Solution for Online Homework 1 Electric Charge and Introduction to Devices

Solution to Online Homework Problem 1.1(Number of Electrons on a Pith Ball)

Problem: The pith ball you will charge in lab develops a charge of about 1.00nC. How many electrons were
transferred off the pith ball?
Select One of the Following:
(a) 6.00 1017
(b-Answer) 6.24 109
(c) 6.02 1014
(d) 1.10 1021
(e) 6.24 1018
Solution
The number of electrons is the charge divided by the charge of an electron,
N=

Q
= 6.24 109
|e|

Total Points for Problem: 3 Points

Solution to Online Homework Problem 1.2(Electrons in Quantum Dot)

Problem: A quantum dot has a radius of approximately 5nm. If the dot is made of silicon (Si), the mass of the
dot is 1.2 1021 kg. How many total electrons are in the dot? The atomic mass of silicon is 28g/mole and the
atomic number is 14. Dont forget to convert grams to kilograms.
Select One of the Following:
(a-Answer) 3.6 105 electrons
(b) 2.8 107 electrons
(c) 9.1 109 electrons
(d) 7.7 1015 electrons
(e) 8.3 1021 electrons
Solution
(a) Number of Atoms: The number of moles, n, of Si is the mass divided by the atomic mass,
n=

1.2 1018 g
= 4.357 1020 moles
28g/mole

Each mole contains Avogadros number of atoms, so the number of atoms, N , is

N = nNA = (6.022 1023 )(4.357 1020 moles) = 2.624 104 atoms
(b) Number of Electrons: The atomic number of silicon is Z = 14 which means there are 14 electrons per
atom. Therefore the number of electrons, Ne , is
Ne = N Z = (2.624 104 atoms)(14) = 3.6 105 electrons
Total Points for Problem: 3 Points

Solution to Online Homework Problem 1.3(Charge of a Ring)

Problem: A thin ring (a thin circular hoop) has radius 9mm and linear charge density around its edge of
0.03C/m. What is the total charge of the hoop in Coulombs?
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Select One of the Following:

(a) 2.0 109 C
(b) 7.0 106 C
(c-Answer) 1.7 109 C
(d) 3.8 108 C
(e) 1.1 107 C
Solution
The total charge of the thin ring is the charge density multiplied by the circumference Q = L, where is is the
charge density and L is the circumference, L = 2r. Substituting these quantities gives a total charge
Q = L = 2r = 2(9mm)(0.03C/m) = 1.7 109 C
Total Points for Problem: 3 Points

Solution to Online Homework Problem 1.4(Newton II - Calculate Acceleration from

Force)
Problem: A particle of mass m is subject to a force F~ . What is the acceleration of the particle?
Select One of the Following:
(a) 0
(b) m
(c) F~
(d-Answer) F~ /m
(e) mF~
Solution
The force is related to the acceleration by Newtons Second Law F~ = m~a. Substituting the Lorentz force and
centripetal acceleration gives
mv 2
.
Fm = |q|vB = mac =
r
Total Points for Problem: 3 Points

Solution to Online Homework Problem 1.5(Behavior of Electrons in a Charging Process)

Problem: During a process where an object is electrically charged, physically what generally happens to produce
the net charge?
Select One of the Following:
(a-Answer) Electrons are transferred from or to the charged object.
(b) Protons are transferred from or to the charged object.
(c) Neutrons are transferred from or to the charged object.
Solution
They are moved from one place to another.
Total Points for Problem: 3 Points
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Solution to Online Homework Problem 1.6(The Majority of Charged Matter in the

Universe)
Problem: What two elementary particles make up the vast majority of charged matter in the universe?
Select One of the Following:
(a) helium and iron
(b) photons and electrons
(c-Answer) protons and electrons
(d) protons and neutrons
(e) heat and light
Solution
Protons and electrons account for the majority of charged matter in the universe. (Actually, hydrogen - a proton
with a single electron - accounts for about 90% of all matter in the universe.)
Total Points for Problem: 3 Points

Solution to Online Homework Problem 1.7(Experimental Support for: The Existance

of Multiple Types of Charge)
Problem: Which of the following describes an experiment that demonstrates that there are at least two different
types of charge?
Select One of the Following:
(a) Rub one pair of rods made of the same material - for example, glass - with felt. Observe that the glass rods
repel one another.
(b-Answer) Charge a pair each of glass and rubber rods by rubbing them with felt. Observe that that (1) the
glass rods repel each other, (2) the glass rods attract the rubber rods, and (3) the rubber rods repel each
other.
(c) Select two pairs of different kinds of rods - for example, glass and rubber - and rub the rods with felt.
Observe that all of the rods repel one another.
(d) Select two pairs of different kinds of rods - for example, glass and rubber - and rub the rods with felt.
Observe that all of the rods attract one another.
Solution
Certain materials become electrically charged after they are rubbed with other materials. Two rods of similar type,
prepared in the same fashion - by rubbing with felt - will repel one another. Two different rods, also prepared in
the same fashion, will both repel one another and attract the first two rods. These two distinctive behaviors are
the evidence required for determining that there are at least two types of charge.
Total Points for Problem: 3 Points

Solution to Online Homework Problem 1.8(Creation of Charge)

Problem: A farmer claims to have built a machine that manufactures charge. The machine is a huge thing
sitting on the ground in the middle of a field and produces 1C every minute. What can you conclude about the
system?
Select One of the Following:
(a) Electrons are being created in the device.
(b) Electrons are being destroyed in the device.
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(c) Neutrons are being created in the device.

(d) Neutrons are being destroyed in the device.
(e-Answer) Charge is being transferred from somewhere else by the device and is not actually created by the
device.
Solution
Charge is absolutely conserved in all processes. If the machine appears to manufacture charge, it must be getting
the charge from somewhere. The most likely location is the earth, and so the machine is most probably transferring
charge from the earth.
Total Points for Problem: 3 Points

Solution to Online Homework Problem 1.9(Charge of Electrons in Oxygen)

Problem: Sixteen grams of oxygen contain Avogadros number of atoms, with each atom having eight protons
and eight electrons. How many coulombs, Q, of positive charge are there in the protons of 1.0kg of oxygen?
Select One of the Following:
(a-Answer) 4.8 107 C
(b) 5.2 1015 C
(c) 5.4 105 C
(d) 1.7 109 C
(e) 2.0 106 C
Solution
Total Number of moles of oxygen atoms, n,

1mole
1 103 g
= 62.5atoms
n=
1kg
16g
Total Number of Atoms of oxygen is the number of moles multiplied by Avogadross number , N = nNA ,
N = (62.5atoms)(6.022 1023 ) = 3.76 1025 atoms
There are eight protons per atom, so the total number of protons is
Np = 8N = 3.01 1026 protons
Each proton has a charge of +e,
Q = N e = (3.01 1026 protons)(1.602 1019 C) = 4.8 107 C
Total Points for Problem: 3 Points

Solution to Online Homework Problem 1.10(Computing Total Charge of Cylinder with

Volume Charge Density)
Problem: A cylinder of radius 1.5mm and height 13cm has a volume charge density of about 0.40 106 C/m3 .
What is the total charge of the cylinder?
Select One of the Following:
(a) Q = 3.3 105 C
(b-Answer) Q = 3.7 1013 C
(c) Q = 6.5 105 C
(d) Q = 1.2 1013 C
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(e) Q = 5.7 1012 C

Solution
Calculate the total volume, then find the charge: The volume of the cylinder is found by V = r2 h, where
r is the radius and h is the height.The total charge of a cylinder containing a charge density is
Q = V = r2 h = (0.0015m)2 (0.13m)(0.40 106 C/m3 ),
so
Q = 5.8 1019 C.
Total Points for Problem: 3 Points