOR = be careful, watch out, pay attention, be alert

KEEP ON = continue wearing an item of clothing. Keep your hat on. We're going right back outside.
TAKE SIDES = be partisan = show favoritism for one side over the other = not being neutral
BRING BACK = to make you remember something from the past. It brings a memory back to your brain.
COUNT ON = depend on = rely on
GO THROUGH = to search inside things, looking for something
GO OVER = review = look at = review quickly
HOLD UP = raise something Hold up your books so I can see them.
TRY ON = to put clothing on to check the fit
GET ON = to board a vehicle, like a plane, bus, ship, train
CHECK OUT = to borrow the book from the library. RETURN the book = check in the book.
GO AWAY = leave me alone = stop bothering me = get lost
CALL UP = make a telephone call
HANG UP = to stop a phone conversation
RUN OUT OF = to use up your supply of something
LOOK AFTER = take care of = watch = keep an eye on = be responsible for
CHECK OUT = leave a place = sign out = pay any final bills and leave. You can check out of the hotel or from the military unit you are
assigned to.

d.
d.

TO BE UP FOR = to be a candidate for advancement

She is up for soldier of the quarter, and she'll probably get it.
TAKE OVER = assume control of something.
Mr. Smith is retiring next month, and I think Mrs. Jones will take over as chief of that

b.
b.
a.
b.
a.
a.
a.
d.

STAND BY = help = support = aid = assist = give you support

KEEP UP ON = remain informed about = stay current by following the news
TAKE ON = to accept the responsibility for more work or for more duties
WIND UP = conclude = end = finish
TO BE BEHIND IN = to be late in doing something
WAIT FOR = not leave until someone arrives = expect someone to arrive
TALK BACK TO = answer without politeness = sass = say things to rudely
PICK UP = to learn things at random, not by studying
He's picked up this very bad habit of correcting me every time I try to tell him

a.
a.
d.
d.
c.

SEND FOR = to order something through the mail

BE IN ON = participate = be a part of = share in the activity
LOOK IN ON = briefly stop to visit someone when you are going somewhere else

department.

something.

RUN INTO = meet accidentally, meet by chance, encounter someone unexpectedly. COME ACROSS things UN

INTO people

DO OVER = redecorate an old room or house. The house was cheap, but doing it over cost us a lot.

NO.

Correct
b.
a.
d.
d.
c.
d.
b.
c.
d.
d.
a.
b.
b.
b.
b.
c.
a.
c.
a.
c.
d.
b.
a.
d.
a.
b.
d.
c.
c.
d.
d.
a.
a.

Explain:
COME TO = to regain consciousness after being unconsciousness. First, you PASS OUT or FAINT. When you then "wake up," we say that
you "come to."

CHECK SOMETHING OFF = to mark items on a list to show that you have taken care of them.
CHIP IN = to contribute money to buy something as a group
PUT ASIDE = move something to the side and not work with it for a while
TRY OUT = to test something to see if you like it. You would TRY OUT a car, a gun, a boat .

LIVE ON = to survive on. You live on food.

CHECK IN = to register = to sign in

You live on a certain amount of money per month.

You check in at the airline counter at the airport t

a hotel t a new military base

HOLD UP = to rob When you point a gun at someone, he usually HOLDS his hands UP in the air.
CALL ON = to ask someone to talk = to say someone's name in order for that person to speak
DROP OFF = to decrease in number = to lessen = to become smaller in number+
ACCOUNT FOR = to explain why something is the way it is
BRING UP = raise = help something to grow (This one is in the passive voice.)
LOOK OUT FOR = be careful about = pay attention
INSIST ON = demand = require
PUT UP WITH = tolerate = allow to happen
GET ALONG = be friendly with each other = maintain a good relationship
PUT ASIDE = to save a little money periodically in order to make a large purchase later.
STAY UP = not go to bed
TO BE UNDER = to be the subordinate = to be lower = to be underneath in the chain-of-command
TAKE UP = begin to consider = start doing something
He's going to take up tennis next summer.
STICK OUT = protrude = reach beyond the surface
LOOK UP a person = try to find and visit him = get in touch with = locate
KEEP UP WITH = maintain the same speed as someone or something else.
TO BE UP = to happen. What's up? = What's going on?
COME TO = add up to = total
STICK TO = adhere to = obey = follow
TO BE OUT something = to have lost it = to spend money with nothing to show for it.
THINK something OVER = consider it carefully, think about all the possible advantages and disadvantages
WAIT OVER = to spend time waiting for a connecting plane, train, or ship.
DROP OFF = fall asleep while sitting up. The movie was so boring that I dropped off during the first hour.
CALL ON = to visit formally = to announce ahead of time that you want to visit and to arrive on time, perhaps dressed up and bringing gifts
GET BEHIND IN = stop ddoing something you are reguarly supposed to do I'm supposed to translate ten pages of this book everyday, but
I've gotten behind because I was sick.

NO.

Correct
c.
a.
a.
a.
a.
c.
a.
d.
a.
c.
c.
b.
d.
a.
b.
c.
a.
d.
a.
c.
c.
a.
d.
b.
a.
c.
d.
d.
d.
d.
d.
c.
b.

Explain:
CHECK OUT = to look at something = to inspect = to see how something is
GO OFF = to explode = to activate = to ring
Things that can go off are bombs, grenades, alarms signals, bells, alarm clocks, timers
BOOT OUT = kick out = fire =dismiss = force out
TAKE AFTER = to act like = to do what someone else has done = to imitate
APPROVE OF = have a favorable opinion of = think something is OK
ADHERE TO = follow = stick to = obey
LAUGH AT = make fun of = ridicule = deride
Present tense. Plural subject. THEY ARE
The time word "tomorrow" needs FUTURE TENSE.
Present tense. Plural subject. DOGS LIKE
Time words "right now" require PRESENT PERFECT. WE ARE DOING something.
Time words "last week" require PAST TENSE. IRREGULAR VERB "to buy" I BOUGHT
Third person singular present tense. HE WORKS there at this time.
A general truth about science, nature, or geography is stated in the PRESENT TENSE. Third person singular of the "be" verb. PARIS IS
We can use the present tense to indicate FUTURE, especially with transportation. Third person singular. Phrasal verb "take off" means to
leave or depart. The plane TAKES OFF

"Last night" requires the PAST TENSE. Irregular verb "to sing"
WE SANG
"Right now" with weather and time takes simple PRESENT TENSE. IT IS
"Now" needs the PRESENT TENSE here. First person singular.
I WANT
Current state or condition. PRESENT TENSE. Third person singular. MY LEG (IT) HURTS
"Last night" requires the past tense. Irregular verb "do"
I DID something
After a MODAL, you use the SIMPLE FORM of the verb.
I WILL DO something tomorrow.
"Right now" requires the PRESENT TENSE when we discuss a condition or state of something. Irregular verb "be" WE ARE
Third person plural
PRESENT TENSE
MY FRIENDS (THEY) LIVE
You are talking about something in the present. Third person singular. THAT CAR (IT) LOOKS
General statement about nature. PRESENT TENSE. PLURAL SUBJECT. HORSES (THEY) EAT

"Last night" requires PAST TENSE. Irregular verb "see"

Plural subject. Present tense. THESE BOOKS (THEY) ARE \

I SAW something

"Later tonight" requires FUTURE TENSE. I WILL DO something

Remember: put the SIMPLE FORM of the verb after a modal.
Past tense irregular verb
MEET MET MET
irregular verb
past tense
BUY BOUGHT
BOUGHT
Regular verb
past tense
HE COOKED
"Right now" requires PRESENT PERFECT. Subject "I" requires AM.

I AM DOING something

NO.

Correct
a.
b.
d.
b.
c.
d.

Explain:
"IF" clause. FUTURE.
in the main clause.
Simple present in the "IF" clause UTURE
We can express the FUTURE TENSE with the PRESENT PROGRESSIVE. Something IS HAPPENING tomorrow.
Here, the "already" requires PRESENT PERFECT. I HAVE DONE something already.
Tag question. Affirmative in the main clause requires negative in the tag.
"Police" = PLURAL
THEY ARE
THE POLICE ARE
"IF" clause. Present unreal. I do not have the money, but IF I HAD IT
A modal like "would" requires SIMPLE FORM after it. I WOULD
BUY something.

c.
a.
a.

"Right now" requires PRESENT PROGRESSIVE. The baby IS DOING something.

Make the verb agree with the simple subject "price," not with the object of the preposition "cars." THE PRICE IS INCREASING.
Sometimes a compound subject is treated as a SINGULAR subject. BREAD AND WATER
HAM AND EGGS
Notice "my favorite

b.
d.
c.
a.
b.
c.
c.

"HAVE TO" = "MUST."

Modals
Although ending in "s," the word "mumps" is treated as a singular, especially when called "a disease."
Two simultaneous actions in the past. They are occurring at the same time. PAST PROGRESSIVE for both.
"News" = singular, although it ends with an "s." Make the verb agree with "news," not with "storms." THE NEWS IS

"Next week" requires FUTURE. I WILL GO

Advice. "Should" is a common modal when giving advice. If these questions are too easy, you SHOULD GO to a higher level.
Sometimes we can use PAST PROGRESSIVE to indicate a continuous action in the past that was changed or altered in some way by a

d.
d.
c.
b.
d.
a.

"Went" shows that it is PAST TENSE. I WAS

Two simple actions in the past, one after the other. Both are in the SIMPLE PAST.
sisters. "Joe doesn't have any siblings."
IMPERATIVE. A request. "You" is omitted from the main clause.
FUTURE. He hasn't done it yet. HE WILL DO it.
PAST PERFECT. Two actions are in the past, one clearly BEFORE the other. The earlier action can be in the PAST PERFECT; the

b.
c.
d.
b.
c.
c.
c.
b.

To have done something in the past but not now, we can use the modal "used to."
Two actions in the past. One was a PAST PROGRESSIVE, interrupted by the next one in the SIMPLE PAST.
passive voice structure. His mother bore (carried) him inside her body. He was born (by his mother).
Therefore, he WAS BORN.
AT THIS MOMENT requires present progressive. You ARE DOING something.
Two simultaneous actions in the past, both progressive (continuous).
"Last night" requires PAST TENSE. HE DID something. Irregular verb "do"
"Next week" requires FUTURE TENSE. HE WILL GRADUATE
"Would study" means this structure is the PRESENT UNREAL among the "IF" clauses. SUBJUNCTIVE!!! Use "were" even when the subject

d.

The subject is "brother." Don't be confused by the presence of "sons." That phrase is set off with commas and can be omitted. MY

a.
c.

meal" is singular.

My favorite meal is rice and beans. Rice and beans is my favorite meal. Chicken and rice is wha

subsequent action in the simple past.

subsequent action can be in the simple past. Put the ADVERB "not" after the first helping verb.

is I, HE, SHE, IT

IF I WERE YOU

I HAD NOT DONE something bef

I am not you, so this is the PRESENT UNREAL.

BROTHER IS

clause should be simple past. HE GOT(passive) HE GOT ARRESTED.

WERE.

HE GOT PROMOTED.

HE GOT ROBBED.

NO.

Correct
d.
a.
d.
d.
b.
c.

Explain:
"Sheep" can be singular or plural, but the word "those" makes this usage PLURAL. THEY ARE
"Ought to" is a modal that means "SHOULD." Advice ecommendation

"IF" clause. PAST UNREAL because of "yesterday."

This is a reduced clause. The man (who is) sitting by the door
FUTURE PERFECT. I have not graduated yet. But by the time I do graduate, something else WILL HAVE already HAPPENED.
TAG question. Affirmative "can" in the main clause takes negative "can't" in the tag. If you have a modal or helping verb, repeat that modal or
helping verb in the tag.

c.
a.
b.
a.

PASSIVE VOICE. The word "by" usually indicates a passive structure. Active voice: Mr. Williams wrote this exercise."
Two actions in the past. The first action (in time) can be PAST PERFECT. The subsequent action can be simple past.
PRESENT UNREAL "IF" CLAUSE.
TAG question. YOU HAVE done something HAVEN'T YOU? If you have a helping word in the main clause, repeat the helping word in the

c.
a.
b.
b.
a.
d.
d.

Two actions happening simultaneously. Both can be in the PAST PROGRESSIVE.

The alarm clock DID NOT GO OFF.
"IF" clause. PRESENT UNREAL. IF I WERE

The first action (rain) can be in the PAST PERFECT. IT HAD ALREADY BEGUN before something else happened.
subject is "A SERIES." A SERIES WAS
REPORTED SPEECH. Main verb "promised" is in the past, so the subsequent verb "will" must shift to past "would."
First action can be PAST PROGRESSIVE. One thing WAS HAPPENING when another action HAPPENED (simple past) to change or alter

a.
a.
d.
c.
a.
d.

FUTURE "IF" CLAUSE. The word "next" indicates this. Something WILL happen
homework.
Third person singular
THE COLOR (IT) symbolizes PRESENT TENSE
POLICE ARE
It's plural. If you want singular, say POLICEMAN, POLICEWOMAN, POLICE OFFICER
The verb "ENJOY" requires gerund ( "-ing" form after it.
Future perfect tense
One thing WILL HAVE HAPPENED by the time something else HAPPENS. By the time Col Smith retires, he WILL

b.

Here "ought not" in the main clause cannot become "ought we" in the tag. You must substitute the closest MODAL equivalent ("should").

c.
b.
c.
a.
c.
a.
d.
b.
c.

irregular verb SWING SWUNG SWUNG

"Nary" is a negative word. Put affirmative in the tag.

tag.

things.

AVE SERVED in the military for 25 years.

However, if we had "ought" in the main clause, we could put "oughtn't" in the tag. We ought to go now, oughtn't we?

In a "neither or"

structure, if the two elements are singular and plural, make the verb agree with the unit closer to it.

The workers ARE

I am, aren't I? This is a strange structure, but that's the way it is. You could also say "I am, am I not?"
IF clause. Past unreal. If he had had something
This is a fixed structure. If need be.
IF the NEED should BE for something, and we reduce it to IF NEED BE.
tag has to be negative.
be "praise."
"Furniture" is a mass noun. Mass nouns take singular verbs.

NO.

Correct
a.
c.

Explain:
Future perfect tense
A reduced "IF" clause. If it had not been for the barking dogs
BEEN FOR something

We drop the "If" and reverse the subject and first auxiliary verb. HAD IT NOT

a.
d.
c.
a.
c.
c.
d.
a.
a.
a.
c.
b.
d.
a.
c.
b.
a.

species is
This is a fixed expression: to commit suicide
You MAKE a phone call. Answer four is not possible (even though you can GET a phone call), because "gets" would re
future tense passive voice
something
You have a person DO something (simple form).
A past continuous action interrupted by a simple past tense verb. One thing was happening when something else happened.
You MAKE someone DO something. (simple form)
Let's DO something. (simple form) This one is negative. Let's NOT DO something.
You GET somebody TO DO something. (infinitive)
"The subject" is the simple subject of this sentence. IT IS

gerund. IT BEGAN TO SNOW or IT BEGAN SNOWING.

Here "used to" is followed by simple form.

a.
d.
a.
b.
a.
b.
c.

To "go off" means to sound, explode, ring

This is a PAST REAL. It is possible he was at the meeting. This is not an UNREAL situation.
A reduced "IF" clause. If I were to become Were I to become

"A series" is singular. There was a series There were several series
"a number" = plural
A number of cars ARE parked illegally near that fire hydrant.
"the number" = singular
The number of students from Puerto Rico IS increasing.
You see and hear people "do" or "doing" something, but in this case we can't put the verb "shoot" in the "-ing" form because it was not a

c.
d.

Past tense
passive voice
They served us quickly (active) = We were served quickly (passive).
ONE SPECIES = singular subject
We need a singular verb. One species becomes extinct. Three species (plural) BECOME extinct

a.
c.
d.
c.
a.

Reduced "if" clause. If I had been you

Had I been you

Irregular verb. FALL. Present perfect tense. She has fallen down

The phrase "in no way" makes the main clause negative, so the tag must be affirmative.
This is a mixed structure "IF" clause. The time words "last night" and "right now" control it, so that I "would not be" a certain way right now if
something HAD NOT HAPPENED last night.

continuous act; it was instantaneous.

every month.
We put SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE in the dependent clause. Future perfect (or future perfect prograssive) can go in the main clause. By the
time she finally moves to a bigger house, she will have been living in this one for 40 years.

Cities take the preposition "in." I went to school IN PARIS.

When you have an exact time for something, you use "AT." The movie ended AT *:45.
If you have the NUMBER and the street name, it takes AT.
The year by itself takes IN.

NO.

Correct
d.
c.
b.
d.
d.
b.
d.
b.
d.
a.
d.
d.
b.
b.
d.
b.
b.
c.
b.
c.
c.
c.
a.
d.
d.
d.
c.
a.
b.
c.
d.
a.
d.

Explain:
Passive voice. The action is done BY someone.
ON a farm. On base.
On a reservation.
IN the country In the city
In a town
A day by itself gets ON.
A room takes IN.
Specific exact time. At noon. At 12:00.
A month by itself takes IN.
You talk TO a person.
You go TO a place.
A year by itself takes IN.
specific time
When you have a specific day indicated by NUMBER, you use ON.
In the world
In space
In your imagination
In the universe
We say something TO a person.
prepositional phrase IN SPITE OF
Exact times take AT.
IN a city.
A year by itself takes IN.
A month by itself takes IN.
You stay AT a place.
You COME FROM a certain place.
Exact times need AT
Cities take IN. So do countries, counties, towns
Day of the week by itself
You GIVE something TO somebody.
The number is given along with the street name. Use AT.
You TELL something TO someone.
day of the week by itself
Preposition of time.
AT a specific time.
We use "IN" for countries.
I was once stationed IN Egypt.
One thing combined WITH another thing or WITH other things.
IN the street
It's a place with marked borders. An area with defined limits.
IN a season of the year

NO.

Correct
b.
a.
b.
b.
a.
c.
c.
d.
d.
a.
a.
b.
d.
b.
a.
b.
b.
d.
a.
b.
a.
a.
d.
a.
d.
b.
a.
c.
b.
b.
c.
d.

Explain:
We use "between" when we are taking about TWO specific things.
We laugh AT things and people.
One thing is different FROM another thing.
We say we are TIRED OF something.
We TALK DURING an event.
ON the sidewalk.
IN the street.
It would be IN or INSIDE a wallet. In a drawer. In a closet.
In a box.
We are IN a car.
When you give the starting point for measuring time, we use SINCE, especially with PRESENT PERFECT VERBS.
We LISTEN TO something.
The pictures are touching the surface of the wall, so they are ON the wall.
You hear FROM people when you get any kind of letter, phone call, e-mail
ON BOARD is a phrase meaning inside a larger vehicle like a plane, train, bus, ship.
You WAIT FOR someone or something.
"Sub" is a prefix meaning "under," so it follows that a submarine can function UNDER the surface of the water.
This turns out to be a TIME question, so it is AFTER class, as opposed to a PLACE preposition, "I take a nap IN class."
When you have the total amount of time given, use FOR in these PRESENT PERFECT structures.
A common pattern is NOUN + PREPOSITION + NOUN for indicating things and the way they are measured or counted. A pack OF
cigarettes

a bottle OF wine

a deck OF cards

a glass OF milk

Present perfect tense. When you have only the starting point for your measurement, use SINCE.
You GO TO school. GO TO WORK
GO TO just about any place.
When you talk about a specific room, you use IN.
passive voice!
An action IS DONE BY someone.
total amount of time
IN a pocket IN a purse IN a drawer
You BORROW FROM someone.
You can LOAN TO. You can LEND to.
Two things linked together
coffee WITH cream
salad WITH dressing
ice cream WITH chocolate sauce
Queen
OF
England
chief
OF
trainees
leader OF Delta Company
noun OF noun structure or association
fixed expression
to be AFRIAD OF something
time element
BEFORE or AFTER doing something
two-word verb
KEEP (clothing) ON
opposite: TAKE (clothing) OFF
You FALL DOWN. You CLIMB UP something.
Name of the street by itself. No address number given.
WITH indicates the weapon used. Cut the bread WITH that clean knife, not WITH that dirty one.

NO.

Correct
a.
a.
d.
c.
d.
d.
c.
b.
c.
b.
b.
a.
d.
c.
a.
d.
d.
a.
c.
a.
a.
d.
d.
a.
a.
d.
b.
a.
c.
b.
a.
a.
b.

Explain:
You show something TO someone.
IN or INSIDE certain objects like envelopes, pockets, purses, wallets, drawers, boxes
ON the sidewalk
IN the street
You GO TO a place, so you can RIDE TO a place. HITCHHIKE TO a place
WALK or RUN TO a place
Something and the item of measurement used for it.
A cup OF tea
a slice OF bread
a bouquet OF flowers
Parts of the day take IN.
IN the morning
IN the evening
IN the afternoon
BUT: AT NIGHT or DURING THE NIGHT
You are IN BED when you have at least one of the covers OVER you (a sheet, a blanket, a quilt). You are ON the bed when you are lying on
the surface with no covering over you.

Total amount of time is given. FOR

We retire FROM a job.
You VOTE FOR or you VOTE AGAINST something or somebody.
two-word verb
RELY ON = DEPEND ON
You can ASK ABOUT a subject.
Present perfect. Only the starting point is given.
USE SINCE.
IN the evening but AT night
You stand ON something for added height.
Two items together.
part of the day
IN the morning
IN the afternoon
IN the evening
touching the surface only
ON the table
amount of time is given
Use FOR
You GO TO a school.
BUT: You ATTEND (no preposition) a college or university or school.
IN one of the four seasons
association
noun OF noun
The role OF a leader
The tool or weapon is given.
He shot me WITH a rifle.
It's a place. IN the world
INI the universe
IN the solar system
noun OF noun structure
the King OF Fools
the Governor of Texas
inside a specific building
IN the dorms
IN the Amigo Inn
You can cook things IN or WITH butter, oil, margarine
He walks WITH the aid of a cane. Opposite is WITHOUT.
fixed expression ON fire
It's a place, so you can be AT the place. AT school AT home
fixed expression to be IN danger. Opposite: out of danger
a period of time IN the past
In the future

NO.

Correct
c.
c.
a.
d.
b.
b.
d.
b.
a.
b.
c.
a.
d.
d.
b.
d.
a.
a.
b.
a.
b.

Explain:
in the morning in the afternoon in the evening BUT at night
phrasal verb come along with
fixed expression AT once, meaning without delay, without hesitation
passive voice
You are IN a parade.
ON an island
The island is IN the water.
AMONG for more than two
fixed expression a CURE FOR something
agent
under suspicion BY the police
under surveillance BY the cops
fixed expression
IN someone's opinion
You can give an activity FOR someone
give a party FOR me
give a baby shower FOR my sister
fixed expression ON FIRE
Remember: BETWEEN is for TWO things. AMONG is for more than TWO.
The water will pass UNDER the bridge under normal conditions.
You can JUMP ON a higher surface.
When you give the total amount of time, you use FOR, especially in PRESENT PERFECT sentences.
From one side to the other involves THROUGH. SEE THROUGH the fog. SEE THROUGH the dirty windshield.
We use WITH to indicate what method, tool, or instrument was used.
fixed expression to be IN LOVE
opposite: to fall OUT OF LOVE with someone
You can GET INTO certain things: into trouble into an argument
get into debt
SIT BY someone. You can sit BESIDE someone, but the word BESIDES (with the "s" on the end) does not mean NEXT TO. It means IN
ADDITION TO: Besides German and French, she can speak English.

d.
b.

We PROTECT FROM
TRICK QUESTION? The name of the street is Fifth Avenue. The actual number of an address is NOT given here. The best store is

d.
b.
d.
b.
b.
d.
a.
d.
a.
a.

IN the shade
IN direct sunlight
IN a specific area
Something is ON a certain floor of a building.
fixed expression
APPROVE OF DISAPPROVE OF
Preposition of direction. You STARE AT POINT AT
LOOK AT
The block has a perimeter, so you put your signature IN the block.
BENEATH = UNDER = BELOW = UNDERNEATH

located AT 645 Fifth Avenue. The stores are on Fifth Avenue.

The only one that conveys the idea of HIDING is UNDER.

We would have a REASON FOR something.
You enroll IN a school.

A rhinoceros can CHARGE AT you.

NO.

Correct
a.
b.
a.
a.
b.
b.
c.
d.
c.
c.
a.
d.
d.
d.
b.
b.
a.
b.
d.
c.
b.
c.
b.
b.
c.
b.
c.
b.
b.
a.
a.
a.
d.

Explain:
STAY UNTIL a certain time is reached.
fixed expression You BELIEVE IN something.
for -ing
Something is used to cut Used (in order) to do something
fixed expression
DISAPPOINTED IN but PROUD OF
If he sneaks up and touches your back, he has to be BEHIND you.
place
TURN AT the sign
TURN AT the traffic light.
A tunnel is like a long tube, so something travels THROUGH it.
area
IN the middle of the room
IN the middle of the hall
It's a place with a perimeter or border.
preposition of manner
You do something WITH a certain attitude
WITH GUSTO
WITH RELUCTANCE
WITH ENTHUSIASM
fixed expression Traveling ON the road by bus or car or van.
fixed expression to be sick OF something
fixed expression to run for an office or position
You RETIRE FROM a job.
You participate IN an activity.
touching the surface
ON the moon
ON the floor
On the ground
fixed expression You are INVOLVED IN something.
IN a chair (with arms)
ON a chair (without arms)
ON a sofa (because it's wide and you might not be touching the arms of it).
Something is DIFFICULT or EASY FOR you.
phrasal verb to RUN AWAY FROM something
preposition of manner. HOW did he do something? You can do something BY doing something else. He survived BY drinking melted snow
for 4 days.

He excelled by writing a brilliant essay.

noun OF noun structure

EXCESS of STUDENTS
opposite LACK of STUDENTS
noun OF noun structure
a champion OF human rights
a defender OF freedom
a critic OF reforms
two-word verb TAKE AWAY = remove
You serve IN an organization.
Serve IN the Army
serve IN the Peace Corps
fixed expression You do something ON purpose. = deliberately
The building is standing UP, so you have to tear it DOWN.
The road is lying flat ON the ground, so you have to tear it UP.
IN time, not ON time. ON time suggests there was an appointment. In time means they were not too late to do something.
You achieve a score or get a grade ON a test.
treatment
You do something FOR a headache. Or ABOUT a COLD.
fixed expression

COMPOSED OF

NO.

Correct
b.
a.
a.
c.
a.
d.

Explain:
fixed expression
You are GOOD AT something or BAD AT something.
We say ON BASE versus OFF BASE.
Another example would be ON a reservation versus OFF a reservation.
fixed expression
You DISPOENSE WITH something.
fixed expression AGAINST THE LAW = illegal
WITHIN THE LAW = legal
Fixed expression to be CONVICTED OF
First, he was CHARGED WITH the crime.
A number can be BELOW or UNDER another number.
He can't buy alcohol; he's still UNDER 21. I wish I could keep my weight BELOW
165.

b.
b.
d.
a.
a.

IN debt
opposite OUT OF debt
in ink in pencil If you want to use "with," you have to say "with A pencil."
fixed expression You BRAG ABOUT something.
But you can BOAST OF or BOAST ABOUT it.
fixed expression. Ashamed of. Opposite is proud of.
made of made from made with made out of
If you want to use "made by," it's passive: made by a person ade by using ingredients or

a.
c.
c.
c.
b.
d.
c.
a.
d.
c.
c.
a.
c.
a.
a.
c.
c.
a.
c.
a.
b.
a.

FROM memory

utensils.

for a period of time or

also - BY MEMORY

two days or 48 hours

We do things either with or without hesitation. The paratroopers are not afraid, so they do it WITHOUT hesitation.
at present or at the present time
AS means "in the capacity of."
ABOARD means to be on a large vehicle like a plane, bus, train, ship, space shuttle
You BLAME something ON someone.
You BLAME someone FOR doing something wrong.
We play ON a name, because our names can be written ON the team roster, ON the paper that lists our names.
You PROVOIDE someone WITH something.
stand AT ease AT attention AT parade rest
idiom
IN the dumps, because it's a place
means of transportation
ON foot
BUT BY CAR
BY BICYCLE
fixed expression
WITH child means pregnant.
fixed expression
BEYOND HOPE
BEYOND SALVATION
an old-fashioned word
betwixt=-between
dine on = to eat
formal
You do something ON IMPULSE
ON the spur of the moment
You do something BY accident.
You ASK something OF someone.
What I'm asking OF you is that you do your homework.
You ask something OF someone. I need to ask a favor OF you.

NO.

Correct
c.
c.
b.
c.
a.
b.
b.
b.
a.
b.
b.
d.
d.
b.
a.
c.
d.
d.
a.
d.
a.
b.
a.
a.
d.
a.
d.
b.
b.
c.
d.
c.
b.

Explain:
fixed expression You shudder AT something.
One thing can have an influence ON another thing.
idiom
You take a stab AT doing something. = TRY to do something
fixed expression to keep IN confidence
He is sitting ON top of it. On a horse
On a bike
On a camel
On a motorcycle
method of transportation
BY BIKE
BY HORSE
but -- ON a bike on a horse
You either live ON base or OFF base. So you would move OFF base.
AMIDST = among (old-fashioned oetic)

(Look for the article "A" or "AN.")

"Over" can mean to COVER something. He held his hand OVER his mouth.
ON the radio
There was a good show ON Channel 4 last night.
I found a good story ON the Internet.
PRESENT TENSE. Third person plural
THE STUDENTS (THEY) LIKE something

NO.

Correct
b.
d.
c.
b.
d.
d.
c.
a.
d.
d.
c.
d.
c.
b.
b.
c.
c.
b.
a.
c.
b.
d.
b.
c.
a.
b.
d.
b.
d.
c.
b.
a.
b.

Explain:

NO.

Correct
b.
c.
c.
d.
a.
d.
a.
d.
c.
a.
b.
c.
c.
d.
b.
c.
b.
a.
a.
d.
c.
a.
c.
b.
c.
b.
b.
c.
a.
c.
b.
b.
d.

Explain:

passive voice structure

NO.

Correct
a.
c.
b.
a.
b.
d.
b.
a.
c.
a.
c.
d.
a.
d.
c.
a.
b.
a.
a.
c.
a.
c.
a.
c.
c.
d.
b.
a.
b.
c.
a.
a.
c.

Explain:

NO.

Correct
c.
a.
d.
a.
c.
a.
d.
c.
b.
a.
c.
d.
d.
b.
b.
c.
a.
a.
c.
b.
c.
d.
c.
d.
d.
b.
d.
b.
d.
b.
a.
d.
b.

Explain:

A screwdriver is a mixed drink of orange juice and vodka.

PRESENT UNREAL F I WERE

present unreal
subjunctive
IF I WERE
mixed pattern. Watch the time words. "last night" "right now"
reduced "if" clause. Inversion of subject and auxiliary verb.
mixed pattern
mixed pattern

NO.

Correct
b.
a.
b.
b.
b.
d.
a.
b.
b.
b.
c.
d.
b.
d.
a.
a.
b.
d.
a.
a.
b.
a.
b.
d.
c.
b.
a.
b.
a.
b.
d.
a.
b.

Explain:
mixed pattern
mixed pattern

mixed pattern
reduced clause requiring inversion of subject and verb

NO.

Correct
d.

Explain:

b.
a.
a.
d.
b.
d.
d.
d.
c.
b.

PAST REAL. He really WAS speaking English.

PAST REAL There really WAS a storm last night. I just didn't know about it.
PAST REAL The accident WAS Joe's fault. He just keeps denying it.
PAST REAL
The speaker claims there WAS a point to his speech. I just didn't understand it.
This is tricky. You are a person. The unreal part of it is having a million dollars. IF I WERE A PERSON WHO HAD .
A PIECE OF CAKE = something very simple, easy to do
NO SWEAT = It will be so easy that we won't even sweat.
BURN THE MIDNIGHT OIL = work all night. To be working at midnight and later. Students often have to burn the midnight oil the night

a.
a.
a.

FULL OF BEANS = wrong = doesn't know what he's talking about = FULL OF HOT AIR = incorrect about things
The ZERO HOUR is a very critical time to do something important. THE MOMENT OF TRUTH.
RED TAPE is governmental bureaucratic delays that slow you down. Apparently in the old days, some government offices tied all their

b.
b.
d.
c.
a.

often the newest person in the organization. This comes from native American Indian culture. They would car
the machinery.
If you hold your horses, you WAIT. You do not proceed.

d.
b.
c.
b.
b.
c.
d.
b.
b.

to drag your feet = to delay = to do something slowly

wild animals and bad weather.
smuggling or contraband.
free
If a fish is hooked, he is in big trouble. If the fish is OFF THE HOOK, he has managed to escape and he is now free.
DOWN IN THE DUMPS = unhappy = sad = dejected = in a depressing situation, as if one is LIVING IN THE DUMP.
A BAT OUT OF HELL= fast, wild, crazy, dangerous
HIT THE HAY = go to bed. In the old days, people slept on piles of hay.
LET THE CAT OUT OF THE BAG = reveal a secret = tell something that should stay a secret
GO WITH THE FLOW = do what everyone else is doing and don't argue about it = accept what everyone else wants = float along in the current

a.
d.
a.
b.

guess.
LEAPS and BOUNDS are two ways of JUMPING. When you do something by leaps and bounds, you are doing it rapidly, with no obstacles.
A wolf who is pretending to be one of the sheep is trying to deceive you and cannot be trusted.
jobs of two people.

before a big test.

paperwork up in bundles with red tape and then it took them a long time just to locate the paper, much less process it.

Thepeople

century

with

=100

years.

bigpretty

Century

feathers

mark

were

assumed

can

to be

mean100 of anything.

richorpowerful

"Thetemperature

oraristocratic.

reached

Itwas good
the

century

tohave

mark yesterday" means it hit 100

degrees F.

of the river = be passive and let it happen to you = don't try to change anything = just do what everyone wants you t

NO.

Correct
c.
a.
a.
b.
d.

Explain:
If something fits the bill, it is perfect. It's just what you want and need. It meets your needs exactly.
A blue moon is very rare. Once in a blue moon is very rare. How often have you looked up in the sky and seen a BLUE moon up there?
to talk turkey = to talk seriously about something important
on the QT = secretly. The first and last letters of "quiet." QuieT
A steel trap is something to catch animals. Once it catches one (by the foot), it is so tight that the animal can't get away. If your mind is like
this, it keeps every piece of information and doesn't "let it go."

c.
c.
c.

mountain, you grab at a rope, a tool, anything to help you. If the only left for you to grab to keep from fal
down to the wire = the final seconds of a race
It's too close to know who the winner is. Nobody knows the result yet.
to do anything UP A STORM means to do it very hard, very seriously, working much harder than usual, devoting 100% of one's attention to the

a.
b.
b.
b.

a trade = a job
to ply a trade = to work at a job
to go off the deep end = to act crazily, insanely. To go into a violent rage.
gander = look
to horn in on = to intrude or interfere. Imagine an animal with horns. He uses his horns to get certain things. He could maneuver his way into

d.
d.
d.
c.
b.
c.
b.
a.
a.

job at hand.

an area using his horns as tools.

WET BEHIND THE EARS = inexperienced, too new at the job. Like a new-born baby who was dried with a towel, but nobody dried behind the
ears.

GO AGAINST THE CURRENT = take the opposite position = do the opposite of what others do = be difficult and hard to get along with
A square peg (piece of wood) would not fit properly in a round hole. So this means that the person doesn't belong there. The person is a
MISFIT.
To hit paydirt is to get good results. If you are a miner digging for gold or silver, you hope to hit "pay dirt"---dirt that is full of gold or silver. You

It

will

behappy

would

with

bevery

difficult

yourgood

foryou

results.

torun after and catch a wild goose. Therefore, a wild goose chase is an impossible job or assignment.

Everyone knows you will not succeed, but they try to make you do it anyway.
DIME A DOZEN = very common, ordinary, plentiful. If you can buy a dozen (12) of something for a dime (10cents), then it is very common,
very ordinary, not unusual or different.
to take a powder = to leave, often quickly and without telling anyone. (When women GO TO THE POWDER ROOM, they leave the table and
go to the ladies' restroom.)

It means to go away and leave someone alone.

to hit the bottle = to drink alcohol (booze)

A "Monday morning quarterback" is someone who tells you on Monday what you should have done during Sunday's game. It is someone who
tells you what you something obvious AFTER it's too late. He wasn't around to give you the advice when you really needed

b.
b.
c.
d.
b.

of a business transaction. There is no doubt. Your "item" is already in the bag.

big advantage over the other.

a.
a.
b.
b.
c.
a.
a.

to spill your guts = to tell all of your secrets

to confess a lot of serious things
false clue
In mystery stories, we find red herrings, false clues to deceive us and draw our attention away from the truth.
TRIGGER HAPPY = nervous, overanxious
too eager to shoot his gun
This is a translation of an American Indian phrase for "heaven." Someone who is there has died.
To be on pins and needles means you are very nervous.

Someone who deals with numbers, especially in a bureaucracy. They think their job is to count and (dis)approve EVERYTHING, even the
number of beans in each bag.

keep at bay = to keep someone at a safe distance away while something else happens. Hunting dogs bay (bark) when they near the animal
they are c asing. If you can keeps the dogs

bay, they are only able to bark at you, not actually catch you.

To nip in the bud is to stop something in its earliest stages. Frost can NIP a young plant while it is just BUDDING, so it never grows. Nip = cut
off

bud = a flower before it even starts to open up

treat someone
with kid
glov
s,you are
being very gentle
and
kind to that person
---noshocks,
no
badnews, no yell
wet
blanketstops
other people
from having
fun.
Sohe would ruin your
partybecause
he'sso boring.
So he's a party pooper because he

doesn't want to have fun.

Sometimes we try to put out a grass fire by smothering parts of it with a wet blanket.

NO.

Correct
b.
b.

a.
b.
a.
b.
b.
c.
a.
c.
a.
d.
b.
b.
c.
a.
d.
d.
d.
a.
a.
c.
d.
d.
d.
b.
c.
a.
b.
c.
a.
d.
a.

Explain:
THE BOONDOCKS is a very remote, primitive area far from big cities. There are no cultural amenities within hundreds of miles. Also known
as HE BOONIES.

"After two years in the boonies, it was great to be back in Houston."

OJT stands for "on-the-job training." Instead of just reading books about how to do the job, you actually try to do the job while someone assists
you and corrects you.

TO BULGE is to get bigger. Battle of the bulge = trying to keep from getting fat. PUDGY = a little too fat.
FIGHT. A slang expression for your fists is your DUKES. "Put up your dukes!" = Prepare to fight. Duke it out = fight to the finish
a pink slip = a piece of paper notifying someone that he/she is being fired from a job.
bunch of them around you, you will be scared.
When you stand someone up, you don't honor an agreement. You don't show up for an appointment. You break a promise to be somewhere
at a certain time.

simple form of a verb after a MODAL

WILL BE
MIGHT BE
SHOULD BE
tag question
If you have negative in the main clause, put affirmative in the tag.
modals HAVE TO = MUST
To copy someone else's answer is CHEATING.
idiom
to be BROKE = no money
subject verb agreement
One person IS absent. Who IS it?
You would STAB with a knife, not with the other 3 objects.
expensive = not cheap = costly
past tense (last night)
modals ought to = should
(recommendation dvice)
specific exact time
Cats would chase mice, not the other 3 objects.
not easy = difficult = hard
robber = thief= someone who steals = bandit
not short = long
unhappy = not happy = sad = depressed = about to cry?
science or nature
present tense
HUMANS (THEY) need something.
Snow is white. (We hope)
unusual = strange = not ordinary = not common
current state or condition
mass noun
THE BREAD IS
yesterday = past tense
Yesterday I WAS
Only "accident" makes sense here.
simple subject = student
The student is
modals
HAVE TO = MUST
A month by itself takes IN.
Something is IN a city IN a country
IN a town

NO.

Correct
b.
b.
a.
b.
a.
a.
c.
d.
b.
b.
a.
c.
a.
d.
d.
a.
c.
d.
d.
b.
a.
c.
c.
c.
c.
d.
b.
c.
d.
d.
a.
b.
d.

Explain:
yesterday = past tense third person singular THE TEACHER WORKED
Day by itself takes ON.
tail = rear = aft = back part = (ship) stern
modal
Put simple form after a modal. You will DO what?
Opposite of expensive = cheap
costly = expensive
plural subject
THEY ARE
hungry for food
thirsty for water
yesterday = past tense
I WAS
grass = vegetation, usually green
specific date
Use ON.
Water freezes and becomes ICE. (Steam and boiling are associated with HOT liquids.)
Opposite of wide is NARROW.
ANGRY = upset, not happy, not pleased
The THUMB is one of your five fingers on your hand.
years.
autumn = fall
trees.

the time of the year when it starts to get colder, the leaves turn yellow, orange, red, and brown hen the leaves FALL from the

IN the street
ON the sidewalk
modals
MAY = MIGHT (possibility)
good = better = best Something is THE BEST.
passive voice structure The conditions are controlled by someone, so they are CONTROLLED conditions.
count noun = things
TOO MANY THINGS versus TOO MUCH WORK (mass noun)
The "h" of "honest" is silent, so it sounds like "ONEST," a vowel sound. He is AN HONEST person. She is AN HONORABLE person.
modals
CAN = to be able
right now = present progressive
I AM FINISHING.
POLICE = plural
The police are The police were

Here, "kind" is singular. The other choices would have to go with plural forms. THAT KIND OF BOOK THAT KIND OF CANDY.
word form = interesting The lesson was interesting. The students were interested in the lesson.
last night = past tense. I SAW something last night.
Anytime you use the DO" auxiliary, put simple form of the verb. DO you GO to the gym every day? DID he SEE that movie?
To put something on a hook = to hang it up
low price = cheap = doesn't cost much
phrasal verb
To remove an item of clothing is to TAKE IT OFF.
modals MUST = have to = mandatory = requirement

NO.

Correct
c.
d.
a.
c.
d.
c.
b.
c.
d.
d.
d.
b.
c.
c.
c.
a.
c.

Explain:
In English, we do our ages with the BE verb, not the HAVE verb. My car IS four years old. She WAS 56 when she died.
Since a waitress is a woman and the pencil belongs to her, it is HER PENCIL.
Plural subject in the present tense.
NEXT WEEK = future
The class WILL do something NEXT WEEK.
POSSESSIVE adjective form. It is THEIR food. (The subject --officers -- is plural.)
PLURAL SUBJECT in the PRESENT TENSE. They "LIVE"
"Last month" requires PAST TENSE.
possessive pronoun.
Whose hat is that? It is MINE. It is MY hat.
The verb "knows" needs a third person singular form.
HE KNOWS /
comparative form ne-syllable adjective
plural subject lural verb "questions are"
past tense "yesterday"
irregular verb SEE SAW
SEEN
subject-verb agreement. The PRICE IS Do not make the verb agree with "BOOKS."
Subject-verb agreement AND past tense. The weather WAS good yesterday.
to lie = to NOT tell the truth = to say untrue things
The show was BORING. I was BORED when I watched it.
"Eat" is a single action verb, so you need to use a form of "do" as the auxiliary. Since it is past tense, use "did." After the "do" auxiliary, you
need to use the simple form of the verb. WHAT DID YOU EAT for lunch? WHAT DID YOU DO last night?

d.
c.
c.
b.
d.
b.
c.
c.
d.
c.
c.
d.
a.
c.
b.

put out = extinguish

comparison
more fun than
method of transportation BY plane BY ship
BY car
BY taxi
midnight = 12:00 at night
Twelve hours later is 12:00 noon.
POLICE = plural The police are. If you want a singular, you can say: the policeman is The policewoman is
"Access" is a noun. Modify it with an adjective. What kind of access? QUICK access.
Bank should involve MONEY. CASH a CHECK for the MONEY.
two-word verb
LEAVE = TAKE OFF
past tense = IT TOOK OFF
past tense
I ATE
right now = present progressive PLURAL
THE children ARE PLAYING.
police = PLURAL
THEY ARE here.
last week = past tense irregular verb BUY BOUGHT
BOUGHT Last week SHE BOUGHT something.
third person singular
present tense IT TAKES
Last night = past tense. Irregular verb SLEEP SLEPT SLEPT Last night, I SLEPT

c.

subject = topic = what you are talking about

"want" is followed by an infinitive.

versus verbs followed by gerunds.

The police officer is .

The student WANTS TO LOOK AT page 4-19 of Book 34 for a good list of verbs followed by infinitives

NO.

Correct
a.
d.
a.
c.

Explain:
instructions or orders
in the imperative
(You) hang up the phone.
seasons of the year
FALL = AUTUMN (September, October, November in the U.S.)
extremely = very= awfully = terribly
correct formation of questions
action verb (mean) present tense simple subject.
This word means something. WHAT DOES THIS

d.
b.
a.
a.
a.
c.
c.
d.
d.
a.
c.

possessive adjectives. It's my book.

Or
It's mine. (possessive pronoun)
error = mistake = wrong answer
serious = big = major
dentist = person who works on the TEETH.
quite = very= extremely = really
Of these four answers, the only thing to explain a baby's crying would be the HUNGER.
passive voice
comparative forms
GOOD BETTER BEST One thing is better than another.
STILL is not a verb. It an adverb. Lt. Smith HAS 8 more weeks. He STILL HAS 8 more weeks.
"Offer" is followed by an infinitive. See Book 34 p-4-19 for a big list of verbs followed by infinitives versus gerunds.
After certain connecting words in complex sentences the correct word order is SUBJECT/VERB. Can you tell me where THE HOTEL IS?
When you give only the starting point of measuring the time, use "since" in these PRESENT PERFECT structures. I have been here SINCE

c.
a.
c.
c.
b.
b.
d.
d.
b.
d.

woke up ten hours later.

b.
b.
d.
b.
c.
c.
d.
a.

drop out of = to stop attending something or to stop participating in an organized group

mass noun
The main clause is negative, so "I don't have ENOUGH of something to do it." I don't have enough time to iron my shirt.
adjective form I was NERVOUS. I felt NERVOUS.
past tense (LAST NIGHT) passive voice
noun form = a description
pies WERE eaten.
noun form = departure = the act of departing or leaving
If you have an infinitive directly after the adjective, put "TOO" in front of the adjective.
He is TOO old TO JOIN the military. It is TOO late

WORD MEAN?

October 25.

Words like "right now" and "at this moment" often take the present progressive tense. You ARE READING this sentence at this moment.
DEAF = cannot hear
two-word verb TO GET THROUGH WITH = to finish, complete, end, conclude something
the verb form
TO FORMULATE
subject form of the relative pronoun. I saw the man. HE shot the guard. I saw the man WHO shot the guard.
sweaters.
four people? Use the superlative. He is THE TALLEST one of the four.
"TO" is a preposition. You need OBJECT forms because this is OBJECT of a PREPOSITION. Give the package to her. Give the package to
Joe. Give the package to JOE and HER.

TO CALL him now.

NO.

Correct
c.
a.
c.
c.
d.
b.
b.
b.
c.
b.
c.
d.
d.
b.
a.
d.
d.
a.
c.
d.
b.
c.
d.
b.
a.
d.
d.
b.
b.
d.
b.
a.
d.

Explain:
In a negative PRESENT PERFECT or PAST PERFECT construction, put "yet" at the end. I haven't passed the ECL yet.
PROBLEM is a count noun. So you can have A LOT OF PROBLEMS or LOTS OF PROBLEMS.
Comparison with a one-syllable adjective.
---ER THAN
I am shorter than Tom.
He is richer than Bill.
umbrella = a shield against the rain or sun.
oven = heating device, cooking device. If it's like an oven, it's very hot.
irregular verb resent tense.
I FEEL happy. I FEEL sick.

One clause is the result of the other. There is a comma between the clauses, so you use "SO.' If there were a semicolon, you could use
"THEREFORE." It was extremely hot, so we went swimming. It was extremely hot; therefore, we went swimming.

This past tense sentences needs a FROM---TO structure. Class lasts FROM 0730 TO 1435.
moreover = furthermore = in addition = plus that = in addition to that = and also
abridged agreement
I hate something and so does my brother. I hate something and my brother does too.
object forms required bjects of preposition
Give the message to HIM. Give the message to HIS WIFE. Give the message to HIM and HIS
WIFE.
Two simultaneous events, both of them in the PAST PROGRESSIVE
new Celine Dion cassette.

As I WAS DRIVING to work this morning, I WAS LISTENING to my

IN the streets ON the sidewalk

terribly = awfully = VERY = extremely
terribly good = very good
terribly bad = very bad
We need an ADVERB ( -ly form) because it tells us HOW he went down the hall. Adverb of manner.
passive voice
The subject is plural. The sentences WERE WRITTEN by someone.
STUNDENTS is a count noun in the PLURAL. The only determiner that fits is ALL.
Based on the facts given, the comparison between Joe and Jim is the only one that is both factually and grammatically correct. Joe (16) is
younger than Jim (18).

"Which" is used for things. A shirt is a thing. "Who" and "whom" are only used for people.
go along with = phrasal verb meaning to accompany

person singular She

studies every night, DOESN'T she?

hand in" is HANDING IN. Before LEAVING your room, I make sure the door is locked. After finishing his homew
100 pounds of sugar = a quantity -= IT is a big quantity of sugar.
similar to HE same as
TROUBLE = a mass noun MUCH trouble
LOTS of trouble
A LOT OF trouble
TOO MUCH trouble
CARS = count noun Heavy traffic means TOO MANY CARS.
tag question
It is sn't it?
REQUEST
Would you open the window?
Would you please let Sgt. Jones finish speaking?
It takes "the." This is THE HARDEST test I have ever seen.
SUPERLATIVE FORM ood etter est.
PASSIVE VOICE
Something IS DONE by somebody. PAST TENSE of the PASSIVE. It WAS DONE by somebody.
You get a score ON a test.
Here, "experience" is a mass noun. You need some of it.
present tense tag question action

verbs needing "DO" in the tag hird

NO.

Correct
b.
d.
a.
b.
a.
b.
c.
c.
d.
a.
b.
b.
b.
b.
d.
d.
b.
a.
b.
c.
c.
a.
c.
a.
c.
c.
b.
a.
b.
d.
d.
d.

Explain:
irregular verb
DRINK DRANK DRUNK
passive voice. Requires the "be" auxiliary. Past tense.
TO PLAY basketball for the A team.
I was born = passive voice
You need the preposition "IN." "City" is a count noun.
The verb"need" requires the infinitive form in this structure.
After a connecting word like "where" in an embedded structure, you put the SUBJECT first, then THE VERB. I want to know WHEN THE
MOVIE STARTS.
When you work with the PRESENT PERFECT tense, you use "FOR" when you are given the total amount of time. If you are given only the
starting point, you use "SINCE." I have been here SINCE April 5.

fixed expression
TO BE TIRED OF something
superlative form of the adjective "good." GOOD BETTER
BEST
After the main verb "keep," you need to put the "-ing" form of a word. KEEP STUDYING and you will do fine.
You need an adjective here. "Studious" is the adjective form of "study."
turn down = refuse to accept = decline = reject = say "no" to
confusing = perplexing = hard to understand = difficult to decipher
modals
Should = advice
If he's sick, he should go to the doctor.
FALL
FELL
FALLEN
(simple past = FALL)
avalanche = snow falling rapidly down the side of a mountain
When frozen stuff starts to warm up, it MELTS (THAWS).
pronoun reference
He bought a car. He paid for IT.
IT refers to the car.
The wind BLOWS.
Only the progressive is possible here. The dust is DOING something.
Dust is a mass noun. THE DUST IS
were = past tense. The only choice in the past is HAD TO.
They HAD TO DO something.
yesterday = past tense
THE NEWS = singular
THE NEWS WAS BAD.
tasty = tastes good = delicious
vapor = steam
Choices A, B, and D all involve COLD. Only C involves HEAT.
hood = the part of the car that you lift up to look at the engine.
IF clause
FUTURE
might = possibility (WILL = future certainty)
The simple subject is "price." THE PRICE IS
Last Night = past tense. Only answer B is in the past. If I was unable to go, then I didn't go.
combined amount of time. Use "for" in these kinds of present perfect sentences.
IF clause. Unreal present. Subjunctive. If I were you
If you check your dictionary, you'll find that these are all engineering structures constructed to hold back large amounts of water.

NO.

Correct
b.
b.
d.
c.
a.
b.
d.
a.
d.
b.
d.
d.
b.
a.

Explain:
tag question Joe said idn't he? Affirmative in the main clause needs negative in the tag.
You CAUSE PROBLEMS FOR someone.
Introductory participial phrase. It has been reduced from "AS THEY WERE RUNNING TOWARD THE ICE CREAM TRUCK."
double negatives! You must not say "I didn't eat nothing."
STILL = but, yet, however
STILL can be used for CONTRAST structures
Another way of saying "It is great!" is "How great it is!"
AS = preposition of capacity (in the capacity of)
He will be acting AS the company commander for three weeks.
You have somebody DO something (simple form). I had the barber CUT my hair short. I had the bank CANCEL my credit card.
idiom
to be broke = to have no money
SUBJUNCTIVE
If I WERE you, I would study the "IF" clause patterns.
"IF" clause resent unreal.
You MAKE, LET or HAVE somebody DO (simple form) something. I made the children GO to bed early.
two-word verb
DROP OFF = to fall asleep for a short period of time while sitting up
INFERENCE MODAL
Based on some evidence, you come to a logical conclusion. There is a lot of laughter in that room. Someone MUST
be telling jokes.

b.
c.

to call on = to visit FIORMALLY

The modal SHOULD is here, and you must put simple form of a verb after a modal. The bushes SHOULD BE GETTING more water. As a

c.
d.
c.
d.

past tense. He SPENT years in the Corps before he retired.

We called him. Object form is required. The person WHOM we called will not come here today.
preposition of direction. You stare AT
You look AT
You point AT
"mind" takes gerund (-ing) form after it. See Book 34, page 4-19 for a big list of the verbs that take gerunds versus the ones that take

b.
b.
c.
b.

question, "Shouldn't they be getting more water?"

infinitives.
Would you mind CLOSING that window, please?
If the blank comes after the adjective, put "ENOUGH" in it.
basketball team. She is smart enough to join MENSA.

Are you rich enough to buy a Mercedes? He is tall enough to play on the

Something is ON the floor, touching the surface of the floor.

You can use either DESPITE or IN SPITE OF. There is no such phrase as DESPITE OF or IN SPITE.
fewer mistakes
MISTAKES is a count noun. This is a comparative structure. I have FEWER problems now than I did when I was a
teenager.

a.
c.

idiom A little white lie = a small lie = not serious = fib

When you turn a number into part of a hyphenated adjective, you drop the plural of the noun. A general wearing three stars = a three-STAR

b.
b.
a.
b.
d.
a.
d.

thus = therefore = hence A formal word used with a semicolon.

lame = something wrong with the leg or foot
reprimand = call down = scold = give a tongue-lashing to= chew out
The car cost a lot (past tenses), DIDN'T IT?
eat dry cat food for two weeks.
past of WILL is WOULD.
since = because
The second clause tells us WHY, so we need BECAUSE or SINCE.

general

a car with four doors = a four-door car

A run that lasts four miles = a four-MILE run

NO.

Correct
b.
a.
c.
d.
d.
a.
d.
b.
b.
d.
d.
a.
c.
b.
a.
opt 3
b.
c.
c.
c.
d.
c.
b.

Explain:
shame = bad =disgraceful = not good
fixed expression Something is difficult or easy FOR a person.
BY MEANS OF = using a certain tool, device, instrument, or method
You are comparing TWO things (people). OLD is just one-syllable. Put -ER after the adjective. Tommy is OLDER THAN the other son.
Tommy is THE OLDER of the two sons.

to get along = to make progress = to continue to do well with something

PAST UNREAL CONDITIONAL.
He did something FOR a measurable amount of time. Lincoln was President FOR five years.
it to WHILE CROSSING THE STREET.
This is a reduced structure: WHILE YOU ARE CROSSING THE STREET educe

The main clause contains the "BE" verb, so the second abridged clause must also contain the "BE" verb. That means "a" and "b" are the only
two possibilities. You have to say "and SO IS her daughter." You could also say "and her daughter IS TOO."

"As soon as" has the meaning of "when" in this sentence.

Passive voice is requited here. MUST BE MAILED.
ON the radio ON the television
fixed expression meaning "if it should happen." IN CASE OF rain, the game will be postponed. In case of an emergency, call 911.
DAY in this sentence is singular. EVERY DAY is the only one that fits. EACH DAY
They did it IN ORDER TO FIX it. We can reduce it: THEY DID IT (in order) TO FIX it.
TO is a preposition. The blank requires OBJECT FORM, object of the preposition. HIM and ME are the objects. Give the message to him.
Give
themessage
tome.
Give
themessage
tohim
andme.
I will make the secretary WORK overtime. I
You
MAKE,
LET,and
HAVE
somebody
DO(simple
form)
something, no matter what the tense.
will have the boss CALL you tomorrow. I have my students DO homework every night.
USED TO = WOULD = to have done something in the past, but not now. It is a modal and requires SIMPLE FORM. I used to LIVE in
Germany; now I live in Texas.

You practice DOING something. Put the "-ing" form after "practice."
These are correlative conjunctions. Either Mr. Jones or Ms. Smith is going to teach you next week.
Either r
Neither or
A place for tourists to visit is a tourist place. Don't use the word "touristic."
Sometimes we use an infinitive (TO form) as the subject of a sentence. TO STEAL is wrong. TO PASS the ECL is my immediate goal.
SUPERLATIVE
The adjective is 3 syllables long, so you must use "MOST" to express the superlative.
That is the MOST BEAUTIFUL
car I have ever seen.

She is THE MOST INTELLIGENT person I have ever met.

c.
b.
d.

This is an action in the past expressed in the simple past, so it happened "years ago."
This is a reduced structure. It started out as the clause "Because it was barking continuously," and we can reduce it to "Barking continuously."
CAUSE and EFFECT. The car is not expensive, SO you should buy it. "Therefore" is a stronger synonym for "so," requiring stronger

c.
c.
a.
a.
b.
c.
d.

The verb must agree with "hard question." A lot of hard questions ARE in this exercise.
The harder I tried, the better I did.

punctuation. You are studying a lot. THEREFORE, you should do well on the next test.

PRESENT UNREAL wish clause about something that is NOT true right now. The "wish" clauses work just like the "if" clauses. If I WERE
back home with my family right now, I would be happy.
It is common to reduce "Go and to just "go."
I will GO AND BUY some cigarettes. = I GO BUY some cigarettes. I have to GO AND MAIL a
letter. = I have to GO MAIL a letter.

The verb must agree with "ONE." "Neither one." Neither one os the children IS at home right now.
"you-neek." He has A UNIQUE accent.
passive voice. The verb must agree with "cake."

NO.

Correct
a.
d.
c.
c.
b.
d.

Explain:
passive voice. The verb must agree with "cakes."
The adjective form of "Spain" is "Spanish."
Put the " - ing" form after "avoid." He avoided FALLING because he grabbed ahold of the railing.
Conditional resent

unreal F JOE WERE

There is an entire section of "IF' clauses in this databank IF YOU WANT TO TRY THEM.

Put "ing" form after "recall." Book 34 has a good page that lists the verbs that take the gerund and/or infinitive after them
"Homework" is a mass noun. "Much Homework" "Too much homework." You could say "Too many homework assignments," because
"assignments" is a count noun.

b.
b.
d.
b.
a.
d.

fixed expression: TO BE INTERESTED IN something

(adjective) faint = very soft
(verb) faint = pass out = black out = lose consciousness
comparison
one-syllable adjective
ONE THING IS -er THAN ANOTHER.
plural subject future (next week) PROGRESSIVE PASSIVE
THEY ARE BEING REASSIGNED
wade = to walk, usually with the water not higher than your knees.
DRAPES = CURTAINS
window coverings made of cloth (fabric)
NOTE: Rugs and carpets are basically the same, so answers A

b.
c.

IF clause

and C cancel each other out.

UNREAL present

If I WERE

After certain VERBS of URGENCY, a "that" clause

counter two hours prior to departure.

takes a subjunctive (simple) form. The airline agent insisted that Steve CHECK IN at the

d.
a.
d.

GIVE OUT = to stop working, to cease functioning The engine finally gave out after about 120,000 miles.
A DOZEN THINGS, not a dozen OF things. However, you can say A COUPLE OF ROSES. And you can say something like "There were

d.
b.
d.
c.
a.
b.
b.

preposition of time
FOR a short period of TIME. I visited them FOR the two days of Christmas.
CAUSE is the simple subject. The verb must agree with CAUSE. The CAUSE HAS not been determined.
as if = in such a manner like
to think something through = to consider it carefully, to weigh all the options
used to = would
To have done something in the past but not now.
You jump TO conclusions. (It's a set phrase.)
After certain VERBS of URGENCY, you have to put SIMPLE FORM in the "that" clause. The policeman INSISTED that Joe GET out of the

b.
b.
a.
a.
a.
c.
b.
d.

idiom to hit the ceiling = to be angry = to be explosively angry, like a bomb.

b.

exception

sixty people on the plane, and a dozen of them were injured. However, you cannot say A DOZEN OF ROSES.

car with his hands up.

LIVID = to be so angry that you might turn purple in the face.

WHOM will not fit here.
The word in the blank must be a SUBJECT form E or SHE WILL WATCH my apartment.
would be happy.
CALL her family. It is imperative that he GET 80 on the next ECL.
In a NEITHER OR structure where one element is singular and the other is plural, make the verb agree with the element closer to it. Neither
the father nor his sons ARE here right now.

DOING things. The progressive would not make much sense here, so the simple form is best. I SAW the policeman SHOOT the suspect.
Put a gerund ( -ing form) after ANTICIPATE or LOOK FORWARD TO.
This is a reduced clause structure. The money WHICH WAS STOLEN FROM THE BANK can be reduced down to THE MONEY STOLEN
FROM THE BANK .

I AM, AREN'T I?

More formal = I AM< AM I NOT?

NO.CorrectExplain:c.This started out as the clause AFTER HE HAD FINISHED THE TEST We can reduced it to the phrase HAVING FINISHED c.MAY = modal of
possibilityYou are suggesting that this is one of the things that MAY, MIGHT, or COULD have happened.a.clause.d.When you create a hyphenated adjective using anumber and a
unit of measurement, the unit of measurement goes from plural to singular.The movie was 4 hours long. = It was a four-hour movie. The book is 300 pages long. = It is a 300-page book.a.It is I = the correct formal structure. I AM
guilty.Therefore, it is I who am guilty.c.Certain verbs of URGENCY required the simple form in a following 'THAT" clause. The policeman ordered that Joe GET out
of the car.b.Reported speech. After the connecting words "whose shoes," the subject "those" must come. She wants to know whose shoes those are.b.to buy
this CD.a.This is the REDUCED SUBJUNTIVE. "If I had been there" can be reduced to "Had I been there." c.This is a modal. "He need not" do something = He
doesn't need to do it. You need not do it = You don't need to do it.b.A main verb "KNEW" in the past needs the following verb to also be in the past.b.ANGERING all
the students.c.An infinitive can be the subject of a sentence.So can a gerund.TO RUN is good exercise. RUNNING is good exercise.a.to bring up = to raise = to
rear = to bring up = to help grow upb.to snoop = to pry into = toc.future perfect tenseBy the time I retire, I will have worked for this company for 35
years.b."BEFORE" is a preposition of time here. You need a noun after it."Starting" is the gerund or noun form of "to start."a.Reduced clause. "After he had finished"
can be reduced to the phrase "Having finished." a."To tie the knot" is an idiom meaning to get married.a.c.a grand = slang term for a thousand dollarsFIVE
GRAND = $5,000b.perk up = become alert = become attentive = pay attention = listen intentlyd.A NUMBER = plural(More than two aybe more than several )A
NUMBER OF PROBLEMS HAVE ARISEN during your absence.a.THE NUMBER = singular(It's only ONE number.) THE NUMBER OF WHITE TIGERS IS
dedcreasing rapidly.a.HIT THE SLOPES = ski down the mountainsidesd.FOR is a preposition, so you need OBJECTS OF THE PREPOSITION."For Joe" and "for
me." "For Joe and me." It is easy FOR MARY AND ME to understand Julio's accent.