Iec1000 4 1

1000-4-1 @ IEC 1992
- 1-
Tiuchun
IEC
quc
1000-4-1
t
Xut bn ln
th nht
121992
Tnh tng hp in
t (EMC)
Phn Iv
Cc k thut th nghim v o lng
Phn on 1- Tng quan v
nhng th nghim min tr.
Ti liu xut bn c bn v tng
hp in t
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Ni dung
1. Phm vi p dng v mc tiu..............................................................8

2. Cc ti liu tiu chun tham kho......................................................8
3. Tng qut........................................................................................10
4. Cc nh ngha..............................................................................12
5. Lit k cc th nghim min cm....................................................15
6. Cc iu kin mi trng..................................................................16
7. Hng dn i vi la chn cc th nghim min cm......................17
8- La chn cc mc khc nghit........................................................18
9- nh gi cc kt qu th nghim.....................................................19
Cc ph lc
A. M t ngn gn cc th nghim min cm....................................21
A.1 Cc th nghim min cm : Cc nhiu lon tn s thp...............25
A.1.1 Cc sng hi (th nghim tm thi )...........................................25
A.1.2 Cc sng giao hi ( th nghim tm thi )...................................28
A.1.3 Cc in p tn hiu (th nghim tm thi)..............................29
A.1.4. Cc dao ng in p...............................................................31
A.1.5 Cc lm in p v cc cp in ngn hn (ang xem xt)...33
A.1.6 Khng cn bng in p ba pha (th nghim tm thi)............35
A.1.7 Cc bin i tn s cng nghip (th nghim tm thi)..........35
A.1.8 Thnh phn mt chiu trong li in xoay chiu(ang xem
xt ).....................................................................................................36
A.2 Cc th nghim min cm : Cc qu v cc nhiu lon c
truyn dn cao tn..............................................................................37
A.2.3 Cc lot xung qu nhanh :(n phm).....................................44
A.2.4 Cc sng hnh sin tt dn (ang xem xt)..............................48
A.2.5 Cc sng dao ng tt dn ( ang xem xt)..........................50
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A.2.6 Cc in p cm ng cao tn (th nghim tm thi).................52

A.2.8 Xung in p 10/700 s ( ang xem xt).................................54
A.3 Cc th nghim min cm : cc phng tnh in........................55
A.3.1 Cc phng tnh in..................................................................55
A.4 Cc th nghim min cm : cc nhiu lon t..............................58
A.4.1 Trng t tn s cng nghip......................................................58
A.4.2 T trng xung..............................................................................62
A.4.3 T trng dao ng tt dn :......................................................63
A.5 Cc th nghim min cm : Cc trng in t.............................64
A.5.1 Cc trng in t c pht x.....................................................64
A.6 Cc th nghim min cm khc....................................................66
A.6.1 in p tn s cng nghip trn cc ng dy tn hiu v
iu khin...........................................................................................66
A.6.2 in p mt chiu trn cc ng dy iu khin v tn hiu. 66
B. Cc c tnh i vi th nghim qu truyn dn -.................67
B.1 Tnh cht v cc c tnh ca nhng qu ...........................67
B.2 Thit b th nghim......................................................................67
B.3- Ph bin -mt ....................................................................69
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U Ban k thut in quc t

________
Tnh tng hp in t ( EMc)
Phn 4: Cc k thut th nghim v o lng
on 1: Tng quan v cc th nghim min tr
n phm c bn v tng hp in t ( EMC)
Li ni u
1. IEC(U ban k thut in quc t) l mt t chc quc t v tiu chun
ho bao gm tt c cc u ban k thut in quc gia ( cc u ban quc gia ca
IEC). Mc tiu ca IEC l khuyn khch hp tc quc t v tt c cc vn c lin
quan n tiu chun ho trong cc lnh vc in v in t. t c mc tiu
ny v thm vo cc hot ng khc, IEC xut bn cc Tiu chun Quc t. Vic son
tho cc tiu chun ny c giao ph cho cc u ban k thut; bt k u ban Quc
gia ca IEC no c quan tm n ch ang xem xt c th tham gia vo cng
vic d tho ny. IEC cng tc cht ch vi t chc Quc t v tiu chun ho (ISO)
theo cc iu kin c nh bi s tho thun gia hai t chc.
2. Nhng quyt nh c tho thun chnh thc ca IEC v cc vn k
thut, c son tho bi cc u ban k thut trong c i din ca cc u ban
quc gia c quan tm n vn , biu th s nht tr quc t cao v ch
c xem xt.
3. Nhng quyt nh v tho thun c dng l cc khuyn ngh cho vic
s dng quc t v c cc u ban quc gia chp nhn theo ngha .
4. Nhm thc y s thng nht quc t, cc u ban quc gia ca IEC chp
nhn p dng mt cch trong sng ti mc c th cao nht trong tiu chun quc gia
v min. Bt k s sai khc no gia tiu chun IEC v tiu chun quc gia hoc
min tng ng phi c ch r trong tiu chun quc gia hoc min .
Tiu chun Quc t IEC 1000-4-1 c son tho bi tiu ban

77B: Cc hin tng cao tn ca ban k thut 77: s tng hp in t.
IEC 1000-4-1 lp thnh phn on 1 ca phn 4 ca IEC 1000.
N c cng v ca ti liu xut bn c bn v tnh tng hp in t
( EMC) ph hp vi hng dn IEC 107
Vn bn ca tiu chun ny c da vo nhng ti liu sau:
Quy tc 6
thng
Bo co b
phiu
Th tc hai
thng
Bo co b
phiu
77B(Co)04
77B(Co)06
77B(Co)10
77B(Co)11
Cc thng tin y v b phiu tn thnh tiu chun ny c

th thy trong nhng bo co b phi c ch ra trong bng trn.
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Cc ph lc A v B ch c tnh thng tin.
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Li m u
IEC 1000-4 l mt phn ca mt b IEC 1000, theo cu trc

sau:
Phn 1: Tng qut

Nhng xem xt tng qut ( Gii thiu, cc nguyn l c
bn)
Cc nh ngha, thut ng
Phn 2: Mi trng
M t mi trng
Phn loi mi trng
Cc mc tng hp
Phn 3: Cc gii hn
Cc gii hn pht x
Cc gii hn min cm(trong chng mc m cc gii hn
khng ri vo trch nhim ca u ban sn phm )
Phn 4: Cc k thut th nghim v o lng
Cc k thut o lng
Cc k thut th nghim
Phn 5 : Hng dn lp t v lm du
Hng dn lp t
Cc phng php v thit b lm du
Phn 9 : Hn hp
Mi phn n lt n li c chia ra thnh cc phn on c
th c xut bn nh cc tiu chun quc t hoc cc bo co k
thut.
Nhng phn ny ca IEC 1000-4 c xut bn theo trt t
thi gian v c nh s ph hp.
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Phn on ny l mt tiu chun quc t cho mt tng

quan v cc th nghim min cm tnh tng hp in t.
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Tnh tng hp in t ( EMC)

Phn 4 : Cc k thut th nghim v o lng
on 1: Tng quan v cc th nghim min cm
n phm c bn v tnh tng hp in t (EMC)
1. Phm vi p dng v mc tiu

Phn on ny ca IEC 1000-4 l mt ti liu xut bn c bn
v EMC (tnh tng hp in t). N xem xt cc th nghim min
cm i vi thit b (dng c v h thng) in v/hoc in t
trong mi trng in t ca n. C hai hin tng c truyn dn v
c bt x u c xem xt, iu ny bao gm cc th nghim min
cm i vi thit b c ni vi cc li in lc, iu khin v thng
tin.
Mc tiu ca phn on ny l:
- Cho s tham kho tng qut v ton din cho cc u ban k
thut ca IEC hoc cc c quan khc, cc h s dng v cc nh ch
to thit b in v in t v cc th nghim v c im k
thut min cm tng hp in t.
- Cho mt hng dn chung v la chn v p dng nhng th
nghim ny.
2. Cc ti liu tiu chun tham kho
Nhng ti liu tiu chun sau cha ng cc iu khon m qua
tham kho trong vn bn ny, lp thnh cc iu khon ca phn
on ny ca IEC 1000-4 . Ti thi gian xut bn, nhng n phm
c ch ra vn c hiu lc.Tt c cc ti liu tiu chun u phi
xem xt li, v cc thnh vin tham gia n cc tho thun c da
trn phn on ny ca IEC 1000-4 c khuyn khch tm ti kh
nng p dng nhng n phm mi nht ca cc ti liu tiu chun c
ch di . Cc thnh vin ca IEC v ISO gi bn ghi cc tiu chun
quc t c gi tr hin hnh.
IEC 34-1 : 1983 Cc my in quay - Phn 4 : Cc c tnh
nh mc v cc c tnh lm vic
IEC 50(161) : 1990, T ng k thut in quc t (IEV)- Chng
161:Tnh tng hp in t
IEC 255-22-1 : 1988, Cc Rle in - Phn 22 : Th nghim
nhiu lon i vi rle o lng v thit b bo v- Phn mt : Th
nghim sng dao ng tt dn 1 MHz
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IEC 521: 1988 , Cng t in xoay chiu hu cng cp chnh

xc (loi) 0,5,1 v 2
IEC 790: 1984, Cc dao ng k v vn k nh i vi th
nghim xung
IEC 801-2 : 1991 : Tnh tng hp in t i vi thit b o lng
v iu khin qu trnh cng nghip - Phn 2: Cc yu cu phng
in tnh in.
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IEC 801-3: 1984 , Tnh tng hp in t i vi thit b o lng

v iu khin qu trnh cng nghip- Phn 3: Cc yu cu ca trng
in t c pht x
IEC 801-4: 1988 : Tnh tng hp in t i vi thit b iu
khin v o lng qu trnh cng nghip - Phn 4: Cc yu cu v
mt lot xung in qu nhanh
IEC 801-5, - Tnh tng hp in t i vi thit b o lng v
iu khin qu trnh cng nghip- Phn 5 : Cc yu cu min cm
in p xung (ang xem xt)
IEC 801-6, Tnh tng hp in t i vi thit b o lng v
iu khin qu trnh cng nghip- Phn 6, Tnh min cm vi cc
nhiu lon tn s cng nghip c truyn dn trn 9 KHz (ang xem
xt)
IEC 816 ; 184 : Hng dn v cc phng php o lng cc qu
ngn hn trn cc ng dy in lc p thp v cc ng dy tn
hiu.
IEC 1000-1 : 1992, Tnh tng hp in t (EMC)- Phn 1 Tng
qut
IEC 1000-2-1: 1990 Tnh tng hp in t (EMC)- Phn 2: Mi trng
Phn on 1 : M t mi trng - Mi trng in t i vi nhiu
lon c truyn dn tn s thp v truyn tn hiu trn li cung cp
in cng cng
IEC 1000-2-2:1990 , Tnh tng hp in t (EMC)- Phn 2: Mi trng
Phn on 2: Cc mc tng hp i vi cc nhiu c truyn dn
tn s thp v truyn tn hiu trn li cung cp in cng cng in
p thp .
IEC 1000-2-3 :1992 ,Tnh tng hp in t (EMC ) - Phn 2 :Mi
trng
Phn on 3 : M t mi trng- cc hin tng bc x v truyn
dn cc tn s khc tn s li in.
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IEC 1000-4-X : Tnh tng hp in t (EMC)- Phn 4 : Cc k

thut th nghim v o lng (ang xem xt)
IEC 1000-4-7 : 1991 , Tnh tng hp in t (EMC)- Phn 4: Cc
k thut th nghim v o lng - Phn on 7: hng dn chung v
o lng v trang b o lng cc sng hi v cc sng giao hi i vi
li cung cp in v cc thit b ni vi li.
IEC 1000-4-8 : Tnh tng hp in t (EMC)- Phn 4: Cc k thut
th nghim v o lng - Phn on 8 : Th nghim min cm trng
t tn s cng nghip (ang xem xt)
IEC 1000-4-9 : Tnh tng hp in t (EMC)- Phn 4 : Cc k
thut th nghim v o lng- Phn on 9 : th nghim min cm
trng t xung (ang xem xt)
IEC 1000-4-10 : Tnh tng hp in t(EMC) - Phn 4: Cc k
thut th nghim v o lng - Phn on 10 : th nghim min cm
trng dao ng tt dn
IEC XXX : Cc my thu iu khin bng gn sng tnh lp
bng gi v iu khin ph ti (ang xem xt)
Khuyn ngh K20 ca CCITT : 1985 - in tr ca thit b ng
ct vin thng vi cc qu in p v qu dng in
Khuyn ngh K21 ca CCITT : 1990 - in tr ca u ni thu
bao vi cc qu in p v qu dng in
3. Tng qut
3.1 Trong qu kh , cc thit b v h thng in c thng
khng nhy cm vi cc nhiu lon in t (ngha l cc nhiu lon
in c truyn dn , cc nhiu lon tnh in v cc nhiu lon
in t c pht x). Vn nhy cm hu nh ni ln t hin tng tn s thp nh cc sng hi hoc cc ct in p. Cc phn
hp thnh v cc thit b in t hin ang dng nhy cm nhiu
hn vi cc nhiu lon ny, c bit l vi hin tng cao tn v qu
. S m rng ng k trong s dng cc phn hp thnh v cc
thit b in t lm tng nguy him v tm quan trng ca lm
vic xu, thit hi ..v.v C th xy ra do nhng nhiu lon in v
in t.
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Nhm trnh hoc gim nh hng ca vn ny , nhiu u ban

sn phm ca IEC v cc h s dng v cc nh sn xut thit b
in v in t phi thit lp cc mc min cm v nhng thit b
ca h phi chu v pht trin cc th nghim min cm tng ng.
Tuy nhin, nhng th nghim ny xut pht t cc ngun khc nhau c
th thng khc vi nhng c tnh v nhng tiu chun chp nhn
ca h.
Mc tiu ca tiu chun ny l phi hp v tiu chun ho nhng
th nghim min cm lin quan n cc nhiu lon in t . Tiu
chun ny cp cho :
- Nhn tng quan ca nhng th nghim hin c, hoc ca
nhng th nghim cn thit trong tng lai gn
- Hng dn v khuyn ngh chung lin quan n vic la chn
mt th nghim thch hp v p dng th nghim nh th no, xem
xt kiu thit b trong th nghim v mi trng d kin th nghim (
cng trng, mc nhiu lon, mc min cm yu cu, v.v..)
- Mt m t ngn ca nhng th nghim : Vic p dng cc th
nghim, phng php th nghim , thit b th nghim v cc mc
khc nghit ca cc th nghim.
3.2. Nhng nhn xt sau nn c c bit lu :

-Mc ch ca tiu chun ny khng phi thay th cc th
nghim hin c nhng thc hin s phi hp v tiu chun ho
cn thit trong lnh vc ca cc th nghim min cm . Tuy nhin,
cc th nghim mi c ngh khi thy cn thit ( nh trong tiu
chun ny nhng th nghim c m t ch trong mt cch tng
qut ho chung , nhng th nghim mi ny phi c quy nh mt
cch chi tit trong cc tiu chun tip theo )
- Tiu chun ny khng nhm xc nh nhng th nghim trc khi c p dng cho cc thit b hoc h thng c bit . Mc
ch chnh ca n l cho mt tham kho c bn cho tt c cc u
ban sn phm lin quan ca IEC . Nhng u ban sn phm ( hoc cc
h s dng v cc nh ch to thit b) vn phi chu trch nhim
vi vic la chn thch hp ca cc th nghim v mc khc
nghit c p dng cho cc th nghim ca h;
- Nhm khng ngn cn nhim v ca phi hp v tiu chun ho,
cc u ban sn phm hoc cc h s dng v cc nh ch to c
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khuyn ngh mnh m xem xt ( trong cng vic tng lai ca h hoc
xem xt li cc tiu chun c ) chp nhn nhng th nghim min
cm thch hp c quy nh trong tiu chun ny
Ghi ch : - Tiu chun ny ch x l nhng th nghim c lin quan n min
cm in t. i vi nhiu thng tin v ngun gc ca nhng nhiu lon , cc mc tng hp v.v.. xem cc bo co khc ca TC 77 hoc cc bo co ca cc u ban k
thut khc. Xem IEC 1000-1, IEC 1000-2-1,IEC 1000-2-2 v IEC 1000-2-3.
3.3 Tiu chun ny p dng cho :

- Cc thit b in hoc in t c lp t trong mi trng
hoc c ni vi :
Cc li h p cung cp in cng cng , nh v thng

mi
Cc li h p cung cp in cng nghip.
Cc li iu khin h p ca cc cng trnh cng cng v

nh my cng nghip (bao gm cc phng iu khin );
Cc li h p cp in v iu khin trong cc nh my
in ( bao gm cc phng iu khin )
Cc ng dy thng tin t xa
Ghi ch : Tiu chun ny p dng cho cc thit b c ngun c lp
nh :
- Cc nhiu lon c truyn dn v c bc x xut hin di dng
Cc nhiu lon in
Cc nhiu lon t
Cc nhiu lon in tnh
Cc nhiu lon in t . V nh :
Cc nhiu lon tn s thp (t dng mt chiu ti 10 KHz20KHz)
Cc nhiu lon cao tn (ln ti nhiu trm mega hertz- c
pht x ti di giga -hertz);
Qu (khong thi gian t vi mili-giy ti vi nan-giy)
do v d:
Cc ph ti gy nhiu lon (v d ph ti khng tuyn
tnh, ph ti dao ng v.v..)
Cc hin tng kh quyn(st chng hn)
in tch ,
Cc my pht v tuyn
Phn on ny c dng bao trm cc th nghim c p

dng cho mt di rng cc thit b v h thng. Tuy nhin, mt s
thit b v cc h thng c th i hi cc th nghim b sung
v/hoc khc (v d cc thit b y t, qun s,hng hi...)
3.4 . Vi th nghim min cm c th c thc hin bng cch
dng cc dng sng tng t vi dng sng c dng trong nhng th
nghim cch in (tuy nhin cc mc khc nghit ni chung thp).
Ch ti s khc nhau c bn gia hai kiu th nghim ny:
- Cc th nghim c mc ch bo v con ngi , sc vt hoc
thit b chng vi nhng nguy him hoc h hng c th b gy ra
bi in p cao v lin quan n ph hng cch in. Nhng th
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nghim ny lun lun c thc hin vi thit b khng c ni vi

ngun cp;
- Cc th nghim min cm c mc ch kim tra vn hnh ca
thit b di nh hng ca cc nhiu lon in t. Trong nhng th
nghim ny thit b lun lun c cp ngun v vn hnh bnh thng.
4. Cc nh ngha
i vi nhng mc tiu ca phn on ny ca 1000-4, nhng
nh ngha sau c p dng (vi ghi ch bnh lun v nhng p
dng thc tin ca p dng ny ;cc hnh 1 v 2 lm sng t vi
nh ngha v bnh lun ny)
Ghi ch : i vi thut ng y v tnh tng hp in t , xem IEC
50(161). Trong trng hp c p dng , nhng tham kho T ng K thut in Quc
t (IEV) c ch ra.
Nhiu lon in t: Bt k mt hin tng in t no c th

lm suy thoi tnh nng lm vic ca mt thit b, trang b hoc h
thng [IEV 161 -01-05, c thay i]
Bi in t: S suy thoi tnh nng ca mt thit b , knh
hoc h thng truyn b gy ra bi mt nhiu lon in t [IEV 161
-01-06, c thay i]
Ghi ch: - Nhiu lon v nhiu ln lt l nguyn nhn v hu qu tnh tng hp
in t :EMC(vit tt) : kh nng ca mt thit b hoc h thng lm vic mt
cch tho mn trong mi trng in t ca n v khng to ra nhng nhiu lon
in t khng chu ng c cho bt c vt g trong mi trng . [IEV 161 -01-07]
Mc tng hp in t: Mc nhiu lon in t cc i c quy

nh hy vng c p t ln mt thit b , trang b hoc h thng
c vn hnh trong cc iu kin c bit [IEV 161 -03-10]
Ghi ch: - Trong thc t, mc tng hp in t khng phi l mc cc i
tuyt i, nhng c th b vt qu bng mt xc xut nh.
min cm (vi mt nhiu): Kh nng ca mt thit b , trang

b hoc h thng lm vic khng suy thoi khi c mt nhiu lon
in t [IEV 161 -01-20]
Mc min cm: Mc cc i ca mt nhiu lon in t cho

tc ng ln mt thit b, trang b hoc h thng m vn c kh
nng vn hnh vi cht lng mong mun vi mc nhiu lon . [IEV
161 -03-14]
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nhy cm (in t): S khng c kh nng ca mt thit b ,

trang b hoc h thng lm vic khng suy thoi c mt nhiu
lon in t.
Ghi ch : - nhy cm l mt s thiu min cm, [IEV 161 -01-21]
EUT : vit tt ca thit b chu th nghim (Equipment

Under Test)
Mc khc nghit : Gi tr ca mt i lng in t nh hng c quy nh cho mt th nghim min cm.
Ghi ch - Mt tiu chun th nghim c th quy nh nhiu mc khc
nghit theo cc mc min cm khc nhau.
Qu : Ni v hoc nh danh v mt hin tng hoc mt

i lng bin thin gia hai trng thi xc lp trong mt khong thi
gian ngn so vi thang o thi gian quan tm
Ghi ch- Mt qu c th l mt xung theo mt hng ca hoc cc tnh
hoc mt sng dao ng tt dn vi nh u tin sinh ra trn bt c cc tnh
no.
Xung in p: Mt sng in p qu lan truyn dc mt ng dy hoc mt mch v c c trung bi mt s tng nhanh c tip theo bi mt suy gim chm hn ca in p . [IEV 161 -0811]
Ghi ch : Nhng tham s thi gian ca mt xung in p c xc nh nh
sau:
- Thi gian ca on i ln gia 10% v 90% ca gi tr nh

(10%/90% thi gian i ln ) theo IEV 161 -02-05;
- Khong thi gian 50% ca gi tr nh gia tng ln v gim
i ca sng (khong thi gian 50%/50%)
Cc ng dy cp in : Cc ng dy xut pht t ngun
cp in (in p xoay chiu hoc mt chiu)
Cc ng dy iu khin : Trong phmn vi tiu chun ny , tt
c cc ng dy i vi cc mc tiu ,iu khin tn hiu v o lng.
in p kiu chung, in p khng i xng: L trung bnh
ca cc in p pha-de xut hin gia mi dy dn v mt in p
tham chiu qui nh, thng l t hoc khung my [IEV 161 -04-08]
in p kiu so lch, in p i xng: in p gia hai dy
dn bt k trong tp hp cc dy dn mang in qui nh [IEV 161
-04-08]
Quan h l thuyt gia mc nhiu lon,mc tng hp, mc min
cm,mc nhy cm c lm sng t bi hnh 1.
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Tuy nhin nn ch ti mt s tht l, mc nhiu lon theo phn

b thng k. Trong thc tin rt kh, thng khng th xc nh mc
cao nht thc ca nhiu lon. Cng nh thng l khng kinh t xc
nh mc tng hp i vi gi tr cao nht ny m hu ht cc thit
b khng phi phn ln thi gian chu ng gi tr cao nht ny.
V nhng l do ny, hnh nh thch hp vi mt s u ban k
thut xc nh mc tng hp khng nh gi tr cao nht ca
mt nhiu lon nhng nh l mc ca nhiu lon ch b vt qu bi mt
s nh hoc rt nh i tng. Cc mc tiu biu c th v d l 95%,
98%, 99% ca phn b thng k. Vic quy nh gi tr ny thng c
n nh bi TC 77 hoc trong cc trng hp c bit bi u ban sn
phm lin quan hoc bi s tho thun gia cc bn c lin quan.
C th thy rng mc nhy cm cng c th biu th mt phn
b thng k. Mt gii hn cc tiu ca nhy cm trong thc t c
xc nh bi mt mc th nghim min cm tt/xu.
Quan h gia th nghim nhiu lon, tng hp, min cm, v cc
mc nhy cm, c xem xt n phn b thng k ca nhiu lon v
nhng mc nhy cm, c lm sng t bi hnh 2.
Susceptibility level of the equipment:
distribution:
Mc nhy cm ca thit b
k
Immunity (test) level :
value:
Mc (th nghim ) min cm
nghim quy nh
327669589.doc 08/24/16
Statistical
Phn b thng
Specified test
Gi tr th
16 / 99
1000-4-1 @ IEC 1992

Compatibility level :
Mc tng hp
Emission limit :
Gii hn pht
ca nhiu ngun (nhiu lon)
- 17 Conventional value: Gi tr quy c

Summation of several sources
Hnh 1- Quan h gia cc mc khc

h gia cc mc khc nhau trn
nhau ca mt nhiu lon in
mt
nhiu
Tng hp
Hnh 2- Quan
lon in t
t c xem xt n cc
c th thng k
T iu ny ta c th lu l mc tng hp khng nn c coi nh
mt mc nhiu lon xc nh, nhng th coi nh mt gi tr tham kho
quy c m s phi hp gia mc nhiu lon v mc min cm / th
nghim c th c da trn gi tr tham kho qui c .
5. Lit k cc th nghim min cm
Da trn sn tng qut c phc tho trong A.1.3 , nhng
th nghim ny c m t ngn gn, nhng th nghim sau c xem
l thch hp nhm bao trm ton b trng ca cc nhiu lon.
5.1 Cc nhiu lon tn s thp
Cc th nghim min cm c lin quan n cc nhiu lon c
truyn dn tn s thp trong cc mng li cung cp in h p :
1. Cc sng hi
2. Cc sng giao hi
3. H thng pht tn hiu ca li in (t 100 Hz ti 150
[450]KHz ).
4. Dao ng in p
5. Cc lm su ca in p v cc ct in ngn hn;
6. Khng cn bng in p ba pha ;
7. Cc bin ng tn s cng nghip;
8. Thnh phn mt chiu trong cc li xoay chiu
5.2 Cc qu c truyn dn v cc nhiu lon cao tn .

Cc th nghim min cm c lin quan n cc qu c
truyn dn v cc nhiu lon cao tn :
1.
Cc xung in p 100/1300 s ( s chy cu tr);
2.
Cc xung (in p) 1,2/50 s - ( dng) 8/20 s
3.
Cc lot xung in p qu nhanh (n 5/50 ns)
4.
Cc sng hnh sin tt dn
5.
6.
7.
Cc sng dao ng tt dn
( 0,1 v 1 MHz)
Cc in p cm ng cao tn
( 0,01 ti 1 MHz )
Cc nhiu lon tn s v tuyn in c truyn dn ;
327669589.doc 08/24/16
17 / 99
(0,5 s /100 KHz )
1000-4-1 @ IEC 1992
8.
- 18 -
Cc xung in p 10/700 s
5.3 Cc phng in tnh in

Cc th nghim min cm c lin quan n cc nhiu lon tnh
in :
1. Cc phng in tnh in ( ESD )
5.4 . Cc nhiu lon t

Cc th nghim min cm c lin quan n cc nhiu lon t :
1.
2.
3.
T trng tn s cng nghip;

T trng xung ;
T trng dao ng tt dn
5.5 Cc nhiu lon in t

Cc th nghim min cm c lin quan n cc nhiu lon in
t :
1. Trng in t c pht x
5.6 Cc th nghim min cm khc
1. in p tn s cng nghip trn cc ng dy iu khin
v tn hiu
2. in p mt chiu trn cc ng dy iu khin v tn
hiu
6. Cc iu kin mi trng
La chn cc th nghim v cc mc khc nghit thch ng
i vi mt sn phm c bit thng ph thuc vo cc iu kin
mi trng . Trong ng cnh ca mc ny iu kin mi trng bao
gm mi trng in t v nhng iu kin lp t . V s khc
nhau ca nhng nh hng ny , cn phi xc nh cc iu kin mi
trung c bit i vi mi nhm ca cc nhiu lon.
Cc nhiu lon tn s thp trong mng li cung cp in h p
Ba loi hnh mi trng c xem xt :
- cc li phn phi in cng cng h p vi mt mc nhiu lon tng i thp
- cc li phn phi in cng nghip h p vi mt mc nhiu lon
tng i cao
327669589.doc 08/24/16
18 / 99
1000-4-1 @ IEC 1992
- 19 -
- cc li in h p trong cc nh my in
Cc qu v cc nhiu lon cao tn
Mc cc nhiu lon ca loi hnh ny ph thuc :
- vo cc ngun ca cc nhiu lon in t
- vo nhng iu kin lp t nh v bc st, ni t, bo v
qu in p ,v.v...
-cc phng in tnh in
Nhng iu kin mi trng ph thuc ch yu vo nhng iu
kin lp t (c bit l kiu sn nh ) v vo cc iu kin kh
hu ( m khng kh) . Bn loi mi trng c xc nh , c
ch ra trong m t ngn ca th nghim phng in tnh in
trong A.3.1 ca ph lc A.
327669589.doc 08/24/16
19 / 99
1000-4-1 @ IEC 1992
- 20 -
Cc nhiu lon in t. .
T trng gy nh hng ph thuc vo dng in chy qua
nhng dy dn gn thit b v khong cch gia cc dy dn v
s c mt ca cc vt liu t k cn.
C th phn bit c gia thit b c dng cho cc li phn
phi in h p v thit b c dng cho cc nh my in.
Mt c im k thut ca cc loi khc nhau ang c xem
xt.
Cc nhiu lon trng in t c pht x
Trng in t gy nh hng ph thuc vo cng sut ca b
pht v khong cch ca chng vi thit b . Nhng nhiu do cc b
pht - b thu sch tay c xem nh ang c mi quan tm c bit.
Bn loi c xc nh, c ch ra trong m t ngn ca th
nghim trng in t c pht x, trong A.5.1 ca ph lc A.
7. Hng dn i vi la chn cc th nghim min cm.

Cc th nghim min cm c th c p dng cho mt thit b :
- i vi cc th nghim thit k trong khi trin khai;
- i vi th nghim mu (tiu biu);
- i vi th nghim chp nhn;
Mt thit b phi chu tt c nhng th nghim cn thit
bo m tin cy i hi , nhng i vi cc l do r rng , s cc
th nghim phi c hn ch v mt ti thiu hp l. C th chp
nhn l s cc th nghim i vi th nghim chp nhn ca mt l
sn xut ang tin hnh c th gim nh so vi cc th nghim mu.
La chn th nghim min cm p dng cho mt thit b
c bit ph thuc vo mt s yu t , ch yu :
- loi nhiu lon nh hng ti thit b;
- cc iu kin mi trng;
- tin cy v cc hot ng theo yu cu;
- nhng rng buc kinh t ;
V tnh n s a dng ca thit b v cc iu kin mi trng , kh m ch ra cc quy tc chnh xc lin quan n la chn
cc th nghim min cm .
327669589.doc 08/24/16
20 / 99
1000-4-1 @ IEC 1992
- 21 -
Vic la chn ny ch yu l trch nhim ca u ban sn phm

c lin quan hoc nn c n nh bi tho thun gia nh ch to
v h s dng . Bng 1 c th dng lm mt hng dn .
Trong bng ny ba loi hnh mi trng lin quan ti a im

lp t khc nhau :
a. Thit b i vi lp t trong li phn phi h p :
- hoc i vi cc p dng t nhn (cc p dng dn dng v thng mi) c th c mc thp nht ca cc yu cu;
- hoc i vi cc p dng ca dch v cng cng v chc nng
c bit ca cng vic dch v v cc khong thi gian di ca
vn hnh khng kim tra c th c yu cu hon thnh cao
hn loi hnh trn
b. Thit b lp t trong li cung cp in cng nghip h
p v trong mng li iu khin cng nghip, cc nhiu lon
cao c th c.
c. Thit b lp t trong cc nh my in (v d cc trm
bin p cao p/trung p) , do s ng ct c bit v cc
hin tng s c, hu qu c bit v rt nghim trng sy ra.
Nhng a im lp t c bo v c bit tt i vi
thit b x l thng tin (v d cc phng my tnh, cc phng
iu khin v.v..) v thit b y t khng nm trong bng ny.
Chng nn c coi l v tr c bit, c c trng bi iu
kin lp t chng, hoc bi mt la chn c bit cc th
nghim v cc mc khc nghit .
8- La chn cc mc khc nghit

i vi phn ln cc th nghim, nhiu mc khc nghit ca th
nghim c ngh.V tnh a dng ln ca thit b, nhng yu
cu khc nhau i vi nhng thit b khc nhau ny v tnh trng
nhiu v ca cc iu kin mi trung, khng th thit lp tiu chun
chnh xc i vi la chn mc th nghim trong mi trung hp c
bit. Tuy nhin nhng yu t quan trng nht sau c th dng lm cc
hng dn
-Mc tin cy c yu cu bi h dng trong cc iu kin mi
trung qui nh;
-Nhng iu kin mi trung ch ra nhng mc nhiu lon;
327669589.doc 08/24/16
21 / 99
1000-4-1 @ IEC 1992
- 22 -
-Nhng rng buc v kinh t : la chon cc gi tr th nghim

cc oan c th lm sn phm khng kinh t;
-S tht l nhng yu t ny c th c coi l c lp vi nhau.
Chng ng mt vai tr cng nhau v c th ngay c chng i nhau.
V d cc yu cu tin cy rt cao chng i vi cc rng buc v
kinh t.
La chn cc mc th nghim thch hp l nhim v ca u ban
sn phm lin quan hoc theo s tho thun gia cc nh ch to v
cc h s dng; trong mi trng hp phi xem xt ti u v k thutkinh t.
Cc bng trong ph lc A cho mt tng quan v nhng mc
khc nghit khuyn ngh i vi cc th nghim khc nhau.
9- nh gi cc kt qu th nghim
Tnh a dng v nhiu v ca thit b v h thng c th
nghim lm kh khn nhim v thit lp nhng kt qu ca th
nghim ny trn thit b v cc h thng.
Vic nh gi cc kt qu ca th nghim s c phn loi trn
c s nhng iu kin vn hnh v c im k thut lm vic
ca thit b trong th nghim, nh c ch ra di, nu khng c qui
nh no khc c cho bi cc u ban sn phm hoc cc c
im k thut sn phm.
1.Hot ng bnh thng trong nhng gii hn ca c im k
thut;
2.Suy thoi tm thi hoc mt chc nng hoc hot ng c th
t hi phc;
3. Suy thoi tm thi hoc mt chc nng hoc hot ng i
hi s can thip ca nhn vin vn hnh hoc chnh nh li
h thng;
4. Suy thoi hoc mt chc nng khng th hi phc do h hng
thit b (cc phn cu thnh) hoc phn mm hoc mt s
liu.
Trong trng hp cc th nghim chp nhn, chng trnh th
nghim v gii thch nhng kt qu phi c m t trong tiu chun
sn phm c bit.
327669589.doc 08/24/16
22 / 99
1000-4-1 @ IEC 1992
- 23 -
Theo qui tc chung,kt qu th nghim l chc chn nu nh

thit b t ra tnh min cm ca n , trong mi thi gian t ca trng th nghim v khi kt thc nhng th nghim EUT hon thnh
nhng yu cu chc nng c thit lp trong c im k thut.
c im k thut c th xc nh nhng kt qu trn EUT c
th c xem v ngha v do c th chp nhn c.
i vi iu kin ny, nn kim tra xem thit b c th hi phc
kh nng vn hnh ca thit b bi chnh n cui thi k th
nghim . Do khong thi gian trong thit b mt kh nng vn
hnhy s phi c ghi li. Nhng kim tra ny l bt buc
nh gi dt khot nhng kt qu th nghim .
Bo co th nghim phi bao gm nhng iu kin v nhng
kt qu th nghim.
Bng I- Hng dn la chn cc th nghim min cm
Cc th nghim
A.1.1 Cc sng hi
A.1.2 Lin hi
A.1.3 Cc in p tn hiu
A.1.4 Cc dao ng in p
A.1.5 Cc im lm v ct
in ngn hn
A.1.6 Khng cn bng
327669589.doc 08/24/16
Cc li cng cng
gm dn dng,
c quan v cc
p dng tng t
Cung
iu
cp
khin
in
v v
tn
hiu
***
**
**
**
***
*
V tr thit b
Cc thit b
cng nghip
v cc nh
my in
Cung
iu
cp
khin
in
v v
tn
hiu
***
**
**
**
***
*
23 / 99
Cc trm
trung v cao
p
Cun
g
cp
i
n
***
**
**
**
***
*
iu
khin
v v
tn
hiu
1000-4-1 @ IEC 1992

A.1.7 Cc bin ng tn s
cng nghip
A.1.8 Dng mt chiu trong li
xoay chiu
A.2.1 sng xung 100/1300s
A.2.2
sng
xung
1.2/5080/20s
A.2.3 Mt lot xung qu
nhanh
A.2.4 Sng hnh sin tt dn
A.2.5 Sng dao ng tt dn
A.2.6 in p cm ng cao tn
A.2.7 Nhiu lon tn s v
tuyn in c truyn dn
A.2.8 Sng xung 10/700 s (ng dy c in p xung)
A.3.1 Cc phng in tnh
in
A.4.1 T trng tn s cng
nghip
A.4.2 T trng xung
A.4.3 T trng giao ng tt
dn
A.5.1 Trng in t pht x
A.6.1 in p tn s cng
nghip trnng dy tn
hiu,iu khin
A.6.2 in p 1 chiu trn cc
dy iu khin v tn hiu
- 24 *
*
ang
xem
xt
**
***
ang
xem
xt
**
***
** 1)
an
g
**
***
xem
xt
** 1)
***
***
***
***
***
***
**
**
**
** 2)
**
** 2)
*** 3)
*
ang
*
xem
xt
**
***3
)
*
an
g
***
**
***
***
***
***
**
**
**
**
***
***
***
**
*
*
xem
xt
***
**
Lu :
a)Cc kiu thit b :- Li in cng cng: thit b h p i vi ngi phn phi nh
cc ng c in
- Gia dng v c quan: thit b h p i vi s dng t k nh iu chnh t nng,
cc my git,v.vv
- Cc thit b cng nghip v cc nh my in, thit b h p i vi li in b
nhiu lon mnh
- Cc trm trung p v h p; thit b h p trong vng ln cn thit b cao p
b) Vit tt v ghi ch :
*** : c khuyn ngh
**
: C th
*
: Trong cc trng hp c bit
trng : Khng p dng
1. c p dng ch yu i vi thit b phi by ra st (ngoi tri)
2. c p dng ch yu i vi thit b phi by ra st (trong nh)
3. c khuyn ngh i vi trm bin p cao p;i vi trm bin p trung p
c th khng cn
thit.
c) La chn: - Th nghim thch hp
- Mc khc nghit
327669589.doc 08/24/16
24 / 99
1000-4-1 @ IEC 1992
- 25 -
Ph lc A
( C tnh thng tin )
M t ngn gn cc th nghim min cm
Nhng m t th nghim sau l nhng tm tt ngn gn ca
cc tiu chun IEC hoc ngh i vi cc th nghim tiu chun
IEC cn cha c xc nh chnh thc trong thi gian son tho phn
ny ca IEC 1000-4. Nhng m t ngn gn ny c dng lm hng
dn chung v ch nhng tiu chun hin c hoc cc tiu chun d
tho l nhng ti liu bt buc .
Cc ti liu tham kho c ch ra i vi mi th nghim nhng
ch nhng ti liu c xut bn hoc ang xem xt bi cc c quan
chnh thc l c k ra . Nhng ti liu ny nn c thm vn i vi
thng tin chi tit hn (lp t , th nghim v.v...)
Nhng m t ca cc th nghim lin quan n cc nhiu lon
tn s thp ch lin quan vi cc h thng 50/60Hz. i vi cc th
nghim c lin quan vi h thng vi cc tn s khc - V d mng li
in ng st 162/3Hz - Nhng th nghim phi c thch nghi ph
hp .
Mt bn tm tt ca cc th nghim khc nhau v cc mc khc
nghit c th c cho trong cc bng A.1a ti A.1f
327669589.doc 08/24/16
25 / 99
1000-4-1 @ IEC 1992
327669589.doc 08/24/16
- 26 -
26 / 99
1000-4-1 @ IEC 1992
- 27 s cng nghip
Bng A.1-Hng dn la chn cc mc khc nghit

Bng A.1a- Cc nhiu lon gn vi tn s li in
Th nghim
Mc
A.1.
1
A.1.
2
A.1.
3
A.1.
4
Cc sng hi
-Cc mc tng hpx
Cc sng giao hi
h s min cm
Cc in ptn
hiu
Cc dao ng
( ngha l 1,2..2,0)
in p
A.1.
5
A.1.
6
Cc lm in p
v cc ct in
ngn hn
S khng cn
bng in p
A.1.
7
Cc gi tr th
nghim
Cc bin ng
tn
327669589.doc 08/24/16
Cc bc in p
ca
U=8%i vi li
cng cng
U=12%i vi li
cng nghip
-Cc lm in p
ca
U1=30%Un
U2=60%Un
-Cc ct in
ngn
hn
* U = 100%
-H s khng cn
bng i =2%
i=in p th t
nghch/ in p
th
t thun
Bnh thng: + 2%..
27 / 99
p dng
Cun
Tn
g
hiu
cp iu
khi
n,
x
A.1.
8
Mt chiu trong
li in xoay
chiu
-2%
Trong cc trng hp
c bit:
+ 4% ... -6%
( ang xem xt)
Bng A.1b- Cc qu v nhiu lon cao tn c truyn

dn
p dng
iu
C
Th nghim Mc
Cc gi tr th
khin, tn
p
nghim
hiu
A.2.
1
A.2.
2
Xung in p
1.3xUn
230 V
100/1300
Xung in p
dng
1,2/50s
-8/20s
1
2
3
4
x
A.2.
3
Mt loi xung
400V
in p
mch
mch m
0,5KVc
425V i vi
i
n
x
735V i vi
Dng ngn
a) Cp in
1.0
CM: Z= 12
2.0
DM: Z= 2
4.0
b)Tn hiu
iu khin
CM: Z= 12
Theo tho thun
in p mch m
1000-4-1 @ IEC 1992

nhanh qu
* 5/50 ns
1
2
* 5/2,5 KHz
trong 15 ms
*chu k lot xung 300
ms
A.2.
4
- 28 -
4
x
Sng hnh sin

tt dn
in p mch m
1
2
3
4
x
A.2.
5
Sng dao
ng
tt dn
*0,1 MHz v/hoc

1MHz
*Tn s lp li
A.2.
6
A.2.
7
A.2.
1
2
3
40 hoc 400
Hz
in p cm
ng cao tn
24
x
1KHz..... 1MHz
Nhiu lon RF
0,5KVp
- Cp in
1.0
cc gi tr
y
2.0
-Cc tn hiu
iu khin
4.0
Cc gi tr mt
na
Theo tho thun
0,5KVp
- CM :
1.0
cc gi tr
y
2.0
DM :
4.0
Cc na
gi tr
Theo tho thun
in p mch m
- CM
:
0,5KVp
Cc gi tr
y
1.0
DM
2/2.5
Cc na
gi tr
Theo tho thun
c truyn
dn
Sng xung in
327669589.doc 08/24/16
Cc th nghim
A.3.1
28 / 99
Cc phng
in
tnh in
dy/vin
thng
Mc
Cc gi tr th nghim
Tip im
kh
2 kV
2
3
4
6
4
8
15
p
dng
Khng
2
Thit
b
v cc
h
thng
Bng A.1d- Cc nhiu lon t
A.4.1
Cc th nghim
Mc
T trng tn s
Lin tc
1 A/m
cng nghip
lin
tc hoc xung
Cc h
thng
A.4.2
in p mch m 1
KVp
Bng A.1c- Cc nhiu lon tnh in
Theo tho thun

( ang xem xt )
p10/700
s
ng
T trng xung
3
4
5
(x)
1
2
Cc gi tr th nghim
cc xung t 1-3s
...A/m
...
10
30
100
Theo tho thun
---
p
dng
Thit
b
v t
...
30
1000
Thit
b
v t
1000-4-1 @ IEC 1992
A.4.3
T trng dao
ng
tt dn
*0,1v 1MHz
*Tn s lp li
40 hoc 400Hz
- 29 3
4
5
(x)
1
100 A/m
300
1000
Theo tho thun
--
2
3
4
5
(x)
-10 A/m
30
100
Theo tho thun
nghim
A.6.1
Thit
b
v t
A.5.1
Mc
Cc gi tr th
nghim
1 V/m
Trng in t
c pht ra
26MHz ti 1000MHz
2
3
3
10
(x)
Theo tho thun
p
dng
Thit
b
v cc
h
thng
Bng A.1f- Cc th nghim khc

Cc th nghim
327669589.doc 08/24/16
Mc
Cc gi tr th
29 / 99
ang xem xt
ang xem xt
CM: Kiu chung (dy vi t)

DM: Kiu khc nhau (dy vi dy)
Bng A.1e- Cc nhiu lon in t

Cc th nghim
A.6.1
in p tn s cng
nghip trn cc
ng dy tn hiu
v iu khin
in p mt chiu
trn cc ng iu
khin v tn hiu
dng
1000-4-1 @ IEC 1992
- 30
A.1 Cc th nghim min cm : Cc nhiu lon tn s thp

A.1.1 Cc sng hi (th nghim tm thi )
A.1.1.1 Cc ti liu tham kho
Xem IEC 1000-2-1 , IEC 1000-2-2 v cc n phm tng lai trong
s ri IEC 1000
A.1.1.2 Mc tiu ca th nghim-Phm vi p dng
Mc tiu ca th nghim l nghin cu nhng tc ng ca cc
sng hi trong cc li cp in h p trn thit b c th nhy cm vi
cc tn s nh vy . Nhng tc ng ny c th c hai loi :
- Mt tc ng hu nh tc thi ngn hn c th i t mt lm
vic xu n mt s c ca mt cu thnh in t.
- Mt tc ng trong mt thi gian di nh mt pht nng qu mc
Nhng th nghim p dng cho mi loi hnh thit b c dng
cho cc li in phn phi cng cng h p , cc li in cng nghip
v cc trm cung cp in.
A.1.1.3 Cc c tnh ca in p th nghim
in p th nghim bao gm mt hoc mt t hp nhiu sng
hnh sin lin tc c xp chng ln in p cp in.
Ni chung ch xem xt nhng sng hi ln ti bc th 40 (2000
Hz 50 Hz, 2400 60Hz) l
A.1.1.4 Thit b th nghim /my pht th nghim
Ba lp t l c th ph thuc vo yu cu cng sut 50/60Hz :
a. i vi cc mc cng sut nh , c th s dng mt b khuych
i cp cng sut 50/60 Hz v nhng sng hi (xem hnh A.1)
b. i vi cc mc cng sut cao hn , c th dng mt mch a
vo ni ni tip trong li in cp cng sut 50/60 Hz v b
khuych i ch pht ra nhng sng hi - Xem hnh A.2 (s lp t
ny c th c nhn ba ln i vi nhng thit b ba pha )
c. i vi cc tn s cao, mt lp t dng mt a vo song song
v mt lc pha trc theo hnh A.3 l cng c th c
Nu quan h gc pha ca sng iu ho vi in p tn s cng
nghip gi mt vai tr , ngha l phi dng mt h thng cho php
thay i gc pha, hoc l mt bin i pha c th iu chnh c
hoc mt ngun cc sng hi vi mt tn s lch nh vi tn s hi v
to ra s bin i lin tc ca pha
Ghi ch : i vi cc th nghim thi gian di v/hoc cc mc cng sut cao
khi khng c my pht sng hi c cng sut, trong vi trng hp c th dng mt
in p tn s cng nghip tng ng vi mt gi tr ca :
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Un = [ U
- 31
2
n
+ h * U2h ]1/2
( y h l cc h s c xc nh bi u ban sn phm lin

quan )
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A.1.1.5 Cc mc khc nghit c khuyn ngh

Cc mc khc nghit ca th nghim c th c da trn nhng mc
tng hp ca cc in p sng hi c tng ln bng mt h s c
quy nh bi u ban sn phm lin quan . Bng A.1.1 ch ra mc tng hp c quy nh trong IEC 1000-2-2 . Thng thng h s min
cm s c chn trong di gia 1,2 v 2,0 . Khi th nghim vi nhiu
sng hi cng thi gian , h s min cm c th c gim i ngay
c di 1 , bi v xc sut cho tt c cc sng hi ny s xut hin
vi gi tr cao l rt thp. Nn cn thn khng c vt mt h s
mo tng cho php.
A.1.1.6 Cc lu trn th tc th nghim
Nhng sng hi c xem xt ph thuc vo nhng c tnh ca EUT
:
- nu EUT l mt thit b la chn tn s ( v d mt my thu iu
khin t xa tp trung ) th nghim ny c th c thc hin vi cc
sng hi gy nhiu lin quan
- nu EUT nhy cm vi ton b di cc sng hi (v d cc t in) ,
v l thuyt th nghim nn c thc hin vi tt c cc sng hi . Tuy
nhin iu ny khng thc dng v ton b di cc sng hi c th
c thay th bng mt hoc mt s hn ch cc sng hi sinh ra mt
tc ng gy nhiu tng ng .
- trong vi trng hp - nh i vi cc th nghim pht nng i vi my
in quay hoc cc t in - mc ca mi mt sng hi c xem xt
nn c cn nhc cn thn theo nh hng ca tn s
Bng A.1.1- Cc mc tng hp i vi cc in p
Sng hi ring l trong li in h p ( IEC 1000-2-2)
Cc sng hi l khng bi
ca 3
Cc sng hi l bi ca
3
Cc sng hi
chn
Bc n
Un%
Bc n
Un%
Bc n
Un%
6.0
1...20
5.0
1.5
11
3.5
0.3
0.5..1.
0
13
3.0
21
0.2
17
2.0
>21
0.2
10
19
1.5
12
23
1.5
>12
25
1.5
>25
0,2+0,5
0.5
0.5
0.2
0.2
25/n
H s mo tng cho php : 8%
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Power Amplifier : B khuych i cng sut
Hnh A.1 - S ca mt thit b th nghim cc sng hi

i vi cc mc cng sut nh
A.C. Power Supply : Cp in xoay chiu

Cc li ch gii:
IT l my bin p a vo ni tip
CB l t in kho tn s cp in
Un l in p sng hi a vo
Uh L in p sng hi trn EUT
Hnh A.2- S ca mt thit b th nghim cc sng hi*

i vi cc mc cng sut cao ( a vo ni tip)
DecouplingCiruit : Mch tch ghp
Hnh A.3- S ca mt thit b th nghim cc sng hi i vi

cc tn s cao
( a vo song song vi mch tch ghp)
V c bn nhng s ny cng c gi tr i vi cc th nghim vi cc lin
hi v cc tn hiu dc xp chng.
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A.1.2 Cc sng giao hi ( th nghim tm thi )

Xem IEC 1000-2-1 v 1000-2-2
A.1.2.2 Mc tiu th nghim - Phm vi p dng
Mc tiu th nghim l nghin cu nhng tc ng ca cc sng giao
hi trong cc li cung cp in h p ( cc in p vi mt tn s gia
cc hi) trn thit b c th nhy cm vi cc tn s nh vy . C hai loi
ngun cc sng giao hi :
- Cc tn s ring l (v d cc my i tn s tnh, cc my bin
i quay trn)
- Cc ngun c ph lin tc (v d cc l h quang)
Tc ng ca cc sng giao hi trn cc thit b nhy cm c th
ging nh tc ng ca cc sng hi : hoc nhng tc ng ngn hn
c th gy ra cc lm vic xu hoc nhng tc ng thi gian di v
d qu pht nng .
Mt th nghim i vi cc sng giao hi ch nn p dng trong cc trng hp c bit v d :
- i vi thit b la chn tn s di hp vi mt nhy cm c
bit vi mt sng giao hi c bit
- i vi thit b nhy cm di rng c dng lp t mt a
im c mt mc sng giao hi cao (v d trong vng ln cn cc l
h quang ln)
i vi phn ln cc thit b , th nghim vi cc sng hi coi l
bao trm ln nhng yu cu trn.
A.1.2.3 Cc c tnh ca in p th nghim
i vi cc tn s giao hi ring l, cng nh i vi cc sng hi mt
sng hnh sin c bin thch hp c xp chng ln in p cp
in.
i vi cc ph lin tc, nn ch rng, trong thc t , trong cc li
in , cc ph nh vy c mt bin thay i theo tn s - tu
thuc vo cc c tnh ca ngun v tr khng li - v giao ng lin
tc trong khong thi gian. Ti tn by gi , khng c mt ph tiu
chun c th c ti sinh mt cch khng tng ng i vi cc mc
tiu ca th nghim , l c xc nh. Cho ti khi mt ph tiu chun
nh vy c th c xc nh , nn tho thun tng trng hp trn cc
c tnh in p th nghim . c bit l kh nng ch dng mt
tn s tng ng tiu biu nn c xem xt .
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Thit b th nghim ch yu l nh nhau i vi th nghim vi cc

sng hi trong cc ngun sng hi c thay th bng mt ngun
cc sng giao hi ( xem hnh A.1, A.2, v A.3)
Trong trng hp ca mt ph lin tc , ngun cc sng giao hi c th

gm mt my pht ting n m tn hiu ra ca n qua mt b lc
thch hp sinh ra c tnh bin /tn s yu cu . Nn ch ti s
tht l cc mch a vo ni tip nh nhng mch trong cc hnh A.2
v A.3 c th rt ph thuc vo tn s.
A.1.2.5 Cc mc khc nghit khuyn ngh
Thng tin sau c th dng lm hng dn chnh nh mc tng hp
Nhng tn s giao hi ring l c th c mc 0,5% ca in p tn s
c bn Un (khi khng c cng hng) nhng c th c gim i nh hn
0,1 % ca Un khi chng c th gy nhiu h thng iu khin gn
sng (h thng iu khin t xa tp trung)
Cc ph lin tc thng c mt mc nu 0,02 % ca Un o c vi
mt di rng10Hz. Chng c mt mc cao hn trong trng hp l h
quang v thit b tng t, tu thuc vo nhng tnh hung
Nhng mc th nghim phi c tho thun theo tng trng hp :
Chng c th c chnh nh bng mc tng hp c tng ln bi
mt h s min tr c la chn v d gia 1,2 v 2,0
A.1.2.6 Cc lu lin quan n th tc th nghim
Th nghim vi cc sng giao hi c th c thc hin c hoc khng
cc sng hi trong- hoc k vi - di tn c xem xt
Php o cc sng giao hi ring l tng t vi php o cc sng hi
Php o ca mt ph lin tc c th c thc hin bng hai cch :
- hoc bng o gi tr hiu tng trong di tn c xem xt
- hoc bng o ph mt in p vi mt b lc di ( = 3Hz
hoc 10Hz)
A.1.3 Cc in p tn hiu (th nghim tm thi)
Xem IEC 1000-1 v IEC 1000-2-1
A.1.3.2 Mc tiu ca th nghim
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Mc tiu ca th nghim l nghin cu tc ng ca in p tn hiu

trong li cung cp in h p , hoc trn nhng thit b c th nhy
cm vi cc tn hiu nh vy. Bn kiu tn hiu c s dng (hoc
ang c xem xt vi cc h thng mi ):
- Tn s m thanh trong di 110Hz ti 2000 Hz (iu khin t xa
tp trung)
- Tn s trung bnhtrong di 3KHz ti 20KHz (trung tn-ti ba in
lc)
- Tn s v tuyn introng di 20KHz ti 150(500)KHz ( tn s v
tuyn-ti ba in lc )
- nh du trn ng cong in p li in (h thng nh du li
in)
V nhng tn hiu c truyn mt cch gin on di dng ca cc
xung , ch nhng tc ng ngn hn nn c nghin cu.
Th nghim c th p dng cho thit b in lp t trong li phn
phi cng cng h p, trong cc li in cng cng hoc trong nhng
nh my in c kh nng b nhiu lon bi cc xung ngn hn .
A.1.3.3 Cc c tnh in p th nghim
Cc tn hiu tn s l cc sng hnh sin c xp chng ln in
p cp in . Cc tn hiu du n li in nn c gi i vi dng
c bit ca chng
A.1.3.4 Thit b th nghim / my pht th nghim
i vi cc tn hiu tn s ba lp t c th c xem xt:
- i vi cc mc cng sut thp ca EUT , lp t b khuych i
c th ging nh lp t b khuych i ca cc sng hi , b
khuych i cung cp cng sut 50/60Hz cng nh tn hiu (xem hnh
A.1)
- i vi cc mc cng sut cao hoc i vi tn s thp - v d ln ti
10KHz cng lp t a vo ni tip i vi nhng sng hi (xem
hnh A.2)
- i vi cc mc cng sut cao v i vi cc tn s trung bnh v v
tuyn lp t dng mt a vo song song v mt b lc pha trc
(xem hnh A.3)
Trong tt c nhng lp t ny , mt thit b xung cho nhng tn
hiu theo m h thng nn c a vo.
i vi tn hiu du n li in , mt thit b th nghim c bit l
cn thit
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Trong di tn s m thanh ln ti 2000 Hz, nhng gi tr cao nht ca

nhng mc tng hp i vi cc sng hi trong vng ph cn ca tn
s tn hiu (ngha l cc sng hi l khng phi l bi s ca 3) c th
c dng hng dn. Nhng mc khc nghit nn c tng ln bi
mt h s min cm thch hp, ngha l 1,2 ti 2,0 nh i vi cc sng
hi
Ghi ch : Trong nhng nc c mt iu chnh lin quan n nhng mc tn hiu
iu khin gn sng cho php cc i (ngha l ng cong Meister), bng tho
thun gia h s dng v nh ch to , nhng gi tr ny c th c tng ln bng
mt h s min cm thch hp nh , cng c th c xem xt
i vi nhng di tn s trung bnh v v tuyn in , thi gian

phn on ny ca 1000-4 ang c son tho , nhng mc tng
hp ang c xem xt . Cho ti khi cc kt qu xc nh tn ti , cc
th nghim min cm c th c thc hin vi mc tn hiu cc i
nh c ch ra bi nh ch to h thng pht tn hiu , c tng ln
bi mt h s min cm thch hp
V nhng tn hiu du n li in , cc th nghim cng nn c
thc hin vi mc tn hiu c ch ra bi nh ch to , c tng ln
bi mt h s min cm thch hp.
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V nhng tn hiu c m ho theo cc m hnh khc nhau , c th
kim tra xem mt thit b c bit c nhy cm vi cc tn hiu c
m ho hn cc tn lin tc khng.
Vi thit b cng c th nhy cm vi cc sng hi ca tn s tn hiu,
khi iu ny c th b nghi ng , mt th nghim min cm cc
tn s ny cng nn c xem xt.
i vi php o bin (cc mc) ca tn hiu , phi s dng nhng
dng c thch nghi vi php o cc xung c m ho hoc vi kiu tn
hiu.
A.1.4. Cc dao ng in p
Xem IEC 1000-1 v IEC 1000-2-1
A.1.4.2 Mc tiu th nghim - phm vi p dng
Cc dao ng in p c xc nh nh cc thay i nhanh ca
in p cp in trong di bin ng bnh thng (c th bng hp
ng) trong vn hnh bnh thng ca li in, ngha l 10% Un
Mc tiu th nghim l kim tra min cm ca thit b c th
nhy cm vi cc dao ng in p nhanh trong li cp in h p
Nhng dao ng nh vy c sn ra v d bi :
- cc ph ti ln (v d cc l h quang) bin ng lin tc nhng ngu
nhin
- cc ph ti ng ct (v d cc ng c in ) chy/dng tch
bit
- cc bin ng in p theo tng bc (do cc iu chnh in p
cc nc ca cc my bin p)
Ghi ch : Nhng dao ng in p nhanh ny khc vi cc thay i
in p chm bnh thng do cc ph ti tng ln hoc gim i bnh
thng
S dao ng in p nhanh c th tc ng vo vn hnh ca thit
b in t nhy: cc thit b iu khin in t , cc my tnh v.v..
Ghi ch - Kiu nhiu ny khng nn ln ln vi tc ng nhp nhy l
mt hin tng v sinh l hc do cc dao ng chi ca thp sng.
Th nghim ny c th p dng cho tt c cc thit b c dng cho
cc li in cng cng, cc li in cng nghip v cc nh my in
c th nhy cm vi kiu nhiu lon ny.
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C th gi nh l s bin i in p tng bc l nhng kiu dao
ng in p gy nhiu lon nht.
Ban u , EUT lm vic in p li in khng i v khi chu
cc bin ng in p tng bc lp li theo hnh A.4
A.1.4.4 Thit b th nghim / my pht th nghim
Mt s lp t c th c biu th trong hnh A.5
in p ban u c chnh l :
Un ( gi tr nh mc), Un + 10% , Un - 10%
ln ca nhng bc in p c th c chn nh sau :
- U = 8% ca Un i vi thit b c dng cho cc li in cng
cng hoc cc li in b nhiu lon nh khc.
- U = 12% ca Un i vi thit b c dng trong cc li in b
nhiu lon nng ( ngha l cc li in cng nghip)
Chu k lp li T v khong thi gian ca nhng dao ng in p
phi c xc nh;
T= 5 giy ti 10 giy , t = 2 giy ti 3 giy c th c ly lm hng
dn chung
Ghi ch : Tuy nhin cc gii hn trn v di ca in p lm vic c xc
nh bi nh ch to sn phm khng nn vt qu
A.1.4.6 Cc lu c lin quan n th tc th nghim
t=2 giy ti 3 giy
U
T=5 giy ti 10 giy
Hnh A.4. V d ca mt trnh t dao ng in p

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Control : iu khin
Trigger : Khi kch
Oscillogcope: dao ng k
Powersupply : ngun cp
Voltmeter = Vn k
Hnh A.5- S ca mt my pht

- i vi bin i bc in p
- i vi cc lm in p v cc ct in p
A.1.5 Cc lm in p v cc cp in ngn hn (ang xem
xt)
Xem IEC 1000-1, IEC 1000- 2-2 v cc n phm tng lai trong s ri IEC
1000
A.1.5.2 Mc tiu ca th nghim-Phm vi p dng
Cc lm in p l cc ging in p bin c ln hn 10% ti 15% Un
v ngn hn (0,5chu k ti 50 chu k) . Cc ct in p ngn hn l
cc lm in p ca 100%Un
Mc tiu ca th nghim l kim tra min cm ca thit b c th
nhy cm vi cc lm in p v cc ct in p ngn hn. Cc lm
v cc ct in p l do cc s c trong cc li in h p, trung p,
hoc cao p ( cc ngn mch hoc s c ni t) . c bit l, cc
lm v cc ct in p do ng ct s c vi ng li nhanh trong
khong thi gian 0,5 giy phi c xem xt.
Nhng tc ng ca cc lm in p hoc ct in c th c cc
kiu khc nhau, v d :
- Nhy ra (ly hp) cc tip im
- Tc ng sai ca cc thit b iu chnh.
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- S c i ni trong cc b bin i in
- S mt d liu trong cc b nh ca my tnh ,v.v...
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EUT lc ban u vn hnh in p nh mc ca n v ri chu
cc lm in p hoc ct in theo hnh A.6
C th dng cng thit b nh thit b th nghim cc dao ng in
p (xem hnh A.5)
Nhng gi tr th nghim sau c khuyn ngh :
U
Cc lm in p
Khong thi gian
30%
60%
Cc ct in p
o,5 ti 50 chu k
100%
La chn khong thi gian ph thuc vo kiu ca qu trnh v/hoc

ca thit b
(cc khong thi gian ngn hn c bit i vi cc thit b c b
nh)
Hn na nhm m phng nhng iu kin trong mt s li, mt th
nghim vi mt chu trnh c hai lin tip lm/ct vi mt khong thi
gian thay i cng c th c xem xt.
Trong trng hp ca mt thit b ba pha , c th cn p dng cc lm
in p hoc trn c ba pha ng thi hoc ch trn mt hoc hai
pha .
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Hnh A.6- V d ca mt chu trnh th nghim vi hai lm in p

A.1.6 Khng cn bng in p ba pha (th nghim tm thi)
Xem IEC 1000-1, IEC 1000- 2-2 v IEC 34.1
Mc tiu ca th nghim l nghin cu nh hng s khng cn bng
trong mt h thng in p ba pha trn mt thit b c th nhy cm
vi nhiu lon ny v d :
- Qu pht nng ca cc my in quay dng xoay chiu;
- Pht ra cc sng hi khng c trng trong cc my bin i in
t cung cp in
Mc khng cn bng c xc nh bi h s khng cn bng
Ui
Thnh phn th t nghch ca
in p
i = ------Ud
Thnh phn th t thun ca
in p
Th nghim ch p dng cho thit b ba pha

Mt in p ba pha tn s cng nghip c t vo EUT vi h s
khng cn bng quy nh . Nhm khng lm sai lch th nghim ,
in p ny ch nn c mt lng sng hi rt nh
Lp t th nghim n gin nht gm ba my bin p t ngu
mt pha , cc u ra ca chng c iu chnh ring l
Nu khng c iu quy nh no khc , th nghim c tin hnh
vi mt h s khng cn bng 2% (xem IEC1000- 2-2 )
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A.1.7 Cc bin i tn s cng nghip (th nghim tm thi)

Xem IEC 1000-1v IEC 1000- 2-2
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Mc tiu ca th nghim l nghin cu nhng nh hng ca cc bin
i tn s cng nghip trn thit b c th nhy cm vi kiu nhiu
lon ny. Nhng nh hng thng l nhng nh hng nht thi : Sai
s o lng , mt ng b ....
V tn s cng nghip trong cc li ni lin kt ch bin i trong
mt di tn rt hp xung quanh tn s nh mc (50/60Hz) th
nghim ny ch p dng cho cc trng hp c bit :
- thit b phi vn hnh c bit cc bin i ln ca tn s cng
nghip;
- thit b c lp t trong cc li nh tch ly khi h thng ln lin
kt
EUT c cp in bi mt my pht in vi tn s u ra bin i
trong di v d 10%
A.1.7.4 Thit b th nghim / My pht th nghim
Bt k my pht in tn s cng nghip, my khuych i cng
sut, my bin i tn s , t my pht Diezel no v.v... u c th
c s dng . in p u ra khng nn c mt phn lng hi cao
Cc gi tr th nghim c quy nh i vi mi trng hp c bit.
Nhng ch dn sau c th lm mt hng dn :
- Di bin i tn s bnh thng :
( fn 2 )% ngha l 51,0 Hz ti 49,0Hz ; 62,2Hz ti 58,8 Hz ;
- Di rng ca bin i tn s (cc trng hp c bit)
( fn 4/-6 )% ngha l 52 Hz ti 47Hz ; 62,4Hz ti 56,4 Hz ;
Trong cc trng hp , i vi mt thit b c bit ,tc bin
i tn s v khong thi gian th nghim c th c mt nh hng,
nhng gi tr ny cng nn c xc nh bi u ban sn phm c lin
quan bi s tho thun gia nh sn xut v h s dng .
A.1.8 Thnh phn mt chiu trong li in xoay chiu(ang
xem xt )
A.1.8.1 Mc tiu ca th nghim - Phm vi p dng
Th nghim ny c dng kim tra min cm ca thit b c
th nhy cm vi mt thnh phn in p mt chiu c xp chng
ln in p cp in. Cc thnh phn mt chiu nh vy c th b
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gy ra bi cc ph ti khng i xng i vi dng sng xoay chiu,

bi cc my i in xoay chiu- mt chiu khng cn bng.
Phm vi p dng v cc c im th nghim ang c xem xt.
A.2 Cc th nghim min cm : Cc qu v cc nhiu lon c truyn dn cao tn

A.2.1 Xung in p/dng in 100/1300 s
A.2.1.1 Ti liu tham kho
Xem phn on tng ng ca IEC 1000-4
Mc tiu ca th nghim l kim tra min cm ca thit b : mt
thit b n l hoc h thng chng vi nhng qu c sinh ra
bi s chy ca cc cu ch trong li in cung cp h p. Nhng qu
ny c nhng c tnh tng qut sau :
- Cc xung mt hng hoc cc sng dao ng tt dn nhanh
- Khong thi gian di ( 50%/50% ti 10 ms)
- Khong thi gian i ln di ca cc xung mt hng (10%/90% ti 200
s)
- Bin nh , ch 2Un ti 3Un
- Phn lng nng lng cao
V khong thi gian di ca chng v phn lng nng lng cao ca
chng , mc du bin thp , cc qu nh vy c th nh hng
vn hnh ca thit b in t hoc gy ra mt s h hi.
Th nghim c th p dng cho thit b in t nhy c dng
ni vi cc li in phn phi h p hoc vi li in h p ca cc trm
phn phi in . Tuy nhin i vi thit b in t c cng sut cao ,
thit b th nghim c th qu ln hoc t tin , sao cho vic thay
th th nghim trong trng hp ny bng mt phng php tnh ton
c d tnh trc.
Mt c im k thut chnh xc hn trong phm vi p dng ca th
nghim ny ang c xem xt.
A.2.1.3 Cc c tnh sng th nghim
Thy rng kiu qu ny c th c biu th bng mt xung theo
mt hng khong 100/1300s c xp chng ln nh dng v m
ca ng cong in p tn s cng nghip (xem hnh A.7)
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A.2.1.4 My pht th nghim /thit b th nghim

ang xem xt
Bin ca xung nn l 1,3 Un
V d i vi Un = 230 V ; UP = 425 V
Un = 400 V ; UP = 735 V
in p th nghim c t vo cc u cc cung cp ca thit b ,
gia cc pha v trung tnh hoc gia cc pha v c xp chng ln
nh ca hnh sin ca in p cp in (xem hnh A.7)
Th nghim c t vo ba ln vi mi cc tnh , trn nh ca na
sng tng ng.
Khong thi gian gia nhng th nghim s kh di cho php
thit b bo v hi phc , ngha l mt pht. l mt th nghim
c tin hnh ni chung trong mt phng th nghim , khng hin
trng
Rise time : Thi gian i ln
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Hnh A.7 - Dng ca xung c thi gian di tiu biu

A.2.2 Sng xung 1,2/50 s (in p )- 8/20 s (dng in)(ang xem
xt)
Xem IEC 801-5 v IEC 1000-4-5 ( ang xem xt)
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Mc tiu ca th nghim l kim tra min cm ca thit b vi cc
qu theo mt hng b gy ra bi cc hin tng sau :
- Hin tng ng ct trong li in (v d ng ct cc dy t in)
- Cc s c trong li in
- Cc st nh (st nh trc tip hoc gin tip)
Xung ca in p cm ng c th sinh ra cc tc ng khc nhau ,
ph thuc vo tr khng tng i ca ngun v ca EUT :
- nu EUT c mt tr khng cao i vi tr khng ca ngun xung s
sn ra mt xung in p trn cc cc ca EUT
- nu EUT c mt tr khng tng i thp , xung s to ra mt xung
dng
Vic hot ng ny c th c lm sng t bi mt mch u vo c
bo v bng mt b chng qu in p : chng no b chng qu
in p ny khng b hng, tr khng u vo cao, khi n b h hng
tr khng u vo tr thnh rt thp.
Mt th nghim thc phi tng ng vi hot ng ny v my pht th
nghim phi c kh nng gi i mt xung in p ti mt tr khng
cao cng nh mt xung dng ti mt tr khng thp (my pht sng t
hp)
Th nghim c p dng :
- cho tt c cc kiu thit b
- cc u cc ca chng hoc cc ng dy cung cp dng in
xoay chiu hoc mt chiu , cc u vo / u ra ca ng dy
tn hiu hoc iu khin hoc cc u cc ca chng ;
- gia cc ng dy ( pha vi pha) hoc pha vi t.
Cc lu :
a) Th nghim t hp ny thay th cc th nghim trc bng cc th
nghim hoc in p hoc dng in
b) i vi thit b c u ni vi li in cng cng h p, th nghim
ny b xung cho th nghim sng hnh sin tt dn hoc th
nghim c sng dao ng tt dn 0,1MHz bao trm ch yu cc qu
xut hin trong cc li cp (xem cc th nghim ca A.2.4 v A.2.5)
c) Th nghim min cm ny khng c ln ln vi th nghim chu
ng xung, th nghim min cm ny c mt mc tiu (an ton) khc
v c thc hin vi cc in p cao hn v khng c thit b c
mang in .
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A.2.2.3 Cc c tnh ca cc sng th nghim

Thch hp xem xt cng dng sng i vi th nghim chu ng
sng xung v th nghim sng in p v dng in, v tc ng
ca min cm v cch in l hai hu qu ca cng nhng qu
trong li in.
Do , nhng xung th nghim phi c nhng c tnh c bn
sau :
- my pht mch h- mt xung in p 1,2/50 s (xem hnh A.8)
- My pht ni ngn mch - mt xung dng 8/20 s (xem hnh A.9)
Ph thuc vo tr khng my pht v vo tr khng EUT, cc tr khng
ny c th thay i trong th nghim, dng sng in p hoc dng
in thc t c th khc nhiu vi cc c tnh trn (cng xem ph
lc B)
Tr khng ngun (ngha l tr khng my pht i vi th nghim ny)
c th c chn nh sau :
- i vi mt li cp in h p gia hai ng dy : gn 2
- i vi mt li cp in h p gia mt ng dy v t : gn 12
- i vi cc ng dy khc(o lng ,iu khin)gia mt dy v

t:gn 42
Do tr khng my pht phi iu chnh c
A.2.2.4 My pht th nghim /my pht th nghim
My pht th nghim phi c kh nng gi vo, trong mch h, mt
xung in p, cng nh khi ngn mch, mt xung dng c cc dng v
cc bin quy nh. Hnh A.10 biu th mt s nh mt my
pht lai tp
Nhng c tnh ch yu phi nh sau :
- in p u ra mch h 10% : 0,5 kVp ti 4 kVp
- dng in u ra ngn mch 10% : 0,25 kAp ti 2 kAp, ang xem
xt
(Hin ti trong IEC 801-5 v tng lai IEC 1000-4-5)
Tr khng ca my pht :
chnh bn thn my pht : 2
vi cc in tr ph thm l 10 ti 40 : 12 hoc 42
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Tr khng my pht i vi cc th nghim kiu khc : 2

Cc tnh : dng v m
Lch pha trn ton di 3600
Sut lp li cc i : t nht mt trn pht
Thit b th nghim cng bao gm :
- Mt mch ghp ni ca mt ca cc kiu sau:
+ mt ghp ni in dung (ghp ni song song) i vi cc ng dy cung cp in hoc iu khin .
+ mt ghp ni in cm (ghp ni qua mt my bin p ni
tip ) i vi ng dy cp in hoc iu khin .
+ mt ghp ni bng b chng st kh i vi ng dy vin
thng
- mt mch tch ghp (li lc trc)
- mt dng c o thch hp (dao ng k) vi mt di tn bng hoc
ln hn 10MHz .
La chn mc th nghim i vi mt thit b c bit hoc h
thng ph thuc vo mi trng v cc iu kin lp t n s
c s dng. Vic phn loi sau cho hng dn chung (i vi o lng
qu trnh cng nghip v cc dung c iu khin xem IEC 1000-1)
Loi 0: - cc mi trng c bo v rt tt.
- in p xung cn li rt yu (v d 25Vp)
- v d cc phng my tnh c bo v rt tt
Loi 1: - cc mi trng c bo v tt, khng c biu l mnh m
- in p xung khng th vt 500 Vp
- v d cc phng iu khin ca cc x nghip cng
nghip hoc cc
trm in.
Loi 2: - Cc mi trng c bo v nhng nh hn loi 1;
- Qa in p xung khng th vt 1 KVp
- V d cc x nghip cng nghip khng b nhiu lon
mnh
Loi 3: - Cc mi trng b nhiu lon bnh thng, khng c bin
php lp t
c bit.
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- in p xung khng th vt qu 2 kVp

- v d cc li cp phn phi cng cng , cc vng qu
trnh cng
nghip, cc vng trm bin p v.v...
Loi 4: - Cc vng b nhiu lon nng n
- in p xung c th t ti 4kVp
- li in ng dy trn khng phn phi cng cng , cc
trm bin
p cao p trong cc a im khng c bo v
Loi X : - c bit
Nhng mc th nghim sau c th c p dng :
Loi
Dy vi dy
Dy vi t
Up ( KV)
Up ( KV )
Khng th nghim
0,5
0,5
1,0
2,0
2,0
4,0
1,0
Theo tho thun
Up l in p mch h
Cng nhng mc trn c p dng cho cc ng dy in lc v cc

u vo/u ra .
A.2.2.6 Cc lu n th tc th nghim
Th nghim phi c thc hin t nht nm ln vi mi cc tnh, nu c th
mi ln mt v tr khc trn sng in p li in . Khong thi gian gia
hai xung ph thuc vo thi gian hi phc ca bo v ( lp t sn
trong )
( V d xut lp li : mt trn pht )
Ch yu l mt th nghim phng th nghim . Hai kiu th nghim c th
c xem xt :
- Cc th nghim min cm trn mt EUT n l
- Th nghim h thng/ thit tr trn mt h thng tng th
Front time : Thi gian u sng
Time to half value :thi gian n na
gi tr
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Ghi ch -1= 100%

Hnh A.8- Dng sng ca in p mch h
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Front time : Thi gian u sng
Time to half value :thi gian ti na gi tr
Hnh A.9- Dng sng dng ngn mch
V l ngun cao p
Rc l in tr ti
Cc l t in tch nng lng
Rs l in tr c dng khong thi gian xung
Rm l in tr ph hp tr khng
Lr l in cm ph hp tr khng
Hnh A.10- S ca mt my pht sng t hp
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A.2.3 Cc lot xung qu nhanh :(n phm)

Xem IEC 801-4, IEC 1000- 4-4 (ang xem xt)
Mc tiu ca th nghim l kim tra min cm ca thit b : thit
b n l hoc cc h thng, vi mt lot xung qu rt ngn c
sinh ra v d bi :
- ng ct cc ti in cm nh , s nhy ca cc tip im rle
( cc nhiu c truyn dn )
- ng ct ca cc thit b ng ct cao p - dc bit thit b
ng ct SF6 hoc chn khng ( nhiu c pht x)
Nhng c tnh quan trng ca nhng qu ny l thi gian i
ln nhanh , khong thi gian ngn hn , nng lng thp vi sut lp li
cao. Chng c th gy nhiu lon thit b in t nhng ni chung t
c kh nng gy thit hi
Th nghim p dng cho cc sau :
- cc cung cp in xoay chiu hoc mt chiu v cc ng dy
iu khin v tn hiu ca EUT
- cc thit b c s dng bi cc nh cung cp in v cc x nghip
dch v cng cng khc.
- cc thit b c dng trong cc cng trng cng nghip
- cc thit b i vi s dng ring trn li in phn phi cng cng
h p
Th nghim c thc hin vi lot xung lp li c xung ngn nh c
biu th trong cc hnh A.11 v A.12
- thi gian i ln ca mt xung 10%/90% : 5ns 30%
- khong thi gian xung 50%/50%
- tn s lp li
: 5ns 30%
: 5 hoc 2,5 KHz
- khong thi gian ca mt lot xung

- chu k lot xung
: 15 ms
: 300 ms
A.2.3.4 My pht th nghim / thit b th nghim

Mt s ca my pht th nghim c biu th trong hnh A.13
- in p u ra mch h : 0,25 kVp ti 4 kVp
- tr khng ng
: 50% 20%
- cc tnh
: dng / m
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- quan h vi ngun cp : phi ng b .
Thit b th nghim cng bao gm ( xem IEC 801-4)

- i vi cc th nghim cc cc cp in ca EUT :
33 nF
mt thit b ghp ni, thc t ca mt t in ghp ni
i vi cc th nghim phng th nghim, ph thm mt

mch tch ghp(kho)
di vi cc th nghim trn hin trng, mch ny khng c s dng

- i vi cc th nghim ca cc u vo iu khin v tn hiu ca
EUT :
mt thit b ghp , hoc mt kp ghp t in.
hoc mt t dn in bc nhng ng dy
hoc cc t ghep ni 100 pF i vi mi ng dy .
- Mt thit b o thch hp (dao ng k) vi mt di tn s ln hn

400 MHz
Mc
Cc t ngun cp
Up
Sut lp li
KHz
KV
1
0,5
2,5
Mc
Theo s tho thun
u vo u ra Up
Sut lp li
KV
KHz
0,25
0,5
Theo s tho thun
Up ( KV) l in p ca mch h ca my pht

in p th nghim phi c p dng cho cc kiu ng dy khc
nhau hoc cc cc ca EUT :
- Cc ng dy cung cp (xoay chiu hoc mt chiu) :
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in p th nghim c p dng theo kiu chung gia mi cc ca

cung cp v im t bo v gn nht hoc mt phng t tham
kho
- Cc ng dy iu khin v tn hiu v cc ng dy thng tin:
in p th nghim c t vo theo kiu chung thch hn vi kp
ghp ni t in vi mt trong cc phng php khc .
- Cc cc t bo v ca cc v bc :
in p th nghim c p dng gia cc u cc v mt t tham
kho .
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Nhng mc khc nghit ca cc th nghim thch hp phi c quy

nh mt cch c lp vi u cc cp in v cc u cc iu
khin v tn hiu . Hai mc c th nh nhau hoc khc nhau theo cc
du hiu vn hnh , nhiu iu kin lp t v cc bin php bo
v ( ngha l i vi thit b iu khin v o lng qu trnh cng
nghip , mc khc nghit trn cc u cc ca tn hiu v iu
khin ca EUT l na mc khc nghit trn cc cc cp in )
Mc 1: C th p dng cho thit b c lp t trong mt mi trng
c bo v tt ( v d phng my tnh)
Mc 2 : C th p dng cho thit b c lp t trong mt mi trng c bo v bnh thng ( v d cc phng my tnh v
iu khin ca cc x nghip cng nghip hoc nh my
in)
Mc 3 : C th p dng cho thit b c lp t trong mt mi trng khng c bo v ( v d cc li in phn phi cng
cng , cc vng qu trnh cng nghip , cc trm bin p v.v....)
Mc 4 : C th p dng cho thit b i vi cc mi trng b nhiu
lon nng ( v d cc trm bin p vi cc thit b ng ct
bng SF6 hoc chn khng)
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A.2.3.6 Cc lu lin quan n th tc th nghim .

Khong thi gian ti thiu ca th nghim l 1 pht . Th nghim p
dng cho cc th nghim phng th nghim v hin trng .
Ghi ch -1 = 100%
Hnh A.11- Dng sng ca mt xung u nhn vo ti 50
Spike : Xung u nhn Depends on the test voltage level ::Ph thuc vo mc in
p th nghim
Burst repetition rate:Tc lp li ca mt lot xung Burst period Chu k ca mt
lot xung
Hnh A.12- th chung ca mt qu nhanh
V l ngun cao p
Rc l in tr ti
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Rm l in tr thch ng tr khng
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Cc l t in tch tr
nng lng
- 62
Cd l t in kho dng mt chiu
Hnh A.13 - S ca mt my pht qu nhanh
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A.2.4 Cc sng hnh sin tt dn (ang xem xt)

Xem phn on tng lai tng ng ca IEC 1000-4
Mc tiu ca th nghim l kim tra min cm ca thit b vi cc
qu dao ng - cc sng hnh sin tt dn- Cc qu xut
hin trong cc li in cp ngm di t h p khu nh v cng
nghip. Cc qu c gy ra ch yu bi cc hin tng ng
ct.
Th nghim ny b sung cho th nghim xung 1,2/50 s bao trm cc
qu xut hin trn li ngoi tri ( cc ng dy trn khng) (xem
th nghim A.2.2) v to thnh mt bin th ca sng dao ng tt
dn 0,1MHz vi cc yu cu t khc nghit hn (A.2.5)
Tuy nhin nng lng ca th nghim sng hnh sin tt dn nh
hn nng lng ca th nghim xung; nhng sng hnh sin tt dn c
th sinh ra cc tc ng trong EUT do thay i cc c tnh ca
in p .
Th nghim ny c p dng cho thit b c dng cho cc li in
cng nghip v nh v cng c th cho cc trm in.
A.2.4.3 Cc c tnh ca sng th nghim
Dng sng gm mt xung c thi gian tng ln l 0,5 s , c k tc
bng mt dao ng vi mt dao ng 100KHz vi mt suy gim nh
th no mi nh l 60% ca nh trc. Xem hnh A.14
Mt s ca mt my pht th nghim c biu th trong hnh
A.15
-in p ra mch h : 0,25kVp ti 4 kVp
- tr khng ng
: ang xem xt
( trn thc t )
: 12 hoc 30
- cc tnh
: Dng / m
- quan h vi cung cp in : phi ng b

- sut lp li cc i
: 6/pht
Th nghim cng bao gm ( xem ph lc B, hnh B.3)

- mt mch ghp cp
- mt mch tch cp
- mt dng c o thch hp ( dao ng k) vi mt di tn s bng
hoc ln hn
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10 MHz.
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Mc
Kiu chung Ap
Kiu so lch Ap
KV
KHz
0,5
0,25
0,5
Theo tho thun
Cc khuyn ngh i vi vic la chn mc khc nghit : ang xem

xt
- S cc th nghim s c hn ch ti: ( ang xem xt )
- Khong thi gian gia hai th nghim t nht l 10s
Hnh A.14 - Cc c tnh ca sng hnh sin tt dn ( in p

mch m)
V l ngun cao p
Rc l in tr ti
Cs l t in tch tr nng lng
C1 - L l mch dao ng
pht
C2 l t in thch ng
R1 l t in thch ng hng s thi gian
R2 L in tr thch ng tr khng my
Hnh A.15 - S ca mt my pht sng hnh sin dao ng tt

dn
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A.2.5 Cc sng dao ng tt dn ( ang xem xt)

Xem phn on tng lai tng ng ca IEC 1000-4 v IEC 255-22-1
Mc tiu ca th nghim l kim tra min cm ca thit b in
v in t - c bit l thit b c lp t trong cc trm in
cao p/trung p , hoc thit b c tin cy cao- vi cc qu giao
ng c cm ng trong nhng mch in p thp bi cc hin tng
trong cc li in cao p hoc trung p (hin tng ng ct, s c ,
v.v.). Kiu qu ny c c trng bi cc dao ng tt dn kh
mnh trong mt di tn s gia 30KHz v 2 MHz .
Th nghim p dng ch yu cho thit b c lp t trong cc trm
in v pha cp in cng nh v pha iu khin v tn hiu ca
EUT.
Ghi ch : - C th xem xt th nghim ny i vi thit b c t
cc v tr khc nhau nh cc li in , nh , dn c vi tn s 100
KHz . Khi n tng t nh th nghim sng hnh sin tt dn ( xem
th nghim A.2.4) ( Tuy sng hnh sin tt dn ny c mt khong
thi gian tng ln di hn). Tng t th nghim ny b xung cho th
nghim in p xung ( xem th nghim A.2.2)
in p th nghim gm mt dao ng tt dn vi mt tn s gia
30KHz v 10MHz, vi gi tr thch dung l 0,1MHz v 1MHz, vi mt gi
tr nh suy gim ti 50% ca nh th nht sau ba ti 6 chu k v
vi mt thi gian tng ln ca sng th nht l 75ns ( xem hnh A.16)
Nhng dao ng ny c p dng vi mt tn sut lp li gn 40/s
0,1MHz v 400/s 1 MHz ( gi tr thch dung)
Mt s ca mt my pht th nghim c biu th trong hnh
A.13 :
- tn s : 0,1 MHz v 1 MHz
- in p nh u ra mnh m : 0,25 KV ti 2,5 Kv
- tr khng ng : ang xem xt
( thc t trong IEC- 255-22-1) : 200 20%
- cc tnh ca na sng th nht : dng/m
- quan h vi cp in : Phi ng b
- tn s lp li : gi tr thch dung 40/s hoc 400/s
Thit b th nghim cng bao gm ( xem ph lc B, hnh B.3)
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- mt mch ghp cp
- mt mch tch cp
- mt dng c o thch hp ( dao ng k) vi di tn bng hoc ln
hn 10 MHz
A.2.5.5 Mc khc nghit khuyn ngh
Mc
Kiu chung Up
Kiu so lch Up
KV
KHz
0,5
0,25
1.0
0,5
2.0/2.5
1.0
Theo tho thun
Up l in p mch m
* 2,5 kVp trong IEC 255-22-1
Cng in p th nghim c p dng cho tt c cc ng dy : cc

ng dy cung cp in hoc iu khin tn hiu
Khong thi gian ti thiu ca mi th nghim l 2 giy
Th nghim c thc hin 0,1MHz v 1,0 MHz . Cc gi tr khc
gia 30 KHz v 10MHz phi c ch ra trong k hoch th nghim .
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Damped oscillatory wave 1 MHz

wave 0,1 MHz
Sng dao ng tt dn 1 MHz
ng tt dn 0,1 MHz
Damped oscillatory
Sng dao
Hnh A.16 - Cc c tnh sng dao ng tt dn
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V l ngun cao p
Rc l in tr ti (200)
C1 l t in tch tr nng lng (0,15 F)
Rd1,Rd2 l cc in tr thch ng tr khng (300)
Ld L in cm thch ng tr khng (0,75H)
Hnh A.17- S ca mt my pht 1MHz

A.2.6 Cc in p cm ng cao tn (th nghim tm thi)
Xem phn on tng lai ca IEC 1000-4
Mc tiu ca th nghim l kim tra min cm ca mt thit b
in t vi cc in p cao tn xut hin trn cc ng dy cp
in, iu khin v tn hiu, v d nh cc in p d trn cc mn
che chn bng thp ca cc cp .
Nhng nhiu lon ny c th l in p mt chiu lin tc ( hoc
hu nh mt chiu) do cc thao tc ng ct, hoc cc s c trong cc
li in cao p, trung p, h p. Nhng nhiu lon ny cm ng ln cc
qu dao ng trong cc mch nh th d l nhng o lng bo v.
Nhiu xut hin nh mt in p kiu chung c bin hn ch. Trn
nhng mch ca cc cp c mn chn bng thp, hiu ng mn chn
hn ch bin ( ln) in p .
Th nghim ch yu p dng cho cc u cc iu khin v tn
hiu ca thit b c dng lp t trong cc trm in v cng
c th trong cc x nghip cng nghip.
in p th nghim gm mt seri cc lot xung , mi mt lot xung
gm c 20 hnh sin c tn s thay i . Tn s qut trong di
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0,01MHz ti 1MHz 0,1(thp phn)/giy hoc thp hn v khong

cch gia cc lot xung l 20ms.
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c im k thut ca my pht th nghim ( v my khuych i
c kt hp nu cn) :
- din p u ra nh mch m : Cc i 100 V
: 200
- tr khng my pht
: 0,25 Aps
- dng in u ra
- u bin lm vic/dng : cc xung c 20 hnh sin vi cc khong

cch 20 ms
- tn s quyt 1KHz ti 1MHz : < 0,1 thp phn/s
- mt mch ghp cp
- mt mt tch cp
- mt dng c o thch hp (dao ng k hoc vn k la chn)
Mc
in p th nghim nh ( V)
10
20
50
100
theo tho thun
in p th nghim c p dng theo kiu chung trn cc u cc

cung cp in v iu khin.
Khong thi gian th nghim c n ch v thi gian cn thit
kim tra tnh nng lm vic cu EUT nh c qui nh trong k
hoch th nghim .
A.2.7 Cc nhiu lon tn s v tuyn in c truyn dn
(ang xem xt)
Xem cc phn on tng lai ca IEC 801-6 , cc phn on tng lai
ca
IEC 1000-4 , IEC 1000-4-6 v xut bn ln th hai ca IEC 790 (ang
xem xt)
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Mc tiu ca th nghim ny l kim tra min cm ca thit b

in t , cc thit b n l hoc cc h thng ( bao gm c nhng
ng cp ca chng) vi cc nhiu c bc x bng cch thay th mt
th nghim trc tip vi mt trng nhiu lon bng mt th nghim
gin tip tng ng vi mt nhiu lon c truyn dn . Dng in
ny l cng mt dng in c cm ng bi trng nhiu lon.
Hai th nghim l c th: Th nghim sng lin tc v th nghim
xung
c im k thut th nghim ang c xem xt.
A.2.8 Xung in p 10/700 s ( ang xem xt)
Xem khuyn ngh K21 ca CCITT
Cng xem khuyn ngh K20, IEC 801-5 v IEC 1000-4-5
( ang xem xt)
Mc tiu ca th nghim l kim tra min cm ca thit b c
ni vi cc ng dy vin thng vi cc nhiu lon xung do v d cc
phng in st. Trong ng cnh ca phn on ny, n p dng cho
thit b u ni nh cc mem v thit b tng t vi cc u
vo/u ra ca iu khin, gi i hoc nhn thng tin qua cc ng dy vin thng .
Th nghim ny p dng cho u cc cc ng dy vin thng ca
EUT theo cc i din k thut ca cc nh chc trch qun l vin
thng .
Cc lu :
a) i vi cc u cc khc, cc th nghim khc c th c p dng
( v d cc th nghim A.2.2, A.2.3, A.2.4, A.2.5);
b) Khi nh chc trch qun l vin thng cng c th quy nh
thm nhng th nghim rt c bit cho vin thng , nhng th
nghim khng nm trong phm tr chung ca ti liu hin ti
( ngha l cc in p cm ng xoay chiu, xem khuyn ngh K21
ca CCITT )
Th nghim ny c thc hin vi mt xung in p c cc c
im k thut sau: (mch m) :
- Thi gian tng ln 10%/90% = 7 s (thi gian u sng 10 s)
- Khong thi gian 50%/50% = 700 s
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Xung ny c c trng bi mt tng ln u sng tng i bng v

mt khong thi gian di v mt phn lng nng lng tng i cao.
Hnh A.18 - S ca mt my pht th nghim
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Mt s ca my pht th nghim c biu th trong hnh A.18 :
- in p u ra ca mch m : 0,5KV ti 4 KV
40
- tr khng ng
- cc tnh
: Dng/m

- mt mch ghp cp vi mt b chng st kh
- mt dng c o thch hp, ngha l mt dao ng k vi mt
rng di cc tiu
l 2MHz
A.2.8.5 Mc khc nghit ca khuyn ngh
Khuyn ngh K21 ca CCITT khuyn ngh mt bin in p cc
i l :
- Thit b i vi mi trng khng b phi ra : Up 1KV
- Thit b i vi cc mi trng b phi ra vi bo v ban u tho
thun :
Up 4KV
Xung th nghim c p dng 10 ln , cc khong 1 pht , v cc
tnh c o nhau gia hai xung lin tip.
A.3 Cc th nghim min cm : cc phng tnh in
A.3.1 Cc phng tnh in
Xem IEC 801-2 v IEC 1000-4-2 (ang xem xt)
Mc tiu ca th nghim l kim tra min cm ca cc thit b cc thit b n l hoc cc h thng trong cc t - vi cc phng
tnh in ( ESD) c sinh ra , v d :
- bi mt nhn vin vn hnh hoc mt vt s vo thit b ;
- bi cc vt hoc cc nhn vin tip sc trong vng ln cn ca thit
b ny
Cc ngi hoc cc vt c th tch tnh in do cc hin tng thay
i .
Nn c bit ch l con ngi bc i trn cc thm nha tng hp
sinh ra cc in tch tnh in. Tu theo cc trng hp in p c
th t ti 15KV (xem mc A.5 di)
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Phng tnh in (ESD) c th nh hng n vn hnh ca mt thit

b hoc lm h hi nhng mch in t ca thit b , hoc bi mt
nh hng trc tip hoc mt cch gin tip bi ghp cp cm ng
hoc pht x.
Th nghim p dng cho thit b in v in t .

Dng sng ca dng phng in tu thuc vo loi ph ti. Hnh A.19
biu th mt dng sng tiu biu ca mt ti in tr.
A.3.1.4 My pht th nghim/ thit b th nghim
Hnh A.20 cho mt gin ca my pht ESD ( Phng tnh in)
Mc in p th nghim
Mc
Phng in tip
sc(KV)
in p th nghim
Phng in trongkhng
kh ( KV)
15
c bit
c bit
Phng in tip xc l phng php th nghim thch dng. Phng

in trong khng kh s c s dng khi phng in tip sc khng
th p dng c .
p dng trc tip ca phng in
ESD (phng tnh in) s phi c p dng cho tt c nhng im
bnh thng c th chm vo c ca EUT. Th nghim c thc hin :
- vi cc phng in duy nht
- gia cc im ny vi t
- vi t nht 10 phng in (dng hoc m)
- vi khong t nht l 1 giy gia cc phng in k tip
Lu :
Nhng im m cc phng in c t vo cc im ny , c th
c la chn bi mt s thm d vi 20 phng in trn giy.
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M phng cc phng in gia cc vt trong vng ln cn ca EUT

Phng in c t vo mt phng t hoc trn mt mm kim
loi 50cm x 50cm xung quanh EUT (cch khong 10cm)
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Hnh A.19- Dng sng tiu biu ca dng u ra ca my pht ESD

(phng tnh in )
Discharge switch: Ci i ni phng in
Discharge tip : u phng in
Discharge return connection : Ni tr v ca dng phng in
V l ngun cao p
Rc l in tr ti
( 16.5 Kv)
( 50 M ti 100 M)
Cs l t in tch nng lng ( 150 pF)

Rd l in tr phng in ( 330 )
Hnh A.20 - Gin ca my pht ESD

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A.4 Cc th nghim min cm : cc nhiu lon t

A.4.1 Trng t tn s cng nghip
Xem IEC 1000-4-8 ( ang son tho ) v 8.5.2 ca IEC 521
Ghi ch - IEC 1000-4-8 bn v cc trng t cc tn s cng nghip
50/60Hz
Cc th nghim i vi cc trng t khc ang xem xt, v d :
- i vi cc tn s cng nghip 162/3 Hz ( cc ng st)
20- 30 Hz ( cc tu thuyn)
400 Hz ( hng khng)
- i vi cc dng in sng hi c tn s cng nghip ( 100 Hz ti 200 Hz)
- i vi cc tn s cao hn ln ti 150 KHz ( v d cc h thng pht tn
hiu trn
li in)
- i vi cc trng dng mt chiu

Mc tiu ca th nghim l kim tra min cm ca thit b , trang
b hoc h thng trong cc t , vi cc t trng xut s t cc dng
in tn s cng nghip trong cc dy dn gn hoc him hn, t
cc thit b khc ( v d dng d ca cc my bin p)
Nn phn bit gia nhng ci sau :

- dng in trong nhng iu kin vn hnh bnh thng sinh ra mt
t trng vi mt bin tng i nh.
- dng in trong cc iu kin s c c th sinh ra mt t trng tng i cao nhng ngn hn, cho ti khi thit b bo v tc ng ( vi
miligiy vi cc cu ch, cc i 3giy ti 5 giy cc rle bo v )
Th nghim vi mt t trng khng i c th p dng cho mi kiu
thit b c dng cho cc li in phn phi h p cng cng hoc
cng nghip v cho cc trm bin p.
Th nghim vi mt t trng ngn hn ( 1s ti 3s) p dng ch yu cho
thit b c lp t nhng ni h trong cc trm in .
A.4.1.3 Cc c tnh ca trng th nghim
Trng th nghim phi l mt trng tn s cng nghip c bin xc
nh, khng c cc sng hi , ng nht mt cch hp l khng c
EUT ( ngha l s bin i cng trng -0% ti +50% )
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A.4.1.4 - Thit b th nghim

Thit b th nghim bao gm:
-mt cun dy cm ng sinh ra t trng;
-mt ngun tn s cng nghip cp in cho cun dy
cm ng;
-thit b ph cn thit v thit b o lng.
A.4.1.4.1-Ba kiu cun dy c khuyn ngh:
a) mt vng dy hnh vung(hnh A.21)- chiu di cnh c
chun ho: 1m cho th nghim cc thit b nh-c th dng c
trong mt th tch vi dung sai 3db : 0,6m x 0,6m x 0,5(h)m.
Ghi ch: i vi cc k in (ng h o in), 8.5.2 ca IEC 521 qui nh 1
vng dy hnh trn c ng knh 1m
b)hai vng dy hnh vung(hnh A.22) -[cun dy Helmolt]chiu di cnh c tiu chun ho 1m v khong cch gia mi
na vng t 0,6 ti 0,8m, cng th nghim cc thit b nh
nhng vi mt th tch ln hn vi mt dung sai 3dB: 0,6m x 0,6m x
1,0m ln lt l 0,6m x 0,6m x 1,2m.
c)mt vng dy thch hp cho nhng thit b c ln v d cc t
(hnh A.23) .Cun dy phi c thc hin theo kch thc ca
EUT. gi trong min 3dB,pha cun dy nn khong cch
sp s 25 cm ti 30cm t cc pha ca EUT (v d i vi mt t
2,0m x 0,5m, cc kch thc cun dy nn sp s 2,6 x 1,0m). N
c th thay i tng bc 0,5m.
A.4.1.4.2 Ngun dng gm mt b iu chnh in p (c ni
vi li in cung cp), mt my bin p cung cp/cun dy v mt
mch iu khin i vi cc th nghim ngn hn (hnh A.25)
-di dng in u ra i vi cc th nghim
kiu lin tc
-di dng in u ra i vi cc
th nghim ngn hn:
1000A
-hiu chnh i vi cc th nghim ngn hn:
giy
1A ti 100A
300A ti
1 giy ti 3
Ghi ch:
1.i vi cc nghin cu s b nhm pht hin ra cc phn nhy cm ca mt
EUT dng "phng php k cn" c th c thc hin. Phng php ny gm
vic dch chuyn mt cun dy nh dc theo cc cnh bn ca EUT, cun dy
cng cho php thay i hng ca trng.
Phng php ny khng c p dng cho cc th nghim chp nhn.
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2.i vi cc th nghim vi tn s cng nghip nhng cun dy thng c cp

in bnh thng bi cng li in nh EUT.
A.4.1.5- Cc mc khc nghit khuyn ngh
Mc
Trng vnh cu
(A/m)
Ngn hn 1s ti 3s
(A/m)
10
30
300
100
1000
Theo tho thun
Theo tha thun
Ghi ch:
1. 100A/m pht ra mt trng khong khng t do l 0,125 mT hoc 1,25 G
2. Cng trng trn l nhng gi tr ca trng t do khng EUT. i vi cng
t in, 8.5.2 ca IEC 521 qui nh 100 A/m
A.4.1.6- Cc lu lin quan n th tc th nghim

Nhng th nghim t trung ch yu l th nghim phng th
nghim.
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Hnh A.21- V d ca mt
cun dy cm ng i vi th
nghim EUT nh
Hnh A.23- V d ca mt cun

dy c 1 vng dy cm ng i vi
th nghim cc t
Hnh A.22- Cun dy Helmoltz Hnh A.24- V d ca mt cun

dy cm ng i vi mt nghin
i vi th nghim EUT nh
cu tnh cht ca nhy cm t
bng phng php k cn
To mains distribution network:V pha li phn phi ;

To induction coil:
V pha cun dy cm ng
Vr l b iu chnh in p C l ngun mch iu khin (lin tuc/ ngn
hn)
Tc l my bin dng
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Hnh A.25- S ca ngun dng
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A.4.2 T trng xung

Xem IEC 1000-4-9 (ang son tho)
Mc tiu ca th nghim l kim tra min cm ca thit b
vi cc t trng c sinh ra bi cc st nh.
Th nghim c th t vo cc thit b in t c dng
lp t trong cc nh my in. i vi thit b li in phn phi
th nghim ch p dng trong cc trng hp c bit.
Dng sng ca t trng l dng sng ca sng dng tiu chun
8/20s chy qua mt cun dy cm ng.
A.4.2.4 Thit b th nghim/ my pht th nghim
Nhng cun dy cm ng c th ging nhau nh i vi th
nghim tn s cng nghip ( hnh A.21 ti A.23)
Nhng cun dy ny c cp t mt my pht xung vi kh nng
dng cn thit i vi mc khc nghit yu cu; my pht l nh nhau
hoc tng t vi my pht c dng cho cc th nghim in p xung
(A.2.2)
Mc
Bin trng cc i *
100
300
1000
Theo tho thun
* Khng c EUT

EUT phi c th nghim vi t nht nm xung ca mi mt cc
tnh trong mi mt hng vung gc.
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A.4.3 T trng dao ng tt dn :

Xem IEC 1000-4-10 ( ang son tho)
Mc tiu ca th nghim l kim tra min cm ca thit b
vi cc t trng dao ng tt dn c sinh ra bi ng ct cc mch
in cao p bi cc dao cch ly trong cc nh my in.
Th nghim c th c p dng ch yu cho thit b in t c lp t trong cc nh my in. Th nghim khng p dng cho
thit b li in phn phi.
A..4.3.3 Cc c tnh trng th nghim
Dng sng ca trng th nghim l dng sng dao ng tt dn
chy trong mt cun dy cm ng vi nhng c tnh sau :
- Tn s dao ng
0,1 MHz v 1 MHz
- Tt dn :
50% ca gi tr nh sau ba ti su chu k
- Tc lp li :
40/400 theo s

Nhng cun dy cm ng c th nh nhau nh i vi th nghim
t trng vi trng tn s cng nghip ( cc hnh A.24 ti A.23)
Nhng cun dy ny c cp t mt my pht dng dao ng vi
kh nng dng cn thit i vi mc khc nghit yu cu :
A.4.3.5 Cc mc khc nghit yu cu :
Mc
Bin trng cc i A/m
10
30
100
Theo tho thun
* Khng EUT
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Khong thi gian th nghim : 1 giy
A.5 Cc th nghim min cm : Cc trng in t

A.5.1 Cc trng in t c pht x
Xem IEC 801-3 v IEC 1000-4-3 ( ang xem xt)
Ghi ch : Phn trn ca IEC 801 bao trm tn s 27 MHz ti 500 MHz
Xut bn c sa i li s bao trm di tn 26 MHz hoc

80MHz ti 1000 MHz c bin iu theo hnh sin 1 KHz , 80%
Mc tiu ca th nghim l kim tra min cm ca cc thit
b : Nhng thit b n l hoc cc h thng vi cc trng in t
c sinh ra bi cc my pht v tuyn in hoc bt k thit b no
khc pht ra nng lng in t c pht x di dng sng lin tc .
min cm ca thit b vi pht x ca cc my thu/pht sch
tay ( walkie-talkies) (in i sch tay) l s quan tm ch yu, nhng cc ngun khc ca pht x in t cng b cun ht theo , nh
nhng trm pht c nh, cc trm pht v tuyn v truyn hnh ,
nhng trm pht v tuyn ca cc xe v cc ngun in t cng
nghip khc hoc cc ngun gin on.
Nhm t c nhng kt qu c th ti sinh c , th nghim
phi c thc hin trong cc iu kin phng th nghim.
Trng th nghim c sinh ra trong hng ro vy quanh th
nghim phi , trc khi a EUT (thit b trong th nghim ) l mt trng ng nht ca tn s v cng yu cu (cn phi lu trnh cc
sng ng v cc phn x gy nhiu lon)
A.5.1.4 Thit b th nghim / My pht th nghim
V c bn thit b th nghim bao gm nhng phn t sau :
- hng ro vy quanh th nghim ( pht ra trng ng nht)
- ngun tn hiu vi b khuych i
- nhng ng-ten
- thit b o lng
Nhng kiu hng ro th nghim tn ti, nhng mt trong chng
c c bit khuyn ngh i vi trng ng nht ca n .
- Mt phng khng vang c bc thp vi cc kch thc ln nh cn
thit, thch hp vi cc thit b ln ( cc t , v.v...)
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Cc phng php th nghim khc vi cc hn ch c th c s

dng :
- Mt lp t theo trip line ( ng-ten c cc bn song song)
i vi cc thit b nh. N gm c hai bn phiu song song vy
quanh - trong mt b tr tiu chun- mt khong khng gian 80cm x
80cm x 80cm v thch hp i vi thit b t 25cmx25cmx25 cm .
Li ch ca mt mch tripline ( ng-ten c cc bn song song) l
ch n l thit b n gin v r tin. Cc bt li l trng in t
lan rng ra ngoi gii hn ca cc cnh m, n c dng cho t dng
mt chiu ti 150 MHz ;
- Mt phng nh TEM ( Transverse electro magnetic = in t
ngang) c cu to bi mt hp kim loi kn c tit din ch nht. Li
ch ca phng nh TEM so vi tripline l ch m trng in t c
gi nm trong v bao bc v ng nht hn, ci bt li l gi thnh
cao hn. Th tch hu dng thp hn th tch ca mt tripline c
kch thc tng t trong di tn s t dng mt chiu ti 200 MHz .
Vi thit b c th c dng cho EUT c kch thc 1m x 1m x 0,5m
t dng mt chiu ti 5 GHz
( Nhng) My pht tn hiu phi c kh nng bao trm ln di tn
quy nh, c kh nng quyt v mt kh nng iu bin.
A.5.1.5 Cc mc
khc nghit
khuyn ngh Mc
Cng trng th nghim ( V/m)
10
Theo tho thun
Cng trng c cho trc iu bin

Nhng loi sau c th c coi l quy tc chung la chn
nhng mc thch hp:
Loi 1 : Pht x in t mc thp, nh l cc trng c sn ra bi
cc trm pht v tuyn/ truyn hnh a phng cch
hn 1Km v nhng trng hp c sinh ra bi cc my
thu /pht c cng sut thp.
Loi 2 : Pht x in t mc va phi , nh cc trng c
sinh ra bi cc my thu / pht tng i gn thit b nhng khng gn hn 1m
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Loi 3 : Pht x in t khc nghit , nh cc trng c sinh ra

bi cc my thu/ pht k cn thit b.
Loi 4 : Loi m i vi cc v tr cun ht cc mi trng pht x
in t rt khc nghit . Mc ny phi tu thuc vo vic
m phn gia ngi s dng v nh sn xut hoc nh
xc nh c bi nh ch to.
A.5.1.6 Cc lu c lin quan n th tc th nghim

Vic iu bin ca sng mang ang nghin cu.
A.6 Cc th nghim min cm khc

A.6.1 in p tn s cng nghip trn cc ng dy tn hiu
v iu khin
ang xem xt.
A.6.2 in p mt chiu trn cc ng dy iu khin v tn
hiu
ang xem xt
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Ph lc B
( Thng tin )
Cc c tnh i vi th nghim qu truyn dn Cc c th k thut lin quan n nhng th nghim

vi cc qu c truyn dn.
Nhng th nghim min cm ca thit b vi cc nhiu lon qu
c truyn dn i hi vi iu bnh lun cn thit lin quan
n tnh cht v cc c tnh ca nhng qu ny v n thit
b th nghim ..
B.1 Tnh cht v cc c tnh ca nhng qu .
Cc qu c truyn dn c th do nhng tc ng khc
nhau : Cc thao tc ng ct , cc s c trong li , cc hin tng kh
quyn v.v...
V c th c ghp cp thnh thit b nhy cm qua cc ng
khc
c lp vi ngun gc ca chng, nhng qu ny c th c
c trng v c so snh bng vi tham s hoc phng php c bn,
hoc bng biu din trong min thi gian, hoc bng biu din
trong min tn s ( xem IEC 816 )
Nhng c th c trng quan trng nht ca cc qu trong
lnh vc thi gian l :
- tnh cht mt hng hoc dao ng ca qu ;
- bin ;
- khong thi gian;
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- h tt dn ca cc qu dao ng;
- Cng ( in p x thi gian) xung hoc phn lng nng lng ;
- thi gian i ln , ln lt, graien in p cc i dv / dT;
- Tn s lp li
c th khc - khng lin quan n dng qu - l kiu xut
hin:
- theo kiu chung gia cc dy dn ca mt mch v mc tham
kho ;
- theo kiu so lch gia cc dy dn ca mt mch
Tt c nhng yu t ny phi c ch ra trong c im k
thut th nghim .
B.2 Thit b th nghim
Thit b th nghim s phi m phng cng ng cng tt v
theo cch c th ti sinh c , nhng qu xut hin trong cc mng
li hoc trong cc qu tiu biu ca cc hin tng hin c . V
nguyn tc gm ba phn t ( xem hnh B.1) :
- my pht th nghim ;
- cc mch ghp cp/tch cp;
- thit b o lng
My pht th nghim s sinh ra in p (hoc cng ) th

nghim. V c bn tt c nhng my pht th nghim c cng cu
trc v gm c:
-mt ngun dng xoay chiu np in cho mt t in dng lm
ngun nng lng ivi qu .
-mt thit b khi ng m u nhng qu .
N c th c ng b ho vi tn s li in v/hoc c th
hiu chnh v tr ca qu trn sng in p ca li in.
-Mt mch lm bng cc in tr, cc t in v cc cun t cm,
cho qu dng yu cu.
Nhng mch ghp cp/ tch cp c nhiu nhim v:
-Mch ghp cp phi cho php nhng qu c sinh bi my
pht in truyn trn nhng u cc cung cp hoc iu
khin ca EUT v kho (ngn chn) mt nh hng ca tn s
cng nghip hoc cu in p tn hiu trn my pht( nn nh
rng EUT phi lm vic bnh thng trong khi nhng th nghim
min cm);
-Mch tch cp (li lc pha trn) c nhim v ngn chn nhng
qu c a vo khi lan truyn trong li inc u vi
nhng u cc ca EUT ,mt mt nhm hn ch th nghim v
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1000-4-1 @ IEC 1992
- 92
EUT (thit b trong th nghim ),v bo v nhng phn t khng

c th nghim,mt khc nhm trnh mt nh hng ca tr
khng li in ln hnh dng v bin ca qu . Mch tch
cp ny thng c dng cho cc th nghim trong phng th
nghim; nhng khng th c dng cho cc th nghim hin trng.
Cn v thit b o lng, xem IEC 816
Mt c th quan trng ca my pht th nghim v cc mch
ghp cp/ tch cp c kt hp ca n l tr khng ca ngun.
Trong nhng li, khi mt in p qu no c sinh ra bi
mt hin tng gy nhiu lon ,in p thc c t vo thit b
nhy cm do mt phn in p gia tr khng ca thit b v tr
khng ca li nhng tn s c xem xt. Cng hin tng s xy ra
gia tr khng EUT v tr khng ngun ca my pht. Nhm m phng
chinh xc hot ng li in ,tr khng ngun ca my pht s phi tng t vi tr khng li in trong di tn s xem xt. V l do ny,
tr khng ngun ca n l mt c tnh quan trng ca my pht qu
.
Ghi ch: -Nn lu rng thi gian phn on ny ang c vit ra, nhng
trkhng ca li-i vi cc qu , m thit b c ni vi cc qu ny khng c bit y , mt m phng tt hon ton kh khn.
Cn i vi thit b tch cp, thit b ny phi hon thnh

nhiu iu kin khc nghit v d:
-mt s suy gim rt nh i vi tn s cng nghip (ti a 10%)
-mt s gim ngc cao i vi cc qu (v d 40 dB)
-cng in mi (in p nh ln ti 10kV v hn)
-nh hng nh trn dng qu ;
- tuyn tnh ti cc in p v dng in cc i.
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1000-4-1 @ IEC 1992
- 93
-A.C.power supply:Ngun cp xoay chiu; -output: u ra ;-when appropriate Khi

thch hp ,
termination circuit: mch tr v -coupling circuit: mch ghp cp -Measuring
equipment: Thit b o lng
-Transient generator: My pht qu
Hnh B.1-My pht qu - S ca thit b th nghim i vi

cc qu
c truyn dn
B.3- Ph bin -mt
Trong lnh vc tn s, mt qu c th c m t bng mt
ph bin mt nhn c bng mt bin i Fourier. Cc qu
tiu biu c th c c trng bng nhng hnh bao ca ph
bin -mt ca chng .
- i vi cc qu mt hng, c m t trong min thi gian
bng mt phng trnh m kp, nhng hnh bao ny c th c biu
din gn ng bng ba ng thng ( xem cc hnh B.2a v B.2b) :
mt ng thng nm ngang c xc nh bi din tch nm
di ng cong thi gian in p ( v nh vy t l vi bin ca
xung)
mt ng thng xung vi mt dc 1/f bt u tn
s f1 c xc nh bi khong thi gian T ca xung.
mt ng thng xung vi mt dc 1/f 2 bt u tn
s f2 c xc nh bi thi gian i ln t ca xung
- i vi cc sng dao ng tt dn , ph ch ra mt nh
tn s dao ng c bit v mt ng thng xung vi mt
dc 1/f2 trn tn s f2 ( xem hnh B.2c v B.2d)
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1000-4-1 @ IEC 1992
- 94
Amp/litude : bin
Hnh B.2a
Hnh B.2b
Frequency :Tn s
Hnh B.2c
Hnh B.2d
Hnh B.2a : Xung mt hng

Hnh B.2b : Xung dao ng
Hnh B.2c : Hnh bao ca s bin -mt ca mt xung mt hng
Hnh B.2d : Hnh bao ca s bin -mt ca mt xung dao ng
S biu din bng ph tn s c bit hu ch cho nhiu mc tiu ,

v d :
a) so snh nhng qu khc nhau
b) phn tch nh hng ca mt qu cho trn mt EUT c
xem xt n p ng tn s ca ng ghp cp v ng p ng
tn s ca EUT
( Xem hnh B.3)
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1000-4-1 @ IEC 1992

Transient : Qu
:u ra
U(Hz)
- 95
Coupling : Ghp cp
C (Hz)
EUT: thit b
Output
trongth nghim
Hnh B.3- S truyn ca mt qu qua mt phn t ghp cp v

mt
thit b nhy cm (EUT)
c) Ni chung cng nh xc cho php mt thit k thch hp i vi
tt c cc loi thit b v cc c tnh tn s ( cc b lc ghp cp,
cc b lc khov.v...)
d) V c bit iu khin nu nhng c tnh tn s ca mt
thit b th nghim: mch ghp cp, mch tch cp, thit b o lng, khng lm bin dng qu mc qu . Phi lu rng p ng tn
s ca thit b th nghim l thch hp i vi ph tn s quan trng
ca qu .
Transient spectrum :
Ph qu
Frequency characteristies of the test equipment : Cc c tnh tn s ca thit b

th nghim
Hnh B.4- V d so snh s bin mt ca mt qu

v c tnh tn s ca mt phn t thit b th nghim .
( V d mt mch ghp cp)
Hnh 5.a ti B.5f biu th cc s bin mt ca tt c
nhng qu m mt th nghim c khuyn ngh v nhng qu
trong tiu chun ny . Ch rng nhm cho php so snh cc
phn lng tn s ca chng, tt c nhng s ny u tham
chiu theo mt bin cc i ca nh 1KV.
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1000-4-1 @ IEC 1992
- 96
Hnh B.5 a, b, c - Cc ph bin - mt ca cc qu th

nghim
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1000-4-1 @ IEC 1992
- 97
Ring wave = Cc sng hnh sin tt dn
Damped scillatory wave : sng dao ng tt dn

Hnh B.5 d, e - Ph bin mt ca cc qu th nghim
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1000-4-1 @ IEC 1992
- 98
Burst pulse : Xung hng lot
Hnh B.5f - Ph mt bin ca cc qu nhanh
____________
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- 99
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1000-4-1 @ IEC 1992

1000-4-1 @ IEC 1992

1. Phm vi p dng v mc tiu..............................................................8

1000-4-1 @ IEC 1992

A.2.6 Cc in p cm ng cao tn (th nghim tm thi).................52

1000-4-1 @ IEC 1992

U Ban k thut in quc t

Tiu chun Quc t IEC 1000-4-1 c son tho bi tiu ban

Cc thng tin y v b phiu tn thnh tiu chun ny c

1000-4-1 @ IEC 1992

Cc ph lc A v B ch c tnh thng tin.

1000-4-1 @ IEC 1992

IEC 1000-4 l mt phn ca mt b IEC 1000, theo cu trc

Phn 1: Tng qut

1000-4-1 @ IEC 1992

Phn on ny l mt tiu chun quc t cho mt tng

1000-4-1 @ IEC 1992

Tnh tng hp in t ( EMC)

1. Phm vi p dng v mc tiu

1000-4-1 @ IEC 1992

IEC 521: 1988 , Cng t in xoay chiu hu cng cp chnh

1000-4-1 @ IEC 1992

IEC 801-3: 1984 , Tnh tng hp in t i vi thit b o lng

1000-4-1 @ IEC 1992

IEC 1000-4-X : Tnh tng hp in t (EMC)- Phn 4 : Cc k

1000-4-1 @ IEC 1992

Nhm trnh hoc gim nh hng ca vn ny , nhiu u ban

3.2. Nhng nhn xt sau nn c c bit lu :

1000-4-1 @ IEC 1992

3.3 Tiu chun ny p dng cho :

Cc li h p cung cp in cng cng , nh v thng

Cc li h p cung cp in cng nghip.

Cc li iu khin h p ca cc cng trnh cng cng v

Ghi ch : Tiu chun ny p dng cho cc thit b c ngun c lp

- Cc nhiu lon c truyn dn v c bc x xut hin di dng

Cc nhiu lon in tnh

Phn on ny c dng bao trm cc th nghim c p

1000-4-1 @ IEC 1992

nghim ny lun lun c thc hin vi thit b khng c ni vi

Nhiu lon in t: Bt k mt hin tng in t no c th

Mc tng hp in t: Mc nhiu lon in t cc i c quy

min cm (vi mt nhiu): Kh nng ca mt thit b , trang

Mc min cm: Mc cc i ca mt nhiu lon in t cho

1000-4-1 @ IEC 1992

nhy cm (in t): S khng c kh nng ca mt thit b ,

EUT : vit tt ca thit b chu th nghim (Equipment

Qu : Ni v hoc nh danh v mt hin tng hoc mt

- Thi gian ca on i ln gia 10% v 90% ca gi tr nh

1000-4-1 @ IEC 1992

Tuy nhin nn ch ti mt s tht l, mc nhiu lon theo phn

1000-4-1 @ IEC 1992

- 17 Conventional value: Gi tr quy c

Hnh 1- Quan h gia cc mc khc

5.2 Cc qu c truyn dn v cc nhiu lon cao tn .

Cc xung in p 100/1300 s ( s chy cu tr);

Cc xung (in p) 1,2/50 s - ( dng) 8/20 s

Cc lot xung in p qu nhanh (n 5/50 ns)

Cc sng hnh sin tt dn

(0,5 s /100 KHz )

1000-4-1 @ IEC 1992

5.3 Cc phng in tnh in

5.4 . Cc nhiu lon t

T trng tn s cng nghip;