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ABSTRACT
The paper deals with the Design and analysis of shaft and rotor assembly for hammer mill crusher of capacity 0.1
(100kg/hr) tones per hour transmitting 20 B.H.P and a speed of 750 rpm. The design is based on the standard design procedure.
In the present work by using the standard design procedure, diameter of rotor shaft of hammer mill crusher has been designed. The
design should be safe when the values obtained from the present design procedure were compared with the values and results
obtained from the analysis using Ansys package.
When the shaft is rotated at rated speed (rpm) and the loads applied to the shaft it should not bend during rotation. When
the shaft is rotated under free conditions, deflections will be created due to the critical speed of the shaft.
To compare this deflection shaft was designed such that the natural frequency and speed is under limits. In this project the shaft and
rotor assembly of hammer mill crusher was modeled using Pro-e modeling package and the FEM model of the shaft was developed
using Ansys package. Meshing of the shaft model was done and the loads, stresses that were applied for the shaft to be checked out
that the design should be safe one.
I. INTRODUCTION
A crusher is a machine designed to
reduce large solid material objects into a smaller
volume, or smaller pieces. Crushers may be used
to reduce the size, or change the form, of waste
materials so they can be more easily disposed of
or recycled, or to reduce the size of a solid mix
of raw materials (as in rock ore), so that pieces of
different composition can be differentiated.
Crushing is the process of transferring a force
amplified by mechanical advantage through a
material made of molecules that bond together
more strongly, and resist deformation more, than
those in the material being crushed do. Crushing
devices hold material between two parallel
or tangent solid surfaces, and apply sufficient
force to bring the surfaces together to generate
enough energy within the material being crushed
so that its molecules separate from (fracturing),
or change alignment in relation to (deformation),
each other. The earliest crushers were hand-held
stones, where the weight of the stone provided a
boost to muscle power, used against a stone
anvil. Querns and mortars are types of these
crushing devices.
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III.
DESIGN OF SHAFT
IV.
CLASSIFICATION OF
SHAFTS
Shafts involved in power transmission may be
classified as
1) Transmission shafts are used to transmit
power between source and the machines using
the power. They include line shafts, jackshafts
and counter shafts.
i) Line shaft is a long continuous
shaft, which receives power from
the source and distribute to
different machines.
ii) Jackshaft is directly connected to
the source of power and from
which other shafts are driven.
iii) Counter shafts receive power from
line shaft and transmit to a
machine.
2) Machine Shafts are incorporated within the
machine, such as crank shaft
Where,
T=Twisting moment acting on the shaft,
J=Polar moment of inertia of the shaft
about the axis of rotation,
F s =Torsional shear stress, and
r=Distance from neutral axis to the outer
most fiber
=d/2 where
We know for round solid shaft, polar moment of
inertia,
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d3 f s = 16 (M2+T2)
f s = (32M/ d3)2+4(16T/ d3)
Where,
M=Bending moment, N-mm
I=Moment of inertia of cross-sectional
area of the shaft about the
Axis of rotation, mm4
F b =Bending stress, N/mm2 and
Y=Distance from neutral axis to the
outer-most fiber, mm
We know that, Moment of Inertia, for a round
solid shaft
and
I = d4 /64
y = d/2
Substituting these values in the above equation
Bending Moment
M= (d3 /32) fb
Shafts subjected to combined twisting and
bending moment:
When the shaft is subjected to combined
twisting and bending moment then the shaft must
be designed on the basis of the two moments
simultaneously. The maximum induced stress
can be obtained by considering the following
theories.
1) Maximum shear stress theory or Guests
theory. It is used for ductile materials
such as mild steel.
2) Maximum normal stress theory or
Rankins theory. It is used for brittle
materials such as cast iron.
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We know
Given Data:
=
2000/384x2.1x10^6x1198.4
/16 650 d
=[(2x54000)+(2x9549) ]
d=9.5cm (or) 95mm
Deflection of Shaft:
= 0.009246cm
Twisting Moment:
Allowable deflection = L/1500
Power p=2NT/4500
= 0.11cm
= 0.11/0.009246
T= (/16) f s d
= 11
V.
DESIGN OF BEARINGS
VI.
SPHERICAL ROLLER
BEARING
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VII.
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2D Beam Analysis:
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REFERENCES
IX.
CONCLUSIONS
1.
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