Robotics in real world

Robots are very useful things. For example, if a building collapses, with people trapped in it,
robots small enough can go in there and search for human survivors. When these little robots find
a survivor they let the rescue team know so they can dig out the survivor. This will reduce the
time that rescue teams look for humans still alive in the debris saving more lives. Also, these
small robots designed to go into building debris can bring oxygen supplies to the survivor to
keep him or her alive while the rescue people dig the him or her out.
Robots are very use to doing our dirty work in industry. They perform tedious, unpleasant and
very dangerous jobs that would be too dangerous for humans to do and robots can do jobs for us
that we wouldn't survive. As well as rescuing people from disasters, they are in use with military
forces performing surveillance and de-mining work. Soon they will be able to navigate through
hazardous terrain.
Robots are not affected by harmful chemicals, high radiation areas and high temperatures and
they don't need oxygen to survive which makes them great for performing this dirty and
dangerous work such as working in environments which would harm humans and sometimes kill
people. Robots can inspect nuclear reactors. There is already one working in the Chernobyl
nuclear plant in the Ukraine. In 1986, it was one of the world's worst nuclear accidents ever.
There are fears that the concrete and steel tomb built around the damaged reactor may be
crumbling so this led to a robot moving around in this environment scanning walls, floors and
ceilings for damage.

Robots are also very useful in our homes doing chores for us, helping us and making our lives
easier. They can also help to do jobs which elderly or disabled people would find very difficult or
impossible to do.
Coming out are vacuum cleaner robots. These robots can do the vacuum cleaning for you so you
don't have to and you can save your time doing something else! The robot contains a radar round
it so it can detect walls and obstacles. However, it does eat battery power and takes a whopping
12 hours to re-charge for only about 2 hours of cleaning!

Robots are also very useful for space travel. NASA and ESA use them a lot to explore worlds
humans can't visit. From deep down in the Earth's oceans to the freezing world of Mars, robot
explorers go and find out more which scientists discover. Robots can go into potentially
dangerous environments and safely explore around. The 1997 Mars Pathfinder mission used a
robot explorer which analyzed Martian rock and soil.

A robotic arm in space can also help construction of space stations so astronauts don't have to.

Many Mars rovers are planned for the future. They are controlled from Earth. The robot on the
planet's surface beams back the data to the orbiter which sends the results back to Earth for
scientists to analyse.
For this project, we will be using three pairs of IR sensors which will be attached to
the bottom of the robot. These 3 sensors will be classified as left sensor, middle
sensor and right sensor. A view of the placement of the sensors is as below:

The distance between the two sensors depends on the width. The sensor should be
placed in such a way that maximum distance of two sensors is equal to the width of
the line as shown in figure below.

Sensor
Response
Left

Middle

Right

Go Straight

Turn Left

Turn Right