2H

Natural Resources and Environmental Law with Land Titles and Deeds (NAT RES/LTD)
I. NATURE OF REGISTRATION PROCEEDINGS AND JURISDICTION OF COURTS
1. Concept of Regalian Doctrine

a. Cruz v. Secretary of Environment and Natural Resources, G.R. No. 135383, 6 December 2000

b. Secretary of DENR v. Yap, G.R. No. 167707, 8 October 2008

2. Torrens System of Registration

a. Nature and Purpose of the Torrens System

b. Background and advantages of the Torrens system

3. A view of the past and present legislation on land registration

a. The Public Land Act (CA No. 141)

b. The Land Registration Act (Act No. 496)

c. The Cadastral Act (Act No. 496)

d. The Property Registration Decree (P.D. 1529)

e. Indigenous Peoples Rights Act (RA No. 8371)

4. Regional Trial Courts have exclusive jurisdiction over land registration cases

a. Jurisdiction in civil cases involving title to property

b. Distinction between the courts general and limited jurisdiction


1. Junio v. De los Santos, G.R. No. L-35744, 28 September 1984


2. Arceo v. Court of Appeals, G. R. No. 81401, 18 May 1990

c. Delegated jurisdiction of inferior courts in cadastral and land registration cases

II. THE LAND REGISTRATION COMMISSION AND REGISTRIES OF DEEDS
1. The Land Registration Authority

a. Functions of the Authority

b. Functions of the Administrator

2. Office of the Register of Deeds

a. The Registry of Property

b. Effect of registration

c. General functions of the Register of Deeds


1. Office of the Register of Deeds


2. Ministerial duties of Register of Deeds



a. Baranda v. Gustilo, G.R. No. 81153, 26 September 1988.



b. Almirol v. Register of Deeds of Agusan, G.R. No. L-22486, 20 March 1968.


3. Instances when Register of Deeds may deny registration

III. MODES OF REGISTERING LAND TITLES
1. Citizenship requirement

a. Krivenko Doctrine


a. Krivenko v. Register of Deeds, G.R. No. L-630, 15 November 1957.

b. Halili v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 113539, 12 March 1998.
b. Acquisition of agricultural lands of the public domain limited to Filipino citizens
c. Aliens may lease private land

a. Llantino v. Co Liong Chong, G.R. No. 292663, 20 August 1990.
d. A corporation sole may acquire and register private agricultural land

a. Roman Catholic Apostolic Administrator of Davao, Inc. v. Land Registration Commission
e. Donation in favor of a religious corporation controlled by non-Filipinos non registrable.

a. Register of Deeds of Rizal v. Ung Sui Si Temple, G.R. No. L-6776, 21 May 1955.
f. Land sold to an alien which is now in the hands of a Filipino may no longer be annulled.

a. De Castro v. Tan, G.R. No. L-31956, 30 April 1984.

b. Republic V. Intermediate Appellate Court and Gonzalves, G.R No. 74170, 18 July 1989.
g. Recover of land sold to an alien

a. Rellosa v. Gaw Chee Hun, G.R. No. L-1411, 29 September 1953.

b. Philippine Banking Corporation v. Lui She, G.R. No. L-17587, 12 September 1967
h. Rights of former natural-born Filipino citizens to acquire lands

a. Article XII, Section 8 of the Constitution

b. Batas Pambansa 185

c. Republic Act 7042, as amended by Republic Act 8179

2. Classification of Public Land

a. Classification of public land is an executive prerogative

b. Only alienable lands of the public domain may be the subject of disposition


a. Chavez v. Public Estates Authority, G.R. No. 133250, 9 July 2002.


b. Bureau of Forestry v. Court of Appeals and Gallo, G. R. No. L-37995, 31 August 1987.


c. Director of Lands v. Court of Appeals and Bisnar, G. R No. 83609, 26 October 1989.

c. Public lands and government land distinguished


a. Montano v. Insular Government, G.R. No. 3714, 26 January 26, 1909.
3. Non-Registrable Properties

a. Property of public domain


1. Article 419, 420, 421 and 422, 423, 424, 425 of the Civil Code


2. Martinez v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. L-31271, 29 April 1974.


3. Laurel v. Garcia, G.R. No. 92013, 25 July 1990.


4. Republic v. Alagad, G.R. No. 66807, 26 Januaryy 1989.


5. Section 60 of CA No. 141

b. Forest Lands


1. Republic v. Court of Appeals and Lastimado, G. R. No. L-39473, 30 April 1979.

c. Watersheds


1. Tan v. Director of Forestry

d. Mangrove swamps


1. Director of Forestry v. Villareal, G.R. No. L-32266, 27 February 1989.

e. Mineral lands


1. Atok-Big Wedge Mining Co. v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 88883, 18 January 1991.

f. National Parks


1. Palomo v. Court of Appeals, G. R. No. 95608, 21 January 1997.

g. Military or naval reservation


1. Republic v. Marcos, G.R. No. L-29675, 30 September 1969.

h. Foreshore ands and reclaimed lands


1. Republic v. Alagad, G.R. No. 66807, 26 January 1989.

i. Lakes

j. Navigable rivers

k. Creeks


l. Reservation for public and semi-public purposes