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Stilling Basin
Ove rvie w
Stilling Basin
Ove rvie w
Stilling ba sins a re pla ce d a t the e nds of
da m spillwa ys a nd a t the e nds of ste e pslope d ca na l se ctions whe re e le va tion
cha nge ha s ge ne ra te d high kine tic
e ne rgy
Stilling come in a va rie ty of type s a nd
ca n e ithe r conta in a stra ight drop to a
lowe r e le va tion or a n incline d chute
Incline d chute s a re the most common
de sign for stilling ba sins a nd the most
use d incline d chute s a re :
USBR Stilling Ba sins Type II-IV
SAF Stilling Ba sins
The de signs a re se le cte d ba se d off of
the Froude Numbe r of the flow a nd the
flow ve locity
Flows >20m/s typica lly ca use ca vita tion be hind the blocks,
da ma ging the stilling ba sin
http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/engineering/hydraulics/pubs/06086/hec14.pdf
Failure Mechanisms
Stilling Ba sin Swe e pout
Ta ilwa te r is insufficie nt a nd doe s not a llow hydra ulic jump to form a nd
sta bilize in the stilling ba sin which re sults in a ny or a ll of the se fa ilure s
1) Erosion in downstre a m cha nne l
2) He a dcutting a nd progre ssive fa ilure up spillwa y chute
3) Erosion of toe of e mba nkme nt da m
4) Uplift pre ssure ca using the stilling ba sin to floa t
5) Erosion of stilling ba sin founda tion
6) Ultima te fa ilure of the stilling ba sin
Failure Mechanisms
Ba ll Milling
Crushe d ma te ria l (sa nds, gra ve ls, a nd cobble s) a re dra wn into stilling ba sin
from downstre a m a nd tra ppe d in hydra ulic jump
Tra ppe d ma te ria l e rode s stilling ba sin concre te through grinding proce ss
Ove r time , stilling ba sin founda tion is unde rmine d, he a dcutting progre sse s
upstre a m a nd ca n e ve ntua lly ca use re se rvoir bre a ch
Unlike ly to ca use comple te fa ilure be ca use ba ll milling ta ke s a ve ry long
time a nd re gula r inspe ctions will re pa ir da ma ge ca use d
1 - 3 From Le ft to Right
1)Stilling ba sin swe e pout initia te s he a dcutting upstre a m
2)Spillwa y ove rtopping initia te s e rosion of spillwa y ba ckfill
3)He a dcutting progre sse s to bre a ch re se rvoir
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