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Exp # 1 El ec trom echan ical Systems

Name:

Roll #: - - --

Des ign of an Inductor us ing Ferrite Core of different core shapes like
(i) T o ro id shape
(ii) E-I s hape
(i ii) E-E sha p e

(i )

To r o idal S hape

There are many types of toroids available to you in the lab, each with a different
mean length Ie and different relative permeability iJR . Repeat the below
instructions for all the types of toroids
~

1. Make)6 number of turns using the enamel wire (either ~2# gauge or 30#
gauge) on the said toroid to make an inductor of L
1 )< Hz.
2. Find out the value of Inductor using the LCR meter provided to you.
Please read out the LCR Meter manual before operating it.

=~Q.rrJ-1.@

~-

3. Once L is found, do reverse calculations to find out relative permeability iJR

using L = N2/~ = (N2iJoiJRA)/ Ie


where ~ is the reluctance of the circuit.

Where
N = no of turns on the core
Ie = mean length of the core
A = cross sectional area of the core
7
iJ o Permeability of the air 4TT x 10- A-turns/m
jJR = Relative permeability of the material used in the core =

7.J3 ,264 .

To find cross sectional area of the core A, use vernier caliper to find
Height of the core
Thickness of the core
Cross sectional Area

=0, 012 0 2 m

= 5.\')I..'D ~3 m

= t x h = 6. 1302xIO~2

=h
=t
= Ae

To find out mean length Ie of the core again use vernier caliper

Outer Diameter of the Core 0 1


Outer Radius of the Core = r1
Inner Diameter of the Core = D2
Inner Radius of the Core = r2
Outer Circumference of the Core
Inner Circumference of the Core
Mean Length of the core = Ie

O .0 2'53~ m

, . 3'2'Xlo-3 m

= o 0 1261 m
= f). OIL\ 64 m
= C 1 = 2TTr1 = O o '1~61 m
= C 2 = 2TTr2 =
m
= (C 1 + C 2 ) / 2 = o Db'18

o.6I1b

1.

i:Yu,.j

I~' -34N'\~

(While using enamel wire, you have to peel off the enamel from the ends of the wire by a

scissor or some plier to make it conductive and to use it or test it)

~~

lOCH.. .

')

7 li 6'111

Exp # 1 Electromechanical

Systems~ lK""z-

Roll # :
?
0 3 {:I
-~ 83 L }(II-i

(J?.L~ - o
oXlo rr
~ ;::- 82 g4.JJf.l
number of turns on the same given ferri~e mClteria l :.. fld find

Name:
30

10

4. Do this time
.
out the inductance from LCR meter.
5. Find the error in the measured and cal culated value . %trror = O
B"3 , .. 6 - ;?29 -, ~lerO ~

6 Find out the inductance for the above

mention~'~'j'n6ductances

other gauqe of ,,,,jrp VVh?t :'3 the effect? And Why?

. 1.-' . 'i?~~ .L/Ii

39J vt?

using the

. ~~'u:4J::=-~.

~:J!f2-~a~~ ~iL.
(ii)

E-I Sha pe or E-E s hape

There are many sizes of E-I or E-E core available to you in the lab , each with a
different mean length Ie and different cross-sectional area but same relative
permeability ~R as the material is the same. Repeat the below instructions for any
one of the E-I or E-E cores available. Formers (plastic material) on which winding
is to be done and E-I or E-E core to be inserted afterwards .

L~ I

~q

ICI(oHZ

<"33 b rOt!

Make ~ number of turns using the enamel wire (either 22# gauge or ~
u aug e) on the said former of the E-I core to make an inductor of L3 =
1 l).2 n, H.
II. Find out the value of Inductor using the LCR meter provided to you.
Please read out the LCR Meter manual before operating it.
(While using enamel wire, you have to peel off the enamel from the ends of the wire by a
I.

scissor or some plier to make it conductive and to use it or test it)

III .

Once L is found, do reverse calculations to find out relative permeability


uSing
L = (N2~R~oA e) I Ie

~R

Where
N = no of turns on the core
Ie = mean length of the core
Ae = cross sectional area of the core
~o = Permeability of the air = 4TT x 10-7 A-turns/m
~ R = Relative permeability of the material used in the core
To find cross sectional area of the center limb of the core Ae as winding is
made on the center limb, use vernier caliper to find the two dimensions
q ,Ih1M. 'X 1~ 1l.fmM.
Ae'

= Center Limb Cross-Sectional Area = ,. 'l~bXI{)4 m2

To find out the mean length of the core Ie, you have to make the magnetic
circuit according to the E-I core with lumped core reluctances .
The magnetic circuit is as follows :

"~(D

:=

q11

I;) -7 Y

x I ~, -, lj

~ ,. ~ 36 )(1 0 ~ y

')'Yl )...

~ , .'~ 5" 0 ~ )( I D- 5 ~ :l
5
7L
~
,
ill
i( 1d..1 f t ~ 5, 'J f3bXIO- "",'
A~& ~
5 ./:2 y);).1Y -:: 6. ')J~g~x IO - 51Y12- .

A~ @ <=

4, ~

'>(

-;;:

A7G) ~

LcJD

.}3 50- 4~!.'J f

Lt-{j) .

r!J , 013 qq~ .

k(j)

33.D~ - 4~ R

lJ!J

cJ

-- ;Z

O . OI Ll'12

""0

Exp # 1 Electromechanical Systems


Roll # : - --

Name:

2R

2R

Based on the following assumptions, find the total Reluctance (formula) of

the core used.

(i)
Cross sectional area of the center limb is double than the side limbs

so the reluctance of the side limbs would be half of the center limb.

(ii)
Assume the center limb reluctance is R. Based on the length of the

other limb lengths find out the reluctance for other limbs relative to the

center limb.

Try to figure out yourself the reluctance using your mathematical knowledge
Find the mean length Ie using vernier caliper on the inside and outside of the E-I
core.
Mean Length of the Core = Ie =
Relative Permeability of the Core

= fJ R =

t/4 .of

20

Do this time LlJ


. J number of turns on the same given ferrite material and finu out
the indu~tarfce from LCR meter. Find out the percentagebe.o:01 in your calculated
and measured results .
% error =
% Cftf.~~ L-:;. ~clx47\)"I;1xI14&c4

l#

0/ -

66f'. 4CYC;

~ op6x/o - 4H
~- ::. 320.5"Xlo - (, .

Precauti ons:
(i) In case of an air gap or insulator in the gap , the core "dimensi.9f1 s are _ 9:J6/ rl o'- 22CJ .fKI;
expected to change.
~{" ~ (ii ) While using vernier caliper, try to be as accurate as possib le. In case of ~~.x (,, - ~
unawareness to use vernier caliper use help from web.
.
(iii) When the core winding is done , try to fasten the two pieces of core using

plastic tape or scotch tape for effective joining of the two pieces so that no air

gap is in between and does not offer reluctance .

_-=-0- --:--- -

Exp # 1 Electromechanical Systems


Name:

Roll # : - - -

(iv) While winding the enamel wire, the air gap between the former and the

wire should be minimal and observe symmetry while winding large no of

turns. This will improve the quality factor of your inductor.

Comments:

What difference will be observed by adding an air gap in the core? Inductance
increased or decre3.sed? Reason

-b-\...L.

ej

\)

C'V\.1L..LLL~u

~e(J.f uu...v..

'o~~

,,(~~LL

~~
~ ~~
U "?j~
~~O::~~RGAU~_
1- \
~ ( L_~ I

LRt1u.cr4M-Ll- ~ ~ W"(.! ~k b~ 'L.t~

.hi

i> ~ ~") .

If the core reluc~ce is ignored what is the value of Inductance t~ Do back


calculations?

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