Application of Remote Sensing for Drinking Water Security Planning

Mulbagal Taluk, Kolar District.

Presented by

Dr. K. Ashoka Reddy

Scientist , KSRSAC

Karnataka State Remote Sensing Applications Centre

Dept. of IT & BT, GOK
Bangalore

INTRODUCTION
Mulbagal taluk is located between :
North Latitude130 011 3011 to 130 211 4511
East Longitude780151 1511 to 780 351 0011

Mulbagal Taluk at a Glance

SL No
1

ITEM

STATISTICS

GENERAL INFORMATION
I) Geographical Area

823 (Sq.Kms)

ii) Administrative Divisions

Mulbagal

No of Panchayat/villages

30/343

iii) Population (as per 2011 census)

259008

iv) Average annual Rainfall

759mm

2
GEOMORPHOLOGY

Major physiographic units

Major Drainages

LAND USE

a) Forest Area

2122 (Hectares)

b) Net Area Sown

44922 (Hectares)

MAJOR SOIL TYPES

1.Sandy loam
2.Sandy clay loam
3.Clay
4.Rock outcrops

AREA UNDER PRINCIPAL CROPS (ha)

Ragi

12316

Paddy

2109

Maize

219

Oil seeds

7203

Pulses

4594

Vegetables

8894

Fruits

16298

Sericulture
IRRIGATION BY DIFFERENT SOURCES (ha)

2324

Dug wells
Bore wells
Tanks
Canals
Other Sources
Lift Irrigation
Net Area Irrigated

6501 ha (14661 borewells)

6713 ha (663 tanks)
13214 (29.42%)

No .of Ground Water structures

Domestic BW
Piped water supply
Mini water supply
Hand Pumps

476
148
278
50

NUMBER OF GROUND WATER

MONITORING WELLS OF DMG
Dug wells

Piezometers

14

PREDOMINANT GEOLOGICAL
FORMATIONS

Peninsular Gneisses complex

(Granite, Gneisses and kolar
schist

HYDROGEOLOGY
Major water bearing formations

Weathered and
fractured Granite,
Gneisses and Schist
Long term water level trend (2002-2011) in m per See the Graph
year
10

GROUND WATER QUALITY

Presence of chemical constituents more than
permissible limits

Fluoride, Nitrate and

Total Hardness

Type of water

Potable (56.32%)

11

12

DYNAMIC GROUND WATER RESOURCES

(2009) IN ham
Annual replenishable ground water resource
Net annual ground water draft
Projected demand for Domestic and
Industrial use up to 2025
Stage of ground water Development (%)

4420 ham
8895 ham
515 ham

MAJOR GROUND WATER PROBLEMS AND

ISSUES

Declining Ground Water level

and failure of shallow bore
wells need for augmenting
the Ground water Resource
by artificial recharge
structures for sustainable
development.
Increase in Fluoride and
Nitrate concentrations
causing health hazards.

201% of resource

Watershed Map

Land use/ Land cover

Soil

Geology

Weathered Zone
Fractured Zone
Lineaments Zone

57K/8

Rainfall Data
Season

Normal Rainfall
(mm)

Pre Monsoon

146

(Jan to May)
South West Monsoon

371

(June to Sept)
North East Monsoon

242

(Oct to Dec)
Annual

759

Annual Rainfall Pattern for Mulbagal Taluk, Kolar District

1600
1500

1453

1400
1302

1300

918
878
860

871
836
824
786
778

800
643

607

605

600

883

858

619
578

664
649
631 634

466
343

863

820
777 794
746
720
672

993

529

512 507

821

676

600589
590574
564
535549

732

624
618

589 584
464

807 821
787
766.0

738

666

640
559

903

824
789

808

806

722 709
676 676

712

661

439
345

910

759

728

602

949

888
878
859 868 864

842

829

801

1050

949

937

928

746

531

500
400

941

707

695

700

1076

981

1000
831

1087

1061
1017

1050
999

900

1172

1137

496
442

521

627
552

319

300
200
100
0
1901
1903
1905
1907
1909
1911
1913
1915
1917
1919
1921
1923
1925
1927
1929
1931
1933
1935
1937
1939
1941
1943
1945
1947
1949
1951
1954
1956
1958
1960
1962
1964
1966
1968
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010

Rainfall in mm

1100

1208

1176

1200

YEARS

Monthly Normal Rainfall for Mulbagal Taluk

144

150

96

100

147.3

93.7
78.9
65.4
54.4

50

29.2

3.5

Feb

Mar

28.7
10.7

Jan

Months

December

November

October

September

August

July

June

May

Apr

Rainfall in mm

200

Annual Rainfall of Mulbagal Taluk

1600
1400

Rainfall (mm)

1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
1

Years from 2001 to 2011

10

11

Domestic water requirement

1. Population as on 2011 = 2,56,745

2. Ground water requirement per annum @ 55 LPCD = 14,121 M3/day,

51,54,155 M3/year, 515 ham

3. Dynamic ground water resource of the taluk = 4420 ham

4. Drinking water requirement in respect of GW resource = 11.65%

5. Existing Ground water draft = 8895 ham

(201% of resource)

Use of Ground Water Prospects Maps in selection of Bore

well points

Ground Truth
Field Check
Ground Geophysical survey

Ground water recharge structures

1. Direct Methods
Percolation tanks

Stream channel method (ditch & furrows)

Check dam
Gabion structure
2. Indirect Methods

Recharge well
Recharge trenches
Individual well recharge

Probable Artificial Recharge Structures for Mulbagal Taluk

Contour bunds

Infiltration wells
Check dams
Recharge trenches
Percolation tanks
Desiltation of tanks

Note: These are the general classification if the area is found suitable for other
types of recharge structures, site specific structures may be identified after
studying the local hydro-geological and physiographic set up.

Ground Water Quality

Affected Villages of Mulbagal Taluk

Parameter

No. of Habitations
affected

Percentage (%) of Quality

Affected Habitations

Fluoride

37

9.51 %

Iron

1.79 %

Total Hardness

14

3.59 %

Nitrate

112

28.79 %

Total affected

170

43.68 %

Habitations

Hebbani Gram Panchayath

Hebbani Gram Panchayath

No. of Revenue Villages

No. of Habitations

15

Geographical area in ha

2903

No. of Drinking water

borewells

23

Rainfed area in ha

1072

Irrigated area in ha

450

No. of Irrigation water

borewells

598

Total no. of Irrigation

borewells
Working during 2012-13

273

Hebbani Gram Panchayat

No. of Revenue Villages

No. of Habitations

15

Geographical area in ha

2903

No. of Drinking water

borewells

23

Rainfed area in ha

1072

Irrigated area in ha

450

No. of Irrigation water

borewells

598

Total no. of Irrigation

borewells
Working during 2012-13

273

Agriculture
Population-total

10034

a. Area under cultivation in (ha)

1521.56

Irrigated area in Kharif

450

Irrigated area in Rabi

245.34

Irrigated area in Summer

167.61

Un Irrigated area

1071.56

b. Irrigation type (ha)

Area Irrigated under canal

Tanks

372.21

Bore well/ tube well

450

c. Water lifting sources

Submersible pump

598

Number of working Bore wells

273

Number of defunct Bore wells

325

Piped water supply (SVS or MVS)

23

Drinking water profile of GP

Sl.No.

Name of the Habitation

Human

Drinking water needs

Liters per day
Livestock

Total

1 Bangavadi

18315

4770

23085

2 H.Byappanahalli
Rajaramane
H.Kothur
3 H.Kodihalli

51755

21870

73625

39820

24780

64600

172480

31400

203880

5 M.Gollahalli
Nagireddihalli
Manighattamitta
6 Punyahalli

81345

51100

132445

60390

30190

90580

7 S.Ananthapura
Narayanapura
8 Sunnappakunte

59400

27920

87320

38335

19870

58205

9 Tammareddihalli

30030

8140

38170

551870

220040

771910

4 Hebbani

Total

Drinking water profile of GP

BW
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23

Name of the Habitation

Bangavadi
H.Byappanahalli
H.Kothur
Rajaramane
H.Kodihalli
Hebbani

M.Gollahalli
Manighattamitta
Punyahalli

S.Ananthapura
Narayanapura
Sunnappakunte
Tammareddihalli

Borewell Depth in m
143
229
213
244
183
206
213
206
198
201
81
131
283
259
183
198
183
297
98
177
168
183
253

Yield in LPM
57
91
57
57
57
98
114
57
98
114
57
57
98
76
76
57
38
57
57
38
57
57
76

GROUNDWATER BALANCE
Sl.
No.

Name of the
Village

Name of the
Habitation

1
2

Bangawadi
H.Byappalli

3
4
5

H.Kodihalli
Hebbani
M.Gollahalli

Bangawadi
H.Byapalli
Rajaramane
H.Kothur
H.Kodihalli
Hebbani
M.Gollahalli
Manigatta mitta
Nagireddihalli
Punyahalli
S. Anantapura
Narayanapura
Sunapakunte

6
7

Punyahalli
S. Anantapura

Sunapakunte

Thammareddih Thammareddihlli
alli
Majira Kothuru

Tota 9 Villages
l

15 Habitations

Total Ground
Water
Recharge in
cum per
annum

Total Ground
Water Draft in
cum per
annum

Rate of Ground
Water Utilization
in %

63219
148420

158906
370553

251.36
249.66

136011
139261
177579

207741
262741
683613

152.74
188.67
384.96

170380
83077

171302
165965

100.54
199.77

156417

264245

168.94

164430

484972

294.94

12,38,795

27,70,038

223.61

Hebbani Gram Panchayat Details - Population and their water requirement

SL. No.

Name of the
Village

Bangawadi

H.Byappalli

3
4

H.Kodihalli
Hebbani

M.Gollahalli

Name of the
Habitation
Bangawadi
H.Byapalli
H.Kothur
H.Kodihalli
Hebbani
M.Gollahalli

Population

Water
requirement at
55 LPCD

333

18315

941

51755

724
3136
807

39820
172480
44385

672

36960

1098

60390

1080

59400

697

38335

546

30030

10034

551870

Manigatta mitta
Nagireddihalli

Punyahalli

Punyahalli
S.Anantapura

S.Anantapura
Narayanapura

Sunapakunte

Thammareddihalli

Sunapakunte

Thammareddihalli
Kotha Indlu

Total

Details of Ground Water Recharge

SL.
No.

Name of the
Village

Bangawadi

Name of the
Habitation

Bangawadi

Available
Rainfall in
cubic
meters

Recharge
due to
Rainfall
in Cubic
mtr.

Recharge Recharge due

due to
to Return
Surface
flow from
water
Irrigation in
Cubic mtr.
Cubic mtr.

Total
Recharge
in Cubic
mtr.

Area in
Hectares

Rainfall
In m

136

0.3542

481712

48171

15048

63219

322

0.3542

1140524

114052

34368

148420

H.Byapalli
2

H.Byappalli

Rajaramane
H.Kothur

H.Kodihalli

H.Kodihalli

332

0.3542

1175944

117594

18416

136011

Hebbani

Hebbani

340

0.3542

1204280

120428

18833

139261

630

0.3542

1140524

114052

63527

177579

442

0.3542

1565564

156556

13824

170380

203

0.3542

719026

71903

11174

M.Gollahalli
5

M.Gollahalli

Manigatta mitta
Nagireddihalli

Punyahalli

Punyahalli

S.Anantapura

S.Anantapura
Narayanapura
8

Sunapakunte

Sunapakunte

Thammareddih
alli

Thammareddihalli

Total

83077
373

0.3542

1321166

132117

24300

156417

152

0.3542

538384

53838

110592

164430

9287124

928712

310082

1238795

Majira Kothuru
2930

Ground Water Draft

SL. No.

Name of the
Village

Bangawadi

H.Byappalli

3
4

H.Kodihalli
Hebbani

M.Gollahalli

Name of the
Habitation

Total
Total yield
Domestic Grand total
per year
water
GW draft
Cubic
requiremen
meter
t cum/year

Bangawadi
H.Byapalli
Rajaramane
H.Kothur
H.Kodihalli
Hebbani

14

602

150480

15

800

240000

13
27
30

346
594
628

103680
184162
188325

M.Gollahalli

28

1411

20

Manigatta mitta
Nagireddihalli
Punyahalli
S.Anantapura
Narayanapura

Punyahalli

S.Anantapura

Sunapakunte

Thammareddihall
Thammareddihalli i
Majira Kothuru
Total

Total
No. of
Yield in
Borewell a day
Cubic
meter

Sunapakunte

8426

158906

26873
23579
74416

266873
103680
207741
262741

412070

24267

436337

720

223200

24075

247275

20

461

138240

33062

171302

53

440

134093

31872

165965

30

810

243000

21245

264245

23

1472

471040

13932

484972

273

8283

24,88,291

2,81,747

27,70,038

Check Dam

Recommendation
1) Construction of Check dams ,Percolation tanks across
the nallas and streams in the water table depleting
areas and where water quality problem exists may be
taken on priority basis
2) A comprehensive program should be formulated to
harvest rain water
3) Prevent Soil Erosion

4) Constant monitoring of Ground Water Quality

5) Identify potential aquifers

6) Adopt Drip irrigation to Conserve Ground Water

Resources

THANK YOU