Instructors Solutions Manual

Solutions Manual
to accompany

Australasian Business Statistics

3nd Edition

Prepared by
Miriam Krakovska

John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd 2012

John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd 2009

0

Solutions Manual to accompany Australasian Business Statistics 3e by Black et al

Chapter 5 - Discrete Distributions

SOLUTIONS TO PROBLEMS IN CHAPTER 5
5.1

x
1
2
3
4
5

P(x)
.238
.290
.177
.158
.137

xP(x)
.238
.580
.531
.632
.685

(x )2
2.775556
0.443556
0.111556
1.779556
5.447556

(x )2P(x)
0.6605823
0.1286312
0.0197454
0.2811700
0.7463152

= [xP(x)] = 2.666
2 = (x )2P(x) = 1.836444
= 1.836444 = 1.355155
When the process is repeated many times, the long run average of the
occurrences is 2.666.
5.2

x
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

P(x)
.103
.118
.246
.229
.138
.094
.071
.001

xP(x)
.000
.118
.492
.687
.552
.470
.426
.007

(x )2
7.573504
3.069504
0.565504
0.061504
1.557504
5.053504
10.549500
18.045500

(x )2P(x)
0.780071
0.362201
0.139114
0.014084
0.214936
0.475029
0.749015
0.018046

= [xP(x)] = 2.752 2 = (x )2P(x) = 2.752496

= 2.752496 = 1.6591
When the process is repeated many times, the long run average of the
occurrences is 2.752, the variance and standard deviation are 2.752 and 1.659
respectively. 61.3% of the observations fall between 2 and 4 inclusive. 83.4% of
the observations are 4 or less.
5.3

x
0
1
2
3
4

P(x)
.461
.285
.129
.087
.038

xP(x)
.000
.285
.258
.261
.152

(x )2
0.913936
0.001936
1.089936
4.177936
9.265936

(x )2P(x)
0.421324
0.000552
0.140602
0.363480
0.352106

E(x) = = [xP(x)]= 0.956

2 = (x )2P(x) = 1.278064
= 1.278064 = 1.1305
In the long run, there are on average 0.956 flaws found in each porcelain cup
produced by this manufacturer. The variance and the standard deviation of the
number of flaws are 1.278 and 1.131 respectively. 74.6% of the cups have either
one or no flaws.
5.4

P(x)

xP(x)

(x )2

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(x )2P(x)

Solutions Manual to accompany Australasian Business Statistics 3e by Ken Black et al

0
1
2
3
4
5
6

.262
.393
.246
.082
.015
.002
.000

.000
.393
.492
.246
.060
.010
.000

1.4424
0.0404
0.6384
3.2364
7.8344
14.4324
23.0304

0.37791
0.01588
0.15705
0.26538
0.11752
0.02886
0.00000

2 = (x )2P(x) = 0.96260

= [xP(x)] = 1.201
= .96260 = .98112

If many random samples of 6 people are taken in the city, on average 1.2 Pepsi
drinkers are expected in each sample. The sample standard deviation of the
number of Pepsi drinkers is 0.98. 90.1% of the time a sample of 6 is expected to
contain two Pepsi drinkers or less.
5.5

(a)

n=4

P(x = 3) =
(b)

(c)

4

3

p = .10

q = .90

(.10)3(.90)1 = 4(.001)(.90) = .0036

n=7

p = .80

P(x = 4) =

7

4

q = .20

(.80)4(.20)3 = 35(.4096)(.008) = .1147

n = 10
p = .60
q = .40
P(x > 7) = P(x = 7) + P(x = 8) + P(x = 9) + P(x = 10)

10

7

(.60)7(.40)3 +

10

8

(.60)8(.40)2 +

10

9

John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd 2012

2

(.60)9(.40)1

Chapter 5: Discrete Distributions

10

10

+
(.60)10(.40)0
= 120(.0280)(.064) + 45(.0168)(.16) + 10(.0101)(.40) + 1(.0060)(1)
= .2150 + .1209 + .0403 + .0060 = .3822
(d)

n = 12
p = .45
q = .55
P(5 < x < 7) = P(x = 5) + P(x = 6) + P(x = 7)

12

5

12

6

12

7

=
(.45)5(.55)7 +
(.45)6(.55)6 +
(.45)7(.55)5
= 792(.0185)(.0152) + 924(.0083)(.0277) + 792(.0037)(.0503)
= .2225 + .2124 + .1489 = .5838
5.6

By Table A.2:
(a)

n = 20 p = .50
P(x = 12) = .120

(b)

n = 20 p = .30
P(x > 8) = P(x = 9) + P(x = 10) + P(x = 11) + ...+ P(x = 20)
= .065 + .031 + .012 + .004 + .001 + .000 = .113

(c)

n = 20 p = .70
P(x < 12) = P(x = 11) + P(x = 10) + P(x = 9) + ... + (Px = 0)
= .065 + .031 + .012 + .004 + .001 + .000 = .113

(d)

n = 20 p = .90
P(x < 16) = P(x = 16) + P(x = 15) + P(x = 14) + ...+ P(x = 0)
=.090 + .032 + .009 + .002 + .000 = .133

(e)

n = 15 p = .40
(4 < x < 9)
= P(x = 4) + P(x = 5) + P(x = 6) + P(x = 7) + P(x = 8) + P(x = 9)
= .127 + .186 + .207 + .177 + .118 + .061 = .876

(f)

n = 10 p = .60
P(x > 7) = P(x = 7) + P(x = 8) + P(x = 9) + P(x = 10)
= .215 + .122 + .040 + .006 = .382

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Solutions Manual to accompany Australasian Business Statistics 3e by Ken Black et al

5.7

5.8

(a)

n = 20
p = .70
q = .30
= n P = 20(.70) = 14
= n p q 20(.70)(.30) 4.2 = 2.05

(b)

n = 70
p = .35
q = .65
= np = 70(.35) = 24.5
= n p q 70(.35)(.65) 15.925 = 3.99

(c)

n = 100 p = .50
q = .50
= np = 100(.50) = 50
= n p q 100(.50)(.50)

(a) n = 6
x
0
1
2
3
4
5
6

25

=5

p = .70
P
.001
.010
.060
.185
.324
.303
.118

Mean = 4.2

(b)

n= 0
x
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

p = .50
P
.000
.000
.000
.001
.005
.015
.037
.074
.120
John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd 2012
4

Chapter 5: Discrete Distributions

9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

.160
.176
.160
.120
.074
.037
.015
.005
.001
.000
.000
.000
Mean = 10

(c)

n=8

p = .80

x
P
0
.000
1
.000
2
.001
3
.009
4
.046
5
.147
6
.294
7
.336
8
.168
Mean = 6.4

5.9

HP 20%, Dell 15%, n = 10

a)

i)

p = 0.20

P( X 5) 0.026 0.006 0.001 0 0 0 0.033 (using table A.2)

ii) p = 0.15

P ( X 5) 0.998617(using Excel)

iii) p = 0.15

P (5 X 10) 1 P ( X 4) 0.009874 (using Excel)

John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd 2012

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Solutions Manual to accompany Australasian Business Statistics 3e by Ken Black et al

b)

HP: p = 0.20

np 10 0.20 2
2 npq 10 0.20 0.80 1.6

HP or DELL:

5.10

n = 25

p = 0.20 + 0.15 = 0.35

np 10 0.35 3.5
2 npq 10 0.35 0.65 2.275

P = .42

(a)

P(X 10) = .5044

(b)

P(X 15) = .9780

(c)

P(X 6) = .0495

5.11

The highest Probability values are for x = 10 and 11.

The expected value is 25(.42) = 10.5. The highest probabilities are for events
around the mean.
The variance = 25(.42)(.58) = 6.09 the standard deviation = 2.47.
10.5 + 2(2.47) = 10.5 + 4.98 gives a range that goes from 5.5 to 15.5, which lies
between 5 and 16.
From Kaddstat, the sum of the probabilities of the values in this range
(5 included through 16 not included) is .9725 or 97.2% of the values, which
compares well with the 95% suggested by the empirical rule and the at least 75%
by Chebyshevs theorem.

John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd 2012

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Chapter 5: Discrete Distributions

5.12

(a)

n = 20, p = .58
P(x < 15) = P(X 14) = .9078 (Kaddstat)

(b)

mean = np = (20)(.58) = 11.6

(c)

n = 20, p = .53
P(X > 10 ) = P(X 11) = .5196 (Kaddstat)

(d)

mean = np = (20)(.53) = 10.6

(e)

Let the random variable X denote the number out of 20 who believe that
the new standards have improved confidence in financial reporting and that
the new standards have improved audit quality. Assuming that the two
events are independent, X~Bin(20,0.530.58) and we need
N = 20, p = .3074
P(X=10) = 0.0354 (Kaddstat)

(f)

With the same definitions as in (e), we need

P(X>=10) = .056 (Kaddstat)

(g) Mean = (20)(.3054) = 6.1

5.13

p = 0.01
a)

P( X 5) 1 P X 5 0.000535

b)

n = 100, p = 0.01

E ( X ) np 100 0.01 1

c)

100

P ( X 2) 1 P ( X 2) 1 [ P ( X 0) P ( X 1) P X 2 ]

C 0 0.010 0.99100 100C1 0.011 0.99 99 100 C 2 0.012 0.99 98

y0.079373

d)

n = 10, p = 0.079373

P( X 5) 1 P X 5 0.000040 (using Excel)

np 10 0.079373 0.793730 (to 2 d.p.)

e)
5.14

(a)

P(x = 5 = 2.3)

(64.36 343)(.1 002 588)

(2.35 )(e 2.3 )

.0538
5!
(120)

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Solutions Manual to accompany Australasian Business Statistics 3e by Ken Black et al

(b)

P(x = 2 = 3.9)

(3.9 2 )(e 3.9 ) (15.21)(.02024)

.1539
2!
2

P(x< 3 = 4.1)
= P(x = 3) + P(x= 2) + P(x = 1) + P(x = 0)
(4.13 )(e 4.1 )
(68.921)(.016574)

.1904
3!
6
(4.12) (e 4.1 )
(16.81)(.016573)

.1393
2!
2
(4.11) (e 4.1 )
(4.1)(.016573)

.0679
1!
1
(4.10) (e 4.1 )
(1)(.016573)

.0166
0!
1
P(x< 3 = 4.1) = .4142
(c)

(d)

P(x = 0 = 2.7)

(e)

P(x = 1 = 5.4)

(f)

(2.7 0 )(e 2.7 ) (1)(.0672)

.0672
0!
1

(5.41 )(e 5.4 ) (5.4)(.0045)

.0244
1!
1

P(4 < x < 8 = 4.4)

= P(x = 5 = 4.4) + P(x = 6 = 4.4) + P(x = 7 = 4.4)
(4.4 5 )(e 4.4 ) (4.4 6 )(e 4.4 ) (4.4 7 )(e 4.4 )

5!
6!
7!
(1649.162)(.012277)
(7256.314)(.012277) (31927.781)(.012277)

120
720
5040
.1687 .1237 .0778 .3702

5.15

(a)

P(x = 6 = 3.8) = .0936

(b)

P(x >7 = 2.9):

x
8
9
10
11
12
x>7

(c)

P
.0068
.0022
.0006
.0002
.0000
.0098

P(3 < x < 9 = 4.2) =

John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd 2012

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Chapter 5: Discrete Distributions

x
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
3<X<9

P
.1852
.1944
.1633
.1143
.0686
.0360
.0168
.7786

(d)

P(x = 0 = 1.9) = .1496

(e)

P(x < 6 = 2.9) =

x
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
x< 6

(f)

P
.0550
.1596
.2314
.2237
.1622
.0940
.0455
.9713

P(5 < x < 8 = 5.7) =

x
6
7
8
5<x<8

5.16

(a) = 6.3
x
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

P
.1594
.1298
.0925
.3817

mean = 6.3

Standard deviation =

P
.0018
.0116
.0364
.0765
.1205
.1519
.1595
.1435
.1130
.0791
.0498
.0285
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6.3

= 2.51

Solutions Manual to accompany Australasian Business Statistics 3e by Ken Black et al

12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
(b)

.0150
.0073
.0033
.0014
.0005
.0002
.0001
.0000

= 1.3

x
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
(c)
x
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

mean = 1.3

standard deviation =

1.3

= 1.14

P
.2725
.3542
.2303
.0998
.0324
.0084
.0018
.0003
.0001
.0000

= 8.9

mean = 8.9

standard deviation =

P
.0001
.0012
.0054
.0160
.0357
.0635
.0941
.1197
.1332
.1317
.1172
.0948
.0703
.0481
.0306
.0182
.0101
.0053
.0026
.0012
.0005
.0002
John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd 2012
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8.9

= 2.98

Chapter 5: Discrete Distributions

22
(d)

.0001

= 0.6

x
0
1
2
3
4
5
6

5.17

mean = 0.6

standard deviation =

0. 6

= .775

P
.5488
.3293
.0988
.0198
.0030
.0004
.0000

= 2.8 4 minutes
(a)

P(X = 6 = 2.8)
from Table A.3 .0407

(b)

P(X = 0 = 2.8) =
from Table A.3 .0608

(c)

Unable to meet demand if X > 4 4 minutes:

P(X > 4) = 1 P(X 4) = 1 0.8477 (Kaddstat)
= .1523
Probability of meeting the demand = P(X 4) = .8477
15.23% of the time a second window will need to be opened.

(d)

= 2.8 arrivals 4 minutes

= 1.4 arrivals 2 minutes
P(X = 3) arrivals 2 minutes =
P(X = 3) =1.4) = from Table A.3 = .1128

= 5.6 arrivals 8 minutes

P(X > 5 8 minutes) = ??
P(X > 5 = 5.6) = 1 P(X 4) = 1 0.3422 = .6578

5.18

(a)

x 126 3.5
n

36

P ( x)

P ( X 0 3.5)

x e
x!

3.5 0 e 3.5
0.0302
0!

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Solutions Manual to accompany Australasian Business Statistics 3e by Ken Black et al

(b)
(c)

P ( X 6 3.5) 1 P X 5 3.5 0.1424

(using Excel)

3.5 customers in 5 minutes

7 customers in 10 minuets
P ( X 4 7) 0.0009 0.0064 0.0223 0.0521 0.0817

(using table A.3)

(d)

P (3 X 6 7) 0.0521 0.0912 0.1277 0.1490 0.4200

(using table A.3)

(e) 10.5 customers in 15 minuets
P ( X 8 10.5)

f)

5.19

10.58 e 10.5
0.1009
8!

On Saturday night between 7 pm and 8 pm: there is a 42% chance that

between 3 and 7 customers will arrive in any 10-minute interval; there is a
14.24 % chance that more than 5 customers will arrive in any 5-minute
interval. It is very unlikely (3.02%) that no customer will arrive in any 5minute interval.

= 5.6 days 3 weeks

(a)

P(x = 0 = 5.6):
from Table A.3 = .0037

(b)

P(x = 6 = 5.6):
from Table A.3 = .1584

(c)

P(x > 15 = 5.6):

x
15
16
17
x > 15

P
.0005
.0002
.0001
.0008

Because this probability is so low, if it actually occurred, the researcher

would actually have to question the Lambda value as too low for this
period.
5.20

= 0.6 trips 1 year

(a)

P(X = 0 = 0.6):
from Table A.3 = .5488

(b)

P(X = 1 = 0.6):
from Table A.3 = .3293
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Chapter 5: Discrete Distributions

5.21

(c)

P(X > 2 = 0.6) = .1219

(d)

The interval length has been increased (3 times)

New Lambda = = 1.8 trips 3 years
P(X < 3 = 1.8) = .8913 (Excel)

(e)

The interval has been increased (6 times)

New Lambda = = 3.6 trips 6 years
P(X = 4 = 3.6) = .1912

= 1.2 collisions 4 months

(a)

P(X = 0 = 1.2) = .3012

(b)

New Lambda = = 0.6 collisions 2 months

P(X = 2 = 0.6) = .0988

(c)

The interval length has been increased (by 1.5)

New Lambda = = 1.8 collisions 6 months
P(X < 1 = 1.8) = .4628
The result is likely to happen almost half the time (46.26%). Ship channel
and weather conditions are about normal for this period. Safety awareness
is about normal for this period. There is no compelling reason to reject the
lambda value of 0.6 collisions per 4 months based on an outcome of 0 or 1
collisions per 6 months.

5.22

5.23

= 1.2 pens carton

(a)

P(X = 0 = 1.2) = .3012

(b)

P(X > 8 = 1.2) = .0000

(c)

P(X > 3 = 1.2) = 1 P(X 3) = 1 0.9662 = .0338

n = 100,000
p = .00004
P(X > 7 n = 100 000 p = .00004):
= = np = 100 000(.00004) = 4.0
Since n > 20 and np < 7, the Poisson approximation to this binomial problem is
close enough.
P(X > 7 = 4) = 1 P(X 6) = 1 .8893 = .1107

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Solutions Manual to accompany Australasian Business Statistics 3e by Ken Black et al

P(X >10 = 4) = 1 P(X 10) = 1 .9972 = .0028

Since getting more than 10 is a rare occurrence, this particular geographic region
appears to have a higher average rate than other regions. An investigation of
particular characteristics of this region might be warranted.
5.24

p = .009

n = 200

Use the Poisson Distribution:

= np = 200(.009) = 1.8

5.25

(a)

P(X > 6) = 1 P(X 5) = 1 .9896 = .0104

(b)

P(X > 10) = 1 P(X 10) = 1 1.0 = .0000

(c)

P(X = 0) = .1653

(d)

P(X < 5) = P(X 4) = .9636

(a)

P(x = 4 n = 11 and P = .23)

11

4
(b)

(.23)4(.77)7 = 330(.0028)(.1605) = .1482

P(x > 1 n = 6 and P = .50)

= 1 P(x < 1) = 1 P(x = 0)

= 1

6

0

(.50)0(.50)6 = 1(1)(1)(.0156) = .9844

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Chapter 5: Discrete Distributions

(c)

P(x > 7 n = 9 and P = .85) = P(x = 8) + P(x = 9)

9

8

(.85)8(.15)1 +

9

9

(.85)9(.15)0

= (9)(.2725)(.15) + (1)(.2316)(1) = .3679 + .2316 = .5995

(d)

P(x < 3 n = 14 and P = .70)

= P(x = 3) + P(x = 2) + P(x = 1) + P(x = 0)

14

3

14

0

(.70)3(.30)11 +

14

2

(.70)2(.30)12 +

14

1

(.70)1(.30)13

(.70)0(.30)14

= (364)(.3430)(.00000177) + (91)(.49)(.000000047)
= (14)(.70)(.00000016) + (1)(1)(.000000047)
= .0002 + .0000 + .0000 + .0000 = .0002
5.26

(a)

P(x = 14 n = 20 and P = .60) = .124

(b)

P(x < 5 n = 10 and P =.30)

= P(x = 4) + P(x = 3) + P(x = 2) + P(x = 1) + P(x=0) =
x
0
1
2
3
4
x<5

(c)

P
.028
.121
.233
.267
.200
.849

P(x > 12 n = 15 and P = .60)

= P(x = 12) + P(x = 13) + P(x = 14) + P(x = 15)
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Solutions Manual to accompany Australasian Business Statistics 3e by Ken Black et al

x
12
13
14
15
x > 12
(d)

P
.063
.022
.005
.000
.090

P(x > 20 n = 25 and P = .40)

= P(x = 21) + P(x = 22) + P(x = 23) + P(x = 24) + P(x = 25) =
x
21
22
23
24
25
x > 20

5.27

(a)

P
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000

P(x = 4 = 1.25)
(1.25 4 )(e 1.25 ) (2.4414)(.2865)

.0291
4!
24

(b)

P(x < 1 = 6.37) = P(x = 1) + P(x = 0)

(6.37)1 (e 6.37 ) (6.37) 0 (e 6.37 )
(6.37)(.0017) (1)(.0017)

1!
0!
1
1
.0109 .0017 .0126

(c)

P(x > 5 = 2.4) = 1 P(X 5)

=1 P( x= 0) P(X = 1) P(X = 5)
=1 e 2.4
e 2.4

2 .4

2.4 0
0!

e 2 .4

2.4 1
1!

e 2. 4

2. 4 2
2!

e 2. 4

2. 4 3

4!
2. 4

2. 4 5
5!

=1 .0907 .2177 .2613 .2090 .1254 .0602

= .0357
5.28

(a)

P(X = 3 = 1.8) = .1607

(b)

P(X < 5 = 3.3)

= P(X = 4) + P(X = 3) + P(X = 2) + P(X = 1) + P(X = 0) =

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3!

Chapter 5: Discrete Distributions

x
0
1
2
3
4
x<5
(c)

P(X > 3 = 2.1) =

x
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
X>5

(d)

P
.1890
.0992
.0417
.0146
.0044
.0011
.0003
.0001
.0000
.3504

P(2 < X < 5 = 4.2) = P(X = 3) + P(X = 4) + P(X = 5) =

x
3
4
5
2<X<5

5.29

P
.0369
.1217
.2008
.2209
.1823
.7626

P
.1852
.1944
.1633
.5429

n = 25 p = .20 retired
from Table A.2: P(X = 7) = .111
P(X > 10) = 1 P(X 9) = 1 .9827 = .0173
Expected Value = = nP = 25(.20) = 5
n = 20 P = .40 mutual funds
P(X = 8) = .180
P(X< 6) = P(X 5) = .1256
P(X = 0) = .000
P(X > 12) = 1 P(x 11) =1 .9435 = .0565
x=8
Expected Number = = n P = 20(.40) = 8

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Solutions Manual to accompany Australasian Business Statistics 3e by Ken Black et al

5.30

N = 32

(a)

A = 10

P(x = 3) =

10 2

3 9
32

1 2

n = 12

(120)( 497 420)

= .2644
225 792 840

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Chapter 5: Discrete Distributions

(b)

P(x = 6) =

10 2

66
32

1 2

( 210)(74 613)

= 225 792 840 = .0694

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Solutions Manual to accompany Australasian Business Statistics 3e by Ken Black et al

(c)

P(x = 0) =

10 2

0 12
32

1 2

(1)(646 646)

= 225 792 840 = .0029

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Chapter 5: Discrete Distributions

(d)

A = 22

P(7 < x < 9) =

10 2 10 2 10 2

5 7 4 8 3 9
32 32 32

1 2 12 12
+

(170 544)(252) (319 770)(210) ( 497 420)(120)

225 792 840

225 792 840
225 792 840

= .1903 + .2974 + .2644 = .7521

5.31

= 1.4 defects 1 lot

If x > 3, buyer rejects
If x < 3, buyer accepts
P(x < 3 = 1.4) = (from Table A.3)
x
0
1
2
3
x<3

5.32

P
.2466
.3452
.2417
.1128
.9463

(a)

n = 20 and p = .4
The expected number = = np = (20)(.4) = 8

(b)

P(x < 1 n = 20 and p = .4) = .0005

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Solutions Manual to accompany Australasian Business Statistics 3e by Ken Black et al

The probability is small, but that is not unusual, since the expected number
of people with heart disease is 8. Our state is healthier than the Australian
average with respect to the incidence of heart disease.
5.33

(a)

X ~ Bin(10,0.8), so P(X > 7) = 1 P(X 7) = 1 .3222 = .6778

Expected number = = np = 10(.80) = 8

(b)

X ~ Bin(15,.63), so P(X = 15) = .001

For men, X ~ Bin(15,.53), and P(X = 15) = .0001

(c)

X ~ Bin(20,.15), and P(X = 0) = .0388

The probability of this occurring is fairly low. If this event actually
occurred than it would indicate that the proportion of men actually using
online photo printing service is lower than 15%.

5.34

= 0.6 flats 2000 km

P(X = 0 = 0.6) = (from Table A.3) .5488
P(X > 3 = 0.6) = 1P(X2) =1.9769 (Excel) = .0231
One trip is independent of the other.
Let F = flat tyre and NF = no flat tyre
P(NF) = .5488
P(NF1 and NF2) = P(NF1) x P(NF2)
= (.5488)(.5488) = .3012
Alternative solution:
From the first part P(NF) = .5488
P(F) = (at least one flat tyre) = P(X 1 ) = 1 .5488 =.4512.
Now let the random variable Y denote the number of trips out of two trips in
which there is no flat tyre. Then Y~Bin(2,0.5488). We need:
P(Y = 2) = .3012 (Excel)

5.35

= 2.4 calls 1 minute

(a)

P(x = 0 = 2.4) = (from Table A.3) .0907

(b)

Can handle x < 5 calls

Cannot handle x > 5 calls
P(x > 5 = 2.4) = (from Table A.3)
x
6

P
.0241
John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd 2012
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Chapter 5: Discrete Distributions

7
8
9
10
11
x>5
(c)

.0083
.0025
.0007
.0002
.0000
.0358

P(x = 3 calls 2 minutes)

The interval has been increased 2 times.
New Lambda = = 4.8 calls 2 minutes.
from Table A.3: .1517

(d)

P(x < 1 calls 15 seconds):

The interval has been decreased by .
New Lambda = = 0.6 calls 15 seconds.
P(x < 1 = 0.6) = (from Table A.3)
P(x = 1) = .3293
P(x = 0) = .5488
P(x < 1) = .8781

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