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Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda
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BharthariNtiatakam
15279:2003
W?77%7m
dFR@FilawTR
@rmm
Indian Standard
SUGAR AND SUGAR PRODUCTS
METHODS OF TEST
ICS 67.180.10
Q BIS 2003
BUREAU
OF
MANAK BHAVAN,
Ju/y 2003
INDIAN
STANDARDS
9 BAHADUR
SHAH ZAFAR
NEW DELHI 110002
MARG
Price Group 10
(FAD 2)
Reprography Unit, BIS, New Delhi, India
t
r
FOREWORD
This Indian Standard was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after the draft finalized by the Sugar
Industry Sectional Committee had been approved by the Food and Agriculture Divisional Council.
This standard is a necessary adjunct to the series of Indian Standards for individual sugar products as it prescribes
the methods of test for determining whether the material under test conforms to the requirement of the respective
standard.
The methods of test for various parameters are based on the Codex approved ICUMSA (International Commission
for Uniform Methods of Sugar Analysis) methods.
In reporting the result of a test or analysis made in accordance with this standard, if the final value, observed or
calculated, is to be rounded off, it shall be done in accordance with IS 2: 1960 Rules for rounding off numerical
values (revised).
IS 15279:2003
Indian Standard
SUGAR AND SUGAR PRODUCTS
METHODS OF TEST
1 SCOPE
c)
2 REFERENCES
The following standards contain provisions, which
through reference in this text constitute provisions of
this standard. At the time of publication, the editions
indicated were valid. All standards are subject to
revision and parties to agreements based on this
standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility
of applying the most recent editions of the standards
indicated below:
1SNo.
915:1975
4.3 Principle
The principle of the method is oven drying using the
atmospheric pressure oven technique ( 105C) followed
by standardized conditions for cooling after oven
drying. It is mainly free moisture which is estimated
by this method.
Title
4.4 Apparatus
revision)
1070:1992
lli7 :1975
Oven,
4.4.2 Desiccator,
first revision)
3 QUALITY
Pressure
4162
(Part 1) :1985
glassy layer on the surface and in the reentrant angles which is only released slowly
as the glass crystallizes.
Inherent moisture, this being moisture
included within the crystal structure and only
released in general by grinding.
OF REAGENTS
4 DETERMINATION
OF LOSS ON DRYING
4.2 Definition
4.2.1 Loss on Dtying Because water represents the
primary heat-volatile liquid in both cane and beet
processing it is certainly the main volatile component
lost on drying sugar. The matter lost on drying in this
method is referred to as moisture or water. Moisture
in sugar is considered to be present in three forms:
4.5 Procedure
4.5.1 Dying
a)
IS 15279:2003
5.2 Apparatus
Weight, 26.000
g (brass weight) as
Return the dishes with the lids open to the oven. Their
position in the oven will be governed by the
requirements of 4.4.1. Dry the sample for 3 h exactly.
Ensure that there are no other materials in the oven
during the drying period.
NOTE The depth of the sugar in the dish must not exceed
I cm.
Replace the lids, remove the dishes from the oven and
replace in the desiccator with the contact thermometer
on one of them. Cool the dishes, until the thermometer
indicates a temperature of ambient + 2C. Weigh the
dishes to an accuracy of * 0.1 mg.
4.6 Expression
4.6.1 Calculation
of Results
of saccharimeter
scale
5.2.9.1 Standardization
Saccharimeter scale must be graduated in conformity
with International Sugar Scale adopted by ICUMSA.
Rotations of this scale are designated as degrees sugar
(OS).To convert values in 0S to values in Z, multiply
the 0S value by the factor 0.99971.
of Loss on Dryitig
100(m,
-m3)
mZ m,
where
mass of dish, in g;
m, = mass of dish + sugar before drying, in g;
and
n23 = mass of dish + sugar after drying, in g.
Duplicate results are acceptable if neither is outside
the limits of+ 10 percent of the mean value for the
test. Tests in which either duplicate exceeds this limit
should be repeated.
/11,
5 DETERMINATION
5.3 Reagent
Alumina
Cream Dilute 500 ml of
30 percent (w/v) aluminium sulphate solution to 2 litres
Add gradualiy 10 percent (w/v) ammonia solution to
the above with constant stirring until no precipitate is
formed. Allow the precipitate to settle and decant off
the clear liquid. Shake the precipitate with 1 litre of
distilled water and allow it to settle again for
recantation of the clear liquid. Repeat the process of
washing and recantation till the supematant liquid is
neutral to litmus and does not precipitate with barium
chloride solution. Make the precipitate of the
aluminium hydroxide into a thick paste with water and
store it in a stoppered bottle.
5.3.1
OF POLARIZATION
IS 15279:2003
5.5 Procedure
5.5.1 Preparation
of the Solution
6.2 Definitions
6.3 Principle
The optical rotation is the algebraic summation of the
predominant effects of the sucrose content of
the sample, modified by the presence of other optically
active constituents and by the clarification procedure.
This is a physical analysis involving three basic steps:
a)
b)
c)
(t - 20)]
where
6.4 Reagents
6 DETERMINATION
OF POLARIZATION
RAW SUGAR BY POLARIMETRY
OF
IS 15279:2003
6.5.5 Polarimeter,
20.00C.
6.5.6 Polarimeter Tubes and Cover Glasses, conforming to the specification as given under Annex B. The
tolerance on length of a tube shall conform either with
Class A or, where it conforms with Class B, the actual
length, correct within the tolerance specified for Class
A, shall be engraved on the tube. A tube length
correction equal to nominal length divided by actual
length is then applied as a multiplier to all polarization
readings.
6.5 Apparatus
6.5.1 Analytical Balance, readable to 1 mg.
6.5.2 Special 100 ml Flasks, nominal capacity of 100
ml, with a tolerance of+ 0.02 ml.
b)
6.7 Procedure
6.7.1 Preparation
Solution
and Defecation
of the Sample
IS 15279:2003
Dry the inside of the neck of the flask, seal the flask
with a clean, dry stopper and shake thoroughly. Insert
a clean dry thermometer in the flask and record the
temperature, r~, to 0.1 C. Hold the flask by the top of
the neck during this measurement.
6.7.2 Filtration of the Solution
Allow the solution to stand for at least 5 min to permit
settling of the precipitate. Then filter the solution
through a single filter paper using equipment described
in 6.5.4. Discard the first 10 ml of filtrate and collect a
volume just sufficient for polarization measurement,
usually 50 to 60 ml. Place a cov~r slip on the filter
funnel during filtration to minimize evaporation and
also keep the filter out of draughts and direct sunlight.
Do not replenish the solution in the filter funnel and
do not return filtrate to the filter.
6.7.3 Detertnination
and Application
Method 1
c)
of the Polarization
d)
e)
6.8 Expression
of Results
6.8.1 Calculation
IS 15279:2003
P,r:
a)
b)
7.2 Definition
where
c
=
c)
(C/ause 6.8.1)
sl
Material of Construction
No.
~~
(1)
(2)
(3)
i)
BS
N
St
BS
BS
BS
BS
N
ii)
iii)
iv)
7.3 Principle
Coefficients
.f
(4)
(5)
0.000467
0.000462
0.000455
0.000467
v)
0.000462
vi)
St
0.000455
0.000270
0.000270
0.000270
0.000255
0.000255
0.000255
d)
Thus,
P20= P,, PW+ I, COIT. ImCOIT. scale &d instr t
7.4.1 Aciivaied
corr
Express the results to 2 decimal places as Z. Indicate
in the result the corrections that have been made to the
result observed without corrections (for example
corrected for instrument standardization and to a
temperature of 20C).
7 DETERMINATION
BY THE MODIFIED
METHOD
Carbon, powdered.
Hydrogen
Phosphaie,
OF REDUCING SUGARS
OFNER TITRIMETRIC
7.4.6 Poiassium
Seigneiie Salt)
Sodium
Tariraie
(Rochelle
CUSO0.5H20.
or
IS 15279:2003
x=
where
and
~,h = Correction factor for the sodium thiosulphate solution.
7.5 Apparatus
7.5.1 Analytical Balance, capable of weighing to the
molll
Dilute a 0.1 nlol/1sodium thiosulphate solution three
fold with water and standardize with potassium iodate.
Dissolve 2 g of potassium iodide in 10 ml water. Add
5 ml of approximately 2 mol/1 hydrochloric acid
(see 7.4.1 1) and 10.0 ml of 0.01667 mol/1 potassium
iodate solution (see 7.4.13). Cover the flask with a
watch glass, shake gently and leave the solution in the
dark for approximately 30 min. Titrate the iodine
formed with the sodium thiosulphate solution to
complete decolonization, adding 1 ml of starch
indicator (see 7.4.14) immediately before the endpoint.
Calculate the factor f~~ of the thiosulphate solution:
7.4.16 Sodium Thiosulphate
Thx fTh
25
Solution, 0.0333
of the Sample
30.96
f,, = y-
Th
where
V,, = ml of sodium thiosulphate solution titrated.
NOTE
f~~ correc[s
the
used
iodine
solution
to the
IS 15279:2003
of Results
= (3.43 -0.34-0.0525
of the Results
Added amount
Added amount
hot value
Added amount
Added amount
value
Added amount
Added amount
value
=
=
v,
V*
=
=
V,
8 DETERMINATION
COLOUR
2.50)x 1000=21
is
is
is
is
is
is
g mg~g
OF SUGAR SOLUTION
V~
V~
Vb
8.2 Definitions
where
f,
7.7.1 Calculation
where
7.7 Expression
(A- B- C- D) X1OOO
8.2.1 Transmittance
= is the factor of the iodine solution. calcu-
of a Solution
IS 15279:2003
distilled water has shown that the two cells are within
0.2 percent of being identical.
~=+
SQlv
8.2.3 Absorbance
(Extinction), A,
8.6 Procedure
8.3 Principle
8.6.2 Colour Measurement
8.4 Reagents
Use only distilled water or water of equivalent purity.
8.5 Apparatus
8.7.1 Calculation
ICUMSA Colour =
looox~
bc
where
AS = absorbance,
c = concentration
Express results to the nearest whole number.
9
IS 15279:2003
9.2 Definition
Table 2 Concentration
of Sample Solids
from the RDS Percentage
Conductivity
Ash The ash determined
conductimetrically, known as conductivity ash cannot
be directly compared with the gravimetric ash
determined by incineration and weighing of the
ash. Conductivity
ash has its own individual
significance. The factors for converting conductivity to
ash are chosen in such a way that the conductivity ash
value corresponds approximately
to values for
sulphated ash. This coeftlcient is conventional and
cannot be experimentally verified.
9.2.1
(Clause 8.7.1)
RDS percenl
cg/cm3
RDS percent
(1)
(2)
(1)
45.0
45.1
45.2
45.3
45.4
45.5
45.6
45.8
45,9
46.0
46, I
46,2
46.3
46.4
46.5
46.6
46.8
46.9
47.0
47.1
47.2
47.3
47.4
47.5
47.6
47.8
47.9
48.0
48.1
48.2
48.3
48.4
48.5
48.6
48.7
48,9
49.0
49, I
49.2
49.3
49.4
49.5
49.6
49.7
49.8
49.9
50.0
0.541 178
50.1
0.542621
0.544064
50.3
50.4
0.545509
0.546955
0.548402
50.5
50.6
0.622368
0.623880
50.7
0.625393
0.549851
0.552752
50.8
50.9
51.0
0.626907
0.628423
0.629940
51.1
51.3
0.631459
0.634500
0.636022
0.554204
0.555657
0.557112
0.558568
51.4
0.560025
51.5
51.6
0.561483
0.562943
0.564404
0.567330
cg/cm3
(2)
0.616333
0.619348
0.920857
0.639070
0.640597
51.8
51.9
0.642124
52.0
0.571728
52.2
52.3
52.1
0.576137
0.577609
52.5
52.6
0.579082
0.582033
52.7
52.8
0.655932
0.657472
0.583510
52.9
0.659015
0.584989
0.586469
53.0
53.1
0.660558
0.662103
0.587950
0.569432
53.2
53.3
0.663649
0.665196
0.590916
0.592401
0.593887
53.4
53.5
53.6
0.666745
0,668295
0.669846
0.595374
0.598353
53.7
53.8
0,671399
0.651317
0.652854
0.654392
53.9
0.674509
54.0
54.1
0.676065
54.2
0.679183
0.680744
Null Balance
Bridge
or
0.682306
0.685434
54.6
0.687000
0.611821
54.7
0.613324
54.8
0.688568
0.688568
0.614828
54.9
0.690137
9 DETERMINATION
9.5 Apparatus
0.677624
54.5
0.610319
0.672953
0.599844
0.607320
0.608819
0.649782
0.601337
54.3
54.4
0.646715
0.648248
52.4
0.605822
9.4 Reagents
0.643653
0.645183
0.573196
0.574666
0.60283 I
0.604326
0.637546
51.7
0.568794
0.570260
9.3 Principle
OF CONDUCTIVITY
9.6 Procedure
Dissolve 31.3 g + 0.1 g of sugar in water in a 100 ml
volumetric flask and make up to volume at 20C (or
dissolve 28.0 + 0.1 g of sugar in water to give a solution
of mass 100.0 g). In the case of liquids, the amount
taken must be such that the test solution contains 31.3 g
of solids/100 ml, or 28.0 g solids/100 g of solution.
ASH
IS 15279:2003
9.7 Expression of Results
10.5 Apparatus
Ordinary laboratory apparatus, and in particular the
following:
10.5.1 Incineration Dish, of platinum or any other
material which does not deteriorate under the test
conditions (for example, a silica incineration dish), of
capacity 100 to 200 ml and with a minimum useful
surface of 15 cm2.
C1~
Lamp
c,
1+ 0.026 (T - 20)
where
c,
= conductivity at temperature ~C
10.6 Procedure
10.6.1 Preparation
OF SULPHATED
Dish
10 DETERMINATION
of the Incineration
ASH
10.6.2 Preparation
10.2 Definition
10.3 Principle
a)
10.4 Reagents
During the analysis, use only reagents of recognized
analytical quality and only distilled water or water of
at least equivalent purity.
11
1S 15279:2003
b)
dissolved.
Allow to cool to ambient
temperature and weigh to the nearest 0.01 g.
Melt the sample in solid from by immersing
it, in a container, provided with lid, in the
water bath (see 10.5.5), controlled at 60 to
70C, and placing the lid on the container.
Remove the container from the water bath and
allow it to cool to ambient temperature,
agitating frequently but without removing the
lid, and then mix the condensed water with
the sample.
(m2-m, )x100x
ma
where
>5 <10
>10
5
2
100
100 H
11 DETERMINATION
SUGAR
OF STARCH
IN ICING
11.1 Reagents
10.6.4 Preincineration
10.6.5 Incineration
Acid sp gr 1.16.
11.2 Procedure
11.2.1 Preparation
of the Solution
12
IS 15279:2003
50 ml of water and warm the mixture in a water bath
at 50 to 60C for about 5 min to dissolve the sucrose
content of the sample. Cool and filter through a
Whatman filter paper No. 40 or equivalent. Collect
the filtrate carefully in a 100-ml volumetric flask. Wash
the beaker and the insoluble residue of starch in the
filter paper carefully with water. Make up the volume
of the filtrate to 100 ml.
11.3 Calculation
where
M.
w.
R=
s=
1-
12 DETERMINATION
OF SUCROSE
Titre
(1)
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
(2)
120.2
120.2
120.2
120.2
120.3
120.3
120.3
120.4
120.4
120.5
120.5
120.6
120.6
120.7
120.7
120.8
120.8
120.8
120.9
120.9
121.0
121.0
121.1
121.2
121.2
121.2
121.3
121.4
121.4
121.5
121.6
121.6
121.6
121.7
121.7
50
121.8
Reducing Sugar
(as Content Anhydrous
Dextrose per 100 ml
of Solution)
(3)
80 I
751
707
668
638
601.5
572.9
547.3
523.6
501.9
482.0
463,7
446.8
431.1
316.4
402.7
389.7
377.6
366.3
355.6
345.6
336.3
327.4
318.8
310.7
303.1
295.9
289.0
282.4
276.1
270.1
264.3
258.8
253.5
248.4
243.6
12.3.2 Inversion
of the Solution
13
IS 15279:2003
12.4 Calculation
133.7 ConcentratedHydrochloric
13.3.8 Hydrochloric
Sucrose, percent by
mass in the material
Acid Solution,
approximately
1 mol/1.
0.95
=---(WR)R)
ready-made, or a
where
Q
13 DETERMINATION
OF SULPHUR DIOXIDE
BY THE ROSANILINE
CALORIMETRIC
METHOD
13.1 Field of Application
13.4 Apparatus
Solution
(approximately
13.3.3 Formaldehyde
0.2 gt 100 ml) Dilute 5 ml of analytical reagent grade
formaldehyde solution, p20= 1.070 1.080 to 1000 ml.
13.4.1 Spectrophotometer
or Calorimeter,
for use at
13.5 Procedure
14.2 Principle
For levels
14.3 Reagents
14.3.1 Chromatographic Spray Reagent 1-naphthol/
phosphoric acid solution. Dissolve 1.0 g of 1-naphthol
100 ml of ethanol and add 10 ml of ortho-phosphoric
and (pzO= 1.69 g/ml).
tdm total alcohols.
is
determinedby bubblepoint
testing.
14.4.5 Tweezer,s
pgso2
where
n
98.99 pereent
14.4 Apparatus
NOTEThe
13.6 Expression
of Results
13.6.1 Calculation
DETERMINATION
MATTER BY MEMBRANE
14.5 Procedure
OF INSOLUBLE
FILTRATION
14.5.1 Preparation
of Membrane Filter
IS 15279:2003
of Sample Solution
14.6.1 Calculation
The insoluble matter content of the sugar expressed in
milligrams of insoluble matter per kilogram of sample
is given by:
Insoluble matter mg/kg
where
ml = mass in g of the membrane filter
(see 14.5.1) or mass of membrane + prefilter (see 14.5.2),
. mass in g of filter + insoluble matter or
m2
mass of filter+ pre-filter + insoluble matter
(see 14.5.6), and
mO = mass in g of sample taken for test (see 14.5.3).
= ~m1 ~ 1@
15
DETERMINATION
OF
CALORIMETRIC
METHOD
LEAD
BY
15.2 Principle
15.2.1 For White Sugar
Lead is extracted directly from the prepared solution
16
IS 15279:2003
153.7 ConcentratedHydrochloricAcid,
15.3.8 Concentrated
15.3.9 Concentrated
1.18#ml.
#ml.
15.3.12 Bromothymol
Blue Indicator Dissolve
0.04 g in 20 percent ethanol and make up to 100 ml
with 20 percent ethanol.
15.3.13 Standard Lead Solution Prepare a stock
standard solution A by dissolving 0.160 g of previously
dried analytical reagent grade lead nitrate in 100 ml of
1 mol/1 nitric acid (see 15.3.11). Solution B is freshly
prepared by diluting 10 ml of the stock solution A to
1 litre with distilled water.
Sodium
Hexametaphosphate
Solution
p20 =
1.49 g/ml.
15.4 Apparatus
of IS 1117.
IS 15279:2003
15.4.2 Graduated
Pipettes
10 ml, conforming to
a)
b)
preparation
Dissolve a 10 g
sample in 20 ml of distilled water contained
in a beaker and transfer the solution to a
100 ml separating funnel, using only 5 ml for
rinsing. Add 2.5 ml of concentrated
hydrochloric acid, stopper the funnel and
shake for 5 min. Prepare a blank by adding
the same volume of hydrochloric acid (2.5 ml)
to 25 ml of distilled water contained in another
funnel.
Extraction of lead Add 5 to 6 drops of the
bromothymol blue indicator to the solution
for extraction, and neutralize with ammonia
solution (see 15.3.3) added drop-wise from a
burette until a blue colour is obtained. Add
an additional 1.5 ml of ammonia solution
followed by 1.0 ml of ammonium citrate
solution (see 15.3.4) and 1.0 ml of potassium
cyanide solution (see 15.3.5). Where it is
known that iron is present in significant
concentrations 1.0 ml of hydroxylamine
hydrochloride solution (see 15.3.14) should
be added before the cyanide.
Stopper the separating fimnel and mix the
conten& well by shaking. Add between 5 and
10 ml of the 20 mg/1 dithizone solution
(see 15.3.2) incrementally from a 10ml burette
and repeat the mixing. If necessary, add more
dithizone solution and continue the ex~action
until the lower chloroform layer has changed
Sample
18
IS 15279:2003
b)
Determination
10 v
mg P/b kg
M
where
V
M
15.6.2 Raw Sugar Calculation
15.6.3 Low-Grade
Calculation
16 DETERMINATION
CONTENT
and Solids
OF
CHROMIUM
Liquid
16.1 Principle
c)
Products,
Spectrophotometer
Wavelength
Flame
Optimum Range
mm
(1)
357.9
(2)
Reducing air acetylene
mgil
13)
1 to 200
16.3 Reagents
Distilled
Water Distilled,
16.3.1 Deionized
ammonia free. Pass through ion exchange column of
mixed strongly acidic cation and strongly basic anion
exchange resins. Regenerate resins according to
manufacturers instructions.
19
IS 15279:2003
16.3.3 Hydrochloric
Acid Dilute 500 ml
hydrochloric acid to 1000 ml with water and distill in
all-Pyrex or equivalent glass apparatus.
16.4 Preparation
of Sample
16.5 Determination
Weight
Compound
Dissolving Medium
(1 Iitre Total)
(1)
(2)
(3)
1.923
Chromium
oxide (Cr,OJ
16.6 Calculation
Solution
ANNEX
6.4.2)
(Clause
DETERMINATION
A-1 DETERNI1NATION
OF TOTAL LEAD
A-1.2 Reagents
A-1.l Principle
Lead is quantitatively titrated with EDTA in the presence of hexamethylenetetramine added as a buffer in
order to keep the pH above 5.6. The end-point is
detected by the sharp change in colour of a metal
indicator, xylenol orange, screened by methylene blue.
20
IS 15279:2003
A-1.4 Calculation
0.05 molll
Weigh 18.6 g EDTA (disodium salt) and transfer to a
1 Iitre volumetric flask with distilled water. Dissolve
and make up to the mark.
A-2 DETERMINATION
22.32
~
~
OF BASIC LEAD
A-2.1 Principle
A-2.2 Reagents
Approximately
1 molll
Prepare using acetic or nitric acid and distilled water.
A-2.2.1
Sodium Hydroxide
Solution, Approximately
0.1 molll
A-1.3 Procedure
A-2.3 Procedure
A-2.3.1 Preparation
of Sample
of Results
1S 15279:2003
A-2.3.3
Standardization
H~~dro.xideSolution
A-2.4 Calculation
A-2.3.4 Standardization
Vvvv
Basic lead content . 22.32 ~~+~x~
(g PbO/100 ml)
V2
v, v,
[
ANNEX
(Clauses
SPECIFICATION
B-1 POLARIMETER
20
FOR POLARIMETER
TUBES
and Construction
B-1.2 Tolerances
on Length
Tubes
(Clause B-1.l.3)
S1No.
(1)
i)
ii)
iii)
iv)
v)
vi)
Parallelism,
Squareness, Maximum
Maximum Errors
Errors Minutes
of Arc
Maximum Value
of Surface
Finish
Nominal Length
Flatness, Maximum
Errors
mm
~m
~m
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
1
1
2
3
4
5
0.2
10
20
50
100
200
400
of Results
22
pm
0.3
4
6
9
10
4
6
8
10
0.4
0.6
0,8
1.0
IS 15279:2003
Table 6 Tolerances
Polarimeter
B-1.4 Inscriptions
on Length of
Tubes
(Clause B-1.2)
Class B
* pm
(4)
mm
Class A
* f.tm
(:)
(2)
(3)
i)
10
ii)
20
40
iii)
50
100
S1No.
Nominal Length
20
iv)
100
10
200
v)
200
20
400
vi)
400
40
800
B-1.3 Supports
ANNEX
(Clause
SPECIFICATION
C-1 DEFINITION
CONTROL PLATE
OF NORMAL
6.5.7)
QUARTZ
AND CONSTRUCTION
1S 15279:2003
C-3 INSCRIPTIONS
ANNEX
(Clause
D
6.7.4)
b)
coefficient is prescribed.
The temperature of making up to the
mark. tmwill already have been recorded.
D-2 EXPRESSION
OF RESULTS
a)
AND
c)
IS 15279:2003
d)
Q 20.
D-2.2 Calculate
the polarization
corrected
at
20C, P20,
x (tpr 20).
e)
Thus,
20),
where
c = coefficient in Table 1, and
R = reducing sugars, percent on sample
c)
Subtract temperature of making to mark, tm
correction
/., correction =~x P,, X (t~ 20)
(if applic.) - V
Express the results to 2 decimal places as Z. Indicate
in the result the corrections that have been made to the
result observed without corrections (for example,
corrected for instrument standardization and to a
temperature of 20C).
ANNEX
(Clause
DETERMINATION
indicated by manufacturers
specifications.
E
8.6.1)
OF REFRACTOMETRIC
E-3.4 Thermometer,
and
Pump,
Thermostatted
E-4 PROCEDURE
E-4.1 Reading the Refractometer
E-3 APPARATUS
\
IS 15279:2003
Table 7 Temperature
Correction
(C/ause E-4.1)
Measured Sucrose (Mass Fraction)
Temperature
~
(1)
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
(2)
-0.38
-0.30
-0.23
-0.15
-0.08
0.00
+ 0.08
+0.16
+ 0.24
+ 0.32
+ 0.40
+ 0.48
+ 0.56
+ 0.65
+ 0.73
+ 0.82
+ 0.90
(3)
-0.38
0.31
-0.23
-0.15
-0.08
0.00
+ 0.08
+0.16
+ 0.24
+ 0.32
+ 0.40
+ 0.48
+ 0.56
+ 0.65
+ 0.73
+ 0.81
+ 0.90
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
+
+
+
-,
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
40
+ 1.71
0.99
1.08
1.16
1.25
1.34
1.43
1.53
1.62
0.99
1.07
1.16
1.25
1.34
1.43
1.52
1.61
+ 1.70
Table 8 International
(4)
-0.38
-0.31
-0.23
-0.15
-0.08
0.00
+ 0.08
+0.16
+ 0.24
+ 0.32
+ 0.40
+ 0.48
+ 0.56
+ o.64
+ 0.72
+ 0.80
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
quickly.
0.89
0.98
1.07
1.15
1.24
1.33
1.41
1.50
1.59
E-5.1
Express
OF RESULTS
results
to the nearest
0.10 Brix
+ 1.68
Refractive
the prisms
This table give values of refractive index against air with sucrose mass fraction.
Sucrose
GI1OO g
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
1.411808
1.413853
1,415915
1.417993
i .420087
1.422197
1.424323
1.426466
1.428625
1.403800
1.412011
1.414059
1.416122
1.418202
1.420297
1.422409
1.424537
1.426681
1.428842
1.431019
1.412215
1.414265
1.416330
1.418411
1.420508
1.422621
1.424750
1.426896
1.426059
1.431238
1.412420
1.414470
1.416537
1.418620
1.420718
1.422833
1.424964
1.427112
1.429276
1.431456
1.412624
1.414676
1.416744
:.418829
1.420929
1.423046
1.425178
1.427328
1.429493
1.434675
1.412828
1.414882
1.416952
1.419038
1.421140
1.423258
1.425393
1.427543
1.429711
1.431894
1.413033
1.415089
1.417060
1.419247
1.421351
1.423471
1.425607
1.427759
1.429928
1.432114
1.413238
1.415295
1.417368
1.419457
1.421562
1.423684
1.425821
1.427975
1.430146
1.432333
1.413443
1.415502
1.417576
1.419667
1.42 I 774
1.423897
1.426036
1.428192
1.430364
1.432553
1.413648
1.415 70s
1.417785
1.419877
1.421985
1.424110
1.426251
1.428428
1.430582
1.432773
26
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