Professional Documents
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Trigonometric Functions
Solutions
SECTION - A
Objective Type Questions (One option is correct)
Elementary Trigonometric Functions
1.
5
4
(2)
5
3
(3)
5
2
(4) 5
2.
7
is
6
(2) 210
(3) 250
(4) 270
(4) sin1
sin1c
180
(4) sin1
1
sin1c
180
(3) 2
(4) 0
(2) 4
If tan = 3 and lies in the III quadrant, then the value of sin is
(1)
1
10
(2)
1
10
(3)
3
10
(4)
3
10
48
7.
Trigonometric Functions
If tan
(1)
4
, then sin is
3
4
4
but not
5
5
(2)
4
4
or
5
5
(3)
4
5
but not
5
4
(4)
4
5
and
both
5
4
8.
4
is negative, lies either in the II quadrant or in the IV quadrant. Thus
3
4
4
if lies in the II quadrant and sin , if lies in the IV quadrant.
5
5
If A lies in the second quadrant and 3 tan A + 4 = 0, then the value of 2cotA 5cosA + sinA is equal to
(1)
53
10
(2)
23
10
(3)
37
10
(4)
7
10
4
tan A
3
3
3 4
= 2 5
4
5
5
9.
6
4
3
4
5
30 60 16 46 23
20
20 10
The circular wire of diameter 10 cm is cut and placed along the circumference of a circle of diameter 1 m. The
angle subtended by the wire at the centre of the circle is equal to
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
10
Length of arc 10
Radius
50
5
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Trigonometric Functions
49
(2) 2secA
(3) 0
(4) 1
=11=0
11.
If cos
1
and 0 360 , then the values of are
2
1
2
4
and
2
3
3
3
3
(2) 2sin15
(3) 1
(4) 0
(3) 0
(4) 1
(3) 1
(4) 1
(2) 2
(2) Negative
1
2
(2) 0
50
Trigonometric Functions
16. If sec
(1)
2 3cot
13
, 0 , then the value of
is
5
2
4 9 sec 2 1
15
352
(2)
15
352
(3)
30
352
(4)
5
352
13
,0
5
2
5
23
2 3cot
12
=
12
49
4 9 sec 2 1
5
13
12
( sec 2 1 tan2 )
3/4
15
88/5
352
17. The value of (cosecA.cosecB cot A.cot B )2 (cosecA.cot B cosecB .cot A)2 is
(1) 1
(2) 2
(3) 0
(4) 1
(2) a 4 4a 2 2
(3) a 4 4a 2 2
(4) a 4 2a 2 4
19. If acos + bsin = 3 and asin bcos = 4, then a2 + b2 has the value
(1) 25
(2) 14
(3) 7
(4) 15
Trigonometric Functions
51
20. Suppose that a cos = b and c sin = d, for and some constants a, b, c, d. Then which of the following is
true?
(1) a 2c 2 b 2c 2 a 2d 2
(2) a 2d 2 b 2c 2 a 2 c 2
(3) b 2c 2 a 2d 2 a 2 c 2
(4) a 2 b 2 b 2c 2 c 2 d 2
a cos b, c sin d
cos
b
d
,sin
a
c
b2
a2
d2
c2
b 2c 2 a 2d 2 a 2c 2
(2) 4
x
for x [ , ] is
10
(3) 2
(4) 1
sin x
x
, x [ , ]
10
(2) 1
(3) 2
(4) 3
(3) 0
(4) 1
23. If tan
(1)
p sin q cos
p
, then the value of
is
p sin q cos
q
p2 q 2
p2 q 2
(2)
p2 q 2
p2 q 2
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52
Trigonometric Functions
tan
p p sin q cos
,
?
q p sin q cos
p tan q p 2 q 2
(2) Negative
(3) Zero
= negative
25. Which of the following is correct?
(1) tan1 > tan2
2
1
(2) (+ 2) radian
(3) radian
(4) ( 3) radian
1
2r where r is radius of the circle and l is the length of the arc i.e. l r
2
2r r r
( 2) radian
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Trigonometric Functions
53
sin
(1)
1
1
, cos , tan 3, is
2
2
22
3
21
3
(2)
(3)
20
3
(4) 8
sin
cos
1
2
, 2
4
4
1
,
2
3
3
tan 3
, 2
3
3
2 22
3
3
28. The angles of a triangle are in A.P. and the number of degrees in the least to the number of radians in greatest
is 60 to . The angles in degree are
(1) 60, 60, 60
d 180 60
d = 30
Hence the angles are 30, 60, 90.
29. If ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral such that 12tanA 5 = 0 and 5cosB+3 = 0, then the quadratic equation
whose roots are cosC and tanD is
(1) 39 x 2 16 x 48 0
(2) 39 x 2 88 x 48 0
(3) 39 x 2 88 x 48 0
(4) 39 x 2 13 x 46 0
tan A
5
3
cos B
12
5
A + C = ,
B+D=
C = A,
D=B
cos C cos A
=
12
13
tan D tan B
=
4
3
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54
Trigonometric Functions
12 4
12 4
x 0
Equation whose roots are cos C and tan D is x 2
13 3
13 3
39 x 2 16 x 48 0
(2) 1
(3) 24
(4) 25
cos sec 1
sin8 cos8 0 1 1
31. If the maximum value of cos(cosx) is a and minimum value is b, then
(1) b = cos a
(2) a = cos b
(3) a = 0
(4) b = 0
(3) 2k
(4)
y cos(cos x )
y max 1 a, when x
b = cos a
32. If
1 sin A cos A
2sin A
is
k , then
1 sin A
1 sin A cos A
(1)
k
2
(2) k
1
k
2sin A
1 sin A cos A
k,
?
1 sin A cos A
1 sin A
k
1 sin A cos A
1 sin A
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Trigonometric Functions
55
33. If sin x sin2 x 1, then the value of cos12 x 3cos10 x 3cos8 x cos6 x 1 is equal to
(1) 0
(2) 1
(3) 1
(4) 2
sin x cos2 x
cos 2 S1
34. If
29
and
r 15
(1) cot
sin 2 S2 ,
then
r 15
(2) tan
S1
equals
S2
(3) cot
(4) tan
r 15
29
r 15
cos
S1
2
S2
sin
2
29
S1 =
r 15
cos
2
15
16
29
cos
cos
.... cos
2
cos
29
S2 =
r 15
sin
2
S1
S2
cos
sin = cot
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56
Trigonometric Functions
(3) 1 + cos21
(2) 2
(4) cos22
36. If
sin4 x cos4 x 1
, then
2
3
5
(1) tan2 x
(3)
1
3
sin8 x cos8 x
1
8
27
125
(2) tan2 x
1
4
(4) sin2 x
3
4
sin4 x cos4 x 1
2
3
5
5(3tan4x + 2) = 6 sec4x
15tan4x + 10 = 6 + 6tan4 x + 12 tan2x
9tan4x 12tan2 x + 4 = 0
(3tan2x 2)2 = 0
2
2
tan x 3
sin2 x
2
3
& cos2 x
5
5
2
3
sin8 x sin8 x
8
27
16
81
8 625 27 625
5
1
625 125
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Trigonometric Functions
57
37. If a sin2 b cos2 m, b sin2 a cos n, a tan b tan , then which of the following is true?
(1)
1 1 1 1
n m a b
(2)
1 1 1 1
n m a b
2
2
2
2
(3) m n a b
(4) m 2 n 2 a 2 b 2
(1)
bsin2 + acos2 = n
(2)
atan = btan(ii)
(3)
mb
am
(4)
na
bn
(5)
1 1 1 1
n m a b
Transformation Formulae
38. The value of sin75 is equal to
(1)
2 3
2
(2)
3 1
2 2
(3)
3 1
2 2
(4)
3 1
2 2
39. If tan
(1)
1
1
and tan , then the value of + is
2
3
(2)
(3) 0
(4)
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58
Trigonometric Functions
tan tan
1 tan tan
(1) 1
(2) 0
(3) 1
5 1
8
(1)
(2)
5 1
8
5 1
5
(3)
5 1
(4)
2 2
(2) 2sin
(3) 1
(4) 0
(1)
4
5
and sin( )
where , lie between 0 and , then the value of tan (2) is
5
13
4
25
16
(2)
56
33
(3)
19
12
(3)
3
2
(4)
20
7
cos( )
4
5
tan( )
3
4
sin( )
5
13
tan( )
5
12
tan tan( )
tan 2 tan ( )
1 tan( ) tan( )
(1) 1
1 tan2 15
is
1 tan2 15
(2)
(4) 2
1
1 tan2 15 cos2 15 sin2 15
3
2
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Trigonometric Functions
59
(2) 45
(3) 60
(4) 75
1
2
(2) 1
(3)
1
2
(4)
(3)
1
2
(4) 2
1
8
= 2cos72
1
2cos120 cos36
2
= cos72 cos36
108 36
= 2sin
sin
2
2
= 2sin54sin18
5 1 5 1
= 2
4 4
1
2
(2) 0
= (cos20) cos20
=0
(1) sin
2
5
sin sin
sin
is
18
9
9
18
7
4
sin
18
9
(2) 1
(3) cos
3
cos
6
7
(4) cos
sin
9
9
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60
Trigonometric Functions
3
2
cos
cos
18
18
18
cos
9
18
= sin sin
2 9
2 18
sin
7
8
sin
18
18
= sin
7
4
sin
18
9
(1)
13
sin
is
10
10
1
2
(2)
1
2
(3)
1
4
(4) 1
(4)
sin18 sin
10
= sin18sin54
5 1 5 1
=
4 4
4
1
16
4
(2)
(3)
sin A 2cos
B C
B C
.cos
2
2
A
B C
sin A 2cos cos
2 2
2
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sin A 2sin
Trigonometric Functions
A
B C
cos
2
2
2sin
A
A
A
B C
cos 2 sin cos
0
2
2
2
2
2sin
A
A
B C
cos cos
0
2
2
2
cos
61
A
B C
cos
0
2
2
A
A
A 0 or 2 0 sin 2 0
A B C
2
2
AB+C=0
A+C=B
Also, A + B + C = 180
2B = 180
B = 90 or
1
cot10
8
(2)
1
tan10
8
(3)
1
sec10
4
(4)
1
cosec10
4
1
sin10
2
9
3
5
2cos cos cos cos is
13
13
13
13
(1) 0
(2) 1
(3) 1
(4) 2
10
8
3
5
= cos
cos cos cos
13
13
13
13
3
5
3
5
= cos cos cos cos
13
13
13
13
3
5
3
5
= cos cos cos cos
13
13
13
13
=0
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62
Trigonometric Functions
(2)
1
2
(3) 0
(4) 1
(3) 3
(4) 4
54. If tan A
(1) 1
(2) 2
1 tan2 A
1
2 4
1 3
1
4
2
tan 2 A tan B
tan(2 A B )
=
1 tan 2 A tan B
4 1
3 3 3
4 1
1
3 3
(4) tan6A
4
and lies in the III quadrant, then the value of cos is
2
5
56. If sin
(1)
(2)
1
10
(3)
1
5
(4)
1
10
< 135
2
This means
cos
will be negative.
2
If sin
4
3
, then cos
5
5
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Trigonometric Functions
63
cos 2cos2
1
2
2cos2 1
5
2
2cos2
cos2
cos
2 5
2 5
[Since
lies in the II quadrant]
2
5
2
(1) 2 3
(3) 2 3
(4) 2 3
(3) tan
(4) cot
sin75 cos75
cos75 sin75
sin2 75 cos2 75
2cos(75 2)
=
sin75 cos75
sin(75 2)
(1)
2cos150 2cos30
2 3
sin150
sin30
sin sin 2
is
1 cos cos 2
1
tan
2
(2)
1
cot
2
=
2
cos
1 cos cos 2 cos 2cos
(2)
1
sin 4 A
2
(3)
1
sin 4 A
4
(4) sin2A
1
sin 4 A
2
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64
Trigonometric Functions
tan
is
12
12
(1)
(2) 2 3
(3)
3
2
3
2
(4)
tan
tan
12
12
= tan75 tan15
= cot15 tan15
2 3 2 3
2 3
is equal to
2
a
b
(2)
b
a
(3)
a2 b2
(4)
a
b
2
b
b
tan
2
a
3 +1
62. If tan =
3 1
(1) 2 3
(2) 1
(3) 1
(4) 2 3
tan
3 1
2 3 tan75
= 75
cos 2 2 3 sin 2
sin2 3 2 3 2 sin50 2
1
1
2
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Trigonometric Functions
3
, cos(1 + 2 ) = and
4
5
cos(1 2) =
4
, then sin21 equal to
5
(1) 1
(2) 1
(3) 2
65
(4) 2
3
4
, cos 1 2
5
5
4 4 3 3
. .
5 5 5 5
25
1
25
64. If sin =
1
1
,cos = , then belongs to, where 0 < ,
2
2
3
3 2
2 3
(1) ,
(2) ,
2 5
,
3 6
5
,
6
(3)
(4)
(3) [4, 4]
(4) [10, 7]
sin
1
,
2
,
6
cos
1
3
2
,
2 3
(2) [10, 4]
1 48 3 7 3 4
Minimum value = 7 3 = 10
Rf = [ 10, 4]
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66
Trigonometric Functions
(2) 5
(3) 4
(4) 2
1 sin 2cos
4
1
2
1
1
1 sin
2 cos
2
2
3
2
sin
3
2
Maximum value =
cos
9 9
1 3 1 4
2 2
cos cos ........cos n equals
4
8
16
2
cosec n
2
2
1
(1)
(2)
1
n 1
cosec n 1
2
(3)
cosec n1
2
2
1
(4)
1
n 1
cosec n
2
cos .cos .cos ........cos n
4
8
16
2
= cosA.cos2A.cos2nA . cos2n2A., A
1
n
2 sin A
sin 2n 1 A
2n A
sin
2
2n sin
sin
2
2 sin
2n
1
2n sin n
2
1
2n
cosec n
2
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Trigonometric Functions
67
68. The expression tan + 2tan2 + 4tan4 + 8cot8 is equal to (if all terms are defined)
(1) tan
(2) cot
(3)
1
tan 2
2
(4)
1
cot
2
3
5
+ sin
+ sin +........ to n terms is equal to
n
n
n
(1) 1
(2) 0
(3)
n
2
(4)
n 1
2
(3)
n
1
2
(4)
n 1
2
3
5
sin
sin
.......
n
n
n
2
sin n.
2n
2
sin (n 1) 0
n
2n
2
sin
2n
n 1
71.
cos2
r =1
(1)
r
is equal to
n
n
2
(2)
n 1
2
cos2
r 1
cos2
r
n
2
3
(n 1)
cos2
cos2
......... cos2
n
n
n
n
1
2
4
(n 1) cos cos
........ upto n 1 terms
2
n
n
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68
Trigonometric Functions
sin (n 1)
n 1 1
n
2
(n 2)
cos
n
2
2
n
sin
n
n 1 1 n
1
2
2 2
(1) 1
(2) 3
(3)
1
3
(4) 2
1
64
(4)
3
3
K=3
73. The value of sin
3
5
13
sin sin ........sin
is equal to
14
14
14
14
(1) 1
(2)
1
16
(3)
1
32
3
5
7
9
11
13
.sin .sin .sin .sin .sin
.sin
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
sin2
3
5
.sin2
.sin2
14
14
14
3
5
2
3
7
7
7
1
8
1
64
74. In a triangle ABC, tanA + tanB + tanC = 6 and tanAtanB = 2, then value of tanA, tanB and tanC are
(1) 3, 1, 2
(2) 1, 2, 4
(3) 1, 2, 3
(4) 2, 2, 2
tan C
6
3
2
Trigonometric Functions
(1) 1
69
A
B
A+B
sin cos
, then a b is equal to
2
2
2
(2) Zero
1
2
(3) 1
(4)
(3) 2
(4) 2
2cos
AB
AB
AB
cos
2cos2
1
2
2
2
1 2cos
AB
AB
A B
cos
cos
2
2
2
1 2cos
AB
A
B
2sin sin
2
2
2
1 4cos
AB
A
B
sin sin
2
2
2
=1+b
ab=1
76. The value of tan615 15tan415 + 15tan215 3 is
(1) 1
(2) 1
sin B sin C
cos C sin B
(2) cot B =
sin A sin C
cos C cos A
(3) tan A =
sin A sin C
cos C cos B
(4) tan B =
sin B sin C
cos C cos B
AC
2
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70
Trigonometric Functions
A C
cot B cot
2
A C
cos
2
A C
sin
2
A C
A C
cos
sin
2
2
A C
A C
sin
sin
2
2
78.
cos
sin A sinC
cosC cos A
3
5
+ cos
+ cos
K cot , then K is equal to
14
14
14
14
(1) 1
(2)
1
2
(3) 2
(4) 2
cos
3
5
cos
cos
K cot
14
14
14
14
cos
2cos
cos
K cot
14
14
14
14
4
2 cos cos
14
14
2cos
sin
14 cos
14
sin
14
K .cos
sin
K sin
14
14
14
5
3
sin
K sin
14
14
14
K sin
2 sin
5
3
sin
sin
14
14
14
3
2
3
sin
cos
14
14
14
2 sin
2cos2
14
14
4 sin
3
cos2
14
14
1
2
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Trigonometric Functions
71
(2) 9
(3) 3
(4) 8
16 cos2 cos
2
2
16 cos
2
1
6
4
16
Minimum value = 16
9
9
16
(2) 1
(3) 2
(4) Zero
cot.cot2.cot3 .cot(2n 1)
1
81. The value of tan7 is equal to
2
(1)
3 2
(2)
2 +1
3 2
2 1
(3)
3+ 2
2 +1
(4)
3+ 2
2 1
tan
Put
1 cos 2
sin2
15
2
15 1 cos15
tan
2
sin15
3 1
2 2
3 1
2 2
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72
Trigonometric Functions
2 2 3 1
3 1
3 1
3 1
2 6 3 3 2 2 3 1
3 1
2 6 42 3 2 2
2
6 4 3 2
3 2 2 1
6 4 3 2
3 2
2 1
3 2
2 1
82. If tan a , where a is a rational number which is not a perfect square, then which of the following is a
rational number?
(1) sin2
(2) tan2
(3) cos2
(4) cosec2
tan a
sin 2
1
a
1 a
2 a
sin2
1 a
cos 2 2cos2 1 2
1
1
1 a
2 1 a 1 a
1 a
a 1
(2)
(3) 5
(4)
2sin18 3 4cos2 18
cos18
2sin18 3 4 4 sin2 18
cos18
4 sin2 18 2sin18 1
cos18
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5 1
16
2.
cos18
Trigonometric Functions
73
5 1
1
4
62 5 2 5 24
0
4cos18
2cos2 = 4sin2
(2)
1
3
(3) 1
(4) 1
1
3
(2) 90cot1
(3) sin1
(4) 90cos1
sin 44
2
2
180
sin 2 (44 1). 90
2
2
sin
2
180
sin 44
sin 45 90
sin1
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74
Trigonometric Functions
180
2
sin(45 1)
90
sin1
1
1
cos1
sin1
180 2
2
90
sin1
2
180 1
1
cot1
90
2 2
2
90 cot1
180
90
2
= 90cot1
87. If cos2x + 2cosx = 1, then sin2x(2 cos2x) is equal to
(1) 1
(2) 1
(3) 5
(4)
(3) tan2n + 1
(4) tan2n 2
tan
2
cos
cos 2
cos 4
2cos2
2
2
2
2 2cos 2cos 2
cos
cos 2
cos 4
cos
2
sin
cos .cos 2
23 sin .cos .
2
2
cos 4
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22 sin .cos .
Trigonometric Functions
75
cos 2
cos 4
sin2 cos 2
cos 4
= tan4
= tan22
89. The value of [100(x 1)] is where [x] is the greatest integer less than or equal to x and x =
cos n
n 1
44
sin n
n 1
(1) 140
(2) 141
(3) 142
(4) 144
44
cos n
n 1
sin 44.
1
2
cos 1 (44 1)
2
1
sin
2
sin 44.
1
2
sin 1 (44 1)
1
2
sin
2
1
1
2
cot 22
1
2
sin 22
cos 22
2 1
100
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76
Trigonometric Functions
90. If
,
2
tan = cot
tan
tan tan
1 tan tan
2
2
(1) f ,
f 5 , 5
5
5
(2) f , = f ,
12
3
3 12
(3) 3f , f ,
5
3
3 5
(4) f ,
3f 18 , 4
4
18
f , 1 2sin2
sin2
12 3
12
3
1 2
1
3 1
3 42 3
3
4
16
3 2 3
8
863
8
23 3
8
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Trigonometric Functions
77
92. Let f(x) = cos10x + cos8x + 3cos4x + 3cos2x and g(x) = 8cosxcos33x, then for all x we have
(1) f(x) = g(x)
93.
r =1
sin(n + 1)
sin cos n
(1)
(2)
sin n
sin2 cos(n + 1)
(3)
tan(n + 1)
sin n
(4)
sin(n 1)
sin cos n
cos cos(2r 1)
r 1
1
1
1
.........
cos cos3 cos cos5
cos cos(2n 1)
1
1
1
.........
2cos 2 cos 2cos3 cos 2
2cos(n 1).cos n
1 sin(2 )
sin(3 2)
........
........
2 sin
cos 2.cos
cos3 cos 2
1
[tan2 tan + tan3 tan2 + tan(n + 1) tann]
2sin
1
[tan(n + 1) tan]
2sin
1
sin(n 1 1)
sin n
cos(n 1).sin2
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78
Trigonometric Functions
(2)
1
81
(3)
1
243
(4)
1
27
1
243
o
35
m
sin5k tan n , where m and n are relatively prime positive integers that satisfy
k 1
m
n 90 , then m + n is equal to
(1) 173
(2) 175
(3) 177
(4) 179
sin5k tan n
k 1
m
n
sin 35
5
m
2
2
n
5
sin
2
175
sin
2
m
175 5
sin
tan
2
n
5
sin
2
175
sin
2
m
tan
n
5
sin
2
175
m
sin
sin
2
n
175
m
cos
cos
2
n
m 175
n
2
m + n = 175 + 2 = 177
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96. For
Trigonometric Functions
79
sin + sin2
<< ,
lies in the interval
2
2 1 + cos + cos 2
(1) (, )
(2) (2, 2)
(3) (0, )
(4) (1, 1)
sin sin 2
1 cos cos 2
sin (1 2cos )
cos (1 2cos )
= tan ; tan (, )
A
B
C
C
(1)
K 1
K +1
(2)
K 1
K 1
(3)
K
K +1
(4)
K 1
K
sin A K sin
2
2
sin A
2 K
C
1
sin
2
C
C
sin A sin
2
2 K 1
C
C K 1
sin A sin
2
2
A
A C
2 sin
cos
2
2 K 1
A
C
A
K 1
2cos
sin
2
2
B
A
cos
2.
2 K 1
B
A
K 1
sin
sin
2
2
cos
sin
A
B K 1
.sin
2
2 K 1
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80
Trigonometric Functions
(2)
1
2
(3) 2
(4) 3
(3) 45
(4) 60
(2) 30
1
cos 60
2
2 = 60
= 30
1
, then the value of is
4
100. If sin2
(1) n
(2) n
(3) n
(4) n
(1) ,
4 4
3 5
(3) ,
4 4
3
(2) ,
4 4
5 7
(4) ,
4 4
sin 2
sin 2 0
3 6
2
2
4
6 5 , 7
4 4 4
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Trigonometric Functions
81
(1) n
(2)
3 12
(3) n
(4) n
5
6
(2)
4
6
(3)
2
3
(4)
5
6
tan 3
Taking n = 1, we get
2 4
3
3
6
104. The total number of solutions of the equation tanx + secx = 2 which lie in the interval [0, 2] is
(1) 0
(2) 1
(3) 2
(4) 3
tan x
3
for 2 values of x.
4
(2)
5
6
(3)
7
6
(4)
7
6
sec
2
3
cos
3
2
5
(Principal)
6
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82
Trigonometric Functions
106. The number of solutions of the equation2tan2 7sec 2 = 0 in the interval [0, 6] is
(1) 8
(2) 6
(3) 4
(4) Zero
7
2
5
, n , n I
12
12
(2) x
(3) x n , n , n I
4
12
n
, n I
3 12
5
(4) x n , n , n I
4
12
tan x tan2 x
1
1 tan x tan2 x
tan3x = 1
3 x n
3 12
11
4
(2)
15
4
(3)
23
4
(4)
17
4
tan A tan B
1
1 tan A tan B
tan(A + B) = 1
A B n
For n = 3, A B
11
4
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Trigonometric Functions
83
109. The number of solution of the equation tan3x tan2x tan3x tan2x = 1 in [0, 2] is
(1) 1
(2) Zero
(3) 3
(4) 2
tan3 x tan2 x
1
1 tan3 x tan2 x
tanx = 1
x n
5
x , , ........
4 4
But for each of values tan2x, tan3x will not be defined. Therefore no solution exists.
Trick : Always check the values by back substitution in case of tanx.
110. If x (0, 1), then greatest root of the equation sin2x 2cos x is
(1)
1
4
(2)
1
2
(3)
3
4
(4)
1
3
x (2n 1)
(2n 1)
2
1 5
x , , ........
2 2
or
sin x
1
2
x n ( 1)n
x n
( 1)n
4
3 1 9
x , , ........
4 4 4
3
.
4
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84
Trigonometric Functions
(2) 6
(3) 4
(4) 2
1
2
or
cos
4
3
(1) n
7
4
n
(2) n ( 1)
7
4
1
is (n I)
2
(3) 2n
7
4
(4) 2n
5
4
tan 1, cos
1
2
3 7
,
4 4
1
2
7
,
4 4
Common
7
4
General solution : 2n
7
4
(1) 2n , 2n , n I
6
2
(3) 2n
; n I
2
(2) 2n , n I
6
(4) 2n
; n 2k 1, n, k I
2
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Trigonometric Functions
85
sec tan 3
We know that sec2 tan2 = 1
(sec tan) (sec + tan) = 1
sec tan
1
3
sec tan 3
2sec 3
sec
1
3
4
3
2
3
cos
3
2
2n
(2) 2
(3) 1
(4) 0
(1) x 2n , n I
8
(2) x n
, n I
12
(3) x 2n
, n I
24
x n
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86
Trigonometric Functions
(1) 0, , 2
6 6
(2) 0, ( , 2)
6
(3) 0, ( , 2)
6
(4)
(2sin 1) (sin 2) 0
ve
1
2
O
2sin 1 < 0
sin
1
2
5
6
0, , 2
6 6
, n 4k 2, k I
10
(2) = (2n + 3)
, n 5k + 2, k I
10
(3) = (4n + 3)
, n 5k + 2, k I
10
(4) = (2n + 1)
, n 5k 3, k I
10
118. If m, n N(n > m), then number of solutions of the equation n| sinx | = m| sinx | in [ 0, 2] is
(1) m
(2) n
(3) mn
(4) 3
(3) A = 2n+ B, n I
(4) A = n B, n I
(2) A = B n, n I
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Trigonometric Functions
87
(2) 4
(3) 6
(4) 8
1/2
1
2
cos x
1
2
( sin x 0)
or
ab
ab
|a b|
ab
or
ab
b a
n
, n Z
ab
or
(a b )
(b a )
(1) n
(2)
n
3
tan x tan2 x
2 0 is
tan2 x tan x
(3) (2n 1) , n I
3
(4) (3n 1) , n I
3
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88
Trigonometric Functions
tan x tan2 x
20
tan2 x tan x
20
2tan x
(1 tan2 x )tan x
If tanx 0,
1 tan2 x
2
20
2
1 tan2 x
2
2
(1 tan x ) 4 2 0
2(1 tan2 x )
x n
0 tan2 x 3
1
2
(2) , cot
1
2
(3) , tan = 2
(4) + , cot = 2
or
cos = 2sin
tan
1
2
= n +
1 1
n tan
2
1
= n tan
1
2
1
For n = 1, tan
1
2
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Trigonometric Functions
89
(1) n ( 1)n 1 , n, n I
3
(2) = n, n I
(3) n ( 1)n 1 , n I
3
(4) =
n
, n I
2
(1) x
1
, x(0, ) , then
y
,y=1
4
(2) y = 0
(3) y = 2
(4) x
3
4
sin x cos x y
1
y
x (0, )
sin x 1
n ( 1)n
4
2
Also,
1
2 y 1
y
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90
Trigonometric Functions
(2) 1
(3) 2
(4) Infinite
(3) 6
(4) 12
x 4 2n
x 4
cos x 1
and
x 2m
(2n 1)
2
1 5 7 9
x4 , , ,
2 2 2 2
(2m 1)
2
1 5 7
x , , ........
2 2 2
No solution exists.
6
cos(rx ) 6
in (0, 2] is
r 1
(1) Zero
(2) 1
cos x 1
cos2 x 1
cos3 x 1
x 0, 2
x 0, , 2
.....................
2 4
,
, 2
3 3
cos6 x 1
x 2
(2) 1
(3) 2
(4) Infinite
cos4x = 1
( 1)n
2
4
5
x , ........
4 4
4x = 2n
x
n
2
3
x , , ........
2
2
Trigonometric Functions
91
129. If the equation cosx + 3cos(2Kx) = 4 has exactly one solution, then
(1) K is a rational number of the form
P
, P 1
P 1
P
,P1
P 1
cos2kx = 1
x = 2n
2kx = 2m
Comparing 2n
m
k
m
m
k
k
2n
For infinite m, n integer, k will be rational but equation has only 1 solution, which is only possible when
k irrational.
130. The solution of the inequality log1/2sinx > log1/2cosx is
(1) x 0,
2
(2) x 0,
8
(3) x 0,
4
(4) x 0 ,
4
O
4
3
2 2
From graph sinx < cosx in 0,
4
131. The values of k for which the equationsin4x + cos4x + sin2x + k = 0 possesses solution is
3
(1) k ,1
2
1
(2) k 0,
2
3 1
(3) k ,
2 2
1
(4) k ,1
2
92
Trigonometric Functions
1 2
sin 2 x sin2 x (k 1) 0
2
D0
1
1 4 (k 1) 0
2
1 + 2k + 2 0
2k + 3 0
3
2
3
k 1
2
(3) x (2n 1)
(4) x 2n
3
and x = n, n I
5
2
5
2
x = n or x = n , where sin
2
3
, cos2 , n I
5
5
(2) 5
(3) 6
(4) 7
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Trigonometric Functions
93
r 4sin 2( 3 1)
r
4 3
2 3 2
r
r 2 2( 3 1)r 4 3 0
r (r 2 3) 2(r 2 3) 0
r 2 or r 2 3
sin
3
1
, sin
2
2
(2) 51
(3) 100
(4) 315
AM =
2 4 ........ 100
50
[102] 51
50
2 50
(2) k [6, 2]
(3) k [2, 6]
(4) k [2, 6]
sin x
k k 2 4(2)(2k 8) k k 2 6k 64 k (k 8)
4
4
4
sin x
2k 8
,2
4
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94
Trigonometric Functions
2k 8
1
4
4 2k 8 4
4 2k 12
2 k 6
in [0, 2] is
2
(2) 2
(3) 3
(4) 6
2tan x
x
2
x
tan x
4 2
3
2
3 solutions exist.
137. How many solutions does the equation sec x 1 ( 2 1)tan x have in the interval (0, 6]?
(1) 6
(2) 5
(3) 10
(4) 9
sec x 1 ( 2 1)tan x
1 cos x ( 2 1)sin x
cos x
cos x
( 2 1)sin x cos x 1
Using auxiliary form, 6 solutions exist.
(1) x 3n
sin3 x
1
is
2cos2 x 1 2
(2) x n
n
(3) x n ( 1)
n
(4) x n ( 1)
sin3 x
1
2cos2 x 1 2
2(3sinx 4sin3x) = 2(1 2sin2x) + 1
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Trigonometric Functions
95
1
3
or sin2 x
2
4
x n ( 1)n
139. The smallest positive values of x (in degrees) such that tan(x + 100) = tan(x + 50)tanxtan(x 50) is equal to
zero
(1) 60
(2) 30
(3) 40
(4) 50
tan( x 100)
tan( x 50).tan x
tan( x 50)
2sin(2 x 50)
2cos50
1
2cos(2 x 50)
(2)
5
6
(3)
2
3
(4)
3
4
141. In ABC,
bc
=
a
B C
cos
2
(1)
A
sin
2
B C
sin
2
(2)
A
cos
2
B C
cos
2
(3)
A
sin
2
B C
cos
2
(4)
A
cos
2
96
Trigonometric Functions
(3) Equilateral
B
143. If a = 16, b = 24 and c = 20, then the value of cos is
2
(1)
3
4
(2)
1
4
(3)
1
2
(4)
1
3
(2) 60
(3) 90
(4) 15
(3) 2 3
(4)
(2) 3 2
(2) 120
(3) 45
(4) 150
sin A sin(A B )
=
, then
sin C sin(B C )
sin A sin( A B )
sin C sin(B C )
sinA.sin(B C) = sinC. sin(A B)
sin(B + C). sin(B C) = sin(A + B). sin(A B) [ A + B + C = 180]
sin2B sin2C = sin2A sin2B
b2
4R 2
c2
4R 2
a2
4R 2
b2
4R 2
2b2 = a2 + c2
148. In a ABC, if
Trigonometric Functions
97
(1) 1
(2) 2
(3)
3
2
(4)
A B C 60
a
b
c
149. If cot
3
3
(side)2
4
4
4
A b+c
=
, then ABC is
2
a
(1) Isosceles
(2) Equilateral
(4) Scalene
cot
A bc
2
a
A
2 sin B sin C
A
sin A
sin
2
cos
A
B C
B C
2 sin
.cos
2
2
2
A
A
A
sin
2 sin . cos
2
2
2
cos
A
A
B C
2cos .cos
2
2
2
A
A
A
sin
2sin .cos
2
2
2
cos
A
A
B C
2cos .cos
2
2
2
A
A
A
sin
2sin .cos
2
2
2
cos
cos
(B C )
A
cos
2
2
B C = A A + C = B
But A + B + C = 180 2B = 180 B = 90
So, triangle is right angled triangle
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98
Trigonometric Functions
AB 3
a 7
=
150. In triangle ABC, if tan
and = then the value of angle C is
b 4
2 11
(1) 30
(2) 60
(3) 90
(4) 45
and
Given that tan
2 11
b 4
a b 11
We know that
AB ab
C
cot
2
2
ab
C
C
3
3
.cot cot 1 C 90
11 11
2
2
151. In a triangle, the length of two larger sides are 24 and 22 respectively. If the angles are in AP, then the third
side is
(1) 12 + 2 13
(2) 12 3 3
(3)
2 3 2
(4)
2 3 2
a2 c 2 b2
2ac
1 (24)2 c 2 (22)2
c 2 92 24c
2
2 24 c
c2 24c + 92 = 0
c 12 2 13
152. In a triangle ABC, a = 4, b = 3, A = 60, then c is the root of the equation
(1) c2 3c 7 = 0
(2) c2 + 3c + 7 = 0
(3) c2 3c + 7 = 0
(4) c2 + 3c 7 = 0
cos A
b2 c 2 a2
2bc
1 9 c 2 16
c 2 3c 7 0
2
23c
153. In triangle ABC, point D lies on BC such that BAD = 45, DAC = 30. If BD : DC = 2 : 1, then 3cotADC
is equal to
(1) 2 + 3
(2) 2 3
(3)
(4)
1
3
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Trigonometric Functions
99
45 30
3 cot = 2 3
(2)
B
C
.cot
is
2
2
(3) 2
(4) 3
B
C
.cot
2
2
s (s b )
s (s c )
(s a )(s c ) (s a)(s b)
s
s a
abc
[ 2s = a + b + c]
bc a
4a
2
2a
A 5
C 2
= , tan = , then
2 6
2 5
So, tan
A 5
c 2
, tan
2 6
2 5
A
C 5 2
,tan
2
2 6 5
(s b )(s c ) (s a)(s b) 1
s (s a )
s (s c )
3
sb 1
ac b 1
s
3
abc 3
2b = a + c
Hence a, b, c are in A.P.
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100
Trigonometric Functions
15
16
(2)
8
15
(3)
8
17
(4)
1
2
A
tan
2
A
(s b )(s c ) 1
tan
s (s a )
4
2
(s b )(s c )
s(s a )
1
A
2
4 8
2 =
Now, tan A
1
15
A
1
1 tan2
16
2
2 tan
tan A
8
15
157. If the angles of a triangle are 30 and 45 and the included side is 1+ 3 cm , then the area of the triangle
is (in square cm)
(1) 2 1 + 3
(2)
1
1+ 3
2
(3) 2
3 1
(4)
1
2
3 1
A
c
105
30
45
a=1+ 3
1 3
c
c 2
sin105 sin 45
Hence Area =
1
1
ac sin B = (1 3 )
2
2
(2) b2c2
(3) c2a2
(4) a2b2
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Trigonometric Functions
101
Given that c2 = a2 + b2
c = 90
Now,
4s(s a) (s b) (s c) = 4(Area)2
= 4
1 2 2
a b a2 b2
4
159. A triangle has its sides in the ratio 4 : 5 : 6, then the ratio of circumradius to the inradius of the triangle is
(1)
15
7
(2)
13
6
(3)
16
7
(4)
17
6
r
R
b2 c 2 a2 a2 c 2 b2 a2 b2 c 2
r
1
2bc
2ac
2ab
R
1
r
23
r
7
R 16
R 16
R 16
r
7
(2) 16
(3) 32
(4) 128
b
a
.cos B 2b 2
cos A
2R
2R
ab
(a cos B b cos A)
R
abc
abc
= R 4 4R 4 32
a2 sin2B b2 sin2 A 32
161. In ABC, if a2 + b2 + c2 = ac + ab 3 , then
r r3
(1) r = r
2
1
r r2
(2) r = r
1
3
(3) r1 + r2 + r3 = 2R + r
(4) rr1r2r3 = 43
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102
Trigonometric Functions
2
a 3
b c 0
2
a 3
a
b 0& c 0
2
2
3a 2b 2 3c k (let)
a
k
3
,b
k
k
,c
2
2 3
2
2
s(s a ) (s b )(s c )
s2 sa = s2 s(b + c) + bc
(b + c a) (b + c + a) = 2bc
(b + c a)s bc
(b + c)2 a2 = 2bc b2 + c2 a2 = 0
b2 c 2 a2 proved
2ab
abc
(2)
ab
ac b
(3)
ab
abc
(4)
bc
bc a
s a s b s c s
(s a) (s b) = s(s c)
2s a b
s sc
(s a )(s b ) s(s c )
2s
2ab
abc
Trigonometric Functions
103
163. In ABC, which is not right angled, if p = sinA sinB sinC and q = cosA cosB cosC. Then the equation having
roots tanA, tanB and tanC is
(1) qx3 px2 + (1 + q)x p = 0
p
q
p
q
sin A.sin B
sin B.sin C
sin C.sin A
q
cos A.cos B.cos C
So required equation is
x3
p 2 1 q
p
x
x 0
q
q
q
qx 3 px 2 (1 q )x p 0
Hence option (1) is correct
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104
Trigonometric Functions
164. In ABC, if
R
2 , and a = 2, then is equal to ( = ar(ABC))
r
(1) 3
(2) 9
(3)
(4)
3
4
r
3
3
cos A cos B cos C
2
R 2
(i)
3
2
(ii)
3
2
3
(sinde)2
4
3
4 3
4
is equal to
(1)
64R 3
abc
(2)
16R 3
2 2 2
a b c
(3)
64R 3
2 2 2
a b c
(4)
R3
abc
abc
3
4
a2 b2c 2
166.
Trigonometric Functions
105
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
a
b
c
bc ca
2(b2 c 2 a2 ) a2 c 2 b2 2(a2 b2 c 2 ) a2 b2
2abc
2abc
2abc
abc
(2) 2
(3) 3
(4) 0
r
R
r
r
cos B cos C 1
R
R
R
B
cosB + cosC 1 = 0
O
A r
cosA = r
(1) 7 : 19 : 25
(2) 19 : 7 : 25
(3) 12 : 14 : 20
(4) 19 : 25 : 20
bc ca ab
k
11
12
13
b + c = 11 k
c + a = 12 k
a + b = 13 k
2(a + b + c) = 36 k
a + b + c = 18 k
a = 7 k, b = 6 k, c = 5 k
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106
Trigonometric Functions
b2 c 2 a2 a2 c 2 b2 a2 b2 c 2
:
:
2bc
2ac
2ab
Put the values of a, b & c
7 : 19 : 25
So option (1) is correct
169. Consider a regular polygon of 12 sides each of length one unit, then which of the following is not true?
2+ 3
2
1
2
6+ 2
AOP
12
1
AB OP
2
= 6 1 OP
11
11
12
12
tan / 12
1
2OP
6
2 tan / 12
3
tan / 12
3
3 1
( 3 1)
= 63 3
So option (1) is true
(ii) sin
12 2R
P 1/2
/12
2 sin
12
R
O
6 2
2
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Trigonometric Functions
12 2r
/12
1/2
tan
107
2 3
2
(2n 4)90
n
20 90
= 150
12
(2) 3
(3) 4
(4) 2
a+b+c=6
c
(s a ) (s b ) ( b c )
{(s a )(s b )(s c )}1/3
3
s s(s a )(s b )(s c )
3
s
s A2
3 s
1/3
1/3
s A2/3
3 s1/3
s 4/3
A2/3
3
s 4/3
3
s2
3 3
3/2
max A 3
Hence option(1) is correct
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108
Trigonometric Functions
171. In a triangle ABC, if A B = 120 and R = 8r, then the value of cosC is
(1)
7
8
(2)
3
4
(3)
4
5
(4)
3
5
A
B
C
sin sin
2
2
2
R
A
B
C
4R sin sin sin
8
2
2
2
AB
A B
C
1
cos
cos
sin
16
2
2
2
A B
C
1 1
cos
sin
16 2
2
2
C
C
1 1
sin sin
16 2
2
2
1 1
x x
16
2
Let sin
C
x
2
16x2 8x + 1 = 0
sin
1
4
C 1
2 4
2
cos C 1 2 sin C / 2
7
8
Trigonometric Functions
109
A C
C B
BA
sin
sin
0
2
2
2
2
cos
5
5
(2)
2
2
sin
5
5
(3)
2
2
cosec
5
5
(4)
2
2
cos
5
5
A2
r 2
1
5 ah
2
/5 r
r r
= 5
ah
2
2 sin
5
B
O
1
cos
D
C
2
1
5
=
sin 2
5
(3) Scalene
(1)
abc
R
(2)
abc
2R
(3)
abc
4R
(4)
abc
R3
BOC = 2
B
AOC = 2
a
b
c
+
+
is equal to
R1 R2 R3
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110
Trigonometric Functions
In AOB
c
2R3
sin2
C
2sin2
R3
a
Similarly R 2sin2
1
b
2sin2
R2
a
b
c
R R R
1
2
3
= 2 sin2 + 2sin2 + 2sin2
= 2[sin2 + sin2 + sin2]
= 2[4sin sin sin]
= 8sin sin sin
= 8
a
b
c
2R 2R 2R
abc
R3
a 5
=
b 4
(2)
a 3
=
b 5
(3)
a 7
=
c 4
(4)
c 4
=
a 9
2
3
s a s b s c
1
2
3
s a s b s c
Taking
1
2
s a s b
3a = 3b + c
Taking
(i)
1
3
s a s c
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Trigonometric Functions
2a = b + 2c
111
(ii)
b 4
(1)
3R
2
(2) 3R
(3) R
(4) 6R
a sin(B C )
2R sin A sin(B C )
4R 2 (sin2 B sin2 C )
2R sin A sin(B C )
4R 2 sin(B C )sin(B C )
2R sin A sin(B C )
(4) Equilateral
a2 b2c 2
2(a2 b 2 c 2 )
abc
R abc 4R
4
16 2R 2
2
2(a b c )
a2 b2 c 2 8R 2
(i)
112
Trigonometric Functions
179. ABCD is a trapezium such that AB and DC are parallel and BC is perpendicular to them. If BC = 1 cm,
CD = 2 cm and ADB = 45, then the length of AB is (in cm)
(1)
12
5
(2)
8
5
(3)
5 4 1
4 5
2
5
5
3
(4)
16
3
135
AB
5
1
2 AB
2
1 1
2 AB 10
10 5
1
AB
5
3
(2) 1
(3)
1
2
(4)
1
3
A90
2tanB = tanA
90 + B
B
(2) One
[IIT-JEE 2007]
(3) Two
(4) Four
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Trigonometric Functions
113
1
2
2
1
2
182. If the angles A, B and C of a triangle are in an arithmetic progression and if a, b and c denote the lengths of the
sides opposite to A, B and C respectively, then the value of the expression
(1)
1
2
(2)
3
2
(3) 1
a
c
sin 2C sin 2 A is [IIT-JEE 2010]
c
a
(4)
sin C
sin A
a
c
a cos C 2
sin 2C sin 2 A = 2
c cos A
c
a
c
a
= 2(sinA cos C + cosA sinC)
= 2 sin(A + C) = 2 sinB = 2
3
3
2
183. Let P { : sin cos 2 cos } and Q { : sin cos 2 sin } be two sets. Then
(1) P Q and Q P
(2) Q P
(3) P Q
[IIT-JEE 2011]
(4) P = Q
sin ( 2 1)cos
1
2 1
sin cos
( 2 1)sin cos
2 sin sin cos
and it shows that the given equations
sin cos 2 cos
and sin cos 2 sin
are identical. Hence their solution sets are equal
P=Q
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114
Trigonometric Functions
7
5
and c = , where a, b and c are the lengths of the sides of
2
2
(1)
3
4
(2)
3
(3)
45
4
2 sin P sin 2P
equals
2 sin P sin 2P
2
45
(4)
[IIT-JEE 2012]
2
tan2
2sin P sin2P 1 cos P
2
Now, a = 2, b
7
5
, c
2
2
Now, tan
abc
4
2
P (s b )(s c )
3
3
2P
So, tan
2 4
185. In a triangle the sum of two sides is x and the product of the same two sides is y. If x2 c2 = y, where c is
the third side of the triangle, then the ratio of the in radius to the circum-radius of the triangle is
[JEE(Advanced)-2014 ]
(1)
3y
2x( x c )
(2)
3y
2c ( x c )
(3)
3y
4 x( x c )
(4)
3y
4c ( x c )
2 ab
2
cos c
2R
1
2
c = 120
c
2c
sin c
3
r (s c ) tan
c
3
c
2
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Trigonometric Functions
115
x c
r
c 3
2
(x c) 3
2
r (x c) 3
3( x c )
3
R
2c
2c
3( x c )( x c )
2 c( x c )
3( x 2 c 2 )
2 c( x c )
3y
2 c( x c )
(4) No solution
[JEE(Advanced)2014]
2 sin x 2 cos x 3
2
(i)
2
and cos x 0
2
cos x
1
2
(ii)
116
Trigonometric Functions
SECTION - B
Objective Type Questions (More than one options are correct)
Elementary Trigonometric Functions
1.
(1) x
y 1
y 1
(2) x
y 1
y 1
(3) y
1 x
1 x
(4) xy x y 1 0
2
2
cos sin
1 sin
2
2
cos
cos2 sin2
2
2
2
cot 2 1
2
( y 1) y 1
x
2
y 1
cot 2 1 ( y 1)
2
2.
3
The value of F ( x ) 6cos x 1 tan2 x 2sin x 1 cot x where x (0, 2) , , may be
2 2
(1) 4
(2) 4
(3) 8
(4) 8
2
2
x 0,
628
2
x ,
6 2 4
6 2 8 x , 3
2
x , 2
62 4
2
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3.
If
Trigonometric Functions
117
(a b )2
sin2 , then
4ab
(2) a 0, b 0
(1) a = b
(3) a > b
(4) a < b
0 sin2 1
(a b )2
1
4ab
(a b)2 0
a = b, but not equal to zero
4.
If sec x
1
, then tan sec is equal to
4x
(1) 2x
(2)
1
2x
(3)
1
x
(4) 4x
1
4x
tan sec 2 1
2
x 4x 1
= x
1
4x
1
1
x
sec + tan = x
4x
4x
2 x
=
1
2 x
5.
1
4x
1
if x
4x
if x
(2)
1
2n 1
tan cot 2
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118
Trigonometric Functions
(2)
1
2n
2n
(3) sin cos
2n
2n
1
2
n1
1 sin cos
2 sec
cos 1 sin
(3)
1 sin
| sec tan |
1 sin
(4)
cos
cos
2 sec
1 sin 1 sin
1 sin
cos
2 sin
cos
1 sin
L.H.S
cos
cos2
2
RHS
cos
sin A
cos A
(3) =
1 2 sin A cos A 1
2 R.H.S
sin A cos A
1 sin
| sec tan |
1 sin
L.H.S. =
(1 sin )2
cos2
(4)
Trigonometric Functions
119
cos
cos
2 sec
1 sin 1 sin
L.H.S.
cos(1 sin )
cos2
cos (1 sin )
cos2
1 sin 1 sin
cos
cos
= 2sec = R.H.S
7.
The value of the expression sin x sin y sin z where x, y, z are real numbers satisfying x + y + z = 180 is
(1) Positive
(2) Zero
(3) 3
(4) Negative
8.
Let 0, and a (tan )tan , b (tan )co t , c (cot )tan , d (cot )cot , then
4
(1) d > c
(2) b < a
(3) c > a
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4) Zero
tan x .tan x 1
4
1 tan x 1 tan x
1
1 tan x 1 tan x
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120
Trigonometric Functions
1
10. The value of cos 22 is
2
(1)
1
2 2
2
(3)
1
4
4+2 2 +
42 2
4+2 2
(2)
1
4
(4)
1
2 2
2
42 2
1
cos 22 ?
2
2cos2 = 1 + cos2
1
1 cos 45
cos 22
2
2
2 2
cos
2 2
1
1
cos 22
2
2
2 2
2
1 sin 1 sin
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
1 4 2 2
42 2
2
4
4
1
4
2 tan
2 1
42 2 42 2
(1)
1 sin 45 1 sin 45
2 1
21
2 2
3cos 2 1
, then tan is equal to
3 cos 2
(2) 2 tan
(3)
1
2
tan
(4)
1
2
tan
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Trigonometric Functions
121
3cos 2 1
3 cos 2
cos 2
1 tan2
1 tan
3 cos 2 1
3 cos 2
1 tan2 1 tan2
2
1 tan 1 tan
2
2
2 tan
1
tan2
3 cos 2 1 3 cos 2
3 cos 2 1 3 cos 2
2cos 2 2
4cos 2 4
2(1 cos 2)
2cos2
tan2 = 2tan2
tan = 2 tan
12. If sin
(1)
3
, [0, 2] then the possible values of cos is/are
2
5
(2)
10
1
10
(3)
3
10
(4)
3
10
cos
3
5
2 2
1 sin 1 sin
1
3
3
1 1
2
5
5
1 2 2
2
2 5
5
1 4
2
3
2 10
10
10
(2) Is independent of
(4) Is dependent of
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122
Trigonometric Functions
(2) 2
(3) 1
(4)
sin 2n A
2n sin A
sin2n A
2n sin A
15. If A B
(1) cos( A B )
1
3
(3) cos( A B )
2
3
1
2 3
, cos A cos B 1
3
AB
AB
cos
1
2
2
2cos
AB
2cos cos
1
2
6
1
AB
cos
3
2
3
AB
cos
1
2
2
AB
AB
cos
cos 2 2
2
AB
2cos2
1
2
2
1
1
3
2
1
1
3
3
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Trigonometric Functions
1
AB
sin
1
3
2
123
2
3
AB
AB
sin
2
2
1
AB
2 sin
2
2
AB
sin
16.
2
3
cos3 xsin2x =
am sin mx
is an identity in x, then
m =1
(1) a3
3
, a2 = 0
8
(2) n = 6, a1
1
2
(3) n = 5, a1
1
4
(4)
am 4
am sin mx
m 1
a1
1
[2 sin 2 x cos3 x 3.sin 2 x sin x ]
8
1
[sin5 x sin x 3 sin3 x 3 sin x ]
8
1
[sin5 x 3 sin3 x 2 sin x ]
8
1
3
1
, a2 0, a3 , a5
4
8
8
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124
Trigonometric Functions
(2) + =
2
3
3
2
(3) = 2
(4) = 2
3
2
1
1
1
, cos , cos( )
2
2
2
2
, ,
3
3
3
18. The angles A, B, C of a triangle ABC satisfy 4cosAcosB + sin2A + sin2B + sin2C = 4. Then which of the following
statements is/are correct?
(1) The triangle ABC is right angled
(2) The triangle ABC is isosceles
(3) The triangle ABC is neither isosceles nor right angled
(4) The triangle ABC is equilateral
Sol. Answer (1, 2)
4cosA.cosB + sin2A + sin2B + sin2C = 4
1 1
3
4. .
3
2 2
2
2[cos(A + B) + cos(A B)] + 2cos(A + B) cos(A B) + 2sinC cosC = 2
cosC + cos(A B) cosC cos(A B) + sinC cosC = 2
cocC + cos(A B) + cosC
19. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
(1) cos(sin1) > sin(cos1)
7
7
5
5
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Trigonometric Functions
125
20. If sin = K, 1 K 1, then number of values of , for same value of K in [0, 2] may be
(1) 1
(2) 2
(3) 3
(4) 4
21. If the sides of a right angled triangle are {cos2 + cos2 + 2cos( + )} and {sin2 + sin2 + 2sin( + )}, then
the length of hypoteneous is
(1) 2[1 + cos( )]
(3) 4cos2
(4) 4 sin2
= 2cos( + ) 2cos2 2
= 4cos( + )cos2 2
b = sin2 + sin2 + 2sin( + )
= 2sin( + )cos( ) + 2sin( + )
= 2sin( + ).2cos2 2
= 4sin( + )cos2 2
2( + ) cos4 + 16sin2( + ).cos4
a2 + b2
=
16cos
2
2
= 16cos4 2
A = 4cos2 2
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126
Trigonometric Functions
sina + sinb =
1
2
, cosa + cosb =
(1) cos(a b) = 1
3
, then
2
(2) cos(a b) = 0
(3) sin(a + b) =
3
2
(4) sin(a b) = 1
1 3 4
2
2 2 2
cos(a b) = 0
sin(a b) 1 0 1
3
2
3
2
3
4
1 1 1
0
a b c
ab + bc + ca = 0
a2 + b2 + c2 = 0
cos2 + cos2 + cos2 = 0 = sin2 + sin2 + sin2
2cos2 1 + 2cos2 1 + 2cos2 1 = 0
2cos2 + cos2 + cos2 =
3
2
3
2
Trigonometric Equations
24. If 4cos 3sec = 2tan, then equals to
(1) n ( 1)n
10
n
(2) n ( 1)
n
(3) n ( 1)
3
10
(4) n
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Trigonometric Functions
127
sin
1 5
2 4
sin 1
n ( 1)n
5
1 5
, sin
4
4
3
or n ( 1)n
10
10
(1)
(2)
(3)
5
6
(4)
5 1 5 1
sin
2 4 4 4
1
2
n ( 1)n
2 4
6
2n ( 1)n .
3 2
7
,
6 6
7
26. If sin = a for exactly one value of 0, , then the value of a is
3
(1)
3
2
(2) 1
(3) Zero
(4) 1
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128
Trigonometric Functions
7
sin = a for exactly one value of 0,
3
in [0, 2] sin takes every value twice except 1.
a = 1
27. If sin 3 cos 6y y 2 11 , [0, 4], y R holds for
(1) No value of y and two values of
sin 3 cos 6y y 2 11
2 sin ( y 2 6 y 9) 9 11
3
2sin ( y 3)2 2
3
sin 1 and (y 3) = 0
3
[0, 4], y = 3
3 7
,
3
2 2
, nI
12
(2) x 2n
5
, nI
12
(3) x n
5
, nI
12
(4) x 2n
, nI
12
sin x 3 cos x 2
Or,
sin x
3
1
cos x
2
2
2
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Trigonometric Functions
129
n ( 1)n
3
4
n = even ; x
2k
3
4
x 2k
4 3
; k I
12
x 2k
n = odd ; x
(2k 1)
3
4
x 2k
4 3
29. If
2k
4 3
2k
5
; k I
12
1 tan x
5
(1) ,
24 24
7 11
(2) ,
24 24
115 119
,
(3)
24
24
5 13
(4) ,
24 24
tan y , x y
1 tan x
6
tan x tan y
4
y n
x and
4
x y n
xy
xy
n 5
n
,y
2 24
2 24
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130
Trigonometric Functions
5
n 0; ( x, y ) ,
24 24
7 11
n 1; ( x, y ) ,
24
24
115 119
n 10, ( x, y )
,
24
24
30. The possible value of [, ] satisfying the equation
2(cos + cos2) + (1 + 2cos)sin2 = 2sin are
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
k k
(2) , , k
2 2
k k
(3) , , k
2 2
r 2q = q + p = 0
r = 2q, q = p
r q p
2 1 1
Or,
p q r
1 1 2
(1)
4
3
1
sin3 is ( n)
4
(2)
5
3
(3)
2
3
(4)
5
3
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Trigonometric Functions
131
33. The co-ordinates of points of intersection of the curves y = cosx and y = sin3x, x , are
2 2
(2) , cos
8
8
1
(1) ,
4 2
3
3
(3) , cos
8
8
cosx = sin3x
y = sin3x
y = cosx
x 2n 3 x
2
4 x 2n
3
3
(4) , cos
8
8
,
2 2
or, 2 x 2n
2
2
2n
or, x n
4
8
4
3
So, the values of x in , is , and
4 8
8
2 2
34. A value of satisfying 4cos2sin 2sin2 = 3sin is
(1)
9
10
(2)
10
(3)
13
10
(4)
17
10
sin 0 ,
5 1 5 1
,
4
4
5 1
4
sin = 0
sin
= n
sin sin
10
n ( 1)n
10
sin
5 1
4
sin sin
3
10
n 1
n ( 1)
3
10
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132
Trigonometric Functions
35. The equation sinx + sin2x + 2sinx sin2x = 2cosx + cos2x is satisfied by values of x for which
n
(1) x n ( 1)
(3) x 2n
, nI
6
2
, nI
3
(2) x 2n
2
, nI
3
(4) x 2n
, nI
2
x 2n
1
2
2
3
1
2
x 2n , n ( 1)n , n I
2
6
So, finally the general solution is
x 2n
2
, 2n , n ( 1)n , n I
3
2
6
n
( 1)n 1 x x n
(1) x x
3
6
n
( 1)n 1 n I
(3) x x
3
6
n I
2
n
( 1)n 1 x x n
(2) x x
3
6
n I
2
(4) x x n n I
2
Trigonometric Functions
133
; n I
2
(2) n
(1) n, n I
, nI
2
is
(3) n
, nI
2
(4) n
, nI
3
212 sin
1 3.2 sin
x
2
2 22 sin
22 sin2 x
2
2 22 sin
2sin
3
7 sin2 x
2
3.2sin
y2 3y + 2 = 0
(y 1) (y 2) = 0
y 2sin
1 or 2sin
sin2x = 0 or sin2x = 1
x = n, x n
38.
(1) tan
3
4
(2) tan
4
3
(3) tan
2m
2
m 1
(4) tan
2m
m2 1
4
2m
or tan 2
3
m 1
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134
Trigonometric Functions
Properties of Triangle
a
2 3, C 60 then in the triangle
b
(1) One angle is 105
(2) One angle is four times another angle
sin A a 2 3
sin B b
1
sin A sin B 3 3
sin A sin B 1 3
AB
AB
cos
2
2 3 3
AB
A B 1 3
2cos
sin
2
2
ab 3 3
a b 1 3
2sin
cot
AB
1
2
A B = 90
and A + B = 120
A = 105
B = 15
Option (1) and (2) are correct but option (3) & (4) are not correct.
40. In a triangle ABC
(1) sinA.sinB.sinC =
2R
abc
2R
(2) sinA.sinB.sinC =
r
(sinA + sinB + sinC)
2R
(4) sinA.sinB.sinC =
R
(sinA + sinB + sinC)
2r
2 2 2
bc ac ab
83
2 2 2
a b c
1
ab sin C
2
abc
4R
83
16 2 R 2
2R 2
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(2) RHS
135
r
(sin A sin B sin C )
2R
r 2 2 2
2R bc ac ab
r
abc
.2
2R
abc
r 2s
R abc
2 2
R.abc
2 2
R.4R
Trigonometric Functions
2R 2
LHS
So option 2 is correct
(3) Since option (2) is correct option 4 is not correct
Hence correct answers are (1, 2)
C
41. If cosA + cosB = 4sin2 , then
2
(2) cos C 1
2r
R
r
R
C
2
AB
AB
C
4 sin2
cos
2
2
2
AB
C
2 sin
2
2
2cos
Multiply by 2cos
C
both sides
2
C
AB
2sin C
cos
2
2
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136
Trigonometric Functions
r
R
C
r
cos C 1
2
R
(1 cos C ) cos C 1
r
R
r
cos C
R
Option (2) is correct
1
r
R
r
R
cos A cos B 1
cos A cos B
r
r
1
R
R
2r
R
(3)
6 tan
tan2 9
tan A
(4) B = C
AndDP = PE = a
tan B
h
3a
tan
h
a
6a
tan = 3tanB
Option (1) is correct
By figure it can be seen that B = C
Option (4) is correct
And option (2) is incorrect
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Trigonometric Functions
6 tan
2
tan 9
h
a
h
a 9
137
6ah
2
h 9a2
[tan B tan C ]
1 tan B tan C
h
h
tan B tan C
6ah
3a2 3a 2
tan B tan C 1
h
h 9a 2
1
9a 2
2bc cos
(1)
b+c
A
2
2bc sin
(2)
b+c
A
2
A
2
2R(b + c )
abc cosec
(3)
(4)
2
A
cosec
2
b+c
1
1
l sin [b c ] bc 2sin cos
2
2
l
bc
bc
a 2bc cos A / 2
2abc cos A / 2
2abc cos A / 2
a
bc
(b c ).2R sin A (b c ).2R.2sin A / 2cos A / 2
abc cos ec A / 2
2R(b c )
2R(b c )
2R(b c )
bc
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138
Trigonometric Functions
44. An ordered triplet solution (x, y, z) with x, y, z (0, 1) and satisfying x2 + y2 + z2 + 2xyz = 1 is
7
4
4
17
cos1[ xy 1 x 2 1 y 2 ] cos1(3)
xy z 1 x 2 1 y 2
abc
, then
2
3
2
A B B C C A
(4) 4 sin
sin
sin
=1
2 2 2
abc
2
4 sin
sin
BA
A C
C B
0
sin
sin
2
2
2
BA
A C
C B
0 or sin
0 or sin
0
2
2
2
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Trigonometric Functions
139
B = A or A = C or C = B
Option (1) is correct
Option (2) is correct
(If A = B = C)
A
2
If a, b and c denote the lengths of the sides of the triangle opposite to the angles A, B and C respectively, then
[IIT-JEE 2009]
(1) b + c = 4a
(2) b + c = 2a
A
2
A
B C
B C
.cos
4 sin2
2cos
2
2
2
A
A
B C
4 sin2
2sin .cos
2
2
2
A
B C
A
cos
2sin 2 , as sin 0
2
2
B C
cos
2 2
B C
cos
2
B
C
1 tan .tan
2
2 2
B
C
1 tan .tan
2
2
(s a )(s c ) (s a )(s b )
.
s (s b )
s (s c )
(s a )(s c ) (s a )(s b ) = 2
.
s(s b )
s( s c )
(s a )
s
2
s a
1
s
1
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140
Trigonometric Functions
2s a
2
a
bc
2
a
b c 2a
and also b + c = 2a
AC + AB = 2BC
AC + AB > BC, which shows that the locus of point A is an ellipse.
47. If
sin4 x cos4 x 1
, then
2
3
5
2
(1) tan x
2
3
[IIT-JEE 2009]
sin8 x cos8 x
1
8
27
125
(2)
2
(3) tan x
1
3
(4)
sin8 x cos8 x
2
8
27
125
sin4 x cos4 x 1
2
3
5
3 sin4x + 2cos4x =
6
5
6
5
4
2
5 cos x 6 cos x 3
4
2
5 cos x 6 cos x
6
5
6
5
6
0
5
9
0
5
25cos4x 30cos2x + 9 = 0
(5cos2x 3)2 = 0
2
cos x
2
sec x
3
5
5
3
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tan2 x sec 2 x 1
Trigonometric Functions
141
5
2
1
3
3
3 2
5 5
4
2
3
sin x cos x
5
Now,
= 5 2 3 5 1 option (2)
8
27
8
27
5 4 5 4 5 4 125
8
48. For 0
(1)
, the solution(s) of
2
(2)
cosec
m 1
(m 1)
m
cosec 4 4 2 is(are)
4
(3)
12
(4)
[IIT-JEE 2009]
5
12
Tm cosec
cosec
4
4
1
m
m
sin
sin
4
4
4
m
m
sin
4
4
4
1
m
m
sin sin
sin
4
4
4
4
m
m
m
m
m
m
sin
sin 4 4
m
m
2 cot
cot
4
4
4
T1 2 cot() cot
4
T2 2 cot cot
4
4
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142
Trigonometric Functions
5
6
T6 2 cot
cot
4
4
Sum T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 4 2
2 cot cot
4 2
4
cot + tan = 4
sin2 cos2
4
sin cos
sin cos
2sin cos
1
4
1
2
sin 2
1
2
5
,
6 6
5
,
12 12
(1) 2 3
(2) 1 3
(3) 2 3
(4) 4 3
cos C
2
2
2
b a c
2ab
x 2 1 x 2 x 1 2 x 1
3
2
2 x2 1 x2 x 1
3( x 2 x 1) x 2 2 x x 2 1
(2 3)x 2 (2 3)x ( 3 1) 0
x (2 3) & x 1 3
But x (2 3)
shows that c is negative, which is not possible in a triangle.
Hence x 1 3 is only possible value of x. x 1 3
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Trigonometric Functions
143
3
.
2
[IIT-JEE 2012]
2
3
(2)
(3)
4
3
3
2
(4)
3
2
2
1
2cos 1 sin sin2
cos 1
sin cos
2
2
2cos 1 sin 2sin cos 1
2cos + 1 = 2sin( + )
(i)
3
gives
2
3 5
,
2 3
Using (i) ; sin cos
1
2
1
sin( ) 1
2
i.e.,
5
13
17
or,
6
6
6
6
13
17
6
6
2
7
3
6
1
. Further the incircle of the triangle touches the sides
3
PQ, QR and RP at N, L and M respectively, such that the lengths of PN, QL and RM are consecutive even
integers. Then possible length(s) of the side(s) of the triangle is (are)
[JEE(Advanced)-2013]
(1) 16
(2) 18
(3) 24
(4) 22
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144
Trigonometric Functions
cosP =
1
=
3
PQ 2 PR 2 QR 2
2 PQ PR
4 k 2 2 4 k 4 2 4k 6 2
2 4 k 2 4k 4
1 2k 1 4 k 1 2k 3
3
4 2k 1 k 1
2
+
2k
2k
+
+
2k
2Q
2k + 2
N
M
2k
2k
4 k 1 4k 4 2
1
=
4 2 k 1 k 1
3
2
1
=
3
k 12 2 k 1
k 1 2k 1
(k + 1) (2k + 1) = 3(k 1) (k + 1)
k = 1 or 2k + 1 = 3k 3
4 = k
So,
PQ = 18, QR = 22, RP = 20
SECTION - C
Linked Comprehension Type Questions
Comprehension - I
If Pn cosn sinn ,
1.
(1) 1
2.
(2) 0
(3) 1
(4) 8
(3) 4
(4)
(2) 1
1
2
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Trigonometric Functions
0, , n ( , 2) , then minimum of Pn will be
2
1
(1) 1
(2)
2
Solution of Comprehension - I
145
3.
1.
Answer (3)
2.
Answer (2)
3.
Answer (1)
(3)
(4)
1
2
Pn = cosn + sinn
Pn = cosn + sinn
Pn 2 = cosn 2 + sinn 2
Pn Pn 2 = (cosn + sinn) (cosn 2 + sinn 2)
= cosn 2 ( sin2) + sinn 2 (cos 2)
= sin2 cos2 (Pn 4)
1.
2.
3.
Pn = cosn + sinn, 0, 2 , 2 ( , 2)
Minimum value of Pn = ?
sin2 (sin)n
and cos2 (cos)4
n ( , 2) & 0,
2
n ( , 2) & 0,
2
sinn cosn 1
(Pn)min = 1
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146
Trigonometric Functions
Comprehension-II
From algebra we know that if ax2 + bx + c = 0; a( 0), b, c R has roots and then
c
b
and .
a
a
Trigonometric functions sin and cos; tan and sec; cosec and cot obey sin2 + cos2 = 1. A linear relation
in sin and cos, sec and tan or cosec and cot can be transformed into a quadratic equation in, say, sin,
tan or cot respectively. And then one can apply sum and product of roots to find the desired result. Let acos
+ bsin = c have two roots 1 and 2, 1 2.
1.
(1)
a2 b2
(2)
a2 b2
b2 a2
(3)
a2 b2
a2 c 2
(4)
a2 b2
c 2 a2
a2 b2
cos 1 cos 2
2ac
a2 b
, cos 1 cos 2
2
c 2 b2
a2 b2
sin1 sin2 =
2bc
2
a b2
c 2 a2
a2 b2
2.
c 2 b2
a2 b2
c 2 a2
a2 b2
a2 b2
a2 b2
2c 2
a2 b2
(2)
2c 2
a2 b2
(3) 1
2c 2
2
a b
(4)
2c 2
2
a b2
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Trigonometric Functions
147
3.
c 2 b2 c 2 a2
a2 b2
2c 2
a2 b2
a2 c 2
(2)
a2 b2
a2 c 2
a2 b2
(3)
a2 c 2
c 2 b2
(4)
c 2 a2
c 2 b2
tan 1 tan 2
c 2 a2
c 2 b2
a2 b2
c 2 b2
c 2 a2
c 2 b2
Comprehension-III
In reducing a given trigonometric equation to the standard form (sinx = sin) or (cosx = cos) etc. we apply several
trigonometric or Algebraic transformation. As a result of which final form so obtained may not be equivalent to
the original equation resulting either in loss of solutions or appearance of extraneous solutions.
1.
5 2sin x 6sin x 1 is
(1) n + (1)n where sin
(2) x n ( 1)n
2
or x n ( 1)n , n I
6
9
, nI
6
2
9
148
Trigonometric Functions
Putting sin x
sin x
1
2
, sin x
2
9
1
in given equation
2
LHS 5 2
RHS = 6
1
2
2
1
1 = 2
2
Putting sin x
LHS =
RHS = 6
2
9
4 7
9 3
2
1 0
9
No solution
sin x
1
is a solution
2
n
x n ( 1)
2.
;nI
6
(1) Two solutions in 0,
3
(2) One solution in 0,
3
(3) No solution in ( , )
2 sin x
cos x
2tanx = tan2x
1 tan2x = 1
tan2x = 0
But tanx 0 as given equation involves terms of cotangent.
No solution
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3.
149
13 18tan x 6tan x 3 is
The solution of
(1) tan x
Trigonometric Functions
1
6
1 2
(3) tan x , ,
6
(2) tanx =
2
3
(4) tan x
3
4
13 18 tan x 6 tan x 3
13 18tanx = 36tan2x 36tanx + 9
36tan2x 18tanx 4 = 0
18tan2x 9 tanx 2 = 0
18 tan2x 12tanx + 3tanx 2 = 0
(6tanx + 1) (3tanx 2) = 0
tan x
1
2
, tan x
6
3
Putting tan x
L.H.S. =
1
in given equation,
6
13 3 4 R.H.S. = 1 3 = 4
No solution
Putting tan x
L.H.S. =
2
in given equation
3
13 12 1
R.H.S. = 4
tan x
2
is a solution.
3
Comprehension-IV
There are trigonometrical equations that are nonstandard in aspect in that the equation may contain dissimilar
terms, say algebraic as well as trigonometric expressions, or there may be only one equation in more than one
unknowns. In such cases we make use of the extreme values of trigonometric functions or algebraic functions.
In particular |sinx| 1, |cosx| 1, and maxima/minima of quadratic expressions are widely made use of.
1.
x
The equation sin x 2 6 x 10 holds for
6
(4) No value of x
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150
Trigonometric Functions
Equality holds at x = 3.
Hence the given equation has only one solution.
2.
4
The equation 8 cos
x
x
1
sin2 x 2
, x (0, 4] holds for
2
2
x2
(1) No value of x
(2) Exactly two values of x, both greater than
(3) Exactly two values of x, one smaller than and the other greater than
(4) Just one value of x
Sol. Answer (1)
2cos2
cos
x
1
sin2 x x 2 2 2 x R, except x = 0
2
x
2
x
sin2 x 1 (which is not possible)
2
2
Because 0 cos
2
Hence cos
x
sin2 x 1
2
2
But if cos
x
sin2 x 1
2
2
Then cos
x
1 and sin2 x 1
2
3.
x
1 and 0 sin2 x 1
2
x
y
z
x
y
z
cosec cosec = 2 + 2 + 2
2
2
2
x=y=z=
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Trigonometric Functions
151
Comprehension-V
Recall that sinx + cosx = u (say)
and sinxcosx = v (say) are connected by
(sinx + cosx)2 = sin2x + cos2x + 2sinxcosx
u2 = 1 + 2v
v=
u2 1
2
It follows that any rational integral function of sinx + cosx, and sinxcosx i.e., R(sinx + cosx, sinxcosx), or in our
u 2 1
. Thus to solve an equation of the form R(u, v) = 0, we form
notation R(u, v) can be transformed to R u,
2
5
11
, 2n
, 2n
, nZ
4
12
12
(2) x 2n
7
, 2n , 2n
, nZ
4
12
12
(3) x 2n
7
, 2n , 2n
, nZ
4
12
12
(4) x 2n
7
, 2n , 2n
, nZ
4
12
12
u 2 1
u
2
2
v
2
2
1 1 8
2 2
2,
1
2
2u 2 u 2 0
sin x + cos x =
1
2, 2
sin x sin
4
2
6
x + sin
n ( 1)n 1.
4
6
n ( 1)n
4
2
x n
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152
2.
Trigonometric Functions
, (2n 1), n Z
2
(2) x n
, (2n 1), n Z
2
(3) x 2n
, (2n 1), n Z
2
(4) x n
, (2n 1), n Z
2
1 u2
2
cos x
x
3
cos
4
4
3
2n
4
4
x 2n
3.
The number of solutions of the equation sin + cos = 1 + sincos in the interval [0, 4] is
(1) Four
(2) Six
(3) Eight
(4) Five
y2 1
2
y 2 2 y 1 0
y=1
sin x + cos x = 1
sin x
4
2
= , , 2 ,3 , 4 , 5
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
x 0,
5
9
, 2,
, 4,
2
2
2
5
, 2,
, 4 five solution exists.
2
2
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Trigonometric Functions
153
Comprehension-VI
Consider a triangle ABC, and that AA, BB, CC be the perpendicular from A, B and C upon the sides opposite
to them. These three perpendiculars meet in H, called the orthocentre of the triangle. The triangle ABC formed
by the feet of the perpendicular is called the pedal triangle of ABC. (Assume A, B, C 90)
A
C
B
1.
Suppose the triangle ABC have angles 60, 70 and 50. Then the pedal triangle ABC have angles given by
(1) 80, 60, 40
Suppose a triangle ABC has its sides 13, 14 and 15 cm. Then the circumradius of the pedal triangle is (in cm)
(1)
65
24
(2)
65
8
(3)
26
3
(4)
65
16
abc
4
Now, 2s = 13 + 14 + 15 = 42
s = 21
s(s a )(s b )(s c )
=
21 8 7 6 84
13 14 15 65
4 21 4
8
R 65
2 16
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154
3.
Trigonometric Functions
Suppose ABC is an acute angled triangle, then the area of the pedal triangle is (R being the circum radius of
triangle ABC)
(1)
R2
sin2A sin2B sin2C
2
(3)
R2
sin A sin B sin C
2
DE EF FD
4 R
R3
sin2 A sin2B sin2C
2R
1 2
R sin 2 A sin 2B sin 2C
2
Comprehension-VII
Let us consider a triangle ABC having BC = 5 cm, CA = 4 cm, AB = 3 cm D, E are points on BC such that
BD = DE = EC, CAE = , then
1.
AE2 is equal to
(1)
73
3
(2)
73
5
(3)
73
7
(4)
73
9
cos
cos
5
AE 2 16 CE 2
and CE
3
2 AE 4
AE 2 16
2 AE 4
25
9
(i)
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Trigonometric Functions
155
sin(90 ) sinB
BE
AE
cos
BE
10 4
sin B
AE
3.AE 5
(ii)
10
4
3 AE 5
AE 2 16
2 AE 4
25
9
64
119
AE 2
3
9
2
AE
2.
73
9
tan is equal to
(1)
3
4
(2)
1
2
(3)
3
8
(4)
5
8
(2)
52
9
(3)
52
7
(4) 52
cos
8
3 AE
73
3
tan
3.
8
73
3
8
AD2 is equal to
(1)
52
3
cos B
BA2 BD 2 AD 2
2BA BD
25
AD 2
9
5
23
3
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156
Trigonometric Functions
6 9
25
AD 2
9
2
AD
AD 2
25
3
9
52
9
Comprehension-VIII
Given a right angled triangle ABC with right angled at C. C = 90 and a, b, c are length of corresponding sides.
(b > a).
B
a2 + b2 = c2
( A B ) 90
1.
(2) sin2A
(3) cos2A
(4) sinB
2bc
(1)
(2)
a2
b2 a2
c2
(3)
2ab
c2
(4)
b2 c 2
2bc
(4)
a
c b
a b
c c
2ab
c2
c2 b2 = a2
3.
tan
(1)
A
will be equal to
2
2ab
2
a b
(2)
2ab
2
b a
(3)
c b
a
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Trigonometric Functions
157
A 1 cos A
tan2
2 1 cos A
(c b )2
c 2 b2
tan
b
c c b
b cb
1
c
(c b )2
a2
A cb
2
a
SECTION - D
Assertion-Reason Type Questions
1.
STATEMENT-1 : If cos(A + B)sin(C + D) = cos(A B)sin(C D), then the value of cotAcotBcotC is cotD.
and
STATEMENT-2 : If cos(A + B)sin(C + D) = cos(A B)sin(C D), then the value of tanAtanBtanC is tanD.
cos( A B ) sin(C D )
cos( A B ) sin(C D )
1 tan A tan B tanC tan D
3.
STATEMENT-1 : If cos =
1
13
and cos =
where and both are acute angles, then the value of is
7
14
.
3
and
1
STATEMENT-2 : cos =
3 2
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158
Trigonometric Functions
4.
1 13
48 27
7 14
7
14
13 36 49
91
91
5.
is
2
2k
.
2
and
2
STATEMENT-2 : 2sin
x
= 1 cos x.
2
k
2
2k
sin2
2
2
2k
sin
2
2
6.
sin x
cos x
1
2
is n
.
4
and
STATEMENT-2 : A.M. G.M.
Sol. Answer (1)
Statement-1
sin x
cos x
1
2
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Trigonometric Functions
159
sin x
2cos x 2 (2sin x 2cos x )
L.H.S. = 2
L.H.S. 2
sin x cos x
1
2
1
L.H.S. 2
R.H.S. = 2
1
2
8.
STATEMENT-1 : If
sin( xr ) n , then
r 1
cot( xr ) n .
r 1
and
STATEMENT-2 : The number of solutions of the equation cosx = x is 1.
Sol. Answer (2)
Statement (2) cosx = x
Only one solution true
Statement-1
n
If
r 1
x1 x2 ..... xn
160
9.
Trigonometric Functions
L.H.S. [1, 1]
R.H.S. No solution
Both statements are correct and statement -2 is the correct explanation of statement -1.
n
, nZ .
7 14
and
STATEMENT-2 : The equation cos = k has exactly two solutions in [0, 2] for all k, 1 k 1.
Sol. Answer (3)
tan5 = cot2
Hence generalizing =
tan 5
2 , n Z
2
and
7 14
10
10
3
10
cot 2
Statement-2 is false.
11. STATEMENT-1 : sinx = siny x = y.
and
STATEMENT-2 : sinx = siny has infinitely many solutions for real values of x and y.
Sol. Answer (4)
Statement (2) is correct thus clearly
Statement (1) is wrong
sin x = sin y
(x = y, y)
12. STATEMENT-1 : f(x) = logcosxsinx is well defined in 0, .
2
and
STATEMENT-2 : sinx and cosx are positive in 0, .
2
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Trigonometric Functions
161
lnsin x
lncos x
Statement (1) is true but (2) is not correct explanation for (1)
13. STATEMENT-1 : If in ABC, 3bc = (a b+c)(a + b c) then A = 120.
and
STATEMENT-2 : cos120 =
1
2
b2 c 2 a2
1
2bc
2
cos A
1
]
2
A = 120
14. ABCD is a quadrilateral in which a circle is inscribed.
STATEMENT-1 : The length of the sides of the quadrilateral can be A.P.
and
STATEMENT-2 : The length of tangents from an external point to a circle are equal.
Sol. Answer (1)
If sum of opposite sides of a quadrilateral is equal, then and only then a circle can be inscribed in a
quadrilateral
Statement-1 : Length of sides of quadrilateral can be in A.P. if common difference is zero.
Statement-2 : True.
15. STATEMENT-1 : In ABC, if a < b sinA, then the triangle is possible.
and
STATEMENT-2 : In ABC
a
b
=
sin A sin B
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162
Trigonometric Functions
sin A sin A
sin A
a
b
sin A
sin A
sin B
sin B 1
16. Let ABCD be a cyclic quadrilateral then
STATEMENT-1 : sinA + sinB + sinC + sinD = 0
and
STATEMENT-2 : cosA + cosB + cosC + cosD = 0
Sol. Answer (4)
In cyclic quadrilateral ABCD
A + C = 180 and B + D = 180
A = 180 C and B = 180 D
Then, sin A = sin C
Or cos A = cosC
Trigonometric Functions
163
18. STATEMENT-1 : In an acute angled triangle minimum vlaue of tan + tan + tan is 3 3 .
and
STATEMENT-2 : If a, b, c are three positive real numbers then
a+b+c 3
abc also in a ABC,
3
SECTION - E
Matrix-Match Type Questions
1.
Column-II
(p) 3
(q) 4
(r) 1
equals
(D) If cosx + cos2x = 1, then the value of 4sin2x(2 cos2x)
(s) 0
sin2 x cos2 x
sin2 x cos2 x
4
sin2 2x
fmin = 4 4 = 0
(B) f(x) = ||sinx| 4| 3
fmax = |0 4| 3
=1
(C) 10log10 3 log10 tan1 tan10 tan2 log10 tan89
= 3 + log10{(tan1 tan89 ) (tan2 tan88 ) (tan44 tan46) tan45}
=3
(D) cosx + cos2x = 1 cosx = sin2x
4sin2x. (2 cos2x)
= 4sin2x (1 + sin2x) ( sin2x + cos2x = 1)
= 4(sin2x + sin4x)
= 4(sin2x + cos2x)
=4
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164
2.
Trigonometric Functions
Match the expression on column I with the expression on column II that is equal to it.
Column-I
Column-II
1 cos
1 cos
(A)
2
(B) 1 tan
1 cot 2
(C) 1
2 tan 2
(r)
cos 2
1 tan
1 cot
(A)
(1 cos )2
1 cos2
1 cos
sin
= |cosec + cot|
(B)
1 tan2
1 cot 2
sec 2
cosec 2
= tan2
2
1 tan
1 tan
tan
Also,
1 cot
tan 1
= tan2
(C) 1
2 tan2
cot 2
3.
Trigonometric Functions
165
Match the expression given in column I with its extreme values given in column II.
Column-I
(A) If
sin2 x
Column-II
cosec2 x
(p) 5
(q) 5
(r) 0
(s) 15
Column-II
3 cosec 20 sec 20
3
5
7
+ sin4
+ sin4
(B) 2 sin4 + sin4
8
8
8
8
(C) cos
2
4
6
cos cos
7
7
7
(D) sec10
1
3
cosec10
(p)
4
3
(q) 3
(r) 4
(s)
1
8
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166
Trigonometric Functions
3 cosec 20 sec 20
(A)
1
2 cos 20 2 sin 20
4
2 sin 20 cos 20
4.
sin 40
sin 40
=4
3
5
7
(B) 2 sin4 sin4
sin4
sin4
8
8
8
8
4 sin4 sin4
8
8
2 sin2
2
2
2
2 sin
8
8
1 cos 1 cos
4
4
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
2
2
=3
(C) cos
2
4
6
.cos .cos
7
7
7
2
4
cos .cos .cos
7
7
7
2 sin
7
3
8
7
1
8
(D) sec10
.sin
1
3
1
3
cosec10
3 sec10 cosec10
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167
3 sec10 cos10
sin10 cos10
3
1
2 sec10 2 cos10
4
sin 20
3
sin(10 30)
sin20
5.
Trigonometric Functions
Match the value of the expression given in column-I with value greater than or equal to the number given in
column-II.
Column-I
Column-II
(p) 2
(B) 2sin
2cos
(q) 23/2
(C) 2sin
2cos
(r)
(D) 2sin
2cos
(s) 25/4
211
(t) 29/8
Sol. Answer A(r), B(q), C(t), D(s)
(A)
2sin x 2cos x
2
2
2sin x 2cos x 2
2
2
2sin
1
2
2cos
2
2sin
1
22
2
sin x cos x 2
2
2 2
2
(B)
sin x cos x
2
2sin x cos x
2cos
2sin x cos x 1
sin 2 x 1
1
1
2
22
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168
Trigonometric Functions
(C) 2sin
2cos
1
(sin 2 x )3 1
8
2
(D) 2sin
2
6.
2cos
1
(sin 2 x )2 1
4
x cos3 x 1
x cos2 x 1
2sin
9
28
2sin
5
24
Column-II
sin 1
cos 3
=
and
= ; and are acute angles,
sin 2
cos 2
(p) 12
sin 1
cos 3
=
and
= ; and are acute angles,
sin 2
cos 2
(q)
1 5
3 3
(r)
5
3
(s) 1
(B) If
(t) 2
Sol. Answer A(q), B(r), C(s), D(p)
(A)
sin 1 cos 3
,
sin 2 cos 2
sin = 2sin
cos
2
cos
3
1 4 sin
4
cos2
9
sec 2 4 sin2
4
9
1 sin2 4 sin2
3 sin2 1
sin2
4
9
4 5
9 9
5
27
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tan
(B)
5
3 3
Trigonometric Functions
169
1 5
3 3
sin 1 cos 3
,
sin 2 cos 2
sin
1
3
sin , cos cos
2
2
1 2
9
sin , cos2
4
4
sec 2
1 2
9
sin
4
4
1 sin2
1 2
9
sin
4
4
3 2
5
sin
4
4
sin2
5
3
sin
5
3
sin50
cos50
2sin100 3 sin50
cos50
2sin100 2sin50
cos50
cos50
cos50
=1
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170
7.
Trigonometric Functions
Column-II
(Trigonometric equation)
(Family of solutions)
(p) (2n 1)
(q)
( 1)n , n Z
2
4
(r)
n
, nZ
7
(s) ( 4n 1)
, nZ
10
, nZ
14
sin9 sin = 0
cos5 = cos
5 = n +
2cos5 sin4 = 0
or sin 4 0
2
, n Z
= (2n + 1)
or
4
2
10
7
3
2 sin
2
2cos
2
2
= 0
2 n
2
2
= (4n + 1)
14
n
n
or
7
4
tan tan15
tan tan15
(D) 3
=
1 tan tan15
1 tan tan15
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Trigonometric Functions
171
sin2 1
2
2
2 = n + (1)n
8.
( 1)n , n Z
2
4
Column-II
3
(A) The number of solutions of sin3x + cos2x = 0 in 0,
is
2
(p) 1
(q) 4
(1 tanx)(1 + sin2x) = 1 + tanx in , is
2 2
(r) 2
(s) 0
sin3x 3sinxcos2x + 2cos3x = 0 in , is
4 4
2p
3
y
sin3x
(A)
0
1
p
6 p
4
p p
3 2
7p
p
3p 5p
2 6
p
3
3p
2
cos2x
It is clear from the graph that 4 points satisfy the given equation
(B) (cosx sinx) (1 + sin2x) = cosx + sinx
sinx + cosx sinx sin2x + cosx sin2x = sinx + cosx
1 + sin2x + 2cos2x = 1 or sinx = 0
sinx cosx = 1 cos2x
sinx [cosx + sinx] = 0
x = 0 or
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172
Trigonometric Functions
(C) 1 sin(x) 1
But ex + e x 2
Hence no solution exists.
(D) sin3x 3sinx cos2x + 2cos3x = 0
sin2x (sinx cosx) + sinx cosx (sinx cosx) 2 cos2x (sinx cosx) = 0.
(sinx cosx) (sinx cosx) (sinx + 2cosx) = 0
(sinx cosx)2 (sinx + 2cosx) = 0
9.
,
4 4 4
or tan x 2 x
Column-II
1
(p) k , 1
2
1
(q) k , 1
4
(r) k (, 3]
1
(s) k , 1
8
sin8 x cos8 x
sin8 x cos8 x
2
1
2
sin4 2 x
k
1
2
16
16
1
8
1
k , 1
8
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Trigonometric Functions
173
(B) In order that the given equation admits of a solution we must have
(k + 2)2 k2 + 16
k2 + 4k + 4 k2 + 16
k 3 k (3]
(C) Do as a part (A.M. G.M)
(D) Do as a part (A.M. G.M)
10. Match the following
Column-I
(A) cosx sin3x < sinx cos3x, 0 x 2 is satisfied
Column-II
5
(p) ,
6 6
for x lying in
(B) The value of x for which 4 sin2x 8 sinx + 3 0,
(q) , ,
4 4 4
2 , 2 0
(r)
(s) 0,
4
(t)
3
4 ,
x 0,
4
(B) 4 sin2 x 6 sinx 2 sinx + 3 0
2 sinx (2 sinx 3) 1(2 sinx 3) 0
(2 sinx 3) (2 sinx 1) 0
But 2 sinx 3 0
2 sinx 1 0
sinx
1
2
5
x ,
6 6
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174
Trigonometric Functions
3
x , ,
4 4
4
(D) cos x sin x 1
4
4
1
sin x
x , 2 0
4
11. Based on the relation between the variables in column I match the type of the triangle in column II.
Column-I
Column-II
(A) r1 = r2 + r3 + r
(D) R = 2r
(s) Equilateral
s a s s b (s c )
a
2s (s c )
s(s a ) (s b )(s c )
s(s a) = (s b) (s c)
(s b )(s c )
1
s (s a )
tan2
A
1
2
A
A 90
2 4
Then triangle is right angled
(B) (a2 + b2) sin(A B) = (a2 b2)sin(A + B)
sin( A B ) a 2 b 2
sin( A B ) a 2 b 2
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Trigonometric Functions
175
sin( A B ) sin( A B )
2a 2
sin( A B ) sin( A B ) 2b 2
2sin A cos B
a2
2cos A sin B b 2
cos A sin B
sin2 B
cos B sin A
cos A sin B
sin2A = sin2B
A B or 2A = 2B
AB
AB
C
2
(D) R = 2r
cos A cos B cos C 1 r 3
R 2
Then it is possible
A = B = C
12. Match the following
Column-I
(A) In triangle ABC, the angle A = 60 and
Column-II
(p)
12
5
(q)
7
2
176
Trigonometric Functions
(r) 8
a2 + b2
c2
(s) 5
cos A
b2 c 2 a2 1
2bc
2
b2 + c2 a2 = bc
25 + 9 a2 = 15
a2 = 19
Length of median AD =
1
16 50 19
2
7
2
1
2b 2 2c 2 a 2
2
48 1 12
10 2
5
A
(C)
B
Let
B
AD = 3
BE = 4
CF = 5
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Trigonometric Functions
177
Column-II
bc
= b 2 + c 2 2bc cos A ,
2cos A
(q) Equilateral
A
B
C
+ tan + tan = 3 ,
2
2
2
(r)
Isosceles
then must be
(D) In a ABC, the sides and the altitudes
Acute angled
bc
b 2 c 2 2bc cos A
2cos A
By using Cosine Rule
b2 c 2 a2
2
2
2
bc
2bc
2(b 2 c 2 a 2 )
bc(2bc )
b2c 2
b2 c 2 a2
a2
178
Trigonometric Functions
(C) tan
A
B
C
tan tan 3
2
2
2
(i)
A
B
B
C
C
A
tan tan tan tan .tan 1
2
2
2
2
2
2
tan
2 A
2 B
2C
tan 2 tan 2 tan 2 2 tan 2 tan 2 tan 2 tan 2 tan 2 tan 2 3
2
tan
A
B
C
tan2 tan2 1
2
2
2
2
A
B
B
C
C
A
2
2
2
2
2
2
A
B
C
A
B
B
C
C
A
2 tan2 tan2 tan2 tan tan tan tan tan tan
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
= 2[1 1] = 0
It is possible if
tan
A
B
C
tan tan
2
2
2
A = B = C
(D) Let a, b, c are the sides with usual rotations given a, b, c are in A.P.
2b = a + c
(i)
Let P1, P2, P3 are the length of altitudes AP, BE, CE respectively
1
1
1
Now, aP1 bP2 cP3
2
2
2
Or P1
2
2
2
, P2
, P3
a
b
c
2
b
a
b
2 1 1
b a b
(ii)
From (i) and (ii) a, b, c are in A.P. as well as in H.P. then it is possible if a = b = c
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Trigonometric Functions
179
SECTION - F
Integer Answer Type Questions
1.
If 5cos = 3, then,
cosec cot
is equal to
cosec cot
cosec cot
cosec cot
= (cosec + cot)2
=
(1 cos )2
sin2
1 5
=
16
25
2.
Least integral value of 3(tan2 cot 2 ) 8(tan cot ) 10, 0, can be
2
1
1
8
4
= 3
sin cos
sin cos
12
16
4
sin 2 sin 2
2
= 4(3cosec22 4cosec2 + 1)
4
4 16
2
4
= 12 cosec 2 cosec2
3
9 3
2
4
= 12 cosec2
3
3
fmin = 0
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180
Trigonometric Functions
3.
x 2 2 x 2cos2 sin2 0 , then maximum number of ordered pair (x, ) such that x R, [0, 2].
3
,
2 2
x2 2x + 1 = 0 x = 1
4.
3
( x, 0) 1, , 1,
2 2
8 2
p for which sin(p cos) = cos(p sin) has a solution in [0, 2] is
p cos
p sin
2
p(sin cos )
sin cos
2p
sin
4 2 2p
2 2p
2 2
8 2
2 2
Smallest value of p is 4.
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5.
Trigonometric Functions
181
+3 , then is equal to
2
2
1
1
2
cos( ) cos( )
cos
cos( )cos( )
2
2 sin cos
cos
cos2 sin2
cos2 sin2 = cos2sin2
cos2(1 cos) = sin2
6.
sin2
sin2
1 cos
cos2
2
2
2
2sin
2
4 sin2
cos2
cos2 .sec 2
2
2
cos2 .sec 2
3 23 5
2
The sum of maximum and minimum values of the expression 5cos x + 3 sin x + 4 is
6
5cos x 3 sin x 4
6
3
5 cos x 3 cos x
sin x 4
2
2
13
3 3
cos x
sin x 4
2
2
Maximum value
169 27
4
4
4
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182
Trigonometric Functions
196
4
4
= 7 + 4 = 11
Minimum value = 7 + 4 = 3
Let PQ and RS be two parallel chords of a given circle of radius 6 cm lying on the same side of the centre.
If the chords subtends angles of 72 and 144 at the centre and the distance between the chords is d, then d2
is equal to
d = 6 sin54 6 sin18
= 6(cos36 sin18)
72
5 1
5 1
1
6 3
= 6
2
4
4
54
M
Q
d2 = 9
8.
If 3tantan = 1 then
cos( )
is equal to
cos( )
tan .tan
9.
1
3
sin .sin
1
cos .cos 3
cos( ) 4
2
cos( ) 2
7 3 2
2
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Trigonometric Functions
2
183
81cos
81sin
81sin
30
81
30
y
y2 30y + 81 = 0
y = 3, y = 27
3 4 sin
31, 3 4 sin
2
sin x
33
1
3
or sin2 x
4
4
x [0, 2]
x
5 7 11
,
,
,
6 6 6 6
or
2 4 5
,
,
,
3 3 3 3
Number of solution = 8
11. If a, b [0, 2] and the equation x2 + 4x + 3sin(ax + b) = 2x has atleast one solution, and the least (+ve) value
of a + b is k then,
2k
is equal to.
3
k
2
2k 2 3 3
2
12. If sin2x 2sinx = 1 has exactly four solutions in [0, n], then minimum value of n is equal to.
Sol. Answer (4)
sin2x 2sinx = 1 has exactly four solutions in [0, n]
sin2x 2sinx 1 = 0
sin x
2 4 4
1 2
2
sin x 1 2, sin x (1 2)
Minimum value of n = 4 for which this equation has exactly four solutions in (0, n)
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184
Trigonometric Functions
R
(value [x] denote the greatest integer of x)
r
AB = AC
A = 90, B = 45, C = 45
And r 4R sin
A
B
C
sin sin
2
2
2
r 4R sin 45 sin
4R
2
sin2
45
45
sin
2
2
45
2
4R 1 cos 45
2
2
2R
1
1
2
2
r
2
1 ( 2 1)
R
2
1
2 1
2.414
R
2
r
abc
4R
abc
4
a(a ) 4
4
4
R = 1
2R = 2
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Trigonometric Functions
185
bc
15. In a triangle ABC with usual notation bcosecB = a, then value of
is
r R
Given b cosecB = a
b = a sinB
a
b
1 sin B
A = 90
Now,
a
A
and r (s a ) tan
2
2
bc
r R
bc
a
(s a )
2
2(b c )
bc
=
a
abc a
s
2
bc
2
r R
a(a b c )
is
3bc
1 c 2 a2 b2
2
2ac
c2 + a2 b2 = ac
b2 = ac
c2 + a2 2ac = 0
c = a = b
Hence
a(a b c ) 3a 2
2 1
3bc
3a
27r 2R
is equal to
r1r2 r3
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186
Trigonometric Functions
3 2
a
4
3a
2
And
Now
3a 2 (2)
1
a
4(3a )
2 3
r1
s a
3a 2
3 a2
3
a r2 r3
2
3a
a
4
4
a
2
a
2a
sin A
3
27r 2R 27a2 2a
8
4
43
r1r2 r3
3 3 3a 3
1
b cos
b cos
19. Let ABC and ABC be two non-congruent triangles with sides AB = 4, AC = AC = 2 2 and angle B = 30. The
absolute value of the difference between the areas of these triangles is
[IIT-JEE 2009]
Sol. Answer (4)
Required area will be the shaded region in the figure
A
4
2
30
22
2
45
Area of ACC
2
C
1
24 4
2
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Trigonometric Functions
187
n
20. The number of values of in the interval , such that
for n = 0, 1, 2 and tan = cot 5 as well
2
2
5
as sin2 = cos4 is
[IIT-JEE 2010]
tan cot 5
we have,
tan tan 5
2
5 n
2
n
2
12 6
Also,
4 2n 2
2
Taking positive
6 2n
3 12
Taking negative
2 2n
n
1
2
is
[IIT-JEE 2010]
1
2
188
Trigonometric Functions
1 cos 2
1 cos 2 3
5
sin 2
2
2
2
3 2cos 2
3
sin 2
2
g ()min 3 4
f ()max
9
4
5 1
2 2
1
2
g ()min
22. Consider a triangle ABC and let a, b and c denote the lengths of the sides opposite to vertices A, B and C respectively.
Suppose a = 6, b = 10 and the area of the triangle is 15 3. If ACB is obtuse and if r denotes the radius of the
incircle of the triangle, then r2 is equal to
[IIT-JEE 2010]
Sol. Answer (3)
sin C
3
and C is given to be obtuse.
2
2
3
cos C
a2 b2 c 2
1 36 100 c 2
2ab
2
2 6 10
c = 14
15 3 2
3
6 8 14
1
1
1
is
2
3
sin sin sin
n
n
n
[IIT-JEE 2011]
sin
n
sin
1
1
2
3
sin
sin
n
n
2
3
3
2
sin sin
sin sin
sin
n
n
n
n
n
n
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Trigonometric Functions
cos
5
2 4
3
cos
cos
cos cos
n
n
n
n
n
n
sin
sin
sin
sin
2n
2n
2n
n
sin
9
5
sin
2n
2n
189
9 5
(2k 1), say
2n
7
, k is an integer
2k 1
Let us put k = 0
Hence n = 7
SECTION - G
Multiple True-False Type Questions
1.
STATEMENT-3 : sinx1 < sinx2, x1< x2, x1, x2 0,
2
(1) T F T
(2) F T T
(3) F T F
(4) T F F
sinx, sinx2 if x1 < x2 is 0,
2
FTT
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190
2.
Trigonometric Functions
(2) F F T
2
sec
4
3
(3) T T F
(4) T F F
2
tan 4 cot 4 cosec 4 sec 3
L.H.S. = (1 1 2)(1 1 2)
2
= 4 2 2 sec
3.
false
3
(2) T T T
(3) T F T
(4) T T F
Statement-III :
f() = g() for all
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Trigonometric Functions
191
in its domain
2
STATEMENT-1 : cos = x +
1
is possible for some real values of x.
x
(2) F T T
(3) F F T
(4) F T F
5.
1
1 + x2
= 2.
STATEMENT-1 : tan22 is a root of the equation
2
1 x2
STATEMENT-2 : sin = x +
1
k
is possible for real value x if k .
4
x
(2) T F T
(3) T F F
(4) F F F
x2 2 1 2 2
x2 3 2 2
1
1
x2 1
x 1
x2 1
1 x2
x
2
k
3 2 2 1
3 2 2 1
42 2
22 2
1 2
2
2
1 2
1 2
2 2
k
x k
1
4
| sin nx | n | sin x |
| sin nx | 10
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192
6.
Trigonometric Functions
STATEMENT-1 : sin x
1
tan x
p
3
STATEMENT-2 : cos x x
1
p2 1
, p 1
3
, x 0 has no solution in R
x
(2) F T F
(3) T T T
(4) T T F
3
Statement-2 : As x
1
p2 1
3
x , hence no solution exist
x
7.
, x Z
2
a
STATEMENT-1 : If , are different values of x satisfying a cosx + b sinx = c, (b 0), then tan
.
2 b
STATEMENT-2 : sin2x + cos2x + sinx + cosx + 1 = 0 has no solution in 0, .
2
STATEMENT-3 : sin 3 cos 1 when , .
6 2
(1) F F F
(2) T T T
(3) T T F
(4) F T T
a cos b sin c
a cos b sin c
a(cos cos ) b(sin sin ) 0
2a sin
tan
2
2
.sin
2b cos
.sin
0
q
2
2
2
2
a
( )
(False)
Statement-2 :
sin 3 cos 1
1
3
.cos
L.H.S. = 2 sin .
2
2
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Trigonometric Functions
193
= 2sin
3
2 sin 1
3
1
sin
3 2
5
6
3
6
6
2
(True)
Statement-3 :
x 0,
(True)
1
3
( 3 1)sin x
0 has two roots in
4
2
0, 2 .
(2) T F F
(3) T T F
(4) F T T
(True)
Statement-2 :
sin2 x
sin x
1
2
( 3 1)sin x
3
0
4
3 1
3 1 2 3
3
2
2
2
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194
Trigonometric Functions
3 1
2
2
2
3 1
33
, sin x
2 2
2 2
One solution in 0,
(False)
Statement-3 :
sin sin5 sin3, [0, ]
2 sin3.cos 2 sin3
sin3 0,
0,
cos 2
2
,
, ,
3 3
1
2
5
,
6 6
6 Solution
9.
(False)
3 3
8
(2) T F T
(3) T F F
(4) F T F
3 3
8
Statement-2 :
sin2A + sin2B + sin2C = 2 cos2C + cosC.cos(A B)
R.H.S. = 1 + (1 cos2C) + cos[ (A + B)]cos(A B)
= 1 + sin2C cos(A + B).cos(A B)
= 1 + sin2C [cos2A sin2B]
= (1 cos2A) + sin2B + sin2C
= sin2A + sin2B + sin2C
Statement-3 :
In a ABC
sin2 A sin2 B sin2 C
9
4
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Trigonometric Functions
195
1
4
1
5
, then (a + b + c)(b + c a) bc
4
2
(2) F T T
(3) T F T
(4) T T F
Let a x, b
cos A
a
2
x
, and c x
2
b2 c 2 a2
2bc
x2
x2 x2
4
=
x
2 (x)
2
cos A
1
4
Statement-2 :
In a ABC
Given cos A
1 b2 c 2 a2
4
2bc
bc
b2 c 2 a2
2
Now, (b + c + a) (b + c a) = (b + c)2 a2
= b2 + c2 a2 + 2bc
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196
Trigonometric Functions
bc
2bc
2
5bc
2
Statement-3 :
In a ABC
(b + c a) (c + a b) (a + b c) ?abc
Let x = b + c a
y=c+ab
z=a+bc
Now,
xy
yz
2 x
c,
a,
b
2
2
2
z x 2 zx
And(x + y) (y + 2) (2 + x) 8xyz
(2a) (2b) (2c) 8(b + c a) (c + a b) (a + b c)
(b + c a) (c + a b) (a + b c) abc
SECTION - H
Aakash Challengers Questions
1.
If tan
a
and 0 < < , then the value of
b
a2 b2
|a|
sin is ....
(Assume b 0, a 0, a, b R)
Sol. tan
a a2 b2
,
sin ?, (0, )
b
|a|
lies in (0, )
tan will be positive or negative but sin will be positive
sin
|a|
a2 b2
2
2
a b sin 1
|a|
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2.
Trigonometric Functions
197
If a cos3 3a cos .sin2 m , a sin3 3a cos2 sin n , then (m n )2/3 (m n )2/3 is equal to
(1) 2a2
(2) 2a2/3
(3) a2/3
(4) 2a3
(1)
2
sin
2
3
2
3
& cos2
3
5
16 8 81
625
625
216
(2 3)
625
216
125
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198
5.
Trigonometric Functions
Let f and g be function defind by f() = cos2 and g() = tan2. Suppose and satisfy 2f() g() = 1, then the
value of 2f() g() is ........
2f() g() = 1
2cos2 sin2 = 1
2f() g()
= 2cos2 sin2
= sec2 sin2
=1
a
, being an acute angle. Denote by f(a, b) the value of the expression acosec2 bsec2, where
b
= 6. Then f(8, 15) is equal to ........
Let tan
a
b
Sol. tan
acosec2 bsec2
tan
a
b
a(cos 2 b sin2)
sin2.cos 2
a2
+
6.
a
b
a2 b2
cos 2
sin 2
a2 b2
a2 b2
sin 2.cos 2
2 a2 b2
sin( 2)
2sin2.cos 2
2 a2 b2
sin 4
sin 4
2 a2 b2
7.
Sol. 2 cos
3
5
7
9
+ cos
+ cos +cos
+ cos is ........
11
11
11
11
11
3
5
7
9
cos
cos
cos
cos
11
11
11
11
11
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Trigonometric Functions
199
sin 5
11 2
2 1
2
cos 4.
11
11 2
2 1
sin
11 2
5
5
2sin cos sin 10
11
11
11 1
sin
sin
11
11
8.
= cot16 cot(60 16) + cot(60 16) cos(60 + 16) cot(60 + 16) cot16
2
2
cot 60 cot16 1 cos 60 sin 16 cot 60 cot16 1
cot16
cot16
1 3cot 2 16
3 4sin2 16
cot16 3 cot 2 16 3 3cot16 cot16 3 3 cot 2 16 3cot16 1 4sin2 16
(cot16)
1 3cot 2 16
3 4sin2 16
1 3cot 2 16
3 4sin2 16
=3
9.
If cos( 1 ) =
1
2 3
and sin( 2 ) =
1
3 2
1
2 3
sin( 2 )
1
3 2
Sol. cos( 1 )
108
6
2
sin(1 2 ) is ........
cos (1 2 ) +
5
18
17
= cos( 2) ( 1)
3 2 2 3
11
2 3 3 2
11
17
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200
Trigonometric Functions
17 11
6 6
1
1
17
11
3 2 2 3 3 2 2 3
1 17 11
6 6
108 17 11 2 17 11
6 (1 7 11)
5
216
18
6 6
1
2
28 2 17 11
1 7 11
10
10
1
28 2 17 11 2 2 17 11
10
1
30 3
10
3
, then the value of cos + cos + cos is ........
2
3
2
1
, then the greatest value of 2cossin is ........
2
1
2
2sincos = 1
sin( + ) + sin( ) = 1
2cossin
= sin( + ) sin( )
= ( 1)
=1
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Trigonometric Functions
201
1 2
sin9 cos18
sin k
cos9
sin36
tan k
cos9
2 1
1
cos9
sin9 sin x
cos9 2
2
1 1 + tan9 = tank k = 9
A B A B 10
sin
sin3
sin9
AB AB 3
cos3 cos9 cos 27
sin 2
2 sin
2sin3
cos9
tan27 tan9
2 sin9
cos 27
A = 2B
A
2
B
AB 22
A B 2 1 1
3,
A B 2 1
A B 21 3
A B A B 3 7 10
AB AB
3
3
A B A B 10
0
AB AB 3
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202
Trigonometric Functions
14. If A 3 cot 20 4 cos 20 and B = sin12sin48sin54 be such that A + B = 2, then the value of 3 + 2000 is......
Sol. Given A
3 cot 20 4cos 20
cos 20
4cos 20
sin20
sin80 sin 40
sin20
2cos 60 sin 20
sin 20
1
1
2
B = sin12sin48sin54
1
(2 sin 48 sin12)cos36
2
1
(cos36 cos 60)cos36
2
1 5 1 1 5 1
2 4
2
4
1
5 1
5 1
2
4
4
1 4
2 16
1
8
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Trigonometric Functions
203
Now, A + 8B = 1 + 1 = 2
A + 8B = 2
=8
3 + 2000 = 83 + 2000
= 512 + 2000
= 2512
15. If tan
x( x x 1)
, tan
x
2
x x 1
and tan
1
x
1
x
1
be such that l + m + n = 0, then the
x
1
2
x( x x 1)
tan
1 x x
x3
Now, tan( )
x( x x 1)
1
, tan
x
2
x x 1
x x
x x 1
tan tan
1 tan .tan
x
2
x x 1
x
x ( x x 1)
2
(1 x )
x
2
x
x2 x 1 1
( x 2 x 1)
( x 1)
x x2 x 1
( x 2 x 1)
x ( x 1)
x2 x 1
x x
1 1
1
tan
x x2 x3
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204
Trigonometric Functions
+=
+ = 0
l = 1, m = 1, n = 1
Now, l3 + m3 + n3 = 3lmn
= 1 + 1 1 + 3
=4
16. A = { | 2cos2 + sin 2}
3
B = . Find A B
2
2
sin (2 sin 1) 0
(1)
Since
3
,
2 2
(2)
x'
5
6 ,0
y'
.
sin .cos
cos sin
sin .cos
4 cos 2.
sin 2
cos 2
2
or
(2n 1)
(2n 1)
sin 2
or
1
2
( 1)n .
2
12
( 1)n .
or
4
2
12
tan( 15)
3
tan( 15)
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Trigonometric Functions
205
sin( 15 15) 3 1
sin( 15 15) 3 1
sin2 2
1
2
=1
2 n ( 1)4 .
( 1)4 .
2
4
2cos2 1 ( 2 1)cos 1
1
2
2 2 cos2 (2 2)cos 1 0
( 2 cos 1) (2cos 1) 0
cos
1
2
2n
or
cos
1
2
or 2n
4
3
m
n2
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206
Trigonometric Functions
k = odd = 2m + 1
(2n 1 ) = (2m + 1)
(2m 1)
2n
2m 1
k or
2n
or
m
n2
where k, m Z
cos x
Sol. tan x
1 sin2 x
tan x
cos x
2,
sin x cos x
tan x
1
2
1 tan x
(1 tan x )
cos x
2.
1 sin2 x
if sin x cos x 0
1
3
1 tan x
Let 1 + tanx = y
y2 3y + 1 = 0
y
3 5
2
tan x
tan x
1 5
2
5 1
,
2
tan x
5 1
2
5 1
5 1
x n tan1
or n tan1
2
2
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Trigonometric Functions
207
Case II
sin x + cos x < 0
tan x
cos x
2
sin x cos x
tan x
1
2
1 tan x
1 tan x
1
3
1 tan x
y 2 3y 1 0
(1 tan x y )
3 13
2
tan x
1 13
2
1 13 1 13
,
2
2
232
( x 2y ) is _______.
Sol. We have,
3 sin2x + 2 sin2y = 1
3 sin2x = cos2y and 3sin2x = 2sin2y
x + 2y = n +
= (2n 1)
0 < x + 2y <
,
2 n Z
3
x + 2y =
2
2
232
232
( x 2y )
116
2
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208
Trigonometric Functions
3 cos 2B
2 cos A cos B(1 cos2 B ) cos B
1 cos 2B
2
and
Hence,
2 2 sin( A B ) sin2B
2
and 8 =
cos2B
3 cos 2B
1 cos 2B
2
sin B
2
2
1
2 2
and sin 2B =
3
3
sin2 2B
8
1620
180
8
89
24. Let the sum of all solutions of the equation 3 3 sin3 x cos3 x 3 3 sin x cos x 1 in the interval [0, 10] be
denoted by S. Then
3S
is _______.
Sol. We have,
3 3 sin3 x cos3 x 3 3 sin x cos x 1
3 sin x
cos x 1 3
3
3 sin x cos x 1 0
3 sin x cos x 1 0
cosx +
cos x
3 sin x 1
1
3
1
.sin x
2 2
2
sin x sin
6
6
or cos x cos
3
3
2n
3
3
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x = 2n, 2n +
Trigonometric Functions
209
2
,nZ
3
2 8 14 20 26
, ,
,
,
3 3 3
3
3
160
s
3
3s 3 160
160
41 sin 2 x 2 sin
65 .
65
16
65
t
4t2 65t + 16 = 0
4t2 64t t + 16 = 0
4t2 64t t + 16 = 0
4t (t 16) (t 16) = 0
t = 16
or t
1
4
cos2x + sin2x = 2
or cos2x + sin2x = 1
not possible
Ans. x n
or x = (2n 1)
26. If the equation sin6x + cos4x = 2 have a family of nonnegative solutions xks, where 0 x1 < x2 < x3 _______.
< xk < xk+1 ......., then the value of
1000
| xk 1 xk | is _______.
k 1
Sol. We have,
sin6x + cos4x = 2
Which will be possible only when sin 6 x 1 , cos 4x = 1
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210
Trigonometric Functions
6 x 2k
x = n
, 4 x 2m , k, m Z
2
where n Z .
4
So xk+1 xk =
1 1000
xk 1 xk 1000
k 1
27. Find all values of x, y and k for which the system of equations
sinx cos2y = k4 2k2 + 2
cosx sin2y = k + 1
has a solution.
Sol. sinxcos2y = k4 2k2 + 2
cosxsin2y = k + 1
sinxcos2y = (k2 1)2 + 1
and cosxsin2y = k + 1
But L.H.S. is less than or equal to 1.
k=1
So,
Case-I, k = 1
sinxcos2y = 1
sinx = 1 and cos2y = 1
or cosxsin2y = 2 which is not possible
Case-II,
When k = 1
sinx cos2y = 1
sinx = 1 and cos2y = 1
or, sinx = 1 or cos2y = 1
and cosx sin2y = 0
x 2n
and y
n
2
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Trigonometric Functions
211
y 2n
1
2
29. The sum of value of , 0 2, such that x2 2xcos + 1 = 0 has real roots is ....... times .
Sol. x2 2xcos + 1 = 0
x=
2cos 4 cos2 4
2
2cos 4 sin2
will be real if sin = 0
2
A = 0, , 2
sum of values = 0 + +2
= 3
30. If cos
2+ 6
3 1
3 +1
=
, then all x 0, such that
+
= 4 2 , then find x.
12
4
sin
x
cos
x
2
3 1
3 1
2 2 2 2
Sol. 2 2
cos x
sin x
sin x 12
4 2
sin2 x
2x
12
12
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212
Trigonometric Functions
31. The number of values of x lying in [, ] and satisfying 2sin2 = cos2 and sin2 + 2cos2 cos 1 = 0
is
(1) 0
(2) 2
(3) 4
(4) 6
1
2
(i)
1
or cos 2sin = 1 (ii)
2
1
2
Number of solutions in [, ] is 2
32. The number of solutions of the equation sinx.cosx(cosx sinx)2. (sinx + cosx) = , where
1
2 2
in the
(2) 2
(3) 4
(4) 8
sin4 x.cos x
4
2
= 2 2
L.H.S. can never exceed one while RHS = 2 2 1
Since
1
2 2
No solution
33. The number of solutions of the equation sin5
(1) 0
(2) 1
1
1
cos5 where 0,
sin cos
(3) 2
, is
2
(4) 3
1
1
cos sin
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Trigonometric Functions
(sin cos) [sin4 + sin3 cos + sin2 cos2 + sin cos3 + cos4] =
213
sin cos
sin cos
sin cos= 0
(i)
1
0
sin cos
(ii)
From (ii)
1
1
1
2
1 sin2 2 sin2 sin2 2
0
2
2
4
sin2
34. The number of solutions of x in the interval [, ] of the equation (1 + cot267) (1 + tan222)
= sec2x + cos2x is
(1) 1
(2) 2
(3) 3
(4) 4
tan3 tan42
tan45
1 tan3 tan42
(2) x n
, n Z
4
(3) x
n
, n Z
2
(4) x 2n
,nZ
4
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214
Trigonometric Functions
Applying components-dividends
sin2 x sin(2 x )
sin40
80
sin2x = 0
2x = n
n
, n Z
2
36. Let x [0, 2]. The curve y = secx tanx + 2tanx secx and the line y = 2 intersect in
(1) No point
(2) 2 points
(3) 3 points
(4) 4 points
5
2 4
x , ,x
,
(in [0, 2])
4 4
3 3
1 tan ( 2 2 1)
(1) n
only n Z
4
2
1 tan(( 2 2 1))
(2) n
0 is
, n Z
4
(3) n
only n Z (4) n , n Z
3
3
while R.H.S. = 1 at x = 2
2
No solution
=0
Putting = 0 is given equation, we get
1 tan
2
0
1 tan
1 tan2 + 2 = 0
tan2 = 3
General solution is n
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Trigonometric Functions
215
(2) 4
(3) 8
1
2
2
x (2n 1) or x 2n
2
3
sin x
1
or sinx = 1
2
x n (1)n
or x 2n
6
2
(2) 2
(3) 4
(4) Infinite
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216
Trigonometric Functions
|x|
y=2
y = 1 + 2|cosx|
40. If the equation 1 + sin2x = cos has a non-zero solution in , then x must be
(1) An integer
n
2m
n
2m
41. In a triangle ABC, if the median and altitude from A trisect angle A, then (B C) is ( in degrees) equal to _______.
Sol. From the question it is clear
BD = DE and BE = EC
Let BD = x
So, BD = DE = x
& EC = 2x
AE is the angle bisector of ADC
So,
AD 1
AD
, But
sin C
AC 2
DC
sinC = sin30 C C = 30
AD
AD
1
tan30
AD 3 x
DC
3x
3
In ABD
tan B
AD
3x
x
B = 60
So, B C = 30
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Trigonometric Functions
217
42. In a right angled triangle ABC, if r(inradius) = 7 cm and R(circumradius) = 32.5 cm, then the area of the
triangle (in square cm) is _____
Sol. r = 7 cm
R = 32.5 cm
A=?
Let C = x
C = C5
AP = A5
[Length of tangent drawn from internal point are equal]
BC2
65 x
AC2
Simplifying we get x = 56 or 9
Ar ABC
65 x
7
C
1
1
BC AB 16 63
2
2
P
7
B
44. In a ABC if
1
r12
1
r22
1
r32
a2 + b2 + c 2
n
1
r12
1
r22
1
r32
a2 b2 c 2
n
Taking L.H.S.
1
r
1
r12
1
r22
1
r32
s 2 (s a )2 (s b )2 (s c )2
2
(a b c )2 (b c a )2 (a b c )2 (a b c )2
4 2
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218
Trigonometric Functions
4(a 2 b 2 c 2 )
4 2
a2 b2 c 2
2
So n = 2
45. The radius of the circle touching two sides AB and AC of a triangle ABC and having its centre on BC is equal
to ______ .
1
1
r b r c
2
2
r
r
B
r
D
2
bc
46. Find the cubic equation whose roots are the radius of three inscribed circles in term of inradius, circumradius
and perimeter.
Sol. Let roots be r1, r2 and r3
Equation x3 (r1 + r2 + r3)x2 + (r1r2 + r2r3 + r1r3)x r1r2r3 = 0
r1 + r2 r2r3 + r1r3 =
2
2
2
s c s as b
s2
s (s a ) (s b ) ( s c )
s 2 .s
2
s2
1 1 1 r2 r3 r1r3
s2
1
r
r
Also,
12
r1 r2 r3
r1r2 r3
r1r2 r3 r
r1r2r3 = s2r
and r1 + r2 + r3 = 4R + r
Equation x3 (4R + r)x2 + s2x s2r = 0
47. ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral inscribed in circle of radius 21 cm, having diagonals AC and BD at right angles,
the point of intersection of AC and BD being E. Then the sum of squares of E from the four vertices (in sqaure
cm) is _______.
A
Sol. We have to find
EB2 + ED2 + EA2 + EC2
1
(EB 2 EA2 ) (EB 2 EC 2 ) (EC 2 ED 2 ) (ED 2 EA2 )
2
1
AB 2 BC 2 CD 2 AD 2
2
90
90
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Trigonometric Functions
219
Now, let R be the radius of the circumscribed circle using sine rule
AD2 = 4R2 sin2 ; AB2 = 4R2 sin2
BC2 = 4R2 cos2 ; CD2 = 4R2 cos2
Hence
1
AB 2 BC 2 CD 2 AD 2
2
1
8R 2 4R 2 1764
2
48. In ABC, 3sinA + 4cosB = 6 and 4sinB + 3cosA = 1. Find the measure of angle C.
3 sin A 4cos B 6
Sol.
3cos A 4 sin B 1
3(sin A cos A) 4(cos B sin B ) 5
4sinB + 3cosA = 1
24sin(A + B) = 37 25 = 12
sin(A + B) =
1
2
sin( C) =
sinC =
1
2
1
2
5
,
6 6
Sol. tan
A
B
C
tan tan
in a triangle is equal to
2
2
2
A
B
C
tan tan
2
2
2
Given A + B + C =
A B C
2
2
tan
A
B
B
C
C
A
tan tan tan tan tan 1
2
2
2
2
2
2
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220
Trigonometric Functions
1
A
B
C
tan2 tan2 tan2
27
2
2
2
tan
A
B
C
1
tan tan
2
2
2 3 3
50. If the angle A and angle B of a triangle (A > B) satisfy the equation 2tanx (1 + tan2x) = 0, then determine
the angle C where 0 < < 1.
Sol. 2tanx (1 + tan2x) = 0
A, B satisfy this equation
2 sin x
cos x
cos2 x
sin2x =
sin2A = = sin2B
2A = 2B
A B
( A B )
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