Thanks

internship report

He is very in heart of testifying my gratitude and my

most sincere thanks to all those who have helped me well
lead to its end this internship and without which I have not
had the chance to perform this task.
Quote: in head Mr.BEN HAJ ABDELMAJID
Director
of
maintenance
thanks
to
guidance
Mr.LAAROUSSI
HATEM,
MR.GORBEJ
ABDERAZEK, Mr.DERBEL SAMI and the entire team
of maintenance for their Valour property and for the
valuable advice that he provided me and for their
treatment preferred in my regard and for the services they
have rendered me still.
Not to mention, all persons who contributed far or
meadows, the execution of my internship, or the " BG
Tunisia ", orISET, the Director to the head of Department
and also all my teachers who helped me to succeed this
internship.
I would also like to point out, the happiness it me has
been conferred by this stage of all the experiences I have
acquired.

SUMMARY
Summary
1. Introduction
2. The company BG Tunisia:
-BG group
-BG Tunisia
-Site map
-Chart of BG
3. The security to the company:
-Safety of employers

-The work permit

-Safety of environment
-Prohibition
4. The gas processing:
-Plan of AREAS
-Slug Catcher (D_0102)
-Removal of H2S and CO2
-Regeneration acid gauze sulphur
-Extraction of nitrogen
5 Maintenance:
-General maintenance
-The hierarchy
-Maintenance management
-Types of maintenance
6. The electrical system:
-Introduction
-Production of electricity
7. The 0702B compressor:
-Definition
-Principle of operation
-Compressor components
-Protection of the compressor
-L' element attached to the compressor
-Maintain a failure on all levels
Conclusion
Annex

Introduction

MytrainingProfessional, I took a training course named technician

internship in society " BG Tunisia : Hannibal site" in the Department
of maintenance.

This internship is an indispensable element has the formation of the

student it allows him to work and test its analytical and practical
capabilities because it is still in various applications and new
knowledge.
It also allows him to make the analogy between the theory and the
practice, and especially to know the distribution work and different
spots, between services are the maintenance department.
Personally I noticed that all these points seem clear especially in a
society as the " BG Tunisia ." .
Why I made this internship at the company who gave me the
opportunity to do a second internship.

The company BG Tunisia

Has the company: " BG Group ".

"BG Group" is considered one of the most important companies

and the most exprimentes in the world gas-based energy. Its activities
extend exploration to the industrial and domestic use while passing
through the operation and distribution.
"BG Group" is the name of the British group to the what is BG
Tunisia.BGTL is one of the most famous oil company in the world in
the field of extraction and exploitation of natural gas.BGTL activity
extends to all aspects of the industry of gas, ranging from exploration
and production, storage and distribution to the production of energy.
Around the world BG Group works in partnership with
Governments and with other company in the field of energy to
develop gas markets. Leader in the research and the gas also provided
society services technology Council and assistance around the world.
B company: " BG Tunisia ."

The Tunisian subsidiary of BG group was created in

1988 suites to the acquisition of the interests of the American oil
company TENNECO in Tunisia .c ' is the company which owned the
largest areas for exploration with the total surface area is about equal

to 3500 m.Thus, BG is considered Ace days, foreign investor the

biggest and provides 80% of total demand for gas in Tunisia.It
consists of two main parts:
1. THE MISKAR PLACE:
In
1989 the Miskar deposit was
acquired by BGTL following its
discovery in 1975, located at 125
Km off the coast of the Gulf of
Gabes at a depth of 62 m of water
below the Mediterranean 'Miskar' deposit, as well as other
neighbouring deposits, rallying the area of 352 km2, it contain 11
wells. The deposit of Miskar squestrerait during the lifetime of a
product evaluated by
a study of estimate by the company at a rate filling more than 20
billion m3 of gas, a threshold of autonomy of gas satisfactory
periodic consumption of 10 years of the Tunisia.
" Offshore " of Miskar facilities are three platforms set in the
Mediterranean; a flat form of housing, another production and a third
flare.
The gas produced is sent by a "pipeline" submarine 125 Km to be
treated at the plant " Hannibal " which is the second part.
2 Composition of gas:
Composition
of
the
gas
from
Miskar

Composition of
marketed gas

N2

15.01%

5.9%

CO2

13.58%

0.044%

Methane

65.94%

87.05%

Ethane

3.62%

4.6%

Propane
ISO-Butane

1.3%
1.02%

0.157%

Butane

0.2358%

0.3454%

ISO-Pentane

0.1123%

0.157%

Pentane

0.1059%

0.1127%

C6 +

0.129%

0.154%

BTU's

1095

H2S

1 39ppm

COS

0.313%

0.113%

Total sulfide

3. THE HANNIBAL SITE:

The site "Hannibal" is located on the road from Gabs to 21 Km of
Sfax city, it includes the following structures: (in order of area and
vital)
-Production plant.
-Control room.
-The Assembly area "Muster point."
-The store.
-Auxiliary spaces.
-L'administration.
-The restaurant.

-Area smoker " Smoking Area ". .

Site

map:

Flowchart of BG:

The security BG
Security in society 'BG Tunisia' and one of the important rule, it takes
place before production. "Safety First ". .
BG Tunisia works a decrease accidents it insists on the security of the
employers also that she is interested in the security of the
environment.

Security personnel and environment in society takes place before the

production of the gas which the field of this great company.

1 / SECURITY OF THE EMPLOYERS:

BG Tunisia remains to his employers of information security.
The employers are obliged to make the recycling as they are received
practical courses on first aid accident as they are able to use the fire
extinguishers.
No one has the right to enter the society without a swap and a badge.
The visit of the site still requires to have:
-Headphones
-A combination
-Safety shoes
-Muffs
-Gloves
-Aglasses

2/Le work permits:PTW(allowed to work):

In BG Tunisia society no one has the right to perform surgery without

a permit of work given by the control room. This permit is a very
clever way that presents the ideal security has him working so it
presents the different steps of work. It contains the non-technician
who will work, a certificate of insulation if necessary and a key to a
locker in the room of the electric commands (switch room )).
Examples of a permit of work:

3/SECURITY ENVIRONMENT :

BG Tunisia is certified under the ISO 14001 environmental protection

standard by Miskar asset, it always seeks to eliminate operations
which disturb the environment such as water, Earth, and the sea.

Certification by the ISO

14001 standard

4/Ban:
Being present on the site of the plant it is strictly forbidden to smoke:

Smoking

Use a digital camera:

-Computer
-Diagnostic digital tools
-Radio receiver transmitter
-Mobile phone
-Calculator

THE TREATMENT OF GAS

Plan of CITES the plant by 'AREAS' of productions

The distribution by the "Areas" of the treatment

process:
Area 01: Station of scraping and of condensate.
Area 02: Stabilization of condensate.
Area 03: System of acid gas.
Area 04: Unit of sulphur.
Area 05: Glycol unit.
Area 06: Molecular sieve.
Area 07: Extraction of nitrogen unit.
Area 08: Ramp metering of gas.
Area 09: Torch.

1/Slug Catcher (D-0102):

Gas

Condensate

He designed the separation of the two phases (gas &

liquefied) equipment.
Formed by implantation of a tube length of a length equal to
the width of the fields in long site, the system operates
under the theory of density, is that the less dense fluid (gas)
to evacuates first place by the high point of the tube, leaving
stagnate the fluid along the tube which by this rest if car

stabilizes, thus following his aspiration to the low point of

the tube.
This line is characterized by a capacity of 1191 m.

2/Removal of acid gases (H2S and CO2) :

This elimination is running two identical trains Amine

contact (T-0301A/T-0301B), using a solution of 50% water and
50% of MDEA (methyl-diethano-lamine) undergoing filtration
eliminating of particles of condensate incorporated.
The gas enters the lower part of the train, by his meeting of the
Amine solution it regenerates and continues cleaning by its
passage in the system 'Water Wash' consists of four trays
recuperator of the solution from Amine with the gas escaping by
the upper part of the train unit 5
After heating the solution is transfer in ** the Stripper Amine
** regenerating embedded Amine as acid gases (H2S and CO2)
will be cooled and passed to the unit4.

3/Regeneration of acid gas suffers :

By its passage of **The Stripper Amine** to the "S.R.U

(Sulfur Recovery Unit)", acid gas deals by a passage by **
Knock out drum' **D-0401**, eliminating the rest of builtin Amine solution, this gas depleted, and is transmitted to
the tank **TK-0406 ** equipped with two following units:
-A first absorption, sends back and jammed all traces
of H2S in the oxidant for the S2-.
-A second of anti-oxidation, prevents the appearance
of deposits in the tank.
The solution obtained passes in tank TK-0407 to be pumped
to Vacuum Bed FilterF-0401' where separation solid-liquid
phase will be executed thus opting to of suffering in a solid
state.

4/Extraction of nitrogen :
Gas thus obtained has a fairly rich in nitrogen
composition to allow its marketing. Why this excess will
follow a phase of suppression by a special unit of
rinjections of nitrogen fractionation ' Fractionator T-0701'
operative under low temperature very close to - 185 C,
temperatures are obtained by exchangers
(E-0705 - E-0706).
Playing on the curve of gas liquefaction, which in
-185 Cliquefies, leaving then the nitrogen gaseous.
From this phase, it ensures a marketable gas receiving,
sent after compression to counts and sales for export
(STEG) units as well as for power generating turbines of the
autonomy power to the plant.

MAINTENANCE
A / General maintenance:
1. Introduction:

The procedure of maintenance in an oil field, requires a

significant maintenance structure, given the sensitivity of

the area and the extent of its production, develop probable

failure criteria and showing the steps to follow that are
clipped to the identification of solutions optimal to best
assess the problem and therefore its removal.
2 Definition of maintenance:

"Set of actions to maintain or return equipment to a

specified State or unable to provide a particular
service".
3 Concept of maintenance:

Maintenance includes all the activities required to keep in

a given condition, equipment, or back in optimal conditions
of its operation in the production process.
Then, three types are distinguished:
1 -Preventive maintenance
2 -Corrective maintenance
3 -Enhancement maintenance

B /
The

hierarchy :
C/maintenance management;
1 - The GMAO software "MAXIMO":

" MAXIMO " software provides a comprehensive

management system of maintenance with advice and orders
assigned to the various technical objects (equipment,
process, stakeholders) maintenance service. Its use is
evolving and improves the performance of the activities of
maintenance through the following three important tools:

1 - analysis of maintenance costs

2 - analysis of reliability
3 - failure analysis
2-Structure of the software ". MAXIMO :

"MAXIMO" software includes:

1 - The management of equipment
2 - Work management
3 - The management of stakeholders
4 - Budget management

D/Types of Maintenance :
1. Preventive maintenance:

Maintenance performed at intervals pre-determined or

according to criteria prescribed and to reduce the probability
of failure of the operation of a well. It helps improve the
reliability of the equipment and the quality of the products.
This preventive maintenance translates into the definition of
plans of actions and interventions on the equipment, the
replacement of parts in the process of degradation to limit
wear, lubrication or regular cleaning of certain sets.

These preventive actions are conducted:

Conditional maintenance :

It allows very accurate surveillance, monitoring of failure

where to wear and therefore plan an intervention before the
total failure where partial, conditional maintenance is based on
the visit, the inspection and control.
Visit :

This is a surveillance operation occurring as part of

preventive maintenance. It may consist of a review detailed
and extensive part or all of the monitoring system.
Control:
This operation to aim to check criteria or data set. It is
fully established audit references database.
Inspection:
It is an examination carried out for the purpose of
monitoring during an inspection, it is possible to monitor,
without intervening, a known defect and in time.
Systematic maintenance :

On a schedule planned and established, this type of

intervention to perform maintenance operations, to eliminate
the risk of malfunction of production systems.
Breeding maintenance :

After several failures of the same nature, this type of

maintenance allows after reflection and study, to eliminate the
problem. It requires a consultation between the production
department, the Office of study and maintenance service.
2 Corrective maintenance:

Corrective maintenance interventions speakers after total

or partial system failure, dysfunctions are accidental and
interventions are in the form of troubleshooting where repair.
Troubleshooting:
This unplanned action to intervene after a malfunction, it
to for objective to produce interim State system,
troubleshooting action will be followed by a (final) remedy.
Repair:
This final intervention, after a failure, to provide an
element of a system in operation.

The electrical system

1. Introduction:
HANNIBAL electrical energy is generated by two groups of
which are connected in parallel gas turbine and a group diesel
generator, connected to a generator.
Within the plant energy is distributes to engines of power 3
7MW to power less 150MW and mtco2, except engines
submerged pumps.All engines are controlled by the DCS
(distributed control system).For engines of power or less 1.
7MW, cables are extended from the departure of the control
center respective each engine via railways and cable lines,
while for compressors de3.7MW engines, energy is taken from
the table of distribution 11KV through an underground pipe.

2 Electricity generation:
** Gas turbines:
Definition:
The turbine is a rotary engine that converts the energy of a
stream of water, steam or gas to mechanical energy. More
generally, it is a body for the relaxation of a fluid in collecting
energy mechanical form.
The basis of a turbine is a wheel or a rotor vane, propeller,
blades, blades or tipping arranged around its circumference, so
that the fluid in motion has a tangential force that rotates the
wheel and gives energy. This energy
mechanics is then transmitted by a shaft that rotates a motor,
compressor, generator, or a propeller. There are hydraulic, or
water turbines, steam turbines and gas turbines. In common
parlance, the term turbine means an energy production facility,
the turbine is sometimes composed of several floors. Today,
turbine generators produce most of the electric power in the
world.
-Operation of gas turbines:

** Group diesel generator "emergency generator":

It is rare as a generator be used alone. It is usually coupled
to a power grid, consisting of a large number of alternator
connected between them and to the different load by
transformers and lines.
The coupling of this generator on the network is a delicate
operation, it must achieve vacuum to avoid all current sharp
exchanges which would produce a mechanical shock can
damage the rotor. For this you must complete the following
conditions:
-Equal effective tensions for coupling to the network.
-Equal tension generators and network frequencies.
-The phases of the generator and the network matches.

Compressors

1 Definition :
The compressor, or air pump, is a machine that reduces the
volume and increases the pressure of an amount of air by
mechanical means. Thus compressed air has a high potential
energy: when you remove the external pressure, the air
expands rapidly. The expansion of compressed air force has
many applications. For example it is the driving force of the
engines and tools air hammers and pneumatic perforators,
sanding machines and paint sprayers.
2-Principle of operation (compresseur0702B):
When rotor compressor wheels rotating at high speed, they
transmit energy in the air or in the gauze circulating.The
arrival of the gauze is carried out at the level of the volute of
entry (suction) of the compressor where they flow in the inlet
guide vanes on the first floor, leader the gauze axially in a
suitable way to the entrance of the wheel of the first floor.
By centrifugal force, the gauze are pushed at high speed to the
periphery of the wheels.The gauze then flow in an annular
passage located between wall of aspiration and the diaphragm
of the first floor, the passage is diverging, to convert a part of
the energy of the gauze, it created by the speed, pressure
energy.The gauze is then flowing in the labyrinth of return
through a passage annular Riverboat, located in the
diaphragm, the vanes on the second floor and wheels.After a
consecutive number of compression stages, the gauze flow in
the volute of rejection of the compressor.
3-Composition of compressor (0702B) :
** Centrifugal compressor of diesel fuel type : consists of two
bodies of compression:
-A compressor type low pressure 2 M 7 horizontal joint plan,
contains a single section of compression 7 wheels.Rotor
configuration "Straight-thru" is composed of 7 initiators of
welded forged steel construction.

-A compressor high pressure type 661 B 5 4 vertical joint plan,

includes two sections of compression to five and four
wheels.Rotor configuration "back to back" is composed of
new impulses of welded forged steel construction.
** Compressor crankcase : is a monoblock forged steel
cylinder that contains the internal static set and equipped
rotor.Enter the pipes fed by installing client and attached to the
housing by studs and nuts.The seals are contained in
corresponding gorges, routes in the casing and pipe flange, in
order to avoid leakage of gas in these points.
** Rotor equipped with : consists of a tree on which are
assembled wheels, wheel spacers, the way to mating.
** Static all internal : is built around the rotor and consists of
rings of entry, the vanes, return curves, of the diaphragms and
the wall of division.
** Joints mazes inter storey : installed in the inlet guide vanes,
diaphragms and the wall of division.Joints are halved and are
replaceable, the space between the labyrinths, wheels and
spacers is reduced to limit leaks of gas between the areas of
pressure of discharge and suction on wheels.
** Aspiration funds : are embedded in the compressor and set
housing axially by shear and retaining rings involved in
annular gorges at each end of the crankcase bore.
** Oil sealing sets internal : are installed in the funds of
aspiration, has hand external ends of the internal static whole.
Gasket sets are designed to avoid any leakage of gas in the
levels box.
** Bearings : are the type to hinged skates, and include a steel
shell and five face regulated, skates that switch to form an oil
film similar to the runners of the thrust bearing. Bearings fitted
with, divided in two along the horizontal axis are goujonns
and bolted on the funds of aspiration.

** Levels of stop : is of the type "Michell", with several Skate

swivel separately from each side of the disc to stop.The thrust
of the rotor is normally directed towards the end of the
compressor suction.
** Speed multiplier : is installed between the two bodies of
compression, it is equipped with instruments of measures and
protections:
-11sondes temperature type (pt100); eight on radial bearings
(2par level) and three on level fence.
-7 thermometers type "Dial".
-a set of sensors of vibration type non-contact, associated with
the "BENTLY NEVADA" 3300 series vibration monitoring
system.
** The lubricating system : common to the pumping system
and the multiplier is.
** Mechanical trim :
Dfinition :

Gas sealing system is produced by gas (John Crane type 28AT

potentials) fillings.
A mechanical gasket to ensure with a maximum of reliability
mechanisms sealing the most various in more difficult as
operating conditions: high pressure 150bar high temperature
400 C, high speed 10000tr/min, large-diameter500mm.
Principe :

The principle of the trim is to ensure the seal between two

blocks one fixed the other turning point. Specifically it is
invented to cover a wide range of operating parameters and
requires virtually no maintenance, it is recommended to
monitor and record daily leakage flows.
The different types of fillings :
During the internship I met two types of filling:
-Simple trim: designed for the low pressure and liquid
dangerous name.

-Trim double: designed for high pressure and hazardous

products such as the amine and the glycol.
Composition :
The filling consists of a face enclosed by an o-ring, carbon
all housed in a casing in stainless steel. This last includes
Springs plate carbon surfaces on a seat in turning carbon fixed
on the shaft.
The stages of Assembly and disassembly of the trim :
-Installation of the trim is to:
-The ring static carbide with its joint and the circlipse in
the body of the trim.
-L' static together in the shirt.
-The Rotary carbide ring with his joint.
-The ring in stainless steel + hold shows with his home +
circlipse.
-The shirt in the body (screw with the 4 screws).
-L' Rotary together in the shirt (tighten the 3 screws).
-The dismantling of the trim is to follow the reverse path
of the Assembly.
** Mating : are three planned matings:
-A coupling between the motor and the BP of the
compressor body.
-Coupling between the BP of the compressor and the
multiplier.
-Coupling between the multiplier and the HP of the
compressor body.
4-Protection of compressor : each compressor body includes:
-A set of vibration sensors consisting of:
two probes radial X - Y 90 on each radial level.
two axial probes on the active side of each thrust with one
connected to the monitor.
-A "Key phasor" to use a portable reading device.

-Eight type RTD PT100 temperature probe willing, a

double by level, and a double of each side of the stop.
5 - The element attached to the compressor :
(le_moteur_lectrique):
The compressor is driven by a three-phase asynchronous
motor nameplate characteristics are the following:
A = 6, 6 KV
IN = 150 A
Cos. = 0, 9
N = 1493 RPM
Pu = 932 KW
PA =
U cos I =
x 6, 6 x 103x 150 x 0.9
= 1543257 W
1 - the motor control circuit:
Electric motor control circuit is fed through a transformer
6 6KV / 220V.
The mode of engine control is selected by a switch with
two positions:
The command is automatic if the switch is on the A
position.
The command is manually if the switch is on the PM
position.
On pressing the button (s), the coil of the contactor will be
excited and the engine starts.
The stop of the engine control is by: the button of shutdown,
the shutdown button (s), (2-3) contact of the relay contact (2930) and the relay.
2 - circuit of engine power:
Power of the motor circuit is fed by 6.6 KV and it
includes:
-A switch disconnect
-A multilin protection relays

-Three intensity 150/5A transformers.

6 - Maintaining a blackout on the levels of compressor
(0702B) :
Earlier this year the maintenance department is to send the
0702B compressor to CANADA to test the games between
organs and characteristics.And when it arrives and mount it, it
has seen a large or operation to the empty state of gas (not
started).
This phenomenon gives a unbalanced of the initiators and
the blades and replacement of centre gravitate to the rotating
shaft and the overheating then the detection of vibration.
Limit of vibration, the compressor is judgment and valves
close automatically, then the failure is detected at the level of
the levels will report to the control room to inform the
Department maintenance (electrical or mechanical).
After the development of work permits: electrical service
is the compressor 0702B motor electrical insulation,
mechanical service made three four days of minimize the
games between the shaft and the levels by the surface
correction table and test each time virtually and by table
monitor, finally, the compressor runs normal for a good game
(18_19) 10mm.

CONCLUSION
Indeed during this internship, I had the opportunity to
work with a team that helped me to understand and collect
any information given and presented in my report.
For a period of a month I noticed that BG is a company
well organizes their work method and gives great
importance in their field of activity to accuracy, the safety
of the staff and the reliability of the projects.
In conclusion, this work gave me the opportunity to learn
and adapt strongly with professional life meadows.I can
confirm that my internship allowed me to discover the

various technological types in BG Tunisia society, offered

me an opportunity to confront my knowledge.

ANNEX
NEW MECHANICAL TRIM:

GASKETS MECHANICAL DAIFALLANTS:

TABLE OF MONITOR TO SEALING

BEARING AIR GAS SEPARATOR

THE INITIATORS OF COMPRESSOR ROTOR

FLOW REGULATOR