Problem Sheet

Magnetic Circuits
Q1) The magnetic circuit of a primitive relay is having a coil of 500 turns and a mean core length is
360 mm. When the air-gap lengths are 1.5 mm each, a flux density of 0.8 tesla is required to actuate
the relay. The core is cast steel. Find the current in the coil, compute the values of permeability and
relative permeability of the core. Also find the current in the coil for the same flux density in the core
if the air-gap is zero.

Q2) For a magnetic circuit shown in Fig. N=400 turns, Mean length lc=50 cm, air-gap length lg= 1.0
mm, cross sectional area Ac=Ag= 15 cm2 and relative permeability of core r =3000, current in coil
i=1.0 A. Find (a) flux and flux density in the air-gap (b) inductance of coil

Q3) Find the inductance of a core with effective length l = 0.1 m, cross-sectional area A = 0.001 m2,
and relative permeability r somewhere between 15,000 and 25,000. It is wrapped with N = 10 turns
of wire. What is the range of inductance for the core? Suppose the core above is built with a 0.001m air gap. Find the range of inductances when the cores relative permeability varies between
15,000 and 25,000.

OC and SC test Transformers

Q1) A 8kVA, 500/250V, 50 Hz, single phase transformer gave the following test data
OC test (lv side)=250V, 1.2A,80W
SC test (hv side)=25V, 12.5A,90W
Determine the Equivalent circuit referred to lv side and hv side

Q2) A single phase 10kVA, 2000/200 V, transformer has the following test results:
OC test (lv side): 200V, 0.8A, 60W
SC test (hv side): 40V, 4A, 70W
Calculate the following
(a) The efficiency of the transformer at half load and 0.8 power factor lagging.
(b) the load kVA at which maximum efficiency occurs and also the maximum efficiency at 0.8 power
factor lagging
(c) The voltage regulation and 0.8 power factor leading on full load condition.
Q3) A single phase 12kVA, 1200/400 V, transformer has the following test results:
OC test (lv side): 1200V, 1.2A, 70W
SC test (hv side): 30V, 22A, 80W
Calculate the power factor of the load so that regulation is zero at full load.

Q4) A 30 kVA, 3000/300V, 50 Hz, single phase transformer has the following winding resistances and
leakage reactances:
R1=2.5 , R2=0.018 , X1=3.8 , X2=0.52
Calculate the following:
(1) Equivalent resistance, leakage reactance, and impedances referred to high voltage side.
(2) Equivalent resistance, leakage reactance, and impedances referred to low voltage side.
(3) Total Cu-loss of the transformer at full load condition

Phasor Diagram for AC Circuits

Q1) A circuit having a resistance of 12 , an inductance of 0.15 H and a
capacitance of 100 F in series, is connected across a 100 V, 50 Hz
supply. Calculate:
(a) the impedance;
(b) the current;
(c) the voltages across R, L and C;
(d) the phase difference between the current and the supply
voltage.

Q2) Three branches, possessing a resistance of 50 , an inductance of

0.15 H and a capacitance of 100 F respectively, are connected in
parallel across a 100 V, 50 Hz supply. Calculate:
(a) the current in each branch;
(b) the supply current;
(c) the phase angle between the supply current and the supply
voltage

Q3) A coil of resistance 50 and inductance 0.318 H is connected in

parallel with a circuit comprising a 75 resistor in series with a
159 F capacitor. The resulting circuit is connected to a 230 V, 50 Hz
a.c. supply. Calculate:
(a) the supply current;
(b) the circuit impedance, resistance and reactance.