EPEWORKSHOPREPORT

TITLE:MULTICHANNELIRREMOTECONTROLSYSTEM

ProblemStatement:DesignofamultichannelIRRemotecontrolsystemtodrivemultiple
loads.

ComponentsUsed:

TRANSMITTERCIRCUIT:
Sr.No.

COMPONENTS

SPECIFICATIONS

QUANTITY

1.

Resistors

1M

10K

760

1.5K

100

15pF

1OuF

0.01uF

0.1uF

2.

Capacitors

3.

Switch

5DIP

4.

Batterysource

5volts

5.

Microcontroller8051

AT89C51

6.

EncoderIC

HT12E

7.

TimerIC

LM555

8.

ANDGate

7408

9.

Transistor

BC547

10.

IRTransmitterLED

RECEIVERCIRCUIT:

Sr.No.

COMPONENTS

SPECIFICATIONS

QUANTITY

1.

Resistors

100

50k

10k

2.

Capacitors

10uF

3.

Voltagesource

5V

4.

Decoder

HT12D

5.

Microcontroller(8051)

AT89C51

6.

DarlingtonArrays(RelayDriver)

ULN2004

7.

Transistor

BC547

8.

IRReceiver

TSOP1738


CircuitDiagram:
TRANSMITTER:

RECEIVER:

WorkingoftheCircuit:
ThecircuitworksontheprincipleofIRcommunication.IRcommunicationinvolves
transmittingsignalsusinginfraredsignalasthecarrier.Theinputsignalfromswitchesis
processedbythemicrocontroller,encodedbytheencoder,modulatedandtransmittedbythe
transmitter.Atthereceiver,themodulatedsignalisdemodulatedbytheIRreceiver,decodedby
thedecoderandprocessedbythemicrocontrollertocontroltheoutputloads.
1. TransmitterCircuit
ThetransmittercircuitconsistsofthethreeICsAT89C51microcontroller,
EncoderHT12Eandtimer555.

Thefirststepofthedesignincludesdesigningthemicrocontrollerinterfacing.Attheinputside,a
5itemDIPswitchisinterfacedtoportP1ofthemicrocontroller.Anotherpartoftheinputcircuit
designinvolvesdesigningtheoscillatorcircuitandresetcircuit.Theoscillatorcircuitdesignis
donebyselectingtwo15pFcapacitorsconnectedtobothendsofthecrystaloscillator.8
Theresetcircuitisdesignedkeepinginmindtherequiredresetpulsewidthtobe100msand
voltagedropatresetpintobe1.2V.Hereweselectaresistorof10Kandcapacitorof10uFto
meettherequirements.TheoutputsideconsistsoftheHT12Eencoderwithits7addresspins
andtheterminalenablepinconnectedtoground,4datapinsconnectedtoPort0.
Thesecondstepofthedesigninvolvesdesigningthetimeroscillatorcircuit.Hereweneedtobe
designanastablemultivibratorusing555timer.Keepinginmindtherequiredoscillation
frequencytobe38KHzandassumingthevalueofcapacitortobe0.01uF,wegetthevalueofRa
as760ohmsandRbas1.5K.
When the circuit is powered, the compiler with initialize the stack pointer and other variables
andcallsthemainfunction.Itscanstheinputpins,i.e.thesignalsfromtheswitch.
In case any of the switches is pressed, as per the program, the compiler assigns the
corresponding 4 bit value to 4 pins of the output port, i.e. The required 4 bit output signal is
generatedwhichisfedtothedatainputoftheencoder.
The encoder then converts this 4 bit paralleldatainto serial data, i.e. generates acode foreach
parallel data input. The output from the encoder is connected to the reset pin ofthe time 555
such that the timer will operate only when there is any output from the encoder. The timer
producesa38KHzsignalusedtodrivetheIRLEDs,thusproducingamodulated38KHzIRsignal.
2. ReceiverCircuit
ThereceivercircuitissimilartothetransmittercircuitdesignandconsistsoffourICs
AT89C51,decoderHT12D,IRreceiverTSOP1738andrelaydriverULN2004.Designingthe
microcontrollerinterfacingissameasthatinthetransmittercircuit,speciallytheresetcircuit
andoscillatordesign.

Here, the input circuit consists of the decoder and TSOP1738. The output pin of TSOP1738 is
connected to data input pinofthedecoderICandthe4dataoutputpinsareconnectedtoport P1
of the microcontroller. The address pins are grounded and an LED is connected to the valid
transmissionpintoindicatethetransmission.
The output circuit consists ofthe relay driverIC ULN2004 with 5 of itsinput pins connected to
portP2ofthemicrocontrollerandthe5outputpinsconnectedto5relaysoperating5lamps.

The transmittedIR signalisreceivedby theTSOP1738ortheIRreceiver,whichdemodulatesthe

signal using an arrangementofpindiodeandfilter. Outputfromthereceiveris fedtotheinputof
the decoder which initially checks the received data at least three timesandthensendsa high
pulse to the VT pin so as to indicatea valid transmission. The decoder then converts theserial
data input into 4 bitparallel data output. Inthe mean time, themicrocontroller gets booted and
theinput pinsarescanned.Foracertain 4bitinput signal,thecompilerassignsahighlogic signal
to the corresponding input pin of the relay driver. The relay driver ULN2004 is actually a
Darlington array IC whichshiftsthe voltage level of thereceived inputsignal so astoprovide a
low voltage signal at the corresponding output pin. The relay coilconnectedtothat output pin
thus gets energizedas current flows through it and armature movesfromitsoriginalpositionso
as to complete thecircuit and the lampstartsglowing(notshowninthepicture). Thisoperation
issameforswitchingonallotherlamps.

Improvements:

ExpectedBOM:

Sr.No.

COMPONENTS

SPECIFICATI
ONS

QUANTITY

COST(in
rupees)

1.

Resistors

2.

Capacitors

40

3.

Switch

5DIP

200

4.

Batterysource

5volts

140

5.

Microcontroller8051

AT89C51

200

6.

EncoderIC

HT12E

70

7.

DecoderIC

HT12D

70

8.

TimerIC

LM555

15

9.

ANDGate

7408

30

10.

Transistor

BC547

10

11.

IRTransmitterLED

10

12.

IRReceiver

TSOP1738

20

13.

DarlingtonArrays(RelayDriver)

ULN2004

12

TOTAL

825

References:
1. http://www.st.com/content/ccc/resource/technical/document/datasheet/f3/6e/c8/64/
4d/b3/4e/38/CD00001244.pdf/files/CD00001244.pdf/jcr:content/translations/en.CD0
0001244.pdf